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Aedes Albopictus and Its Geographical Extension in Algeria

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Aedes Albopictus and Its Geographical Extension in Algeria Participation of the population in reporting the presence, and collecting data for monitoring Aedes albopictus and its geographical extension in Algeria. Garni Rafik1; Benbetka Sihem1; Aouissi Meriem2; Belmadani Mouni2; Harrat Zoubir1 1 : Laboratoire d’Eco-épidémiologie parasitaire et génétique des populations, Institut Pasteur d’Algérie, Alger, Algérie 2 : Biologie department, Université des sciences et de la technologie Houari Boumedienne, Algiers, Algeria Abstract Since its first mention in 2010, Aedes albopictus, or Asian tiger mosquito - an invasive and aggressive species for humans - has spread over a large part of the Algerian coast wilayas (departments) from west to east (Oran, Algiers, Tipaza, Jijel, Skikda, Annaba ..). Even if no case of arbovirosis was reported, the citizens suffered from the nuisance caused by mosquito bites generating sometimes important lesions. In order to inform citizens about this species, raising awareness against the tiger mosquito in terms of physical control, and to involve citizens in the surveillance system in order to map its presence and predict its spread, Institut Pasteur of Algeria used several communication media including social networks (Facebook) as a platform for reporting the presence of Aedes albopictus and lesions induced by its bites. Entomological surveys (nest traps, BG Sentinel traps) are conducted then to confirm its presence and advice is given to citizens to limit its density. A database of tiger mosquito observations was built and used to map its presence and predict potential niches allowing its establishment in Algeria. Objectives To involve citizens in the surveillance and sensitization against the tiger mosquito To built observation database of Ae. albopictus in Algeria using crowdsourcing approach (data provided by citizen) and active surveillance system of ministery of health , To map the extension of Ae,Albopictus in Algeria using observation databases Target the priority areas for vector control by informing the concerned hygiene services Sentinel BG Nesting Taps Material & Methods Traps Data collection Crowdsourcing data collected from citizen notifications on Facebook page and webpage of Institut Pasteur of Algeria : Anyone who has seen, or been bitten by the tiger mosquito, must send their contact (exact location and telephone number) details with photos of specimen (mandatory). Field surveys were realized to confirm tiger mosquitoes from citizen complaints Every complaint sent to Institut Pasteur is transmitted to the departments services responsible for mosquito control, Entomological surveys from the arbovirosis active surveillance system : data from nesting traps, BG sentinel traps, Mapping Ae, albopictus predicted extension: Validated data are integrated into geographical database and coupled with other co variables (compilation of temperature and precipitation from worldclim database) to map the ecological niche of Ae, albopictus in Algeria Ae. albopictus notification Results - A total of 200 observations points were recorded and confirmed over 8 departments in Algeria mainly in Algiers and Oran (west) during 2018- 2019. - Spraying campaigns in the affected areas were organized and held in different localities following the request of the local authorities supervised by Institut Pasteur of Algeria. - Several information campaigns have been conducted in different localities of Algiers and Oran in order to explain to citizens the biology of the asian tiger mosquito, the diseases that can transmit, and how to limit its proliferation and extension. - The observation points collected allowed to build the prediction map of Ae,albopictus in Algeria, using bioclimatic variables (temperature, precipitation) and showed a high probability presence along the Algerian coast and medium probability presence in 02 inner departments. Conclusion Crowdsourcing : a good approach to get rapid and good quality information used in several fields (commercial, economy, health) Crowdsourcing has been used in health: diagnosis; surveillance; nutrition; public health and environment; education; genetics; psychology; and, general medicine ..etc Crowdsourcing is a new field that has been widely used and is innovative and adaptable, Bibliography Wazny K. Applications of crowdsourcing in health: an overview. J Glob Health. 2018;8(1):010502. doi:10.7189/jogh.08.010502 Sakakibara Y, Wada T, Muraoka M, Matsuda Y, Toma T, Yachie A. Basophil activation by mosquito extracts in patients with hypersensitivity to mosquito bites. Cancer Sci. 2015;106(8):965–971. doi:10.1111/cas.12696 .
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