1 Do the adaptations of Venice and Miami to Sea Level Rise offer lessons for other 2 vulnerable coastal cities? 3 Emanuela Molinaroli1# Stefano Guerzoni2 Daniel Suman3 4 5 1Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Informatica e Statistica, Università Ca’ Foscari, Venezia, 30175 (Italy), 6 e-mail:
[email protected] 7 2International Marine Center, Torregrande, Loc. Sa Mardini - 09170 Oristano (Italy), e-mail: 8
[email protected] 9 3Department of Marine Ecosystems and Society, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, 10 University of Miami, Miami, Florida (USA), email:
[email protected] 11 12 (#) corresponding author:
[email protected] 13 ORCID: 0000-0001-6638-0411 14 15 Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. 16 17 Abstract 18 Both Venice and Miami are high-density coastal cities that are extremely vulnerable to rising sea levels and 19 climate change. Aside from their sea-level location, they are both characterized by large populations, valuable 20 infrastructure and real estate, and economic dependence on tourism, as well as the availability of advanced 21 scientific data and technological expertise. Yet their responses have been quite different. We examine the 22 biophysical environments of the two cities, as well as their socio-economic features, administrative 23 arrangements vulnerabilities and responses to sea level rise and flooding. Our study uses a qualitative approach 24 to illustrate how adaptation policies have emerged in these two coastal cities. Based on this information, we 25 critically compare the different adaptive responses of Venice and Miami and suggest what each city may learn 26 from the other, as well as offer lessons for other vulnerable coastal cities.