MARTON VILLAGE and the GROVE CONSERVATION AREA: CHARACTER APPRAISAL and MANAGEMENT PLAN

MARTON VILLAGE and THE GROVE CONSERVATION AREA: CHARACTER APPRAISAL AND MANAGEMENT PLAN

Stokesley Road, Marton, Middlesbrough

November 2005

MARTON VILLAGE and THE GROVE CONSERVATION AREA: CHARACTER APPRAISAL

Contents:

1. Introduction page 2

Part I: Character Appraisal

2. Conservation Area Designation and Boundary page 5

3. Historical Origins and Development page 8

4. Archaeology page 14

5. Activities and Uses page 14

6. Townscape Character Analysis page 15

7. Architectural Character: Marton Village page 17

8. Architectural Character: The Grove page 21

9. Prevailing Materials and Local Traditions page 27

10. Natural Heritage page 29

11. Setting page 32

12. Views and Vistas page 34

13. Negative and Neutral Factors page 36

14. Issues and Threats page 37

15. Preservation and Enhancement page 38

Part 2: Management Plan

16. Management Plan page 39

Maps and Appendices

Appendix 1 Middlesbrough Local Plan Policies page 47 Appendix 2 Schedule of Addresses within the proposed Conservation Area page 49 Appendix 3 Listed Buildings Text descriptions page 50

Aerial view Map 1: Proposed boundary and sub-areas Map 2: Conservation Area Buildings Map 3: Green Character Map 4: Setting and Key Views

MARTON VILLAGE and THE GROVE CONSERVATION AREA: CHARACTER APPRAISAL AND MANAGEMENT PLAN

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Conservation Areas: Planning and Legal Framework

Conservation Areas were first introduced by the Civic Amenities Act 1967. The Act has now been incorporated and expanded into the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 which provides the statutory basis for planning control within Conservation Areas. This current Act imposes a duty on the local planning authority to designate Conservation Areas (where appropriate) and to bring forward policies and proposals for the preservation and enhancement of such areas.

Under Section 69 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Local Planning Authorities have a duty to designate as Conservation Areas, “Any areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance” and to review these areas from time to time. Section 71 of the Act places a duty on local planning authorities to ‘formulate and publish proposals for the preservation and enhancement of conservation areas.’

1.2. Purpose and Objectives of a Conservation Area Appraisal

The purpose of a Conservation Area Character Appraisal is to ‘clearly identify what it is about the character or appearance of the area which should be preserved or enhanced, and set out the means by which that objective is to be pursued’, and it is hoped that ‘clear assessment and definition of an areas special interest and the action needed to protect it will help to generate awareness and encourage local property owners to take the right sort of action for themselves’. (Planning Policy Guidance Note 15 [PPG15]: Planning and the Historic Environment 4.9)

1.3. Conservation Area Designation

The appraisal has been prepared using guidance contained within PPG15 and English Heritage’s guidance on Conservation Area Appraisals. The aim of this Conservation Area Character Appraisal is to:

Improve the understanding of the history and the historical context, of this area of Middlesbrough

To suggest and justify the boundary of the proposed Conservation Area

Generate awareness of exactly what it is about the proposed Conservation Area that makes it of ‘special interest’.

Provide residents, businesses and property owners with a clear idea of what it is about the proposed Conservation Area that should be cared for and preserved.

In addition the Appraisal is supported by a Management Plan which puts forward policies and proposals for the preservation and enhancement of the proposed Conservation Area. This Plan will;

Provide residents, businesses and property owners with a clear idea of what enhancements could made be made to the Conservation Area.

Provide Middlesbrough Council with a valuable development control and planning policy tool with which to inform the future care and development of the area.

The Appraisal is not intended to be wholly comprehensive in its content and failure to mention any particular building, feature or space should not be assumed to imply that they are of no interest.

This Appraisal should be read in conjunction with the Middlesbrough Local Plan and national policy guidance, particularly PPG 15. These documents provide more detailed information on local and national policy relating to conservation areas. Local Plan policies relevant to Conservation Areas are described in Appendix 1.

The recommendation of this study is to progress towards the designation of Marton Village and the Grove Conservation Area subject to a process of internal and public consultation.

PART 1: CHARACTER APPRAISAL

2. CONSERVATION AREA JUSTIFICATION AND BOUNDARY

2.1. Justification

Marton Village and The Grove are distinct character areas, which are put forward for Conservation Area status for differing reasons. Marton Village is the surviving historic core of the pre-industrial village of Marton. The Grove, which grew out of the Bolckow estate in the early twentieth century, is Middlesbrough’s best example of a pre-1939 suburb. The two are linked through sharing a common origin and history. Although central to the story of Marton Village and The Grove, Stewart Park has not been included due to important losses such as Bolckow’s mansion and the north-west lodge as well as later alterations to the parkland. The park does, however, have adequate protection through its Primary Open Space status and Tree Protection Orders, and its surviving historic buildings have listed status.

It is considered that Marton Village and the Grove meets the essential criteria for conservation area designation described in paragraph 1.1 for the following reasons;

the special interest relates to the area of Marton Village and The Grove and not merely to its individual buildings, Marton Village has good quality architecture which contributes to local distinctiveness whilst The Grove has a diversity of buildings and a layout and townscape which also contributes to local distinctiveness, the area has special historic interest. The Grove illustrates a significant phase of the town’s history and development and Marton Village through its connections with Captain Cook and the Bolckow family has associations with historic event and people of regional and national significance, and due to its uniqueness within Middlesbrough it is desirable to preserve the specific layout and built character of The Grove and to preserve and enhance the historic character of Marton Village. 2.2. Location

Marton Village and The Grove proposed Conservation Area is located approximately 5 miles south of Middlesbrough town centre. The population of Marton Ward within which it lies at the 2001 census was approximately 4,866. This accounts for approximately 3.6% of Middlesbrough’s total population.

2.3. Current Local Plan Designations

There are no statutory Development Plan designations within the village core. However, Stewart Park to the north of the proposed conservation area boundary is designated as Primary Open Space and as Green Wedge in the Middlesbrough Local Plan. Marton Village contains 4 listed buildings, including St. Cuthbert’s Church, and there are 5 listed tombstones located within the churchyard. There are no listed buildings in The Grove sub-area. Most of the trees to the east of Stokesley Road in Marton Village and within the whole of The Grove are covered by individual or area Tree Preservation Orders dating from 1986 (see map 3).

2.4. Proposed Boundary

The proposed Marton Village and Grove Conservation Area is formed from two sub areas (shown on map 1). Each has its own distinctive character but is part of a coherent whole; Marton Village covers the core of the original village of West Marton focusing on St Cuthbert’s Church and a number of 18th and 19th Century buildings along Stokesley Road, and The Grove covers in its entirety the early 20th Century suburb from Marton Village to Ladgate Lane at its northern end.

Where characteristics differ significantly the analysis within this Appraisal deals separately with the two sub-areas.

Marton Village Sub-Area The northern boundary of Marton Village takes in the Stewart Park western lodge and a corner of green space from Stewart Park, cutting across Stokesley Road to the west taking in St Cuthbert’s Church and grounds. The boundary then moves south behind the church grounds taking in Westside House and an area of open space to the south of the house. The boundary then moves east taking a row of cottages (including the back lane and ancillary outhouses) on the west side of Stokesley Road. The boundary briefly follows Stokesley Road to the south taking in numbers 15 and 15a before moving east of Marton Country Club. The boundary takes in Marton Methodist church, the Memorial Garden at the bottom of The Grove plus numbers 8 - 12 ‘The Village’ to the south of the Memorial Garden. The boundary of this sub-area then moves north across the Grove, excluding the bulk of properties along South Drive, to take in the Captain Cook School House and grounds and the modern buildings on the east side of Stokesley Road.

The Grove Sub-Area The boundary of The Grove includes the cul-de-sac of South Drive and takes in all those properties fronting the Grove east of Marton Village where long plots laid out in the early 20th Century developed. The boundary follows the rear of these properties on both sides of the Grove and includes those post war properties where they front the Grove. The undeveloped open ground south of Stewart Park and its east lodge is included whilst the post war developments of Roseland and Cleveland Drive with a different plot layout are excluded. The boundary follows the rear curtilages on both sides of the Grove northwards across the eastern entrance to Stewart Park as far as and including 100 The Grove, but excludes Marton railway station which contains nothing of merit.

The properties included within the Conservation Area are shown on map1 and described in Appendix 2 in a schedule of properties.

3. HISTORICAL ORIGINS AND DEVELOPMENT

3.1. Early Development: East and West Marton to 1853

The settlement at Marton dates back at least to the early Middle Ages and the earliest reference is contained within the Domesday Book; the name Marton signifying a ‘Village on the Marsh’. After the Norman Conquest it became part of the estates granted to Robert de Brus, of Skelton Castle, changing hands over the centuries until 1786 when it was purchased by Mr. Bartholomew Rudd. By the 13th Century there was a clear distinction between East and West Marton. Reference to map evidence from 1764 shows that the twin villages of ‘East Marton’ and ‘West Marton’ (see fig. 1) were aligned north-south along parallel roads which joined the main Stockton Guisborough Road (now Ladgate Lane). Back lanes separated the two villages and provided a link in the form of the western portion of the Grove.

Fig. 1: Forster’s Map of Marton dated 1764, prior to Rudd’s redevelopment of East Marton in 1788 when Cook’s Cottage was cleared to make way for Marton Lodge. East Marton is located at the top of the map and West Marton to the bottom with St Cuthbert’s Church at the centre. (Orientated north to the left).

The similar linear layout of these villages appears to be determined by the road system. Buildings with road frontages and long narrow plots or ‘tofts’ indicating a medieval origin lay east-west from the roads.

East Marton: The now lost village of East Marton lies within the present Stewart Park. The village is perhaps best known as the birthplace of Captain James Cook, born in the village in 1728 in a small mud cottage. The village survived intact up until the 1780s when Bartholomew Rudd of Marske bought the land.

Rudd set about redeveloping East Marton around 1788, building Marton Lodge (see fig. 2 b) on the site of Cook’s birthplace and former family home, demolishing the cottage and leaving only a quadrangle of flint stones within the courtyard of his stable block (see fig. 2 a). The 1804 plan of Marton and Tollesby Estates (see fig. 3) shows that much of East Marton survived Rudd’s redevelopment during the 1780s. However, East Marton soon fell into disrepair during the early 19th century as Marton Lodge was destroyed by fire in 1832. Henry Bolckow bought the estate and he in turn built Marton Hall in the 1850’s. Bolckow set about turning the estate into parkland and eradicated the remaining traces of East Marton from the landscape.

Fig. 2a (Top): south east view of East Marton circa Fig. 3: 1804 plan of Marton and Tollesby Estates by Jos 1780’s. Remains of Cook’s cottage in the centre of & Will. Walker. the picture. Source: Tees Archaeology (1998) Fig. 2b (Bottom): Rudd’s Marton Lodge

West Marton: The core of West Marton began to develop during the early part of the 12th Century when the present Church of Marton was originally built and dedicated to Saint Cuthbert. The village was originally laid out either side of Stokesley Road with the church of St Cuthbert occupying a prominent frontage site with the old vicarage (originally dated 1702) tucked behind it. Records also indicate that a small Baptist Church was built in the village around 1752 although little is known about its location or fate. Church records from 1572 onwards show no remarkable occurrences in Marton for the 600 years after the founding of Saint Cuthbert's Church and the area would appear to be a quiet and peaceful backwater. The population of Marton numbered 342 in the census of 1801 and records suggest there had been little change in the previous century. Few persons of any significant wealth or consequence appeared to live in Marton until the late 18th Century when Bartholomew Rudd bought the estate and village with the intention to re develop and expand it.

Whereas Rudd redeveloped East Marton during the late 18th century, West Marton was not subject to any major redevelopment till the early to mid 19th century after the village and estate fell into Henry Bolckow’s ownership. Inspired by the late Bartholomew Rudd, the Captain Cook School House on Stokesley Road was constructed as a memorial to Marton’s greatest son, Captain James Cook in 1846/50. The school was built from sandstone from Rudd’s Marton Lodge, which had been destroyed by fire in 1832. The church of St Cuthbert and the vicarage (now known as Westside House) were also re built around this period as the remnants of medieval West Marton began to disappear and a new village influenced by popular architectural styles of the period began to emerge. A Wesleyan Methodist chapel was also constructed at the bottom of the Grove around 1842. This was later replaced in 1890 and 1913 and extended in 1970.

West Marton was rapidly expanding along Stokesley Road and had now become the commercial focal point for a large agricultural parish stretching to Longlands and Newham. Records show that by the late 19th Century the village comprised a

postmaster, blacksmith, cowkeeper, joiner, market gardener, shoe maker and publican, shopkeeper, grocer, tailor, road contractor, a mason, and two wheelwrights. The population of Marton increased rapidly from around 400 in 1841 to 1,057 in 1881. This period was a time of rapid change for Middlesbrough as the town industrialized on the back of an evolving steel and iron industry. As a result, Marton quickly gentrified as leading industrialists and later the emerging middles classes sought an idyllic escape from the pollution and dirt of industrial Middlesbrough through building country retreats both large and small.

3.2. The Influence of the Bolckow Family: 1853 - 1923

After making his fortune, Henry Bolckow, one of the co-founders of Teesside’s iron and steel industry, moved to Marton in 1860 from his original home in the old town. He became lord of the manor in Marton in 1853 and embarked on the construction of Marton Hall on the site of Marton Lodge in the late 1850’s (see fig. 4). Bolckow also began landscaping the extensive grounds around the hall and as a result the main street through East Marton seen on the 1804 plan (see fig. 3) was completely removed from the landscape. To mark the site of Cook’s cottage, Bolckow constructed a granite urn in the grounds of Marton Hall. In addition, Bolckow partially preserved the shared back lane (now the western end of The Grove) between east and West Marton and extended it to link Stokesley Road with Marton Station (then known as Ormesby Station) to the east. The ordnance survey map of 1894 clearly shows Bolckow’s Marton Hall estate and buildings and the eastern extension of The Grove as a tree lined avenue though as yet undeveloped.

Fig. 4: Drawing of Marton Hall around the late 19th century. The house was built using red brick in the Italianate style. Only the Loggia in the foreground remains6 today.

On his death in 1878 Henry Bolckow was buried in St. Cuthbert’s Church and the estate was inherited by his nephew Carl Frederick Henry Bolckow, who became the new Chairman of Bolckow & Vaughan & Co. He moved from Brackenhoe (now the Ladle) into Marton Hall, where he lived until 1892 when financial difficulties forced him to close the house. After standing empty for a number of years the Hall was occupied by the Yorkshire Regiment during the 1914-18 war and in 1923 was purchased together with its 134 acres of grounds by Councillor Thomas Dormand Stewart, who presented it to the Corporation for use as a public park. The park was officially opened in 1928 and named Stewart Park, providing a popular and enduring recreational venue for the town.

3.3. Early 20th Century Development on The Grove

It is likely that the Bolckows’ financial difficulties may have stimulated the sale of land in blocks of linear plots from the Bolckow estate along the previously undeveloped Grove during the early years of the twentieth century. Subsequently almost the whole of the length of The Grove has been developed in various phases. Prior to the First World War most of the northern section of The Grove was developed along a linear pattern of substantial long plots with individually designed houses set back from the road. Between the wars development continued southwards along the same pattern to link with Marton Village. The substantial plots and attractiveness of the tree lined setting, as elsewhere in the country, attracted the town’s successful upper middle classes. These include such prominent local names as Forbes, Kitching, Hinton, Newbould, Spencer, Winterschladen, and many others. By 1930 the distinctive Arcadian character of the Grove had been set (see figure 5).

Fig. 5: Plan of Marton circa 1930. The Grove is beginning to develop rapidly with large houses set in long, generous plots. Subsequent development conforms to the basic layout set by 1930.

3.4. Post War Development

Post war Marton changed rapidly; a new village green and Garden of Remembrance was opened in 1947 by H.W.F Bolckow’s daughter, Dorothy, on land at the junction of The Grove and Stokesley Road donated by her father. Of historic interest within the garden is a plaque on a stone seat to commemorate this event as well as a further plaque commemorating the dead of both world wars.

Marton Hall suffered a similar fate to its predecessor, Marton Lodge, and was destroyed by fire in 1960 leaving its stone balustrade as the only remnants of the structure. The site of the hall is now occupied by the Captain Cook Memorial Museum. The seclusion and rural feel of West Marton village was also eroded during the post war period as new residential developments sprung up to the west and north connecting the village to the wider suburban area of Middlesbrough. Smaller scale post war development along the Grove, particularly since the 1970s, has also in general failed to complement the pre-war character of the suburb. These changes have tended to dilute rather than submerge its character. The Grove suburb continues to attract development pressure for the subdivision and the more intensive use of its large curtilages which ultimately could threaten the very character that made it attractive.

Notwithstanding these changes, the earlier development of The Grove has created a 20th Century suburb of unique and distinctive character which has played a significant part in the history of the town.

4. ARCHAEOLOGY

Properties on either side of Stokesley Road, including the Captain Cook School, are sited on the original village of West Marton and have archaeological potential. The main areas of archaeological interest within Marton focus on the original village of East Marton and in particular Captain Cook’s cottage which lies in grounds of the existing Stewart Park (developed in the early 1920s). Cook’s cottage (see fig.6) Fig. 6: Illustration of Captain Cook’s Cottage, East Marton. The remains of the lost village now and the medieval village of East Marton were lie in Stewart Park.

th cleared during the mid 19 Century to make Source: www.marton.demon.co.uk way for Marton Hall. An excavation and geophysical survey was undertaken in 1997 around the site of Cook’s cottage in the existing Stewart Park. These archaeological works unearthed medieval pottery hinting at the earliest origins of East Marton. Other finds dating from the 18th and 19th Centuries appeared to be the remnants of the village demolished in the 19th Century to make way for Marton Hall and grounds. This area of interest extends along the original north-south route into the proposed conservation area. The open undeveloped space within the proposed conservation area south of Stewart Park contains earthworks possibly representing these former properties and is of archaeological interest.

5. ACTIVITIES AND USES

A number of 18th and 19th century buildings built along Stokesley Road reflect the original village core. St. Cuthbert’s Church, the Methodist Chapel and the Captain Cook School reflect the historical development of the village. Institutional and commercial uses now exists along Stokesley Road, laced with some residential uses. The Grove developed as, and remains, a high quality residential suburb. The Captain Cook Museum and the recreational open spaces of Stewart Park, and the footpath through to Ormesby Hall attract a number visitors through the area.

6. TOWNSCAPE CHARACTER ANALYSIS

6.1. Spatial Structure

Marton Village retains much of its 18th Century spatial structure and layout, the village having originally developed in a linear pattern along Stokesely Road with St. Cuthbert’s Church raised above the main street. The vicarage is set well back from the main road with a number of buildings clustered around the junction with the Grove. The sense of seclusion and tranquillity is increased by the narrow Fig. 8; Marton developed as a linear village with a number of buildings clustered around lane that squeezes between St Cuthbert’s the junction with the Grove Church and Westside cottages leading up to Westside House

Residential development along The Grove has taken place for over a century. The ‘villa strip’ incorporates the entire length of The Grove, stretching from the Captain Cook School House to Marton Station. The area is characterised by an eclectic mix of large scale housing, set within large sized and heavily wooded plots, along a linear pattern complemented by a significant number of healthy mature trees and open green spaces.

Fig. 9; The Grove is characterised by large scale housing, set within large sized and heavily wooded plots, along a linear pattern complemented healthy mature trees.

6.2. Form and Density

The density and form of development varies across Marton Village. The earlier buildings to the north of Marton including St Cuthbert’s Church and Westside House are sited in generous grounds with a relatively low density of development. Towards the southern end of the sub-area the density increases, with garden grounds and plot sizes much smaller than the spacious grounds of St Cuthbert’s Church and Westside House.

The linear open grained form of The Grove is largely determined by the plot sizes. To the north of the area the pattern of early development was of semi-detached houses on long thin plots with a uniform respect for the building line. The central section of The Grove is characterised by individual detached buildings in substantial grounds on broader plot widths. Front gardens are imposing, often larger than the rear garden, and in places the building is set to the back of the plot. Turning back towards Marton, the south fringe of The Grove once more returns to the building line with individual detached houses. Plot sizes diminish closer to Marton Village and the pattern of early development of semi-detached houses on long thin plots with a uniform respect for the building line is re-established. The low density of building within large plots is a key characteristic of this residential area.

Not conforming to this form is the 1930s cul-de-sac development of South Drive adjacent to Marton Village. The architecture is more modest than previous building but this development of mainly semi-detached housing, on smaller irregular plots, has been included as representing a particular stage of the development of this residential suburb.

7. ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER: MARTON VILLAGE

7.1. Description

Approaching Marton along Stokesley Road from the north, Bolckow’s West Lodge can be seen at the entrance to Stewart Park. This building has significance as one of the two surviving lodges to Bolckow’s estate and reflects the style of the other estate buildings.

Only fleeting glimpses are provided of two of the most important and oldest buildings in Marton, both set back from the busy Stokesley Road which dissects this part of the Conservation Area.

St Cuthbert’s Church is set back from the main road and nestled behind a low stone wall and large burial ground and surrounded by large mature trees which overhang onto Stokesley Road. The burial ground gently slopes up towards the church and the ornate gravestones of many of Middlesbrough’s most prominent families contained within adds to the character of this part of the Conservation Area. The small stone wall surrounding the church yard and lychgate contributes to the sense of seclusion in this part of the conservation area, adding an air of formality and making a clear distinction between public and private space.

Westside House, dating from mid 19th Century, is well set back from Stokesley Road, accessed only by a narrow lane between the burial ground wall and the Westside cottages. The access lane is obscured by overhanging trees and give a sense of seclusion away from the proximity of the busy A172.

The south of the village near the busy junction between the Grove and Stokesley Road is centred on the village green and developed predominantly in the 19th Century. The majority of buildings sit on the line of Stokesley Road, forming a close knit group of buildings. The Grade 2 Listed Captain Cook School House is the most prominent building within a cluster of mainly 19th century buildings at the bottom of The Grove. The building is framed and complemented by areas of open space to the south and west. There are no dominant architectural styles within Marton Village, 12

rather a number of individual buildings reflecting the styles of their period. The only example of architectural unity is the ensemble of 12 mid/late 19th Century workers cottages of red brick and slate roofs to the west of Stokesley Road. The majority of buildings with the Conservation Area have developed in a linear pattern along Stokesley Road although some buildings have also developed around the village green which acts as a focal point for the Conservation Area. Two of Marton’s earlier buildings, St Cuthbert’s Church and Westside House are set back from Stokesley Road and complemented by a profusion of mature trees masking the buildings and typifying the idyllic rural setting which characterised Marton during the 18th and 19th century.

Listed and non-listed buildings important to the architectural and historical character of Marton Village area are described below:

7.2. Key Listed and Non- Listed Buildings

Building Photo/Location Grade Brief Description and Comments 2 The Tudor Gothic Captain Cook Captain school and School House were built Cook 1849/50 by R.C. Carpenter with School and additions in 1884. The building School occupies a prominent corner House position between Stokesley Road and the Grove with grounds to the Junction of front and rear. The building is The Grove modest in form, its striking Tudor and gothic style in dressed sandstone Stokesley typical of the mix of styles and

Road influences within the village. Set back slightly from Stokesley Road, the building is complemented by the open space to the front and the memorial garden to the south. 2 Former Vicarage, rebuilt in the mid Westside to late 19th Century on the site of House the 1702 vicarage. The west wing (Marton dates from 1847 and the rest of the Vicarage) building from 1873. Westside House has a country house feel to Outbuilding 2 it, set back from the main road and s and walls set in large grounds detached from the village core. The narrow access Stokesley lane, gated entrances and Road overhanging trees add to the seclusion of the property. The outbuildings and walls are listed separately.

2* The church is set back from Church of Stokesley Road, and can be St. Cuthbert glimpsed from the main road through the line of mature trees that Stokesley mark the boundary of the original Road churchyard. The quaint Lych Gate located on Stokesley Road provides the only evidence that the church lies behind the low stone walls and trees. The church is set in large grounds and retains an idyllic rural

feel, detached from the bustle of Stokesley Road and to the urban areas to the north and west.

This modest single storey Neo Norman church originally dates back to the 12th century. St Cuthbert’s Church, though largely rebuilt between 1843/48, retains original elements from the 12th/13th Centuries. The building is built from dressed sandstone and lakeland slate roof.

The Church is historically important to Marton as one of its earliest buildings and where Captain James Cook was baptised on the 3rd November, 1728.

A stained glass window within the church commemorates the life of Robert Ridley Kitching; a notable local architect responsible for many of the town’s important buildings.

All The listed tombstones laced Tombstones grade 2 throughout the churchyard, provide (5 separate further insights into Marton’s listings) history.

St.  The Bolckow (grade 2 listed) Cuthberts and Vaughan (unlisted) family churchyard graves, now somewhat in need of repair, can be seen from the Stokesley main road. Road The following tombstones area also Bolckow grade 2 listed. family tomb  Armstrong/Ingledew/Fenison shown tombstone with local historic interest.  Wright tombstone  Davison tombstones (2 separate listings)

KEY NON LISTED BUILDINGS Westside n/a A row of twelve terraced red brick Cottages cottages detached from Stokesley Road by a narrow pavement. Built Stokesley around the mid to late 19th century Road probably to serve Marton Hall, the cottages were formerly part of a longer row of properties including the former Rudd Arms which formed the 19th century commercial core of Marton.

The cottages have small neat front gardens, with long plots to the rear, detached from the cottages by a narrow back lane. This affords the cottages a more urban feel detached from the rural seclusion of Westside House and St Cuthbert’s Church to the north of the village. The cottages also provide the only example of architectural uniformity within the area. Their heavily gabled front elevation and roofline is a distinctive feature of the conservation area.

15 and 15a n/a Two storey building similar in style Stokesley to Westside Cottages opposite. The Road cottage occupies a prominent position on the corner between the Grove and Stokesley Road overlooking the village green

8. ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER: THE GROVE

8.1. Description

There are no listed buildings within this part of the proposed Conservation Area. The East Lodge of Marton Hall is a significant unlisted historic building whose character derives from the Gothic inspired style of the late 19th Century as seen in the remaining stables and ancillary buildings of Marton Hall in Stewart Park. The building predates, and is distinct from, the prevailing suburban residential buildings of The Grove. However, its architectural form sits easily with the early developments on The Grove.

Residential development along The Grove has taken place for over a century. The evolution of The Grove and its distinctive characteristics are considered below and should be considered with reference to map 2. The buildings are more important architecturally for their group value and collective contribution to the character of the area than for their individual design. All the buildings in the first two phases (described as pre-1930) contribute positively to this character whereas in the last two phases it is the plot layout (where consistent with the traditional pattern and/or unaltered) which is of interest rather than the architectural character of the buildings. These later phases have a neutral or in some cases negative impact. Earliest development dates back to 1894 when the area was first designated suitable for housing and subsequently sub-divided into plots. Since then a variety of housing styles have been completed including Mock Tudor, Art Deco and 1980’s suburban bungalows which add to the particular character of The Grove.

Fig. 10a and 10b; Residential development set back within large plots in an Arcadian setting

Several noticeable stages of development occurred during this time, with development separated into five periods;

1. 1894-1914 - Early Development 2. 1915–1929 - Post-War Development 3. 1930-1949 - Initial Cul-de-Sac Development 4. 1950-1969 - Large Infill Plot Development 5. 1970’s + - Modern Infill and Back-land Development

8.2. Early Development (1894-1914)

The earliest development is distinguished by linear development along the length of The Grove, including Marton Avenue, primarily to the north east side of Stewart Park with only a few sporadic detached developments closer to Marton village. Residential development along The Grove itself is typically set within large plots with substantial sized gardens (see fig. 10a and 10b). The architecture typified by the early development along The Grove makes use of exaggerated period features such as distinctive chimney structures and asymmetrical roofing patterns (see fig. 11b).

Figure 11a (left); Use of brick with ‘sprocketted’ eaves. Figure 11b (right); Use of render with elongated stacks.

During the period 1900-14 the Victorian Gothic style of town house gave way to houses inspired by vernacular architecture influenced by William Morris and the Arts and Crafts Movement. A number of larger villa-style houses were built in The Grove during this period; these were constructed in the popular Queen Anne style. Domestic housing influenced by William Morris on The Grove had fairly plain facades and a well-balanced design lacking the extravagant decoration of earlier Victorian styles (as seen in Linthorpe Conservation Area). The ornamentation on these houses was usually restricted to small areas. The large houses that developed on the Grove reflected the social status and the desire for privacy of its upper middle classes. This was reinforced by long front gardens and driveways with buildings set back in the plot. Edwardian houses emphasised the importance of light and fresh air (see fig. 12b). With garden access in mind, many Edwardian dining rooms had French doors, (a feature that was to become standard in houses after 1920). These houses contained some decorative features including elaborate plasterwork on the gable and eaves, fish-scale slates, ridge tiles on the roof, and the occasional timber balcony. A unifying feature in these early developments is the distinctive roof shape produced by the ‘sprocketed’ (or turned up) eaves (see fig. 11a) to the hipped roofs prevalent in the northern part of the area. Chimneys here are often to the gable wall and are exaggerated in height.

8.3. Post War Development (1915–1929)

Post-war development follows a similar pattern of scale and architecture to the previous phase of development. Development spread more towards Marton Village. Housing pattern remained primarily as detached however an increase in semi- detached development is certainly more evident within this second phase. (See below) The inter-war years saw the emergence of a new style of semi-detached house that can still be seen today in the Grove. People buying the new 'semis' wanted their houses to have some of the architectural features of country cottages. As a result, semi-detached houses and their more expensive detached ones were a haphazard combination of architectural details, which could include mock beams, lattice

windows, weather-boarding, pebble-dash and fancy brickwork. ‘Stockbroker’ Tudor and so-called 'Jacobethan' styles were particularly popular (see fig. 12a).

The Grove's inter war semi-detached houses are based on a long narrow strip about 100m long. By this phase builders were ready to provide a brick garage to the side.

Fig. 12a (left) Mock tudor style Fig. 12b (right) Edwardian window proportions with emphasis on light and air.

The Grove has one example of a Modern Movement house from this period (see fig. 13). These houses with their streamlined architecture were regarded as ultra- modern. The typical Modern dwelling had a cuboid shape and a flat roof; the walls were composed of rendered brick painted white. Metal windows and curved glass window panes, designed to catch as much sunlight as possible, were a common element of the style. These dwellings did not prove particularly popular as the white rendering was liable to cracking and needed constant and expensive repainting, while the metal windows rusted fast, cracking the panes of glass. Although The Grove example has been significantly altered in detail it retains the form and materials of the style and is a rare example of such a building within the town.

Fig. 13; Modern movement house on the Grove

8.4. Initial Cul-de-sac development (1930 – 1949)

The third phase of ‘Villa Strip’ development fell within a period of speculative development through the war years. Only one area of development was undertaken within this phase, that of the cul-de-sac to the rear of the Captain Cook School house in Old Marton Village which contains a group of 8 detached and semi-detached houses. The architecture is defined by much smaller scaled development on smaller, more irregular plots. Builders looking for economies used cheaper quality brick, covered with pebbledash or roughcast and cheaper roof coverings.

Bay windows were an important made rooms appear larger and also admitted more light. Builders were fond of decorating windows with square or diamond-shaped lead lights which contributed much to the country cottage effect. This development does not conform to the prevailing built form and plot size of The Grove and though the buildings do not have special architectural interest it does have intrinsic interest as part of the historic evolution of the suburb.

8.5. Large Infill Plot Development (1950-1969)

Development evenly spread throughout The Grove in this phase. Infill housing was typically on smaller sized plots to that of adjacent properties of previous phases. The architecture within this phase of development is varied with examples of art deco design and alternative finishing styles in roofs and windows. In this fourth phase development properties generally reflect the traditional plot layout of the area even if they did not always complement existing development along the ‘Villa Strip’ in terms of architectural style.

8.6. Modern Infill and Back-land Development (1970s + )

Significant increases in the number of properties held within The Grove have been evident within its final phase of development. This has been mainly due to the development of two small-scaled typical 1980s cul-de-sacs which have been excluded from the proposed boundary. A number of original plots have been subdivided to allow infill development. Development design varies considerably with a number of ill thought-out properties and extensions that detract significantly from the historic character of the area. The exterior of these houses tended to be functional and plain. Furthermore a number of back-land developments have been created, again detracting from the original character of the area.

Fig 14a and 14b; Modern developments are small scale and not always sympathetic to the historic character of the Grove.

9. PREVAILING MATERIALS AND LOCAL TRADITIONS

9.1. Materials

The use of red brick and Welsh slate is predominant in a number of historic buildings across the village (see figures 15 and 16) including Westside House, Westside Cottages and Nos. 1 & 2 Stokesley Road. Both the Captain Cook School and St Cuthbert’s church are built from sandstone and, in the case of the school, possibly stone reused from the demolished Marton Grange. The use of brick Fig. 15: Westside House North Elevation: historic brickwork and fenestration can also be seen in the commemorative pediment dated 1879 at the south-west extremity of Stewart Park facing Stokesley Road (see fig. 17). .

Fig. 16 : Westside cottages built from typical red brick and Welsh slate. The boundary treatment Fig. 17 : Commemorative pediment also shows the brick dwarf walls and piers. using decorative brickwork

There are no similar prevailing materials on The Grove. Individually designed buildings made use of a variety of materials. Early buildings are often of red brick and Welsh slate although examples of clay pantile and render can also be seen. Edwardian buildings typically have timber six over one sliding sash windows and ornate bargeboards.

9.2. Boundary Treatment

Boundary treatment across Marton Village varies in design and quality. The most significant boundary treatment in Marton Village relates to the stone retaining walls of the Church and the School and the brick dwarf walls and piers of Westside cottages. The brick walls of Westside House, the historic boundary treatment around both lodges, and the boundary to Stewart Park are also important features.

There is a lack of uniform boundary treatments in the Grove made complicated by the nearness of now mature trees to the boundary. This varies from shrub hedging such as privet or laurel, black hooped railings, close boarded timber fences, dwarf walls with railings, high brick walls and piers, and parkland iron railings. The boundary treatment has historically not dominated the green character of the area. In places boundary treatment does not complement the area’s green character particularly where modern treatments including timber fencing have been used that obscures the landscape features. Historic boundary treatment is not a key feature on The Grove. Where successful, it is understated and does not compete with the green character of the area.

10. NATURAL HERITAGE

10.1. Open Space and Green Character: Marton Village

There are a number of publicly accessible open spaces throughout the conservation area all of which complement key buildings adding to the rural character of the village. The grassed open space of the village green (see map 3) complemented by mature trees around the edges is particularly important as it provides a setting for the Captain Cook School House and a focal point for this part of the Conservation Area. Unlike the more private spaces found in St Cuthbert’s churchyard and the grounds of Westside House, where walls and gates restrict access and reinforce the sense of seclusion, the Memorial Garden is a well defined public space without barriers, open on all sides with seating providing informal public access.

Fig.18: The village green, with the Sanctuary Cross in the foreground, ,provides an important formal open space at the heart of the village complementing key buildings around it.

Other buildings such as St Cuthbert’s Church and Westside house are framed by large private grounds, with mature planting which complements the buildings and adds to their secluded and idyllic character. The trees within the churchyard to the west of Stokesley Road are not currently protected by Tree Preservation Orders. The southern edge of Stewart Park also provides an important setting for St Cuthbert’s Church and the two cottages along the east side of Stokesley Road.

Fig.19: St Cuthbert’s lychgate and churchyard. The low stone wall reinforces the sense of seclusion.

10.2. Open Space and Green Character: The Grove

The main determinant of the green character of The Grove is its trees, mostly protected by individual and group Tree Preservation Orders (see map 3). The formal tree lined avenue and the large number of informal mature trees within the ample curtilages of the dwellings combine to produce a heavily wooded distinctive suburban landscape. The trees also function to provide a wooded backdrop to the eastern boundary of Stewart Park.

On entering The Grove from Marton Village the character of the area is hinted at by species of mature mixed deciduous and conifer trees within the gardens of the houses on both sides of the road. These are a randomly planted mixture of native species such as oak, chestnut, and lime together with various species of conifers such as spruce. This initial approach leads past an area of open space and woodland to the left which allows access to Stewart Park from the south. This irregular area, rising gently towards the park, as well as being of archaeological importance creates a visual break in the built form and contributes to the green with the wooded area of the park in the background. The area is composed equally of open grassed space and a stand of trees extending south from the park. The tree lined avenue proper begins at this point with a stand of four chestnut trees to the right in the grounds of the Scout building.

The ordnance survey map of 1894 shows the eastern extension of The Grove as a tree lined avenue, though undeveloped. This was formally planned as part of the Bolckow development of the estate, though the route itself may be an earlier derivation providing a through route for Marton people when the road through East Marton was stopped up for the building Rudd’s Hall. The later subdivision of the Bolckow estate left these trees within the curtilages of the new developments slightly obscuring the line of the original avenue.

The first phase of the avenue consists of alternate oak and sycamore trees on both sides. Once the avenue turns northwards this leads to a short intermediate section of chestnut trees on both sides (between number 50 and 61 The Grove). From here the

rest of the avenue consists of an unbroken line of lime trees on both sides as far as the railway station.

This formal planting is supported by the variety of informal planting within the curtilages of the buildings, with those to the left of the road particularly deriving from Bolckow’s time and adding to the character of Stewart Park. Varieties include a mixture of native deciduous trees and imported deciduous and conifers including varieties popular in early twentieth century suburbs such as the Araucaria (monkey puzzle tree).

The green character of the Grove is also determined by the setting of the domestic buildings in large plots with substantial landscaped front gardens and long drives. At present, soft landscaping predominates in these vast plots, and this characteristic is important to retain.

A small triangular shaped area of grassed open space is situated at the head of Roseland Drive which together with the adjoining gardens visually separates this modern cul-de-sac from the remainder of The Grove.

11. SETTING

Urbanisation over the last century has had a significant impact on the previously rural character of Marton Village whereas the setting of The Grove has been less affected (see map 4).

11.1. Immediate Setting

Marton Village and The Grove is enclosed by Stewart Park and Ladgate Lane to the north-west, and the railway line to the east with fields with the Ormesby Estate beyond. The wooded character of the hinterland of Stewart Park and of the Ormesby Estate complements that of The Grove. These, together with the open parkland of Stewart Park and the fields to the east designated as Green Wedge, form a substantial buffer between the Conservation Area and the surrounding urban areas. Immediately to the south and partially glimpsed from The Grove are two cul-de-sac developments which do not complement the built form and are excluded from the Conservation Area. Developable land here is constrained to a narrow band north of the cutting of the A194. This cutting, together with the railway line, creates a physical barrier but also reinforces the green character of the area through its trees and grassed banks.

Marton Village, in contrast, does not benefit from such a buffer. To the west and south are the residential estates that make up Tollesby together with the substantial modern buildings of Rudd’s Arms and The Marton Country Club which hem in the village.

The Middlesbrough Local Plan (Policy TR5) identifies a protected transportation corridor between Nunthorpe and the Town Centre to the east of the railway line. The section of the corridor adjacent to The Grove lies within Redcar and Cleveland Council and is being reviewed as part of the Local Development Framework. The setting of the proposed Conservation Area should be taken into account in any proposals for future transport use.

11.2. Approaches and Access

Stokesley Road (A172) is the main north and south access through Marton Village. The road runs through the heart of the Conservation Area linking Middlesbrough town centre with the popular suburbs, small towns and villages to the south and continues on to link with the A19. The road traverses the busy A174 Parkway by- pass running east to west immediately to the south of the Conservation Area. These roads have an impact on the tranquillity of the area particularly at busy times when commuter traffic passes through the Conservation Area. The Conservation Area offers a brief but welcome contrast in built form to the busy modern residential suburbs prevailing on the approach to Middlesbrough along the A172.

There is a great contrast between the busy traffic route along Stokesley Road and the serenity of the Grove villa strip. The Grove provided access to Ladgate Lane and Marton station to the north-east until recently when access to traffic was closed at its northern end essentially converting the whole suburb into a cul-de-sac and contributing significantly to the tranquil atmosphere of this sub area.

The ‘Park to Park’ walk connects Ormesby Hall and Stewart Park through open country and via the Grove. There are also two secondary access points, one pedestrian and one service entrance for Local Authority offices and Tees Forest also open to pedestrians.

12. VIEWS AND VISTAS

A number of key views and vistas have been identified within Marton Village (see map 4) and are described below. These key views/vistas (see photographs p34) look into the Conservation Area and capture the essential character of the village in terms of key buildings and how they relate to their setting.

12.1. Key View 1:

Looking north up Stokesley road with the Westside Cottages located on the west side of Stokesley Road, enclosed by neat front gardens, with the large mature trees surrounding Westside House and St Cuthbert’s Church captured in the background.

12.2. Key View 2:

Looking west from The Grove and into the village core. This view captures a number of important buildings including the Captain Cook School House and the vista is held by Westside Cottages. The overhanging tree canopies, narrow pavements and hedges convey a sense of seclusion especially along The Grove.

12.3. Key View 3:

The view looking south along Stokesley Road captures the rural and secluded character of the village perfectly. The overhanging trees form a canopy around the lychgate hanging over onto the main road adding to the seclusion of the village. The uniformity of Westside cottages is also captured with their neat gardens facing onto to the narrow pavements of Stokesley Road.

12.4. Key View 4:

Looking east down the access track to Westside House, the Church of St Cuthbert located to the left of the photograph and Westside cottages to the right of the photograph. This photograph captures the rural feel of Marton.

Fig. 20; Key views within Marton Village

Key View 1

Key View 2 Key View 3

Key View 4

12.5. Key View 5:

Within The Grove sub-area the views along the formal tree lined road are of high significance in contributing to the area’s secluded character. The main east-west and north-south vistas of this designed landscape are framed by the tree canopy and held by gentle turns in the road (fig. 21). Glimpses of The Grove’s residential buildings can be seen in between the tree layout through drives and entrances.

As with Marton Village the significant views are inward looking with the tree canopy shielding views beyond the suburb.

Fig. 21; Key views within The Grove

The only significant interruption to these views is the service entrance near the east lodge to Stewart Park where signage, though necessary, does not complement the character and appearance of this part of the conservation area.

13. AREAS HAVING A NEUTRAL IMPACT

Neutral areas are those that neither enhance nor detract from the character or appearance of a conservation area but where there might be potential for enhancement. Within the Grove, the Scout hut and Hall set back from the road does not complement the character of the Conservation Area but has a neutral impact. The open space in front of the railway station at the head of the Grove is

uninteresting providing only a functional turning space and also has a neutral impact on the area. Both spaces provide opportunities for enhancement.

14. ISSUES AND THREATS:

There are a number of threats and pressures which presently face the Conservation Area or which could potentially undermine its character of the in the future;

there are no further vacant open spaces with opportunities for development within the proposed conservation area but there is ccontinued demand for redevelopment of large properties and sites for high density residential development which could lead to further erosion of the character of the area. A number of planning applications have been directed towards the demolition of existing buildings and replacement with higher density apartment developments, and the sub-division of plots.

some modern buildings and extensions have not in the past shown sufficient respect for the setting of the main listed buildings or for the prevailing spatial and townscape character. The incremental impact of these is to erode some of the character and appearance of the proposed conservation area.

although protected by Tree Preservation Orders, most of the trees within the Grove are on property boundaries posing management issues for private property owners with regard to both the trees and the boundary treatment. A small number of The Grove’s formal avenue of trees are clearly on the public highway. These trees are all mature, possibly up to 150 years old, and may need planned replacement at some future point if the green character of the area is to be retained.

there is the possibility of a loss of green character due to pressure for subdivision of garden grounds or substantial landscaping of front gardens. The trend towards modern, easy to maintain, hard surfacing for parking could pose a cumulative threat to the area’s green character particularly in the more

densely occupied parts of the conservation area. In Marton Village this could lead to the potential loss of historic boundary walling.

St. Cuthbert’s churchyard is of historic significance and contains the family graves of Bolckow and Vaughan as well as other listed gravestones. These two family graves, of historic significance to the town, have suffered vandalism and tree root damage and now detract from the appearance of the churchyard. Repairs to these graves are likely to be relatively costly. Other gravestones within the churchyard may also present Health and Safety issues and there may be statutory requirements to be satisfied in terms of their stability.

the historic walling of the churchyard shows signs of tree root damage although the relevant trees are very much part of the special interest of the area. There is a potential conflict between retaining these trees and resolving tree root damage to historic buildings, retaining walls, and tombstones.

there has been an increase in traffic levels on Stokesley Road from development as a result of increased commuting from the south of the town and from the towns and villages of North Yorkshire. This increase has an impact on the amenity of the area with further impact on the character and appearance of the area.

15. PRESERVATION AND ENHANCEMENT

The primary objective of the proposed conservation area designation is to protect and enhance the special character of Marton Village and The Grove Conservation Area. It is intended that this objective will be progressed in co-operation with property owners and occupiers, amenity groups and any other interested parties. This will be done mainly through the processes of statutory development control and informal advice and if necessary through the preparation of design guidance. Proposals and Polices to protect and enhance the special character of Marton Village and The Grove Conservation Area are described below in Part 2.

PART 2: MANAGEMENT PLAN

16. MANAGEMENT PLAN

16.1. Introduction

The 1990 Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act places a duty on local planning authorities to formulate and publish proposals for the preservation and enhancement of its conservation areas. This Conservation Area Management Plan puts forward policy statements and proposals to assist in the preservation and enhancement of the Marton Village and The Grove Conservation Area.

The proposals contained within the Marton Village and The Grove Conservation Area Management Plan build on the character appraisal and the assessment of issues facing the area. It is intended to preserve and enhance the character and appearance of the conservation area and assist in managing change without compromising the historic environment.

This will be accomplished mainly through the processes of statutory development control, publicity and through provision by the Local Authority of advice and guidance on new development and alterations.

16.2. Local Plan Policy Conservation Area designation would reduce permitted development rights and the following additional Local Plan Policies covering conservation areas will apply;.

E41 Development in or Adjoining Conservation Areas E42 Designation and Review of Conservation Areas E43 Demolition Within Conservation Areas E44 Advertisement in Conservation Areas and on Listed Buildings E45 Article 4 Directions (Restriction of Permitted Development Rights) These are described in full in Appendix 1.

Further interpretation and guidance of Middlesbrough’s Local Plan Policies is given below in order to preserve and enhance the character and appearance of the Marton Village and The Grove Conservation Area.

16.3. Policies for Control of New Development

DEMOLITION Section 74 of The 1990 Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act provides control over the demolition of buildings in a conservation area. National planning guidance in PPG15 indicates that, ‘The general presumption should be in favour of retaining buildings which make a positive contribution to the character or appearance of a conservation area.’

There will be a presumption for the retention of buildings identified as contributing to the character and appearance of Marton Village and The Grove conservation area. These are identified on map 2 as listed and unlisted historic buildings in Marton and pre-1930 buildings on The Grove. Proposals for the demolition of any building within the Conservation Area will be tested against Local Plan Policy E43 on Demolition Within Conservation Areas.

ALTERATIONS AND EXTENSIONS (MARTON VILLAGE) Proposals for the alteration and extension of any building within the conservation area will be tested against Local Plan Policy E41 on Development in or Adjoining Conservation Areas. When considering proposals for the restoration or alteration of existing buildings within the Marton sub-area of the Conservation Area the use of traditional materials, styles and proportions will be required. Reinstatement of original features will be encouraged as a positive measure to preserve or enhance the character of the conservation area.

ALTERATIONS AND EXTENSIONS (THE GROVE) Proposals for the alteration and extension of any building within the Conservation Area will be tested against Local Plan Policy E41 on Development in or Adjoining

Conservation Areas. When considering proposals for the alteration of or extensions to, existing pre-1930 buildings in the Grove sub-area of the conservation area the use of traditional materials, styles and proportions will be required.

For post 1930 buildings proposals should be in keeping with the prevailing form and such proposals will be tested against Local Plan Policy E41 Development in or Adjoining Conservation Areas. There will be a presumption against alterations to buildings which adversely affect their character and appearance or that of the Conservation Area. Within The Grove sub-area the prevailing form consists of buildings of a large but compact massing on a generous plot and generally following the building line. Extensions should remain subsidiary, to the side or rear, and not dominate the main building.

PLOT SIZE Local Plan Policy E41 on Development in or Adjoining Conservation Areas is relevant to plot size. Also relevant is Policy HO7 on Tandem or Backland development. Historic plot layouts are a key feature of The Grove and important to preserve, and the subdivision of plots that do not respect the historic character of the area will be resisted. Tandem or Backland development in the context of The Grove would therefore not reflect the scale and character of the surrounding area and will not be permitted.

NEW BUILDING Proposals for new building within the Conservation Area will be tested against Local Plan Policy E41 on Development in or Adjoining Conservation Areas. Residential development will be resisted where it would adversely affect the character and appearance of the Conservation Area. Any new development must preserve and enhance the character and appearance of the Conservation Area as described in the Conservation Area Appraisal. It will respect the alignment, scale, height, massing, and materials of the traditional buildings within the Conservation Area. Within The Grove sub-area separate buildings within the curtilage generally do not complement the built form unless ancillary to the main building e.g. detached garages.

DESIGN STATEMENT In order for the local authority to fulfil its duty through the development control process to preserve and enhance the character and appearance of the Marton Village and The Grove Conservation Area sufficient information will be required in planning applications to understand the impact of any new development. Such information should include detailed plans and drawings including elevations which show the new development in its setting. A design statement should also be submitted to support the application showing how the proposal contributes to the preservation or enhancement of the conservation area. The statement should address matters such as context, scale, height, form, detailed design, and materials and where relevant hard and soft landscaping and boundary treatment.

SIGNIFICANT VIEWS Local Plan Policy E41 on Development in or Adjoining Conservation Areas requires that new development should ‘..not adversely affect the significant views into or out of the area’. In determining planning applications the significant views into and out of the Conservation Area identified within this appraisal will be preserved.

TREES Most of the trees within the Conservation Area are protected by individual or area Tree Protection Orders. The Council will require detailed tree surveys of prospective development sites and, where trees are to be retained in new developments, proposals demonstrating that the trees will be suitably protected from damage during construction will be required. The Council will require landscaping, including tree and hedge planting to a high standard. If a preserved tree dies of natural causes, has to be felled due to its dangerous condition or is destroyed illegally by law it must be replanted if specified by the Council. Any replanting should be of an appropriate species which respects the historical context and size of plot. The size, species and location of replacement trees will be at the discretion of the Council.

RECORDING The Council will require an appropriate level of historical documentary research or recording to be carried out when proposals for alteration or demolition will affect the

character or appearance of a listed or historic unlisted building in the Conservation Area.

ARCHAEOLOGY The Council will require archaeological information (derived if necessary from an archaeological evaluation) to be provided by the developer prior to the determination of planning applications in areas of potential archaeological importance identified in map 2.

16.4. Further Restrictions to Permitted Development Rights

ARTICLE 4(2) DIRECTIONS The historic and architectural character of the unlisted Westside Cottages has been identified as important to the character and appearance of the Conservation Area and are sensitive to minor alterations undertaken as permitted development. Alterations such as the installation of replacement doors, windows and porches, the creation of hardstandings and the removal of original boundary treatment can be undertaken as permitted development and would be particularly harmful. The cumulative effect of these together with the removal of other architectural details over time would be detrimental to the character and appearance of the Conservation Area.

The Council will consider further restricting permitted development rights by means of Article 4(2) directions. An Article 4 (2) Direction applies to residential properties only and removes permitted development rights from any part of the dwelling house which fronts on to a highway, waterway and open space. In order to prevent erosion of the character of properties where a degree of high quality original features remains, it is intended to consult on removing some permitted development rights.

Article 4(2) directions will be sought over the demolition and replacement of boundary walls, creation of hard standings, replacement of windows, replacement of doors and porches, the painting of brickwork, the alteration of roof materials and the alteration or removal of chimney stacks.

16.5. Proposals for Preservation and Enhancement

The physical condition of the churchyard and its important listed and unlisted historic structures is poor. The Conservation Area would be enhanced by repairs to these structures. Proposals for the repair and reinstatement of graves in St. Cuthbert’s churchyard, particularly the family graves of Bolckow and Vaughan should be developed and undertaken as resources allow. Such proposals are likely to reflect costs associated with their heritage status and works to the churchyard requires faculty (permission) from the Church of England. It is possible that these proposals may be eligible for Heritage Lottery Fund support and the funding of such proposals should be investigated.

Consideration will be given for Tree Preservation Orders on trees in Marton Village in and around the churchyard.

The formal layout of trees on The Grove are of high significance. The vast majority of these trees are within private gardens. It is proposed that a Tree Management Plan for the Conservation Area should be developed to investigate their condition and put forward proposals for their management in order to retain this significance.

Boundary walls and open spaces which have been identified as important to the character and appearance of the Conservation Area should be retained, and the Council will exercise its development control powers to protect these. New hedge planting will be encouraged as a boundary treatment to reinforce the green character of The Grove sub area where appropriate.

Lamp columns, litter bins, and other street furniture will be designed so as to enhance the Conservation Area.

16.6. Proposals for Maintaining Public Support and Interest

The success of these proposals depends greatly on the extent of public support for the designation of the Conservation Area. Owners and residents will also need to be

made aware of how conservation area designation restricts their permitted development rights and extends the range of statutory controls.

It is proposed to increase awareness among residents and members of the public of the special interest of the area and the implications of conservation area status. This should be accomplished through dedicated leaflets on conservation area issues and protection of trees. This Character Area Appraisal and Management Plan should be published and made available on the Middlesbrough Council website.

17. REVIEW

The Marton Village and The Grove Conservation Area Appraisal will be reviewed within 5 years of designation. The Management Plan will also be reviewed within this period to assess the effectiveness of its proposals in preserving and enhancing the conservation area.

18. LEGISLATION AND GUIDANCE

Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 Town and Country Planning Act 1990 (Part viii) Planning Policy Guidance Note 15 (PPG 15): Planning and the Historic Environment 1994 Planning Policy Guidance Note 16 (PPG 16): Archaeology and Planning 1990 Conservation Area Practice. English Heritage Guidance on the Management of Conservation Areas. English Heritage1995 Conservation Area Appraisals. Defining the special architectural or historic interest of Conservation Areas. English Heritage 1996

19. FURTHER READING

Ron Gott, 1968; Henry Bolckow, Founder of Teesside Linda Polley, 2001; Stewart Park HLF Research Report Peter Rowe, 1998; The Archaeology of East Marton Paul Stephenson, 2000; Middlesbrough; A Short History

Appendix 1: Middlesbrough Local Plan Policies

Middlesbrough Local Plan policies (adopted August 1999) which relate to conservation areas and listed buildings are described in full below.

E37 Demolition of Listed Buildings

In consideration of applications for Listed Building consent priority will be given to the retention and restoration of statutorily Listed buildings. The total or substantial demolition of a listed building will only be permitted in exceptional circumstances.

E38 Alterations, Extensions or Conversions to Listed Buildings

Internal or external alterations or extensions to listed buildings will be permitted where the proposals are in keeping with the architectural and historic character and the appearance of the original building. Proposals will be expected to: . respect the architectural and historic character and appearance of the building by having due regard to the form, scale, massing, detailing, colour and use of materials externally (and internally where internal features are also listed) . respect existing hard and soft landscaping including trees, hedges, walls, fences, gardens and open areas; and . normally relate to traditional plot boundaries.

E39 Changes of Use of Listed Buildings changes of use of Listed Buildings which are in accordance with other Local Plan policies, and which do not detract from the architectural and historic character or appearance of the building or its setting, will normally be approved.

E40 Development in the Vicinity of Listed Buildings

Proposals for development in the vicinity of a Listed Building will be required to respect the special architectural character or historical interest of the listed building and its setting. Development will be expected to preserve the existing architectural and landscape features of the application site where they are considered to form an intrinsic part of the setting of the Listed Building.

E41 Development in or Adjoining Conservation Areas

Development within or adjoining a Conservation Area will be permitted only where the Council is satisfied that the proposed use, location, design layout, scale, materials, colours and other factors contribute to the preservation or enhancement of the character and appearance of the area. In particular, development must: . respect the character of existing architecture by having regard to the positioning and grouping of buildings, their form, scale, detailing, use of materials and quality; . respect existing hard and soft landscape features which contribute to the character of the area, including open space, trees, hedges, walls, fences and surfacing; . normally relate to traditional plot boundaries; . not generate traffic levels, parking, noise or environmental problems which would be detrimental to the character of the Conservation Area; and . not adversely affect the significant views into or out of the area.

E42 Designation and Review of Conservation Areas The special architectural and historical interest of an area will be taken into consideration when designating new Conservation Areas. In particular, regard will be paid to the following elements: . architectural and historic quality, character and coherence; . historic elements of topography, property boundaries, and thoroughfares; . use of characteristic and traditional materials; . character and quality of open spaces, trees and vegetation, and their relationship with each other and with buildings; . archaeological interest and potential; . architectural or landscape features with significant historic associations with people or events; . architectural style, details, layout or other features reflecting aspects of the historic evolution of the area; . landmarks, vistas and panoramas; . extent of loss, intrusion or damage to the character or appearance of the area, and . existence of neutral areas which neither enhance nor detract from the character or appearance of the area.

E43 Demolition Within Conservation Areas Demolition within Conservation Areas will only be approved where it can be demonstrated that the loss would not be detrimental to the character or appearance of the Conservation Area. Where it is clear that the demolition of a building is to be followed by redevelopment, the council will require that the application for demolition will need to be accompanied by acceptable and detailed plans for redevelopment.

E44 Advertisement in Conservation Areas and on Listed Buildings Planning consent for advertisements in conservation areas and on listed buildings will normally only be approved where: . Policy (E51 advertisement) is complied with; and . they are restricted to the ground floor no higher than fascia level. other locations will be acceptable only where the proposed advertisement would not be detrimental to the character or appearance of the building or the area; and . In Conservation Areas or on listed buildings, illuminated projecting box signs, or internally illuminated fascia signs, which conflict with the character and appearance of the building or the Area, will not normally be permitted.

E45 Article 4 Directions (Restriction of Permitted Development Rights) Where the Council considers that there is a real and specific planning threat to the character or appearance of a Conservation Area and that further protection is required it will seek to withdraw permitted development rights under Article 4 of the Town and County Planning (General Permitted Development) Order 1995.

Appendix 2: Schedule of Properties

Properties within Marton Village and The Grove Conservation Area Westside House, (off Stokesley road) West Lodge, Stokesley road 1-12 Westside 1-12,15-16, The Village 1 (Tiny Turners Day Nursery), The Grove Marton Methodist church, The Grove 1-8 South Drive 1 Cleveland Drive 2-100a The Grove St. Cuthbert's Church, Stokesley Road Scout Hut and Hall, The Grove

Appendix 3: Listed Building Text Descriptions

1. CAPTAIN COOK SCHOOL AND SCHOOL HOUSE

Address Building Details: Details: Building Name: CAPTAIN COOK SCHOOL LBS number: 59732 AND SCHOOL HOUSE Address: THE GROVE Grade: II Parish: MIDDLESBROUGH Date listed: 28-JUL-1988 District: MIDDLESBROUGH Date of last amendment : 28-JUL-1988 County: NORTH YORKSHIRE NGR: NZ 515 158 Postcode: TS7 8AB

Listing Text (Not available)

2. MARTON VICERAGE

Address Building Details: Details: Building Name: MARTON VICARAGE LBS number: 59789 Address: STOKESLEY ROAD Grade: II Parish: MIDDLESBROUGH Date listed: 05-MAY-1952 District: MIDDLESBROUGH Date of last amendment : 28-JUL-1988 County: NORTH YORKSHIRE NGR: NZ 515 157 Postcode: TS7 8BG

Listing Text Vicarage, rebuilt in mid/late C19 on site of 1702 vicarage; west wing dated 1847, rest dated 1873. Now used as offices and laboratory. Brick, with rendered west wing. Welsh slate roofs with stone gable copings. H-plan with shaped-gabled cross wings. 2 storeys. (North) entrance front has 2-window centre and 1-window left and 2-window right slightly-projecting cross wings. Chamfered plinth. Central 6-panel door;and overlight with glazing bars, in plain flat surround under scrolled pediment, flanked by narrow sash windows with glazing bars. Right tripartite sash under basket arch on first floor. Left wing has tripartite sash windows, under basket arch on first floor. Brick entablature between floors. 2 stone tablets, in gable, with raised borders and lettering : "HEN ALLAIN 1702", under "C. BAILEY 1873". Right wing has one-storey half-octagonal bay window with flat lead roof. Similar tablet in gable : "H.T. AD 1847". Hip-roofed dormer window in centre. Lateral stacks, with conjoined shafts on wings; ridge stack on right wing. One- storey, hip-roofed, 2-bay left service wing. 2-window right return has paired crow-stepped gables with ball finials. Garden front similar to entrance front. INTERIOR : open-well staircase with turned balusters and newels, moulded handrail and string. Panelled doors in wood architraves. Moulded ceiling cornices in 1847 wing.

Listing NGR: NZ5154815740

3. COACH HOUSE, STABLE AND SCREEN WALL C10M NORTH-EAST OF WESTSIDE HOUSE

Address: Building Details Details: Building Name: COACH HOUSE, STABLE AND SCREEN WALL C10M NORTH-EAST LBS number: 59790 OF WESTSIDE HOUSE Address: STOKESLEY ROAD Grade: II Parish: MIDDLESBROUGH Date listed: 28-JUL-1988 District: MIDDLESBROUGH Date of last amendment : 28-JUL-1988 County: NORTH YORKSHIRE NGR: NZ 514 158 Postcode: TS7 8BG

Listing Text Coach house and stable, mid/late C19. Brick; Welsh slate roof with stone gable copings. 1 storey, 4 bays. Left boarded sliding double doors, sash window with glazing bars and painted sill, boarded door. Right projecting hip-roofed porch with sash window and boarded door in left return. Central half-dormer with boarded loft door and hipped roof. Right end stack with brick corbelling. Screen wall, with flat stone copings, runs between left end and Westside House. Timber and iron outbuildings, adjoining east side of stable, are not of special interest.

Listing NGR: NZ5147515837

4. CHURCH OF ST. CUTHBERT

Building Details Address: Details: Building Name: CHURCH OF ST. LBS number: 59791 CUTHBERT Address: STOKESLEY ROAD Grade: II* Parish: MIDDLESBROUGH Date listed: 23-JUN-1966 District: MIDDLESBROUGH Date of last amendment : 23-JUN-1966 County: NORTH YORKSHIRE NGR: NZ 514 158 Postcode: TS7 8BG

Listing Text Church, C12 largely rebuilt 1843/48, possibly by J.B. Rudd (Tollesby). Vestry c.1920. Dressed sandstone; Lakeland slate roofs. Cruciform plan with aisled nave, south and west porches and north vestry. Neo-Norman style; Early English style north transept, chancel and vestry. Continuous chamfered plinth; slender clasping buttresses and buttresses between bays. 4-bay south aisle has gabled porch in 2nd bay. Boarded double doors, with scrolled strap hinges, under double chevron-moulded head on nook shafts. Chevron-moulded eaves cornice. Aisle windows have roll-moulded heads, nook shafts and continuous impost and sill strings. Corbel table under shallow parapet. Tablet with worn arms on parapet between 3rd and 4th bays. Similar west windows in aisles. North aisle largely C12 with renewed windows and embattled parapet. Similar slightly-projecting west porch, under paired west window in deep segment- headed recess, flanked by slender buttresses. West bellcote has 2 round-headed openings holding C17 bells, under continuous hoodmould and paired gables. Crow-stepped east gable to nave. South transept has paired and single windows with chevron-moulded surrounds, and chevron-moulded gable copings. Largely medieval north transept, has mid-C19 Caernarvon-headed windows in hollow-chamfered surrounds, and crow-stepped gable. Lower 3-bay chancel has lancets and boarded south door in nailhead-moulded arch on nook shafts; hoodmoulds with carved stops. Corbel table at eaves includes 7 medieval corbels 46

carved with stars, shields and masks. Low parapet with chamfered roll-moulded copings. East window with intersecting tracery. Cross finials on porches; transepts and chancel. 2-bay vestry similar to north transept. INTERIOR: Re-cut C12 north arcade, piers alternately octagonal and compound, capitals with flat leaves, grotesques and dragons, and bases with scrolled leaves. An original shaped base at west end. Similar mid-C19 south arcade and transept arches. Chevron and lozenge-moulded chancel arch. Low-pitched nave and transept roofs have kingpost trusses, with moulded purlins, on block corbels. Chancel roof has arch-braced collar-beam trusses, with moulded purlins, on stone corbels; east truss on shafts. C13 trefoil- arched piscina, with dogtooth moulding, in south wall. Pair of mid-C20 Vicar's stalls by Thompson (Kilburn). Good wainscoting of 1914 in sanctuary. Mid-C19 carved octagonal font. West window of south aisle has stained glass by W.E. Towers, depicting St. Nicholas of Myra. 4 windows in south transept, 1903/05 by C.E. Kempe, of Saints Hilda, Elfleda (sic), Cuthbert and Aidan. North transept window of 1911 by W.E. Towers, depicts St. Christopher. East Window, Crucifixion with saints, 1908 by Wailes (Newcastle). Benefaction board in porch. Medieval grave cover, in floor of north transept, with carving of Calvary cross and sword. HISTORY: Captain James Cook R.N., F.R.S., circumnavigator, baptised here 3rd November, 1728.

Listing NGR: NZ5147115877

5. ARMSTRONG/INGLEDEW FENISON TOMBSTONE, C10M EAST OF CHURCH OF ST. CUTHBERT

Address: Building Details Details: Building Name: ARMSTRONG/INGLEDEW FENISON TOMBSTONE, C10M EAST OF LBS number: 59792 CHURCH OF ST. CUTHBERT Address: THE VILLAGE Grade: II Parish: MIDDLESBROUGH Date listed: 28-JUL-1988 District: MIDDLESBROUGH Date of last amendment : 28-JUL-1988 County: NORTH YORKSHIRE NGR: NZ 515 158 Postcode: TS7 8AR Listing Text (not available)

6. BOLCKOW TOMBSTONES, GRAVE COVER AND KERB, C24M EAST OF CHANCEL OF CHURCH OF ST. CUTHBERT

Address: Building Details Details: Building Name: BOLCKOW TOMBSTONES, GRAVE COVER AND KERB, C24M EAST OF LBS number: 59793 CHANCEL OF CHURCH OF ST. CUTHBERT Address: STOKESLEY ROAD Grade: II Parish: MIDDLESBROUGH Date listed: 28-JUL-1988 District: MIDDLESBROUGH Date of last amendment : 28-JUL-1988 County: NORTH YORKSHIRE NGR: NZ 515 158 Postcode: TS7 8BG

Listing Text 2 tombstones, grave cover and kerb, to 4 members of Bolckow family, died 1858-1890. Chamfered red sandstone kerb; grey granite grave cover, and pink granite tombstones with sandstone plinths. In middle of plot enclosed by kerb, a plain double-chamfered grave cover, the top chamfer forming a large facet. Epitaphs : on south face, to Henry William Ferdinand Bolckow of Marton Hall, 1806-1878; and on north face, to Harriet, his wife, d. 1890. At west end of plot, 2 slab tombstones, c. 120cm x 85cm, each with plinth and chamfered Celtic Calvary cross-shaped head. Biblical texts and interlaced "I.H.S." inscribed on crosses. -Right tombstone has epitaph to Mary Drearden mother of above Harriet Bolckow, d.1858; left tombstone has epitaph to Elise Caroline Sophie Hopkins, daughter of H.W.F. Bolckow, d.1862. H.W.F. Bolckow was co-founder of the Middlesbrough iron trade in the mid-C19. Included for historic interest.

Listing NGR: NZ5150915888

7. WRIGHT TOMBSTONE, C40M SOUTH OF SOUTH PORCH OF CHURCH OF ST. CUTHBERT

Address: Building Details Details: Building Name: WRIGHT TOMBSTONE, C40M SOUTH OF SOUTH PORCH OF LBS number: 59794 CHURCH OF ST. CUTHBERT Address: STOKESLEY ROAD Grade: II Parish: MIDDLESBROUGH Date listed: 28-JUL-1988 District: MIDDLESBROUGH Date of last amendment : 28-JUL-1988 County: NORTH YORKSHIRE NGR: NZ 514 158 Postcode: TS7 8BG

Listing Text Tombstone, 1750, to 2 members of Wright family, died c.1750. Sandston slab, 64cm x 76cm, with wavy head carved with angel, flanked by prayer book, hourglass and scrolls. Epitaph in good lettering worn and partly illegible at base, viz: "Here lieth the body of Christopher Wright who departed this life February ye 15th 1750 aged 47 Yrs. Likewise in memory of George Wright ...... ".

Listing NGR: NZ5147315860

8. DAVISON TOMBSTONE, CIRCA 5 METRES SOUTH OF SOUTH TRANSEPT OF CHURCH OF ST CUTHBERT

Address: Building Details Details: Building Name: DAVISON TOMBSTONE, CIRCA 5 METRES SOUTH OF SOUTH LBS number: 59795 TRANSEPT OF CHURCH OF ST CUTHBERT Address: STOKESLEY ROAD Grade: II Parish: MIDDLESBROUGH Date listed: 28-JUL-1988 District: MIDDLESBROUGH Date of last amendment : 28-JUL-1988 County: NORTH YORKSHIRE NGR: NZ 514 158 Postcode: TS7 8BG 48

Listing Text Tombstone, 1780, to 2 members of Davison family, died 1780 - ? Red sandstone slab, c.97cm x 77cm, with scrolled head and hollow-chamfered border. Head carved with stylised flowers above hourglass, flanked by wavy ribbons inscribed: "The last hour" and "is approaching". Epitaph below in good lettering including: "He that lies here was meek and mild his words was soft much like a child that non condemn'd for any sin take then those steps and follow him". Lower part of inscription illegible and continued below ground.

Listing NGR: NZ5147615863

9. DAVISON TOMBSTONE CIRCA 6 METRES SOUTH OF SOUTH TRANCEPT OF CHURCH OF ST CUTHBERT

Address: Building Details Details: Building Name: DAVISON TOMBSTONE CIRCA 6 METRES SOUTH OF SOUTH LBS number: 435527 TRANCEPT OF CHURCH OF ST CUTHBERT Address: STOKESLEY ROAD Grade: II Parish: MIDDLESBROUGH Date listed: 28-JUL-1988 District: MIDDLESBROUGH Date of last amendment : 28-JUL-1988 County: NORTH YORKSHIRE NGR: NZ 514 158 Postcode:

Listing Text Tombstone, c.1795, to 4 members of Davison family, died between 1795 and 1851. Tall red sandstone slab, c.72cm x 120 cm, with raised moulded border and wavy head carved with garland suspended from stylised flowers, at ends. Slightly convex face with epitaph in good lettering, in moulded border. Chamfered plinth. Included for group value.

Listing NGR: NZ5147915859