W a l k i n g a n d D r i v i n g T o u r s

YOUR GUIDE TO THE LONELIEST ROAD IN AMERICA

P o n y E x p r e s s N e v a d a . c o m

P o n y E x p r e s s T e r r i t o r y

OREGON IDAHO TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction...... 2 WALKING TOURS

Wells

A I N R O F I L A C Winnemucca The Town of Fernley...... 4 Elko Wendover To Salt Lake City History...... 5 Battle Mountain The Town of Dayton...... 6 History...... 7 Lovelock Map...... 8 Walking Tour...... 9 Fernley

To Sacramento H TA U Fallon HWY Eureka Reno 50 The Town of Fallon...... 16 HWY Austin 50 Ely History...... 17 Dayton HWY Carson City 50 Map...... 18 Walking Tour...... 19

C A L IF O R N IA The Town of Austin...... 26 History...... 27 Map...... 28 Tonopah Walking Tour...... 29 The Town of Eureka...... 33 N Caliente History...... 34 Map 1 ...... 35 Walking Tour...... 36 Map 2 ...... 42-43 The Town of Ely...... 45 History...... 46 Las Vegas

A N O Z I R A Walking Tour...... 47 Map ...... 48-49 To Los Angeles Ely Outdoor Art Trail ...... 54 Ely Outdoor Art Trail Map ...... 56-57 Nevada Northern Railway Map ...... 58-59 Laughlin YOU REALLY HAVEN'T SEEN AMERICA until you’ve traveled DRIVING TOURS Highway 50 through the heart of Nevada. In 1986, Life Magazine The Pyramid Lake Tour...... 61 dubbed this highway, which follows the original Pony Express Trail The Lahontan, Fort Churchill, through central Nevada, the “Loneliest Road in America.” This stretch and Mason Valley Tour...... 62 of road is also part of the Lincoln Highway, America’s first paved The Stillwater National Wildlife Refuge coast-to-coast road linking New York with San Francisco. It’s just and Stillwater Wildlife Management Area Tour...... 64 you and the road. History, adventure and intrigue. Do you have The Grimes Point Petroglyph Trail and what it takes? Hidden Cave Tour...... 65 Request your “Highway 50 Survival Guide” by visiting The Sand Mountain Recreation Area, any one of the locations listed on the back of this guide, or go to Sand Springs Pony Express Station, PonyExpressNevada.com and we'll send you a “Highway 50 Survival and Desert Wildlife Study Area Tour...... 66 Kit”. The kit contains brochures and maps that detail places along the The Overland Tour...... 67 route. Travelers can have their Highway 50 passport validated in any The Reese River Valley and five of the eleven communities and outposts including: Carson City, Big Smoky Valley Loop Tour...... 68 Dayton, Fernley, Fallon, Middlegate, Cold Springs, Austin, Eureka, Ely, The Toquima Cave and Northumberland Baker, and Great Basin National Park. Validated passports can be Natural History Tour...... 69 redeemed for a Highway 50 pin or key chain and an “I Survived The Ward Charcoal Ovens and Cave Lake Tour...... 72 Highway 50” certificate signed by the governor. The Great Basin Tour...... 73

D i s c ov e r L i f e A l o n g T h e T r a i l 1 P o n y E x p r e s s T e r r i t o r y P o n y E x p r e s s T e r r i t o r y

O R E G O N IDAHO TO TWIN FALLS TO FIELDS TO JORDAN VALLEY TO MOUNTAIN HOME TO ADEL

McDermitt Jackpot Big Spring Denio 292 140 Reservoir Owyhee Denio Jct 225 Jarbidge 93 95 Mountain City New Year Lake Contact 140 White Rock (site)

Wild Horse Vya 293 Wilson Reservoir Charleston Res (site) (site) Quinn River Crossing Orovada

Summit Paradise Valley Jack Creek Lake Chimney Dam Wilkins Reservoir 226 (site) TO PARK VALLEY 140

High Rock Lake 290 Tuscarora Montello

Midas Willow Creek Reservoir TO CEDARVILLE HUMBOLDT 233 ELKO WAS HOE 95 Dinner Station Deeth Wells 231 230 Oasis 789 225 ALT Winnemucca 93 Jungo Halleck Sulphur Golconda 232 (site) 229 (site) Leeville 294

80 80 Snow Water Elko Arthur Lake Tungsten Valmy 766 TO SALT LAKE CITY Spring 95 Creek West Wendover Rye Patch 80 227 Lamoille Reservoir Carlin Gerlach 806 Imlay Mill City 228 229 Battle Mountain 767 ALT Empire Beowawe 400 Lee 93 P ERSHING 305 Copper Canyon Seven Troughs 447 401 Unionville 306 93

Vernon Jiggs Ruby Valley Crescent (site) Valley Oreana bo 278 TO IBAPAH Currie Rochester Goldd AcA e 399 398 (site) (sitsitee

Lovelock Flanigan Shantytown Ruby Lake

Cortez Pyramid 397 (site) Pyramid (site) LagesLa Station Lake Humboldt 445 Sink Anaho Island Sutcliffe CCherry LANDERD Creek 446 80 Nixon ALT 95

TO SUSANVILLE EUREKA 447 CCHURCHILL Straw Dixie Valley 278 395 (site) CALIFORNIA Wadswort 445 95 305 Fer o Sparks W HITE P INE 93 ALT Stillwater 95 Y 16 892 Sil TO TRUCKE 121 hontan Sheckle Spri Gill Reservoir Res ells Virgini 893 t ch 431 Incline te 376 TO Village R TAHOE CITY 429 722 n Crystal Bay UTAH 28 on ALT 5 ) 361 Lake use 95 ON LYON Kingston Tahoe CITY Wabuska Glenbr ewart 839 Potts (site) 6 TO DELTA 395 ALT Zephyr a DOUGLAS BakeB k r 95 Quartz Mtn 488 (site) Stat Minden ace 487 Weed Heights Y 894 Gardnerville Schurz M Duckwater TO GARRISON PLACER 206 88 Ione Artesia Preston Lake 844 Lund Shoshone Berlin Gabbs (site) 823 93 Minerva TO WOODFORDS 395 Smith 379 Holbrook Carvers Jct Wellington 208 361 Hadley Currant Topaz Walker Round Lake Lake Mountain 318 338 e k a L re kla W TO BRIDGEPORT Belmont 6 Lockes Manhattan 95 377 Hawthorne Luning

Sunnyside

Mina TO BRIDGEPORT Adams- McGill Reservoir 359 MINERAL Nyala (site) Warm Springs (site) 375 TO 95 376 LEE VINING 6 6 Adaven 360 95 (site)

Tonopah Basalt Coaldale NYE (site) 6 Ursine Pioche 322 264 773 265 95 Caselton 320

TO BISHOP Panaca 319 LINCOLN TO MODENA 264 Nivloc Silver Peak (site) Goldfield Dyer 318 Tempiute Caliente Rachel 93 E SMERALDA Hiko

Crystal Springs

375 317 TO BIG PINE Ash Springs Lida 266 93

774 Alamo Elgin A I N R O F I L A C Gold Point Scottys Junction Upper Pahranagat Lake Lower 267 Pahranagat Lake

Carp

TO DEATH VALLEY & SCOTTYS CASTLE Rhyolite (site) Beatty 374 TO ST GEORGE Mesquite 15 Bunkerville 168 170

TO DEATH VALLEY Glendale

Mercury Moapa 169 Amargosa Valley 160 Logandale Cactus Springs Indian Springs

Overton

160 373 93 15

Johnnie (site) 156 95

CLARK A TO DEATH VALLEY 158 JUNCTION 157 93 North Mt Charleston Las Vegas Pahrump 147 372 TO SHOSHONE 159 Las Vegas N Lake

Blue Diamond Mead Mountain Henderson Springs 215 160 93 146 TO KINGMAN Sloan Boulder City 95 O

604 Goodsprings 161 Sandy Valley 165 Jean reviR

Nelson Z

15

Primm

TO BAKER Colorado Cottonwood I 164 Cove Lake TO NIPTON Searchlight Mohave

Cal Nev Ari R

95

TO KINGMAN 163 TO BULLHEAD CITY Laughlin 162 TO NEEDLES A

TO NEEDLES

THE PONY EXPRESS TRAIL, The Old Lincoln Highway, surrounding these communities is just as colorful. Side roads and and The Loneliest Highway in America: with a variety of names, highways branch from Highway 50 and lead to destinations like you would think that Highway 50 might have an identity crisis but Pyramid Lake, Fort Mason, Soda Lake, The Toiyabe Mountain Range, just the opposite is true. This route cuts through the middle of and Great Basin National Park. Pony Express Territory, an expanse of Nevada’s most historic and Today’s travelers can walk in the footsteps of miners, cattlemen, picturesque country. gunmen, and the area’s first farmers. They can drive the routes of Pony Express Territory is home to some of the Old West’s explorers, pioneers, American Indians, and Pony Express riders. Pony liveliest towns including Fernley, Dayton, Fallon, Austin, Eureka, Express Territory offers a glimpse of Old West history along with wide- and Ely. Each of these communities has its own story to tell with open vistas and a variety of recreational opportunities. heroes and villains and times of booms and busts. The country Highway 50. It’s more than a highway—it’s an adventure.

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BORN AS A RESULT OF RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION, the City of Fernley was established in 1904 and later developed into an agricultural and ranching community. Today, its proximity to Reno has helped the city continue to flourish. Much of the farmland in the Fernley area was developed as a result of the Newlands Reclamation Act of 1902. The Newlands Irrigation Project established an irrigation system that delivers water to an area stretching from Derby Dam, along the Truckee River, to the Lahontan Reservoir near Fallon. Construction and expansion of the system took place from the initial inception through the 1960s. In 1965, the Nevada Cement Company began operation in a new plant built on the north side of the city between Fernley and Wadsworth. This was the first significant non-agricultural or ranching business to come to Fernley, aside from the railroad. Primary employment in Fernley transitioned to an industrial and commuter base, and areas of agricultural and ranching lands evolved to housing subdivisions in order to support the growing population. Close proximity to Interstate 80 and abundant land for housing made Fernley an attractive alternative to the Reno- Sparks area. Beginning near the established parts of the town, growth moved to the Fremont Street area in the mid to late 1970s, then migrated nearer to the farming areas in the 1980s, and has continued along Farm District Road. Numerous subdivisions now exist along Farm District Road including an 18-hole golf course and a new elementary school. Facilities in the industrial park located on the northeast side of the city include Trex Inc., Allied Signal, UPS Worldwide Logistics (Honeywell), ARE Campers, Johns Manville, and Sherwin Williams.

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OLD TOWN DAYTON lies at the mouth of Gold Cañon on the Carson River. It’s the site of Nevada’s first gold discovery and a contender for being the state’s earliest Euro-American permanently inhabited settlement. After gold was discovered in California, thousands of fortune seekers trekked West. Those following the Carson River Route often camped at the mouth of Gold Cañon (Dayton) while waiting for snow to melt in the Sierra Nevada. In the spring of 1849 frontiersman Abner Blackburn’s pack train camped near Gold Cañon on their way to California’s goldfields. With a bread pan and butcher knife, he prospected the creek bed, finding small quantities of placer gold. That day, his company continued prospecting, finding gold valued at about $10. The following year, 1850, a Mormon pioneer, John Orr, found a nugget weighing 19.4 grams. Nevada’s gold rush was on! Hundreds of miners moved to Gold Cañon, located in Utah Territory. Soon their tent camps became a settlement where Dayton developed. Working their way up the canyon, prospectors struck it rich when they discovered the world-famous Comstock Lode in 1859. Remnants of the rock wall of the 1861 Pony Express station, called Nevada, still stands today. In the same year, Congress created Nevada Territory. The lively town became the first Lyon County seat in 1864. Emigrants, Pony Express riders, Wells Fargo and Overland stagecoaches, and two railroads passed through the fertile Dayton Valley which is also the site of Nevada’s first Chinatown. Due to the Carson River, Dayton flourished as a milling and trade center, also serving as the breadbasket of the Comstock, supplying fresh produce, hay, grain, wood, and charcoal, from its piñon trees. Dayton remained a regional trade center into the 20th Century. Old Town Dayton’s structures haven’t changed much since the late 1800s—it’s a place where you can step back in time.

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1 1865 Schoolhouse Nevada State Historical Marker #262 135 Shady Lane A B Dayton’s grammar school was built in 1865 and used until 1958. 33 In 1880 there were eighty pupils, and it is the oldest schoolhouse in the state still located at its original site. It was later used as the Senior Center until the 1980s. In the 1990s it became Dayton’s Museum. THE C

TOWN

OF

DAYTON East Pike St.

NEVADA

50 Adamson Way Luchetti Way 2 Old Wagon/Carriage House N 130 Shady Lane (private property) 4th Ave. This bucolic barn and wagon/carriage house is one of the oldest buildings in Dayton. Today it is a privately owned garage. K 3rd Ave. 3 Historic Creek

Pike St. Pike Gold Cañon Creek was the site of Nevada’s first gold, discovered at 31 Way Ziller the canyon’s mouth in 1849. Today the mouth is barely accessible O 30 32 due to a sand and gravel pit. Portions of the original creek channel 28 2nd Ave. were partially obliterated by a mining pit dredged in the 1930s. L 1 Logan Alley29 D 26 all s tation (site) Shady Lane 2 4 H ’ S E L 25 Nevada State Historical Marker #200 F Tyler St. 24 27 M This is near the site of Hall’s Station, operated by Andrew Spofford 23 20 21 L Hall circa 1852. The trading post was later sold to James McMarlin 3 22 17 10 16 and called McMarlin’s Station. Miners and emigrants purchased 18 14 Main11 St.12 their supplies here. The exact station location was obliterated by 4 8 L Silver St. I J a mining pit. 7 H 15 5 Early Home

B 5 St. Gates L 400 Cemetery Road (private residence) G Railroad St. Cemetery Rd. Douglas Ave. 19 This residence was built circa 1850. In the 1870s it became the residence of the Stevensons, whose descendants still live in Dayton today. It remains a private residence with an art studio and gallery

River St. business on-site. 6 9 6 Dayton Cemetery 13 Nevada State Historical Marker #233 The original Dayton cemetery was established in the 1850s but after flooding in 1861-62 was moved to its current location. This is one of the oldest constantly maintained cemeteries….known veterans of war (including three from the Mexican War and six from the Civil War), a former governor, and numerous politicians.

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7 Narrow-Gauge Railroad iii Union Hotel, 75 W. Main Street, was built circa 1870 after the 1861 This was the route of the narrow-gauge Dayton, Sutro and Carson hotel, originally located at site “M”, burned. Union Hotel boasted a Valley Railroad. It extended from the mouth of Gold Cañon to two-story outhouse that connected to the back doors of the hotel. Douglass Mill, then reversed itself and extended across the area of Private residence. today’s dredge pit to Six Mile Canyon. Nothing remains today except iv Old General Hardware and Grocery Store, 65 W. Main Street portions of the old railroad bed. This building is currently being considered for multiuse restoration. Private property. 8 Hand-Quarried Building Nevada State Historical Marker #257 v Formerly a Saloon, 55 W. Main Street (private residence) 235 W. Main Street vi Butcher Shop, 45 W. Main Street Built by Chinese laborers, the This 1860s building was constructed with hand-quarried local former butcher shop is now occupied by a business. sandstone. Originally the Birdsall Mercantile, it was later the Wells 12 Pony Express Station Fargo & Co. Agency, then the Bluestone Manufacturing Company. Between the Fox Hotel and the old Post Office you can see a portion It fell into disrepair but was eventually donated to Lyon County in of a freestanding rock wall that is part of the original Pony Express 1984 and restored. Today it is the Dayton Justice Court complex. remount station on this site. This station was called “Nevada”. 9 Old Mill (site) A Pony Express monument dedicated in 2001 is located in a River Street (private residences) parking lot across the street. Site of Douglass Mill, which, in 1869, was converted to a tailings 13 Old Water Ditch mill. Remnants of the mill’s rock foundation remain evident on the Rose Ditch (a.k.a. Chinese Ditch) was hand-dug by Chinese laborers hillside along with Rose’s Ditch (a.k.a. Chinese Ditch). Today, private in 1857 to carry water to Gold Cañon placer miners. The ditch also home sites proliferate in the area. carried water to the Dayton Reservoir and was used until a new water system was installed in 1982. 10 Old Saloon 160 W. Main Street 14 Fraternal Organization (site) Originally the Europa Saloon built in 1885 (first located at site #22), 234 W. Main Street it was rumored to have been one of Mark Twain’s haunts. It was This was the original location of IOOF (Odd Fellows) Hall. moved to its present site in the early 1900s and used as a bar and Later the building became the Druids Hall. restaurant through the years. A bar/steakhouse occupies the 15 ld eservoir premises today. O R The Dayton Reservoir was located at the end of Rose Ditch (a.k.a. Chinese Ditch). Water from the reservoir traveled through 4” wood pipes wrapped with wire to various underground water storage cisterns for firefighting. This system was used until 1982 when Dayton’s new county water system came on line.

16 Livery Stable 15 W. Main Street The livery stable was used in the 1870s and was just one of many located in early Dayton. Over the years this building has contained various businesses, including a florist shop and an antique parlor.

17 Chinatown Locale The center of Nevada’s first Chinatown, where as many as 200 11 Main Street Buildings South side of Main Street Chinese lived, was located in this area starting in the 1850s. Later the area was used as a flea market, until the mid-1990s. This tight cluster of buildings was rebuilt after the July 1870 fire Today the corner has several historical monuments and markers. raged through Dayton. A service station/mini-mart complex is located here. Going from River Street to Highway 50 East (right to left): i Fox Hotel, 95 W. Main Street, was known as the Occidental Hotel 18 China Mary’s House from 1889 to 1907. The smaller building on the left was once a 65 Silver Street house. Multiuse restoration is currently pending. This is the only known remaining structure from Nevada’s first ii Post Office This small building was built at the same time as the Chinatown. Often referenced as “China Mary’s house,” it is rumored 1870 Union Hotel. It was an early barbershop, among other uses. In to have once been the site of a Chinese gambling house and opium the 1950s it became the town post office, which it remained until den. It was placed on the Nevada State Registry of Historic Places in the modern post office was built on Hwy 50E. 1990. Today it houses a business.

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19 Station Master’s House 25 Firehouse/Jail 200 Railroad Street (private residence) 90 Pike Street The Carson & Colorado Railroad master’s house is still on its original The current structure was a firehouse with 1860s wrought-iron site. Also, two doors down is the original section foreman’s house. mail-order jail cells in back. Earlier firehouses at this same location These private residences are not open to the public. were destroyed by fire in 1866 and again in 1870. The current structure was built in 1875. At one time this location served as a Wells Fargo stage stop.

26 Old Church 140 Pike Street This spot was the site of a confectionary and toy store. In 1937 the Yerington Roman Catholic Indian School Church was moved here and renamed Dayton’s St. Ann’s Catholic Church. In the late 1950s the building underwent remodeling. Although a larger church was built, the church still maintains this structure.

27 Early Comstock Structure 60 Pike Street (private residence) 20 Railroad Depot This building features architecture and construction typical of 20 W. Main Street many early Comstock buildings. The front portion was originally a This 1881 Carson & Colorado Railroad Depot was the first station storeroom for the next-door mercantile. Several lean-to structures built on the narrow-gauge line. When a portion of the line was were incorporated into the building, which then became a residence. abandoned in 1934 the depot was converted to a private residence at Eventually a shop was added to the back portion and connected to its original location (near site #19). Around 1954, when Highway 50 the icehouse. East was constructed, it was moved to this present location. It is currently being restored. 28 Courthouse and School (site) 21 1860s Stone Building Nevada State Historical Marker #127 30 Pike Street at corner of Main Street 170 Pike Street The 1864 Lyon County Courthouse was here until burning in This 1860s building was originally M. Meyer and Co., a grocery store. 1909. Legislature moved the county seat to Yerington in 1911. In the mid-1870s it was Meyer and Clegman Hardware and Supplies, The high school was built in 1918, and in 1959 was converted then Braun & Loftus Mercantile. In the 1930s the back of the to the elementary school until the new school was built. In 1972 building was an auto repair, and the front the Old Corner Bar. it was reactivated as a junior high school. It later became the Today it is a dinner house and bar. Dayton Community Center. 22 A Noteworthy Corner 29 Early “Jollity” Saloon The first residence at this location burned down in 1866, and was later the original site of the Europa Bar (moved to site #10). 165 Pike Street In 1906 M. Quilici built a hotel and saloon that became the Quilici This building was the local “Hurdy Gurdy House.” The early-day Mercantile, destroyed during a 1980 fire. It is now a parking lot with saloon provided female employees who danced with customers. a Pony Express Monument. Today the building houses a restaurant.

23 Odeon Hall 30 Historic Church (private property) 65 Pike Street This was the site of the Methodist-Episcopal Church, built in Gold Odeon Hall, built in 1862 by the Odd Fellows, burned in 1866 and Hill in 1876 and moved to Dayton in 1903. It was used until the rebuilt, burned in 1870 and rebuilt to survive today is one of 1950s. Lyon County demolished the structure in 1974. During the Nevada’s earliest saloons and billiard parlors. It was also once the 1960s this area was used as rodeo grounds during filming of The Howe and Gallatin Hardware store. Upstairs, in the Grand Ballroom, Misfits movie. dances and theatrical fare highlighted Dayton’s social life. 31 Camel Compound 24 Medicinal Site Nevada State Historical Marker #199 175 Tyler Street (private residence) 200 Pike Street This was the site of a doctor’s office, a drugstore, and Dr. John Clark Hazlett’s residence. Dr. Hazlett was an attorney, state senator, and The Leslie Hay Barn was built in 1861. Over the next ten years, Lyon County district attorney. A 1907 map noted a post office was camels were corralled at this site. They were used to haul salt, wood, also located there. Today only the house structure, which is a private and other mining supplies to mines and mills in the Gold Hill and residence, remains. Silver City areas. Today it is a business and private residence.

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32 Early Mining Company Office F Dredge Pit 60 Second Avenue (private residence) This dredge pit was started in the 1930s. At that time some homes were relocated to the main part of Dayton. Today it is a partially water-filled This was the location of the Como Mining Company office, and before pit on private property. that the Nevada Mineral Reduction and Processing Company. It is a private residence today. G Earliest Structures Many of Dayton’s earliest structures were built in this area using lumber 33 Mill (site) from surrounding forests, brick, native stone, and locally manufactured The Rock Point Mill Site was the first quartz mill in Nevada. It was lime mortar. destroyed by fires in 1882 and 1909 and then rebuilt. It was closed in the 1920s, then dismantled and moved to Silver City. The upper H Robert Caples Residence area of the site was used as a dump. When today’s Highway 50 East 175 Silver Street (private residence) was constructed in 1955 it bisected the site. Today the site is part Robert Caples was an artist known for his paintings of Great Basin landscapes and charcoal portraits of this region’s Native Americans. of Dayton State Park and has artifacts located on both sides of the Most of his artwork was completed in the small studio at the rear of existing highway. the house. The residence was recently listed on the Nevada Register i Rock Point Reservoir (site) Today it is a tree-ringed area. of Historic Places. ii Cyanide Plant (site) The original location (actually closer to #32) I C&C Railroad Depot is now covered by U.S. Highway 50 East. A little closer to Marker 19 from this location is the original site of the Carson & Colorado Railroad Depot. The depot was relocated in the late iii Rock Point Dam A ditch from here ran to Rock Point Reservoir; no 1950s when Highway 50 East was constructed. The rails in this area were trace remains today, however. roughly where Hwy 50E is today until they curved to cross the river on a trestle just upstream from today’s bridge for Dayton Valley Road. In the *Please note that all sites noted as “private residence” or “private property” are 1880s and 1890s spurs also went to the Douglass and Rock Point mills. not open to the public unless otherwise stated. J Original Rail Yard Road Today’s Railroad Street is the original rail yard road. The depot was on OP THER LacES OF INTEREST one side and the station agent’s and section foreman’s houses on the other.

A Sutro Tunnel K “Ding Camp” (private property) Sutro Tunnel and town of Sutro (private property) In the 1930s, “Energy Relief Society” crews, including laborers with the Workers Progress Administration (WPA) and the Civilian Conservation The groundbreaking for Adolph Heinrich Joseph Sutro’s 3.8-mile-long Corps (CCC), set up an encampment south of 4th Avenue between Ziller tunnel was in 1869, construction in 1872, and completion in 1878. Way and Pike Street. It was known locally as “Ding Camp.” These crews Planned as a highway for transporting ores using water and gravity, built outhouses and worked on public service projects. its only real value was for water drainage. Sutro’s dream of developing a milling center and town never happened. L Firefighting Water Cisterns The map shows the locations of various 500-gallon underground cisterns B Emigrant Trails used for storing firefighting water that came from Dayton Reservoir The map shows various routes of early emigrant trails. (#15). The water traveled via gravity flow through buried (wire-wrapped) wooden pipes. C Lincoln Highway M Blacksmith Shop The route of Lincoln Highway (circa 1913) and the original This was the site of the 1881 Union Hotel that burned in the Great Fire Highway 50 through Dayton. By the mid-1920s the Lincoln Highway of 1870. Later the Silas I Cooper Blacksmith Shop was located here was graded and graveled and in the 1930s Dayton’s Pike Street was (circa 1883). Today the site is occupied by a local bar. paved as part of President Roosevelt’s New Deal program. N Historic House (private residence) D Boarding House 505 Pike Street Golden Eagle Boarding House was built in 1862 and was one of This historic house from the 1900s was formerly the residence of Justice several boarding houses in town. This one once housed 80 boarders. of the Peace Zenas Walmsley. It remains a private residence and is not Destroyed by fire in the 1980s, the site is now a vacant lot. open to the public. O Scott Residence E Early Residence (private residence) 170 2nd Avenue (private residence) 145 Shady Lane This house was moved here in the 1930s when homes were relocated This old residence was built in the 1860s. Miss Bernice Johnson, from the mouth of Gold Cañon. In 1917 Bertha Cliff taught at Dayton’s Dayton high school principal and teacher, lived here. It remains a 1865 schoolhouse then married Will Scott, a bookkeeper for Rock Point private residence today. Mill. This was their home, and after Will’s death, Bertha lived to be 103.

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AT THE TURN OF THE 20TH CENTURY, Fallon was a dusty crossroads between St. Clair and Stillwater. The local American Indians referred to it as “Jim’s Town.” Jim Richards operated his store near Mike and Eliza Fallon’s ranch house and post office, which had been established in 1896. In 1901, President Theodore Roosevelt signed papers that established the Reclamation Act of 1902 to reclaim the land from the desert and settle the west with small farms. Mike Fallon sold his ranch to Warren W. Williams that same year. He proceeded to divide the land and began advertising the sale of lots. Williams laid out the west side of the new town and named the central street after his native state of Maine. Other streets like Bailey, Allen, and Taylor were named for his friends. While Williams was busy on the west side of town, John Oats laid out the east side. In 1908, Fallon was officially incorporated. In 1910, a portion of Maine Street was destroyed by fire. Some homesteaders found work as carpenters and masons as the community rebuilt. Mining was also on the upswing, and others worked to develop Fallon’s rich agricultural industry. In the 1920s, “Hearts-O-Gold” cantaloupes were grown and shipped across the nation. Farmers had a near monopoly on cantaloupe sales in Nevada and northern California and their jumbo-sized melons were of unmatched flavor and quality. Turkeys raised in Churchill County gained a similar reputation during these years, and alfalfa has long been a stable source of income. The city continued to grow but was rocked by earthquakes three times in 1954. The strongest one registered 7.2 on the Richter Scale and damaged many town buildings. Fallon became home to the Fallon Naval Auxiliary Air Station in 1944, providing important training air space during World War ll. In 1972, Fallon became a full Naval Air Station. The Naval Strike and Air Warfare Center was established at the base in 1984 to provide advanced air wing training before actual deployment. In 1995, the Navy Fighter Weapons School (TOPGUN) relocated to NAS Fallon from San Diego.

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1 Woodliff Store 20 1050 S. Maine Street

THE Built circa 1904, this building is said to have featured Fallon’s 95 first bay window for displaying merchandise. Over the years, TOWN 19 the store was moved from the east side to the west side of Maine 21 Street. It was moved to the museum grounds in 1982 from its OF Carson Street location. 22 FALLON E. B St. 2 Churchill County Junior High School 650 S. Maine Street NEVADA The original south half of this building was completed in January 23 1918, at a cost of $75,000. For many years it served as the Churchill

W. A St. N. Maine St. E. A St. County High School. Now a junior high school, the new addition was 18 24 completed in 1995.

25 N. Ada St. Ada N.

N.Carson St.

N.Laverne St. 15 16 17 26 St. Nevada N. W. Williams Ave. E. Williams Ave. 50 14 27 28 13 12 29 Court St. W. 1st St St. Ada S. 11 30

10 31 St. Nevada S.

S. Broadway St. 9 32 W. Center St. 8 33 E. Center St. 35

S.Carson St. S.Laverne St. 7 34 36 6 37 5 38 W. Richards St. 4 39 E. Richards St.

3 awana heater 3 L T W. Stillwater St. E. Stillwater St. 360 S. Maine Street 40 Friday night was a time of cowboy drama and action at the Lawana Theater. For couples, double love seats were located at the end of

W. Fairview St. Lincoln St. 41 E. Fairview St. each row. Built in 1941 by Walt and Ana Hull, its name was created by taking “W-A-L” from Walt, reversing it, and adding Ana’s name.

4 J.C. Penny Co. W. Virginia St. 42 E. Virginia St. 290 S. Maine Street The store was completed in 1949 and served its customers from this 2 site until 1994.

5 Frazzini Furniture Store S. Esmeralda St. Esmeralda S. E. Ferguson St. St. Douglas S. 270 S. Maine Street W. Front St. E. Front St. Built in 1920 of rock from nearby Mt. Toyeh (Rattlesnake Hill), 43 this three-story structure was home to a furniture store. Mrs. Vienna Frazzini cooked many meals in order to feed the stonemasons who came from Dayton, Nevada, and Sacramento, California, to construct the building. Visitors can enter the store and explore the building’s construction.

S. Maine St.

6 Auto Repair Garage 250 S. Maine Street In 1938, Heck’s Meat Company took occupation of this building, 1 44 Tolas Pl. which had been an auto repair garage. Heck’s has continued to serve Fallon citizens with a fine array of meats for over seventy years.

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7 Site of Elementary School 13 Fallon’s City Hall 200 S. Maine Street 55 W. Williams Avenue In the early 1900s this corner was a convenient setting for a school. Constructed in 1930, Fallon’s City Hall is an example of Spanish Former students recalled that the street was their playground Mission architecture, with red roof tiles, bell tower and window and they told of their fascination with the fire station behind grille work. Still in use as the City Hall, most of the floors, doors the schoolhouse. and hardware are original. The building once housed the volunteer fire department. 8 Site of the Corner Bar 200 S. Maine Street (Colonial Bank Drive-Up) 14 Douglass Mansion and Cottage Hospital The blocks on the west side of Maine Street from this site, and north 10 and 22 S. Carson Street to Williams Avenue, were home to most of Fallon’s bars that provided local entertainment. The “Corner Bar” stood here for twenty years Wrap-around porches and ornamental gingerbread help identify before closing its doors, and the building was demolished in the this house as Victorian. Robert L. Douglass built this home in 1904, summer of 1955. the only two-story, Queen Anne Victorian residence in Fallon. Dr. F.E. Nichols owned the Douglass home in the 1920s, and now 9 Fallon Slaughtering & Supply the City of Fallon has purchased the building for use as a meeting 178 S. Maine Street and hospitality center. This building was Fallon Slaughtering & Supply Co. The meat locker still exists in the rear of the building and the original pressed tin 15 Churchill County Telephone Company 50 W. Williams Avenue ceiling is still in place, though not visible today. Churchill County has the only county-owned telephone company in the nation. What began as a telegraph operation in 1889 has evolved into a full service telecommunications company offering the latest technologies to customers in Churchill County and other remote areas. The company’s first office building once stood at this site.

16 County Jail/Sheriff’s Office 30 W. Williams Avenue This stone building was completed in 1906, with rock quarried from the local area, at a cost of $4,477. The 1954 earthquake caused the visible cracks in its walls. The structure continued to be used as the county jail until 1973.

17 Churchill County Courthouse 10 W. Williams Avenue 10 Woodliff Building 126 S. Maine Street 1903 was the year that Churchill County citizens constructed a new courthouse. The neoclassical styled, redwood-sided building was One year after the 1910 Maine Street fire, the building was renovated in 1998 and still serves as a courtroom. constructed with office space upstairs and retail downstairs. In its early years, one side of the building housed a clothing store 18 Benadum’s Block while the other side served as a pharmacy. The upstairs area was 105 N. Maine Street converted to a hotel in 1930. Charles L. Benadum arrived here from Colorado in 1907. 11 Sagebrush Bar and other bars He established a freighting business, stage line, blacksmith shop, 70 S. Maine Street and auto garage on this site. While this 1912 building originally housed a cigar factory, it was later used as a bank, bicycle shop, grocery store and pool hall. The 19 Wingfield Creamery and Milk Producers Associates “Sagebrush” served as a duck hunters’ meeting place for years. 325 N. Maine Street During hunting season, hunters ate breakfast here as early as 4 a.m. Much of Lahontan Valley’s milk production passed through this plant. before traveling to Carson Lake. It was built in 1914 and operated until the 1960s.

12 Williams Building 20 Dodge Construction 70 S. Maine Street (Nugget Parking Lot) 346 N. Maine Street By 1906, Warren Williams had added a second story to his stone This building was completed in 1937. The Dodge Construction business building. Through the years the structure housed, among business was formed in 1923 using the heavy construction equipment other things, a thrift store and a liquor store. The building survived the of the time—horse teams. After many years in business, the company 1910 Maine Street fire only to be torn down after the 1954 earthquake. liquidated in 1967.

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21 Site of the Fallon Flour Mill Co. 27 Jim Richards’ Store 306 N. Maine Street 1 S. Maine Street This building was constructed in 1915, and at the peak of its Richards’ store stood on this site and became the first commercial operation, 12,000 tons of grain were stored here. The building building in Fallon. Built in 1894, over the years the store was was razed in January of 1962. used as an office and later as the newspaper printing plant for the Churchill County Eagle. Richards’ store was torn down in 1936. 22 Kent’s Lumberyard 260 N. Maine Street 28 Eagle Newspaper Building Established in 1892 in Stillwater, Ira Heber Kent family members 42 E. Williams Avenue continue to operate this business. With a railroad spur running through the yard, Kent’s was the center for shipping hay, 1929 was the year that Del and Neva Williams built the red brick cantaloupes and turkeys from Lahontan Valley in the early building that housed their newspaper, the Churchill County Eagle. decades of the 20th century. While the ground floor of the building housed the newspaper office and printing presses, the upper floor consisted of apartments. 23 City of Fallon Water Department 190 N. Maine Street 29 Fallon’s Fraternal Hall In 1939 a well was drilled within Fallon’s city limits to provide 31-45 S. Maine Street potable water to its citizens. When the well was completed, this Built in 1927, the upper floor of this building served as the building was built around it. Today this structure has been enlarged headquarters of the Fallon Fraternal Hall Association and the to house Fallon’s Public Works Department and its mechanics’ shop. following fraternal orders: Masons, Eastern Star, Odd Fellows, Rebekahs, Knights of Pythias, Pythian Sisters, and the Fallon Eagles. 24 ld ost ffice O P O Later, the building served as a skating rink and garment factory. 90 N. Maine Street Built to conform to the U.S. Postal Service standards in 1929, 30 Fallon Theater this brick structure features carved woodwork and marble floors. 71 S. Maine Street This post office served the community until 1978. It was restored Once known as the Rex Theater, this 1920 building has provided in 2007 and contains offices today. entertainment for nearly every man, woman, and child in the county. 25 Fallon’s First School It was later remodeled into the double theater it is today. 76 N. Maine Street Built in the 1880s, this building served as Fallon’s first school. In the years after 1902, the structure was remodeled for use as a saloon, harness shop, shoe shop, and as office space.

31 Azores Store 93 S. Maine Street This clothing store was established by former Portuguese sheepherder F.J. Penque in 1926.

32 Morris and Loring Drug Store 26 raper elf ulture lub ountain D S -C C F 105 S. Maine Street Williams and Maine Street Intersection County residents cured many ills when they had their prescriptions Constructed in 1914, this water fountain was originally located in the center of the intersection and provided water for people, filled at this drug store. Business partners H. Morris and E.B. Loring animals, and automobiles. In addition to horses and mules, dogs opened this Fallon store in 1909. Eventually buying his partner out, drank at the bottom of the structure. In 1930 the street was paved Mr. Loring continued to serve as the store’s druggist until his death from curb to curb and the fountain removed. in 1941.

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33 Churchill County National Bank/Palludan Arcade 38 Kolhoss Cash Store 131-143 S. Maine Street 263 S. Maine Street Financed by Senator George Ernst in 1904, the Churchill County After years of delivering groceries by horse and buggy from their home, National Bank was managed by R.L. Douglass, who built his Victorian Harvey and Nanny Kolhoss built this brick building in 1920. The store home on Carson Street. After one of several redesigns in the 1950s, it became known as the Palludan Arcade. claims to have sold the first pair of Levi jeans in western Nevada. After sixty years, brothers Munsey and Harvey Jr. closed the store in 1984.

39 First National Bank 295 S. Maine Street Constructed in June of 1950, the First National Bank building was one of many new structures that were built on Maine Street during the boom of that decade. The Fred Venth Harness and Upholstry Shop was removed from this site to make way for the modern bank.

40 Hillyard’s Drug Store 301 S. Maine Street After being employed by Olds Drug Store, Ted Hillyard opened the doors to his family drug store in August of 1949. Ted and his wife, Grace, were proud of Hillyard’s Drug Store, a locally-owned business where the owners recognized their customers and welcomed their patronage.

41 Likes Residence 395 S. Maine Street 34 I.H. Kent Store Leo Likes was the last tenant to live at this address. The home was 165 S. Maine Street moved in the early 1960s and ended the era of single-family dwellings When Fallon became the county seat of Churchill County, Ira Heber on the central portion of Maine Street. Kent moved his mercantile business, established in 1876, to this Fallon site. Kent soon replaced his small wooden store with a 42 hurchill ounty ibrary substantial building made of stone quarried from nearby Mt. Toyeh C C L (Rattlesnake Hill). 553 S. Maine Street Built in 1967 with the help of money from the Fleischmann Foundation, 35 Overland Hotel the Churchill County Library moved from a tiny building downtown 125 E. Center Street to this spacious facility. Now, more than thirty years later, the library Constructed in 1907 by Dan Griffin, the Overland was the major is again feeling a space crunch and is planning to expand its gathering place for politicians and miners as well as Lincoln Highway travelers. Guests arriving in Fallon by train were met by horse-drawn present facility. carriage and brought to the hotel. In 1999 it was listed on the Nevada Register of Historic Places. 43 Silver State Construction Site 869 S. Maine Street 36 allon arage F G Andrew Dellard Drumm, Jr. began his Silver State Construction Company 126 E. Center Street here in 1922 as a subcontractor. He built the concrete garage and Built in 1911, the Fallon Garage served the historic Lincoln Highway and local motorists for more than 60 years under the stewardship of warehouse in 1930. For over forty-five years his business provided the George C. Coverston family. Janess Chevrolet conducted business employment for many Fallon residents. It’s now part of the work yards here from 1974 into the 1990s. for the Churchill County Telephone Company.

37 Palludan Block / Gray – Reid building 44 Safeway Store 201-257 S. Maine Street 1050 S. Maine Street First named the Grey-Reid building, this building was constructed In 1957, the Safeway Company constructed their largest Fallon store, around 1914. J.C. Penny, Safeway, Sprouse Reitz, Grey-Reid Store, Fallon Mercantile Co., and others have occupied the north part of but in 1967 they moved to an even bigger location. The building was this block over the years. Still visible on the north end of the purchased by Margaret and Alex Oser, and in 1968, a group of residents building are the words “Gray Reid & Co.” convinced the County to use the building to house a county museum.

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AUSTIN WAS ONCE THE MOTHER OF MINING CAMPS and a flourishing Old West town. William Talcott, an agent for the Overland Mail and Stage, discovered a ledge of silver ore at this spot on May 2, 1862. Talcott came from Jacobsville, a stage stop six miles to the west on the Reese River and the first Lander County seat. He was hauling wood out of Pony Canyon when he made the strike that set off the famous “rush” to the Reese River Mining District. Within two years, at the peak of the boom, there were 8,000 people. Another nearby town, Clifton, flourished briefly in Pony Canyon, but fast-growing Austin soon took over and became the county seat in 1863. Austin miners produced $50 million in silver as other prospectors fanned out to more than forty other mining camps, but Austin outlived nearly all of them. By 1865 Austin was Nevada’s second largest city, and more than sixty mining districts were chartered by Austin-based prospectors. Despite Austin’s large silver production and relative isolation, the town did not attract a railroad until 1879 when construction of the Nevada Central line began at Battle Mountain. The railroad to Austin was completed on February 9, 1880, but by 1887 Austin had hit bottom and the mines closed. The railroad continued to operate until abandoned in 1938. Named after Austin, Texas, the many landmarks in town are a testimony to its incredible history. Walking the streets of Austin, visitors can see eleven buildings and sites that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The town also serves as a base for outdoor enthusiasts. The Austin-Kingston Canyon area offers four maintained campgrounds and outdoor recreational opportunities that include mining, rock hounding, fishing, hunting, and a variety of trails for hiking, backpacking, and ATVing.

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1 Old Depot of Clifton below Austin (site) Austin Rodeo Grounds 1 This was once home to the Nevada Central Railroad and the Austin City Railway. The Austin City Railway ran from Clifton through Austin Reese St. to the Manhattan Mill. Two spurs ran to the mines. The Austin City

Elm St. Railway operated until 1889. The engine was kept by the Nevada Central and ran for many more years.

2 Emma Nevada Home (site) 115 Water Street THE Emma Wixom’s family moved to Austin in 1864, and because of her readily apparent musical abilities, participated in many of the TOWN musical events of the town. After attending college, she toured Europe and debuted under the name “Emma Nevada” at Her Majesty’s OF Theatre in London May 17, 1880.

AUS TIN

NEVADA

5

Court St.

4 3

South St.

Sixth St. St. Water 2 16 2 4 15 14 Virginia St. 3 6 7 3 Old Court House (site) 121 Court Street The original wooden Lander County Courthouse was moved from 8

13 Cedar St. Jacobsville to this site in Austin. It was set on a granite foundation Telegraph St. Telegraph 9 and a stone portion was built for offices. The building was used until 1871 when the current courthouse on Main Street was built.

4 Reese River Reveille Building (site) 121 Main Street Hwy. 50 The oldest continually published newspaper in Nevada resided here. This newspaper published from May 16, 1863 to June 1993. A complete set of records of the Reveille is preserved in the Austin Court House vault and is the only complete run of any newspaper dating back to territorial days. 12 12 1

11 1 Gridley Store 10 Rd. Castle Listed on the Register of Historic Places 247 Water Street Built in 1863, the store was operated by Reuel Gridley. Gridley carried a fifty-pound sack of flour from Austin to Clifton, on April 19, 1864, to pay off an election bet. By auctioning the sack in Austin, Virginia City, Sacramento, and San Francisco, he raised $200,000 for the Union Army.

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2 Austin School 7 Nevada’s Oldest Bank Building Listed on the Register of Historic Places 88 Main Street 130 6th Street Austin has the oldest bank building in the state of Nevada. The Austin School was built in 1925 and was designed by the This bank was under continuous operation from September 1863 architectural firm of George A. Ferris & Son. It is rendered in the until July 1962, nearly ninety-nine years. The building currently Romano-Tuscan mode of the Renaissance Revival style. It housed houses the Austin Library. K-12 until 1994. A new school was built below town and now houses all grades. 8 Old Fire House/Youth Center 67 Main Street 3 St. Augustine’s Church This building was originally a brewery and was converted into a Listed on the Register of Historic Places firehouse in the early 1900s. The bell, originally for the Manhattan 113 Virginia Street Hose Company No. 2, was placed on the building. It was a firehouse Built in 1866 of native brick and stone, this is the last remaining until the late 1950s, then a library, Senior Citizen Center, and now structure of the first four Catholic churches built in Nevada, the Youth Center. giving it the honor of being the oldest. St. Augustine’s has served as the mother church for numerous communities in the area. 9 International Hotel Renovated was completed in 2015. 59 Main Street The International is the oldest hotel in Nevada. A portion of the bar 4 Old Methodist Church/Emma Nevada Town Hall and the east side of the building was the original International Hotel Listed on the Register of Historic Places in Virginia City, built between 1859-60. Dismantled in 1863 to make 135 Court Street room for a larger hotel, parts of the original building were shipped Erected in 1866, the Old Methodist Church played a leading roll in to Austin. the affairs of the community for many years. A famous pipe organ that was brought “around the Horn” and hauled overland from San Francisco, was once housed here. The building is now the Austin Town Hall.

5 St. George’s Episcopal Church Listed on the Register of Historic Places 156 Main Street On Easter of 1877, the Reverend Blackiston raised donations for building this church that included a twenty-dollar gold piece from every employee of the local mines. The money financed the building, a retaining wall, a pipe organ, and the bell. The first service was held February 17, 1878.

10 Stokes Castle Listed on the Register of Historic Places 1 Castle Road Stokes Castle is an exact replica of a tower outside of Rome, Italy, and was built out of hand-hewn native granite. The huge slabs were raised by a hand-operated windlass. The castle was built in 1897 for Anson Phelps Stokes, an eastern financier who had mining interests in the Austin area.

6 Old City Hall/American Legion Hall 11 Nevada Central Turntable Listed on the Register of Historic Places Listed on the Register of Historic Places 90 South Street Austin Rodeo Grounds Austin city government used this building in the 1860s when Austin The Nevada Central Railroad, a narrow gauge, operated from Battle was the second largest city in Nevada. Offices were on the second Mountain to Austin from 1880 to 1938. The railroad was constructed floor, and the police station on the lower floor. The city seal included in just five months beginning in September 1879. The Nevada Central Reuel Gridley’s famous sack of flour. The building is currently the served Austin and the area faithfully for fifty-eight years and was American Legion/VFW Hall. abandoned in 1938 after mining dwindled.

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12 Austin Cemetery Listed on the Register of Historic Places Highway 50/ Highway 305 Highway 50 bisects the Catholic, Citizens, Masonic, and I.O.O.F. cemeteries, west of town. The cemeteries reflect the diversity of Austin’s inhabitants through the years. West of the main complex lies the American Indian cemetery. The four cemeteries of the main complex are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

13 Old Hospital 139 Telegraph Street Purchased by Lander County Commissioners for $800 and opened in December 1875, the County Hospital provided most medical services to the town. In the early years, the doctors resided in the hospital. Later, the hospital also served as a rest home for indigents, then was permanently closed in December 1959.

14 J.A. Crescenzo Mercantile 101 Main Street Originally built in 1863, this building was home to the largest dry goods mercantile in Nevada. Massive shelves and display cabinets dating back to that era are still in use today. A portion of the original tongue-in- groove ceiling has been removed, exposing huge beams typical of many Nevada boomtown structures.

15 Masonic Odd Fellows Hall Listed on the Register of Historic Places 105 Main Street Construction on this building began in 1867 and was financed by Austin’s two lodges of Masons and two lodges of Odd Fellows. The final cost was $17,600, and the building was formally opened on January 15, 1868. The lodge is still used by the Masons, Odd Fellows, and Eastern Star.

16 Lander County Court House Listed on the Register of Historic Places 122 Main Street One of the oldest court houses in Nevada, its cornerstone was laid on September 9, 1871. Its plain design resulted from a focus on sturdy construction. In the early 1880s a murderer was taken from the jail on the lower floor and lynched from the balcony over the front door.

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THE EUREKA WAS SETTLED IN 1864 by silver prospectors from nearby Austin who discovered rock containing a silver-lead ore TOWN

on nearby Prospect Peak. The town site in Horse Thief Canyon 5 OF was surveyed in 1869. The town was originally named “Napias” N. Main St. EUREKA on January 13, 1870. On January 27, when the post office was 6 established, the name was changed to “Eureka.” The town NEVADA became the county seat in 1873, when Eureka County was N. Monroe St. carved out of adjacent Lander, Elko, and White Pine counties. N. Adams St. 31 32 Mining, especially for lead, was the town’s economic 33 mainstay, as the nearby hillsides ranked as Nevada’s second- 30 N. Paul St. richest mineral producer, behind western Nevada’s Comstock 4 3 N. Spring St. 29 N. Buel St. Lode. Eureka overtook Austin in size and mining productivity E. Clark St. 28 during the middle 1870s when the Eureka & Palisade Railroad W. Clark St.9 27 was extended south from the Central Pacific. 2 10 26 By 1878, when Austin had already begun its decline, 25 Eureka’s population reached 10,000 and had taken second place 24 23 34 among Nevada cities. There were dozens of saloons, gambling 22 35 houses and bawdy houses, three opera houses, two breweries, 21 five volunteer firefighting companies, two companies of militia 20 19 E. Bateman St. S. Buel St. and the usual complement of doctors, lawyers, merchants, 1 18 bankers, hotels, newspapers, and other businesses. Fifty mines 11 17 produced lead, silver, gold, and zinc for the smelters, which could S. Monroe St. 12 process more than 700 tons of ore a day. 16 Fires in April 1879 and August 1880 destroyed most of 36 Ruby Hill Ave. 15 the structures in the northeastern portion of town. Many of the 13 Gold St. buildings you see today were erected around 1880-1881. Mining 14 S. Main St. production peaked in 1882 and tailed off rapidly after 1885. By 1891 the major mines shut down. In the early 1990s, Eureka began to preserve its history with the restoration of the Eureka Opera House and then the Silver St. Eureka County Courthouse. These two projects and the expansion of the Eureka Sentinel Museum have helped to make Eureka what it is today. 50

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1 Eureka Sentinel Museum 9 Eureka Café 10 N. Monroe Street 90 N. Main Street Built from locally fired bricks and stone from Chandler’s quarry in The north building was built around 1873. The ground floor was a 1879, this building housed the Eureka Sentinel newspaper until 1960. mercantile store, and the upstairs had offices for doctors, dentists Construction cost was $10,000. The Eureka Sentinel Museum opened and attorneys. By 1907 it was the Zadow Hotel and the south here in June 1982. The museum includes the original press room from building constructed. In the 1920s it became the Eureka Hotel, newspaper days. and in 1942, the Eureka Café. 2 Colonnade Hotel 10 J&S Saloon 90 N. Monroe Street 80 N. Main Street Built in 1880, this building became the Colonnade Hotel in 1886. Later it was a meeting place for the Italian Benevolent Society until Built prior to 1873 by Solomon Ashim, this building served as a 1890. Vacant for almost four decades, the Colonnade reopened general store until the early 1900s when it was a dry goods store around 1940. The building was operated as a hotel until 1999. managed by Flora Morris and her son David. By the 1930s the building became a restaurant and has served as a restaurant and bar. 3 Sadler House 160 N. Monroe Street The Sadler House was built in 1879 by Reinhold Sadler. Mr. Sadler was a businessman, rancher, and Nevada governor from 1896 to 1902. The house has been modified several times and today it is a private residence.

COURTHOUSE

11 Eureka County Courthouse 10 S. Main Street Construction of this two-story brick structure was finished in 1880. 4 Eureka County High School The courthouse was thought to be the finest in the state outside of 200 N. Adams Virginia City. The iron shutters on the doors and windows of this, and Built in 1924 to replace the 1871 school, this building housed grades other buildings throughout town, were to keep fire from the interior one through twelve until 1969 when a new high school was built. of the buildings. It served as the grade school until 1995 when the new one was completed. This building has been torn down. 12 Antiques 50 S. Main Street 5 Stone and Brick Building Built in 1880 as a wholesale liquor store this building became the 200 N. Main Street Eureka Post Office in the 1890s. By 1907 the building was vacant. Built in 1879, this building has served as Tatti’s Saloon. It was also a In the 1920s, the Farmers and Merchants Bank was located here. meeting place for the Italian Charcoal Burners (Carbonari), and The It was an antiques store over the past few years but is now closed. Eureka Coalburners Protective Association, formed in July 1879. These groups figured prominently in the Charcoalburners’ War. 13 Eureka Senior Center 20 W. Gold Street 6 Tognini and Company Building 180 N. Main Street Built in 1880, this brick building features iron columns that were cast by the local Eureka Foundry Company. It has been a grocery and This building was constructed in 1877 by the Tognini Company and variety store, a mortuary, and is now part of the Eureka Senior was the Eureka Billiard Hall Saloon until the 1880s. This was also the headquarters for one of Eureka’s biggest Charcoal Production Citizens Center that expanded in 1996. companies. The bricks used in the front are the same as those of the school on Adams Street. 14 Rebaleati Garage This building has been torn down.

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15 San Francisco Brewery 91 S. Main Street Fire consumed the 1870s wood structure that was the San Francisco Brewery owned by Rudolph Leuzinger. Henry Mau rebuilt the brick building in the late 1870s. After 1900, Frank Brossemer bottled soda in the back part. The Eureka Post Office was in this building from 1941 until 1982.

16 Eureka Post Office 51 S. Main Street This building, built after the August 1880 fire, housed William Zadow’s butcher shop called the Eureka Market. In the 1940s and 50s, Eureka Meat and Groceries occupied the building. The original 21 foley-Rickard-Johnson tin ceilings with floral and bird designs can be seen inside. 31 N. Main Street 17 Eureka Opera House Built in 1879 by M.D. Foley and Richard Rickard, the Remington, 31 S. Main Street Johnson & Company hardware store was located at the northern Built in 1880, this opera house sits on the ashes of the Odd Fellows end of the ground floor. A bookstore, stationary store, saloon, Hall. It was a movie theater in the 1940s, then stood idle until Eureka assay office, and Wells Fargo Express Office shared the first floor. County purchased and restored it in 1991. The Eureka Opera House The Masonic and Odd Fellows Hall were upstairs. serves as a full service convention center and cultural arts center. 22 Eureka Gallery 41 N. Main Street This was one of Eureka’s first banks, the Paxton and Company Bank. The original building burned in the fire of 1879 and a new bank was built. A Western Union Telegraph Office was also added around 1890. The building has been used as an art gallery since 1985.

23 Eureka Merchantile 51 N. Main Street This building was completed in September of 1879 and was a clothing store. The Mau Brothers purchased it in the early 1900s and sold clothing, shoes, books and stationary. In 2008 the building became a clothing store once more.

18 Jackson House 24 Eureka Moly 11 S. Main Street 55 N. Main Street Built in 1877 as the Jackson House Hotel, this building was gutted This building was the city brewery and soda works, which supplied in the 1880 fire and then restored. In 1907 it became the Brown the first beer in Eureka. It has been a barber shop, the Bank Club Hotel and was operated until the 1940s. In 1981 it was again Bar, and Bays Fountain. In the 1970s the building was used as a restored and called the Jackson House. It was remodeled most movie theater and is now the office for a local mining company. recently in 1998. 25 Owl Club Steak House, Bar & Gift Shop 19 Ryland Building 26 61 & 71 N. Main Street 20 E. Bateman There are four buildings on this site, and together they became the This is the second building to occupy this site; Richard Ryland’s Owl Club in 1939. The café was an 1880s saloon. Another section first building was destroyed in the 1880 fire. The building has been was built in 1930 as a handball court. The attached bar was added used as offices, a rooming house, and a restaurant. It is now a in 1957. The Owl Club Gift Shop was previously a saloon. private residence. 27 Raine’s Market 20 Crew Car No. 29 81 N. Main Street 11 N. Main Street Two historic buildings comprise what is now Raine’s Market. This crew car is the only piece of rolling stock from the Eureka & Palisade Railroad left in Eureka. The railroad was completed in 1875 The southern portion of the building survived the 1879 fire and was and insured the permanence of Eureka. The 84-mile line began at F.J. Schneider’s Drugstore for many years. The northern portion was Palisade and was the lifeline for Eureka until the mid 1930s. built in 1879 as a saloon, and after the fire of 1879, became a Today it serves as the Economic Development office. clothing store.

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28 Nevada State Bank 35 Methodist Church 91 N. Main Street 11 N. Spring Street This 1879 building was originally a saloon and the Old Corner Chop This structure was dedicated in 1881 and featured a library, vestibule, House. Around 1912, the building housed the Lani and Repetto and a sleeping area for visiting clergy. The interior had a red fern carpet, Saloon and the Eureka Brewery. In the late 1930s, the Farmers and stained glass windows, and seating for 250. In 1982, Frank and Carol Merchants Bank moved to this site, and has changed names several Bleuss renovated it to become a woodworking shop and home. times since then.

29 Masonic Building 101 N. Main Street This building was built after the fire of 1880 and was a dry goods store, jewelry store, barber shop, bath house, tailor shop, and tinsmith shop. In 1907 it was the Eureka Post Office, and the Masons and the Odd Fellows used the building. The Masons continue to use the building.

36 Saint James Episcopal Church 101 S. Spring Street Built in 1872, this is Eureka’s first stone church. Regular services were held until 1893 and sporadically until the church closed in 1907. The bell at the south side of the church was moved from the bell tower behind the church. The church holds services on a regular basis today.

37 Catholic Cemetery The Catholic Cemetery is one of six cemeteries located on the west 30 Rattazzi’s side of Eureka in Graveyard Flat, or Death Valley as it was known in 121 N. Main Street the 1880s. These two buildings were built in 1880. The southern building was Brown and Godfrey’s Oyster Saloon, Chop House and Confectionery. 38 Masonic Cemetery The northern building was the Knights of Pythius Lodge, a fraternal Across from the Catholic Cemetery is the Masonic Cemetery. Across the and benevolent society. Today these two adjoined buildings are a road behind the trailer court is the Schwamb Cemetery. This cemetery was restaurant and bar. privately owned in the 1870s and 1880s by C.W. Schwamb, an undertaker 31 Al’s Hardware in Eureka. 131 N. Main Street 39 City/County Cemetery Part of this building was built before 1873. It was a two-story until Past the Schwamb Cemetery is the City/County Cemetery. In this cemetery the fires of 1879 and 1880 when it was restored as a one-story and you will find a monument for the charcoalburners who were buried here became the Stone Saloon. In 1946 Albert Biale opened the hardware after they were murdered in the Fish Creek War of August 18, 1879. store that is here today and still owned by the Biale family. 40 Odd Fellows Cemetery 33 Skillman House North on the hill amongst some trees is the Independent Order of Odd 101 N. Paul Street Fellows/Knights of Pythisus Cemetery. It is now known as the Cedar Hills This two-story brick building was known as the Skillman House. It Cemetery. The Chinese Cemetery is across the street from Eureka High was the home of Archibald Skillman, founder and publisher of the School. It has only one grave and no markers. Another cemetery that is Eureka Sentinel Newspaper in 1870. The building was used as an not located in the west side of Eureka is the Jewish Cemetery. It is assay office in the early 1900s. It is privately owned and being located at the south end of Eureka just past the Silver Sky Lodge, on the restored as a home. east side of Highway 50. 34 The Parsonage House 42 Zadow and Morrison House 21 N. Spring Street 400 S. Edwards Street Known as the Parsonage House, this house was built in 1886. The last renovation was completed by Frank and Carol Bleuss who This Victorian-style home was built around 1886 by James Wilson. also renovated the Methodist Church. They converted the house Later, it was bought by William Zadow who owned a butcher shop on into a bed and breakfast during the 1980s and 1990s. It is now Main Street. Around 1910 it was purchased by Dan Morrison who lived a private residence. there for many years. In 1976 it was renovated and is a private residence.

40 D i s c ov e r L i f e A l o n g T h e T r a i l D i s c ov e r L i f e A l o n g T h e T r a i l 41 E u r e k a W a l k i n g T o u r E u r e k a W a l k i n g T o u r

46

THE Reno Ave. TOWN

OF

EUREKA N. O’Neil Ave. Dibble Ln.

NEVADA Nob Hill Ave.

E. Robins St. See map on N. Spring St. page 35 for detail N. Buel St. N. Main St. of this area. N. Monroe St.

N. Adams St. Independent Order of Odd Fellows 40 Knights of Pythisus Cemetery Egan St. N. Paul St. Mathew St. Mathew St. E. Clark St. N. O’Neil Ave. W. Clark St. Sheridan St. Nob Hill Ave. Chinese Cemetery 48

E. BatemanS. Spring St. S. Buel St.

N. Main St.

Ryland St. 43 44 42 Gold St. Vandal Way S. Monroe St. Sadler Ln. Holly Rd. Ruby Hill Ave. Silver St.

39 City/County Cemetery

Railroad Ave. W. Mineral St. Caribou Way Caribou Schwamb Galena St. Cemetery W. McCoy St.

Ruby Hill Ave. 38 Masonic Cemetery St. Carson Carica St. W. McCoy St. Treasure St.45 Prospect St. Catholic Cemetery 37 Bullion St. Silver West St. 46

Goodwin St. 50

Tannehill Rd.47

2 4 43 E u r e k a W a l k i n g T o u r

42 Saint Brendan’s Catholic Church 70 N. O’Neil Avenue This stone church was built in 1874 at a cost of $5,000. The volcanic tuff was quarried from the Chandler Quarry above the west side of town. Saint Brendan’s has served as the areas Catholic Church since 1874.

43 Mary Wattles Home 70 Nob Hill Avenue This home was built in 1883 by Claude Ford, owner of the Eureka Livestock Company. Mary Elizabeth Isles-Wattles, who came to America from Stratton England, bought this home in 1927 and owned it until her death in 1952. At 106 years old, she was the oldest living Nevada resident.

44 Presbyterian Church 71 N. O’Neil Avenue Built in 1873, this is possibly the oldest wood frame church in Nevada. The congregation dwindled around 1907 and the church became Methodist, but in later years served Presbyterians again. The original bell is next to the Eureka Sentinel Museum. Today the building serves as a private craft workshop.

45 General Store 600 S. Main Street Built in 1882 by James Allen, this building was the Ottawa Hotel. In 1886 it operated as a grocery store. It later served as The Richmond Service, a Shell Oil Company gas station in the 1920s, and a Union 76 station in the 1940s. Today it is a convenience store.

46 Slag S. Main Street Sixteen smelters refined ores of the Eureka Mining District. This is the site of the Richmond Consolidated Smelter. Small portions of the smelter, slag heaps, and the ditch for the smoke stack flume can be seen behind the Eureka County Courthouse Annex. The first furnace was built in 1871.

ranch Exhibit 701 S. Main Street On the hill behind the Eureka Courthouse Annex you will see historic ranching equipment collected through the years by Eureka County and the Eureka Sentinel Museum.

47 Tannehill Log Cabin 30 Tannehill Road at Hwy. 50 This log cabin is believed to be the first home built in Eureka around 1865. It later served as Eureka’s first store. It is built of massive pinion pine logs that grew near Eureka before trees were cut for charcoal. It has been modified through the years.

48 Eureka County Swimming Facility 200 Sheridan Street The Eureka County Swimming Facility has been a covered pool since the early 1990s. It was originally built as an outdoor pool in the 1970s. It is open throughout the year.

44 D i s c ov e r L i f e A l o n g T h e T r a i l 45 E l y N e v a d a E l y N e v a d a

ELY IS ANOTHER GREAT NEVADA MINING TOWN, its growth cycles dependent upon the boom and busts so common in the West. Copper was first discovered in White Pine County in 1872. More than fifty mining companies were organized between 1902 and 1907 in the Robinson District. The Kennecott Copper Company began acquiring Ely copper mining companies in 1915. By 1958 Kennecott dominated the local economy and controlled the district's copper mines. This boom lasted until 1978 when 1 White Pine County Courthouse & Park Kennecott closed the mine and smelter. 801 Clark Street With the advent of cyanide heap leaching, a method of The courthouse was completed in 1909. Fifty thousand loads of dirt were extracting gold from what was previously considered low-grade brought in to landscape the Courthouse Park. There was a zoo of native wildlife, including bobcats, badgers, coyotes, and porcupines. A brook fed ore, another boom was on. Gold mines as widespread as the water into a duck pond filled with native cattails. Robinson project near Ruth, Alligator Ridge mine, and Bald Mountain mine 65 miles from Ely, kept the town alive during the 1980s and 1990s, until the recent revival of copper mining. The dramatic increase in demand for copper in 2004 has once again made Ely a copper boomtown. Periodically producing copper through the years, the Robinson District has turned out over two billion pounds of copper. In 1984, the Nevada Northern Railway was gifted to both the City of Ely and the Nevada Northern Railway Foundation, in order to operate a tourist railroad. Today, designated as a National Historic Landmark, the NNRY is more than just a train ride. At the railroad you can actually operate a steam locomotive, or spend a week working on the railroad or a night in a caboose. 2 Requa-Ely Railroad Depot, County Park Recognized as the best-preserved short-line railroad 1000 Campton Street in the United States, it also offers rides behind its century-old Mark Requa realized the need for a railroad for development of the mines, and in 1906 the Requa-Ely Railroad Depot was built. When the first train of original steam locomotives and historic diesel locomotives. the Nevada Northern Railway arrived from Salt Lake City on September 29, Visitors can ride from Ely to the copper mine or across the 1906, a three-day celebration was held and dignitaries included valley towards the smelter. Governor Sparks. The Ely Renaissance Society has financed more than twenty 3 White Pine County Duck Pond outdoor murals and sculptures in the downtown area. Artists from Corner of 10th & Campton all over the world have been commissioned to create images of Built circa 1908. local history. They also maintain a historical village consisting 4 The Bartley House of a general store and several shotgun houses that display the 709 Campton Street history of the various ethnic groups that worked for the railroad E. Weller completed this fine residence in 1909 for David P. Bartley at a and mine. cost of $3,500. Mr. Bartley and his partner, Edwin Gray, are credited with starting the mass production of copper in this area.

46 D i s c ov e r L i f e A l o n g T h e T r a i l D i s c ov e r L i f e A l o n g T h e T r a i l 47 E l y N e v a d a E l y N e v a d a

22 20

THE Avenue A Avenue B TOWN 21 E. 10th St. OF

ELY 93

NEVADA 27

E. Aultman St.

Fay Ave. Fay 23 26 E. 11th St.

E. 10th St. Park Ave. 25 50 24 Great Basin Blvd.

10th St. Avenue M 14 Ely St. 7th St. Lyons Ave. 5th St. 15 13 16 19 Aultman St. 2 Campton St. High St. Clark St. 3 28 18 1 17 4 12 6 5 50 Weber St. 7 11 93 Sage St. 9 10

Mill St.

Murry St. Canyon St. 6 8 50 4th Ave. 93 6

8 4 49 E l y N e v a d a E l y N e v a d a

5 Queen Ann Cottage 12 Ely City Hall 591 Campton Street 501 Mill Street Built in 1910 by George Metzger, the wrap-around porch, Built in 1928, the Ely City Hall once housed the City offices. dormer windows and gables, and gingerbread trim are all original. They are now located at 480 Campton.

13 Rockhill House 438 High Street An excellent example of Victorian architecture, this house was designed and built in 1905 by Charles W. Gaby for Thomas Rockhill. Mr. Rockhill was an early miner who retired comfortably by selling all his mining properties when copper production started.

14 Renaissance Village 428 - 480 Ely Street The street, structures, and environment remain the same as when they were constructed in 1907-1912 in the booming mining camp. Take time to tour these authentic homes and admire their beautiful antiques. Each home depicts a different ethnic culture, part of Ely’s heritage.

6 Sacred Heart Catholic Church 15 St. Bartholomew Episcopal Church 501 Murry Street 7th & Lyons Avenue This church was built in 1906 and Father Michael Curran, who had Built in 1907, this church was designed in the Norman Revival style arrived from Salt Lake City, held the first services. For the next year, popular in England at the time. Selling hymnals raised the money he traveled to Ely by train to conduct services. The first permanent required to build this church. The organ was donated by William priest was Father Sheehan, who conducted his first service on Boyce Thompson and the pews by Tex Rickart. The current bell October 6, 1907. came from a church in Ely, England.

7 Gallagher House 604 Murry Street William Lawrensen built this home on the sunny side of Murry Creek in 1888. W.C. Gallagher lived in it in the early 1900s. It is the oldest residence native to Ely.

8 Marshal House 1000 Mill Street A. A. Marshal built this home in 1907. The residence features unusual leaded glass windows; no two windows are alike. It demonstrates the oriental culture that Marshal explored as a Merchant Marine Captain.

9 Charles Russell Home 133 Sage Street Although Charles H. Russell lived in the Collins Hotel for years, he lived in this house after he was married and before he became Governor of Nevada. 16 White Pine High School 844 Aultman Street 10 Gaufin House 706 Canyon Street Completed in 1913, it is now the White Pine Middle School. Moved from Cherry Creek by train car around 1908, this home looks 17 Ely Art Bank much as it did in 1908. 399 Aultman Street 11 James P. McOmie / William N. McGill House The Art Bank is a Gallery and Cultural Center with a permanent art 606 Canyon Street (on the odd side of the street) collection of painting, sculptures, and photos that depict the Great Basin area and White Pine County. These pieces represent art work Built in 1888, the home was moved from the mining camp of Taylor that spans over 70 years and showcase the natural elements that by owner James McOmie. In 1902, W. M. McGill purchased the people have used for generations to express life in the Great Basin. residence. Dr. Reed J. Anderson raised his family in this house in the Local artists’ work is also on display and for sale. 60s and 70s.

50 D i s c ov e r L i f e A l o n g T h e T r a i l D i s c ov e r L i f e A l o n g T h e T r a i l 51 E l y N e v a d a E l y N e v a d a

18 Economy Drug 24 Central Theater 696 Aultman Street 145 15th Street The drugstore is celebrating their 70th anniversary this year. With a state of the art They opened in 1946. projection and sound system, this theater 19 Ely LDS Stake Tabernacle/Centennial Fine Arts Building maintains its vintage Art Deco style, including 900 Aultman Street extra-large “date” seats Built in 1927-1928, this example of Colonial Revival architecture in the auditorium. served as a church and meeting place for the Church of the Latter Completed in 1939, Day Saints until 1957. Today the local community choir rehearses it is listed on the and performs here, benefitting from the superior acoustics of the National Register of building, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Historic Places.

25 East Ely grade School now David E. Norman Elementary 1001 East 11th Street

26 Wallace / Pittman House 1001 Park Avenue Built in 1908, by Dr. E.L.R. Wallace, this is one of two California bungalow homes built by prominent people in the development of “Ely City.” Later Vail Pittman lived in this house while he was founder, editor and publisher of the Ely Daily Times newspaper.

27 White Pine Public Museum 2000 Aultman Street The museum area includes the old Cherry Creek, Nevada Railroad Station, a pioneer log cabin, mining displays, railroad cars, and stagecoaches. It is now home to a new addition, the Cave Bear, 20 The Watson House 1008 E. Aultman Street whose bones were discovered in a cave in White Pine County. Built in 1906, this craftsman-style home is best remembered as home 28 Hotel Nevada to 7th Judicial District Court Judge, Harry Watson. 501 Aultman Street Completed in 1929, this hotel was the tallest building in Nevada 21 Copper National Bank for almost twenty years and it featured the first elevator in Ely. 298 E. 11th Street Recent renovations to the rooms now feature celebrity rooms with Between 1907 and 1912, eastern capitalists tried to monopolize the memorabilia from some of the stars that have stayed at the hotel. area. They controlled the railroad, the new smelter at McGill, most of the copper holdings, and wanted to control commerce in the town. “Ely City” was their effort. The Copper National Bank was their bank.

22 East Ely Depot Entrance to the Nevada Northern Railway National Historic Landmark 1100 Avenue A This depot was built in 1907 and was the main passenger and freight headquarters of the Nevada Northern Railroad. Located within one of the nation’s most complete historic railroad yards, the depot, grounds, and shops remain hauntingly unchanged.

23 13th Crib Row 200 13th Street Built in 1908 this was one of the two “Red Light Districts” in Ely. Take note of the leaded glass windows.

52 D i s c ov e r L i f e A l o n g T h e T r a i l D i s c ov e r L i f e A l o n g T h e T r a i l 53 E l y O u t d o o r A r t T r a i l E l y O u t d o o r A r t T r a i l

ENJOY ELY'S ELEVEN BLOCK OUTDOOR ART TRAIL telling the story of our historic theme “Where the World Met and Became One.” One can follow the Art Trail starting with any mural or sculpture, but we suggest starting at the White Pine Public Museum with a tour of this worthwhile facility. Pick up a map of the Art Trail, and walk/bike/drive this exciting journey. Continuing on the Art Trail, you will be led to over twenty outstanding art pieces and the signage will unveil our rich history. The Trail includes a sculpture park (be sure to walk the labyrinth), and tromp l’oeil, montage, abstract impressionism, historic interpretation, and architectural murals. The lessons that formed a united community from a variety of ethnic backgrounds have become an ever visible story of accomplishment, pride, and hope.

54 D i s c ov e r L i f e A l o n g T h e T r a i l D i s c ov e r L i f e A l o n g T h e T r a i l 55 E l y O u t d o o r A r t T r a i l E l y O u t d o o r A r t T r a i l

C

BARN 93 SPANISH ITALIAN E HOUSE HOUSE

CABIN F G Parking B MINER’S D SLAVIC GREEK E. Aultman St. A COURTYARD HOUSE HOUSE H I Ave. Fay 1 30 ELY RENAISSANCE VILLAGE GENERAL ASIAN

STORE HOUSE W 14th St.

HOUSE

HOUSE FRENCH ENGLISH STUDIO J 50 N M L K W 13th St. Park Ave. W 9th St. W 8th St. 29 W 12th St.

W 11th St. W 10th St. Great Basin Blvd. Campton St. 28 Ely St. Aultman St. 4th St. 5 7th St. Lyons Ave. 28 6th St. High5th St. St. 2 3rd St. 4 3 27 26 Campton St. 1st St. 6 21 22 Clark St. 7 17 20 23 24 25 12 14 19 9 10 15 18 ELY 2nd St. 11 13 8 16 Campton St.

Murry St. OUTDOOR 50 Weber St. ART Sage St. 1. 4TH OF JULY CELEBRATION (2000 Aultman St.) 93 2. LEHMAN’S ILLŪMINATIŌN (930 Aultman St.) 3. GHOST SIGNAGE MURAL (740 Aultman St.) TRAIL 4. CHERRY CREEK HOT SPRINGS (696 Aultman St.) 5. EPISCOPAL CHURCH COLUMARIUM 50 MEMORIAL PARK (7th and Lyons St.)

Mill St. 6. CATTLE DRIVE (NE corner of Aultman St. and 4th) 93 Murry St. Canyon St. 6 7. BLACKSMITH SHOP (201 High St.) 6 8. RICHFIELD GAS STATION (1st and Aultman St.) 9. GARNET MERCANTILE (363 Aultman St.) 10. ELY ART BANK (399 Aultman St.) 25. IN TRIBUTE 11. GREEK HERITAGE (SW corner of 4th and Aultman St.) (LOCATED AT THE LIBRARY, 800 block of Clark St.) 12. LIBERTY PIT (SE corner of 4th and Aultman St.) 26. COMMUNICATIONS THEN AND BEYOND 13. CLARK STREET MURALS (400 block) (10th and Aultman St.) 14. HISTORY OF THE GOSHUTE INDIANS (485 Aultman St.) 27. PONY EXPRESS (Corner of 10th and Aultman St.) 15. HOTEL NEVADA (501 Aultman St.) 28. MT. WHEELER (1301 Aultman St.) 16. CAMPTON STREET MURAL (400 block of Campton) 29. BASQUE SHEEPHERDER (1603 Aultman St.) 17. WARD CHARCOAL OVENS (6th and Aultman St.) 30. UNITED BY OUR CHILDREN MURAL 18. ITALIAN RAILROAD WORKERS (6th and Aultman St.) (Aultman St. and Great Basin Blvd.) 19. SCULPTURE PARK & LABYRINTH (7th and Aultman St.) 31. ON YOU BOBCATS 20. TRIBUTE TO THE RANCHER (733 Aultman St.) (Highway 6 Bypass and Bobcat St.) 21. BASQUE RESTAURANT REMEMBERED (755 Aultman St.) 32. RENAISSANCE VILLAGE (400 block and Ely St.) 22. PLAZA HOTEL IN THE THIRTIES A. Parking B. Miner’s Cabin C. Railway Track, (700 block of Aultman St.) D. Courtyard E. Barn F. Spanish House 23. WAR MEMORIAL (800 block of Clark St.) G. Italian House H. Slavic House I. Greek House 24. SHOSHONE WOMAN GATHERING PINENUTS J. Asian House 2 K. Studio L. French House (800 block of Clark St.) M. English House N. General Store

6 5 57 N e v a d a N o r t h e r n R a i l w a y N e v a d a N o r t h e r n R a i l w a y

NEVADA NORTHERN RAILWAY

EAST ELY SHOPS AND YARD

NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK W 14th St

W 13th St

W 9th St 50 14 15 W 8th St W 12th St 16 24 W 11th St 23 W 10th St 17 18 19 27 29 30 Great Basin Blvd Ely St Aultman St 21 7th St Lyons Ave 25 26 Campton St 28 20 22 High St 13 12 31 1st St Clark St 11 6th St 2nd St 1 5th St 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 3rd St 4th St 32 50 Weber St 93 Sage St

1. WIG-WAG SIGNAL that was restored on America Restoration. 15. PAINT SHOP 2. GARAGES 16. CARPENTER SHOP 3. VISITOR CENTER 17. AIR BRAKE BUILDING The first floor of the Transportation Building was built in 1910. 18. BLACKSMITH SHOP Adminstration offices are now located on the second floor. 19. MATERIAL STORAGE BUILDING 4. THE EAST ELY DEPOT, built in 1907. The depot serves as the entrance to the museum and ticket office. 20. RIP BUILDING Traditionally RIP stood for “Repair In Place.” Today, it stands for 5. THE BOILER BUILDING, now restrooms. “Restoration In Progress.” 6. THE FREIGHT HOUSE was the first building built by the railroad in 1906. 21. SCALE HOUSE It also served as the first depot. 22. COACH CLEANERS SHED 7. THE FIREHOUSE 23. COALING TOWER 8. THE BUS BARN 24. WATER TANK 9. STORAGE BUILDING 25. ICE HOUSE 10. ELECTRIC SHOP 26. CHIEF ENGINEER’S BUILDING 11. MASTER MECHANIC and STOREROOM BUILDING 27. ASHPIT 12. PIPE SHOP 28. TOFC RAMP 13. MACHINE SHOP and ENGINEHOUSE BUILDING The locomotives of the railroad have been repaired and stored in 29. SPEEDER SHEDS this building since 1907. 30. CARMEN’S SHED 14. WRECKER SHED 31. SPEEDER SHEDS 32. SWITCHMAN'S SHANTY

8 5 59 D r i v i n g T o u r s

Pyramid Lake

Nixon

The Pyramid Lake Tour 447

95ALT 80 Fernley

80 ALT 95ALT 50

The Pyramid Lake Tour This tour highlights Pyramid Lake. Distance and Road Conditions From downtown Fernley, the trip is around 92 miles round trip. The total driving time is about 3 hours plus time spent at Pyramid Lake. The trip is mostly on paved roads, and any gravel roads are well maintained. Directions To Pyramid Lake Area • Start at Fernley and take Commerce Way/E. Main St/US 40/US 50 • Follow Commerce Way/US 40 to NV 427 • Continue for approximately 45.8 miles on NV 427 north to the town of Nixon • Arrive at Pyramid Lake Return to Fernley Description Pyramid Lake is approximately 188 square miles in size, making it one of the largest lakes in the United States. It’s fed by the Truckee River and has no outlet, with water leaving only by evaporation or sub-surface seepage. The name comes from the impressive tufa formations nearby. The largest such formation, Anaho Island, is home to a large colony of American White Pelicans and is highly restricted for ecological reasons. Major fish species include the cui-ui lakesucker, the Tui chub and Lahontan cutthroat trout. The world record cutthroat trout was caught in Pyramid Lake. The Paiute Indian tribe were the first inhabitants of this area, and the lake is now completely within the Pyramid Lake Indian Reservation. Pyramid Lake is also a part of the National Scenic Byways Program, and the only byway in the country that is entirely within a tribal reservation. Visitors can learn more about the lake’s history and the Paiute Indian tribe at the Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe Museum and Visitors Center. Exhibits at the multi-purpose museum describe the tribe’s history and culture and offer insight into why the Paiute people hold the lake and its surrounding landscape so sacred. Other displays focus on Pyramid Lake’s natural history and the many creatures that make the lake their home. Visitors can also purchase permits for an assortment of recreational pursuits, including camping, boating, fishing, and daily-use passes. The museum also provides important information about the lake’s recreational policies.

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To Fort Churchill State Historic Park • From Lahontan State Recreation Area, head south toward E. Fir Street 0.3 miles • Take a slight right at E. Fir Street and go 1.6 miles Silver Springs • Turn left at Commerce Way / US 95 / US 95A N 50 95ALT • Continue to follow US 95A N for 5.2 miles The Lahontan, • Turn right at Fort Churchill Road and travel 0.8 miles Lahontan State Fort Churchill Recreation Area Fort Churchill, State • Take a slight left at Fort Churchill State Monument road and go 0.2 and Mason Historic Park miles • There is a slight right to stay on Fort Churchill State Monument Valley Tour Dayton road, continue for 0.2 miles • Fort Churchill State Historic Park will be on the right To Mason Valley Wildlife Management Area • From Fort Churchill State Historic Park, head east on Fort Churchill State Monument road for 0.4 miles • Take a slight right at Fort Churchill Road and travel 0.8 miles Mason Valley Wildlife • Turn right at Commerce Way / US 95 / US 95A N and continue to Management Area follow US 95 for 18.8 miles • Turn left at Miller Lane and go 2.7 miles • Turn left at Lux Lane and go 167 feet to arrive at Mason Valley Wildlife Management Area Return to Dayton • From Mason Valley Wildlife Management, head 167 feet southwest on Lux Lane to Miller Lane • Turn right at Miller Lane and travel 2.7 miles • Turn right at US 95 / US 95A N and continue to follow US 95 for 26.9 miles • Turn left at US 50 and go 23.8 miles until you arrive in Dayton Description Lahontan Dam and reservoir are part of the Newlands Project, one of the first irrigation projects following passage of the Reclamation Act of June 17, 1902. The project diverts and stores water from the Truckee and Carson River Basins to irrigate lands near Fallon and it also produces hydroelectric power. The reservoir was named after the Ancient Lake Lahontan that covered over 8,500 square miles of the western Great Basin during the Ice Age. The lake The Lahontan, Fort Churchill, and Mason Valley Tour features boat ramps, wide sunny beaches, and fishing. Wild horses, This tour highlights the Lahontan State Recreation Area, bobcat, coyote, fox and deer share the park with a variety of birds Fort Churchill State Historic Park, and Mason Valley Wildlife and migratory waterfowl. Management Area. Built in 1861, Fort Churchill was once an active U.S. Army fort that provided protection for early settlers. The Pony Express and the Distance and Road Conditions Overland Telegraph also passed through this area. There are 4,461 From downtown Dayton, the tour is around 115.2 miles round trip. The acres to explore and it is one of seven national historic landmarks in total trip time is about 3 hours plus time spent at each stop. the state of Nevada. A visitor center displays information and artifacts of the fort’s history. Nearby is Buckland Station, a Pony The tour is mostly on paved roads, and any gravel roads are well Express stop, supply center, and former hotel built in 1870. Facilities maintained. at Fort Churchill State Historic Park include trails, a campground, Directions picnic area, group-use area and access to the Carson River. From desert shrublands to wet meadows, Mason Valley Wildlife To Lahontan State Recreation Area Management Area supports an abundance of fish and wildlife. • Begin the tour from downtown Dayton Numerous wet meadows and ponds dot the landscape, attracting • Take US 50 East towards Fallon and travel 23.8 miles ducks, geese, swan, songbirds and wading birds. The deep waters of • Turn right at Commerce Way / US 95 / US 95A N (Silver Springs) the North Pond reservoir are home to fish, osprey and pelicans. The and go 2.9 miles surrounding area and desert scrub gives shelter to many animals • Turn left at Fir Street and travel 1.6 miles including raccoon and mule deer. There are six bodies of water: • Slight left at Lahontan State Recreation Area. In 0.3 miles, it will Hinkson Slough, North Pond, Bass Pond, Crappie Pond and Walker be on the right River. Camping sites are also available with campfire pits.

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The Grimes Stillwater National Point and Wildlife Refuge 116 Sand Mountain 95 The Stillwater Tours Fallon Stillwater National 50 Wildlife Refuge National 95 Grimes Point Petroglyph Trail/ 116 Wildlife Refuge Hidden Cave

Fallon Tour 50 95 Grimes Point Petroglyph Trail/ Hidden Cave Sand Mountain Recreation Area

Sand Springs Pony Express Station Sand Mountain Recreation Area

Sand Springs Pony Express Station

The Stillwater National Wildlife Refuge and Stillwater The Grimes Point Petroglyph Trail and Hidden Cave Tour This tour highlights the Grimes Point Petroglyph Trail and Wildlife Management Area Tour Hidden Cave areas. This tour highlights the Stillwater National Wildlife Refuge and Stillwater Wildlife Management Area. Distance and Road Conditions From downtown Fallon, the tour is around 22 miles round trip and Distance and Road Conditions the total time is about a 1/2 hour plus time spent at each stop. From downtown Fallon, the tour is around 30 miles round trip to The tour is mostly on paved roads and any gravel roads are well the entrance, and the total distance is dependent on the routes maintained. taken. The trip time is about one hour plus time spent at each stop. The tour is mostly on paved roads and any gravel roads are Directions well maintained. To Grimes Point Petroglyph Trail • Take US 50 east for 10.9 miles Directions • Turn at the Grimes Point Petroglyph Trail entrance on the left side To Stillwater National Wildlife Refuge and Stillwater Wildlife of the highway Management Area To Hidden Cave • Begin the tour from downtown Fallon Hidden Cave is closed to the public except on the second and fourth • Take US 50 west for 4.7 miles Saturday of every month when the BLM offers FREE tours to the public • Turn left on NV 116 / Stillwater Road that begin at the Churchill County Museum at 9 a.m. with an historical • Travel 8.3 miles to Stillwater overview, then a caravan out to the cave. Return to Fallon • From Grimes Point Petroglyph Trail entrance, travel northeast down • Travel 8.3 miles from Stillwater. the gravel road for about 1.2 miles • Turn right on NV 116 / Stillwater Road • The trail to Hidden Cave will be on the left • Take US 50 west for 4.7 miles to Fallon Return to Fallon Description • Travel 1.2 miles back to US 50 • Take US 50 west for 10.9 miles to Fallon The Stillwater National Wildlife Refuge wetlands are well-known to Description birders, as this area has been designated a site of international American Indians first visited Grimes Point over 8,000 years ago. importance by the Western Hemispheric Shorebird Reserve Network Today, archaeologists studying Grimes Point examine the clues left by because of the hundreds of thousands of shorebirds that pass those early visitors including pieces of bone, discarded shells, stone through during migration. Also listed as a “Globally Important Bird scrapers, bits of tule matting, or the many petroglyphs (rock art) Area” by the American Bird Conservancy, more than 280 species have that can be seen along the trail. The Grimes Point Archaeological been sighted in the area. These diverse wetlands attract more than a Area contains two interpretive trails. The Petroglyph Trail is a short quarter million waterfowl, as well as over 20,000 other water birds. trail through a boulder field. The longer Hidden Cave Trail provides The diverse habitats of Stillwater National Wildlife Refuge offer a access to petroglyphs, rock shelters, and geological features. A variety of bird watching and wildlife observation. There is a new tour Grimes Point Petroglyph Trail brochure is available to guide hikers loop, interpretive and orientation signs as well as a number of and describes each stop. There is also a handicap-accessible restroom comfort stations. and picnic facilities at the site.

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Soda Lake

50 95 50 The Overland Pioneer Road Soda Lake Road Diversion Loop Tour Dam McLean Fallon Lattin Farms Overland Hotel Sheckler Road The Sand Mountain Recreation Area/Sand Springs Pony 95 Express Station/Desert Wildlife Study Area Tour This tour highlights the Sand Springs Pony Express Station/Desert Wildlife Study Area at the entrance to Sand Mountain Recreation Area, and then continues to Sand Mountain. Distance and Road Conditions From downtown Fallon, the tour is around 55.6 miles round trip and the total time is about one hour and ten minutes plus time spent at each stop. The tour is mostly on paved roads and any gravel roads are well maintained. Directions To Sand Springs Pony Express Station/Desert Wildlife Study The Overland Loop Tour • Take US 50 east for 27.8 miles This tour highlights the Overland Hotel on the old Lincoln Highway, • Turn at the Sand Mountain entrance on the left side of the highway Lattin Farms, Soda Lakes, and Pioneer Trail. • The Sand Springs Pony Express Station/Desert Wildlife Study area is Distance and Road Conditions on the left From downtown Fallon, the tour is 33 miles round trip. The total trip To Sand Mountain Recreation Area time depends on how long you stay at each stop. The tour is mostly • From Sand Springs Pony Express Station/Desert Wildlife Study, on paved roads, and any gravel roads are well maintained. travel northeast about 2.2 miles down the sand/gravel road • Arrive at camping area Directions • Begin the tour at Williams Avenue and Maine Street Return to Fallon • Go 0.1 mile south to Center Street, then travel 0.1 mile east to the • Travel 2.2 miles back to US 50 Overland Hotel • Take US 50 west for 27.8 miles to Fallon • Go 0.1 mile west back to Maine Street, then go 1.0 mile south on Description Maine Street to Wildes Road / Sheckler Road Sand Mountain Managed by the U. S. Department of the Interior, • Turn right and head west until you cross US 95 onto Sheckler Road Bureau of Land Management (BLM), the sand dunes of this • Travel west 2.8 miles to McLean and turn right to Lattin Farms 4,795-acre recreation area provide challenge and excitement for • Go 2.0 miles northwest on McLean to US 50 (Reno Highway) off-highway vehicle riders, hikers and sandboarders. There is a • Go west 0.15 miles to Soda Lake Road designated dry-camping area near the base of Sand Mountain. • Go north 2.0 miles on Soda Lake Road Two new vault toilets are provided, however, visitors should bring • Turn left at the Soda Lake sign and go 0.9 miles to dirt road on the plenty of water for drinking and washing since none is available right north of the road. Go up dirt road to Soda Lake at the site. Campfires are permitted, but wood is not available. • Reverse and go 2.9 miles back to the Reno Highway Sand Springs Pony Express Station/Sand Springs Desert Study • Go west 3.7 miles to Pioneer Road Area In 1860, Sand Springs was described by British explorer Sir • Go south 4.5 miles on Pioneer Road to the Diversion Dam Richard Burton as follows: “. . . the land is cumbered here and there • Reverse and go 4.5 miles north back to the Reno Highway with drifted ridges of the finest sand, sometimes 200 feet high and • Downtown Fallon is 8.0 miles east on the Reno Highway shifting before every gale . . . water near this vile hold was thick and stale with sulphury salts: it blistered even the hands.” Today, visitors Description will find well-preserved walls from the stone station that once Fallon’s historic Overland Hotel was built in 1908 alongside the old provided a refuge (although it was an extremely dismal one.) Lincoln Highway that jogged through Fallon from Highway 50. Many The fenced 40-acre area preserves a remnant of the land the way it United States dignitaries and entertainers of the time were visitors of was during the Pony Express days. There is a 1/2 mile interpretive this establishment. Today the Overland serves great Basque food, the loop trail that winds through the study area with a dozen signs that hotel rooms have been remodeled, and the bar is an eclectic mix of provide information on wildlife, plants, history, and geology. the Old West and farm lore.

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From the Overland, the tour continues to Lattin Farms, one of Description and Directions the first agri-tourism businesses in the state. Lattin Farms features a five-acre corn maze, roadside fruit and vegetable stand, bakery, Reese River Valley stretches north and south along the course of critterville, and pick-your-own fruits and vegetables. In the fall, it’s Nevada’s second longest river. The Reese River drains the backbone of home to Harvest Days and a scarecrow factory. Sheckler Road passes Nevada, the Toiyabe Mountains, which rise to almost 12,000 feet— through some of the bucolic scenery in Fallon that typifies the area’s some 6,000 feet above the highest desert valley floor below. While history of farm settlements and its agricultural industry. the Reese River may not look like much to the casual observer, high From Lattin Farms continue to Soda Lake, an area that produced in the mountains the Reese and its tributary creeks offer some of the much prized soda in the late 1800s. Today the soda mills and greatest stream fishing in the state. operations are now submerged and underwater divers often explore Mark Twain thought so much of it that he spent part of a day their remains. The site is also a great birding area during the spring jumping across it, and then tried to drink it dry. As you can see, he and fall. almost succeeded. Near the head of Reese River lies the Arc Dome From Soda Lake Road, head west to Pioneer Road. The Wilderness Area, as good a place as you’ll find for true backcountry intersection of Pioneer Road and the Reno Highway (Highway 50 hiking and fishing in some of the most unspoiled, uncrowded country West) is Ragtown, a stop along the Carson River where exhausted in the West. emigrants rested after crossing the dreaded “40 Mile Desert” during South of Austin, on a dirt road that takes off from the Chevron the California gold rush and the migration west. From here, the station at the west end of town, Stokes Castle overlooks Reese River emigrants continued west on Pioneer Road. You can drive the road Valley. Built by Anson P. Stokes, a railroad man and mining investor, through some of the early farms to Diversion Dam that redirected it was only inhabited for part of a season, and now serves as a silent water from the Carson River to the farms and ranches of the reminder of a more optimistic time. Newlands Project. The project began under President Teddy Roosevelt In Reese River Valley, a well-maintained dirt road leaves in 1902 with the Reclamation Act, the first in the United States. Highway 50 about a mile west of town. It snakes along the edge of the mountains to Big Creek Canyon, and proceeds east over a 8,350 foot summit into Kingston Canyon. This is some of Nevada’s most spectacular mountain country. Big Creek boasts a comfortable Toiyabe National Forest campground and offers fishing, hunting, Austin 50 hiking and the chance to see working sheepherders tending their Stokes 722 Castle flocks. The campground is a great place to picnic before pressing on

toward the summit and Kingston Canyon. At the summit, Bunker Hill,

Y to the northeast, (11,500 feet) overlooks the road through Kingston E

E Canyon as it meanders along one of the best trout streams in the L The Reese

G L West. Be careful here, as the switchbacks can be hard on radiators

N A 376 River Valley,

A going up and hard on brakes going down. Over the summit in V Toiyabe

Peak R Big Smoky

R Kingston Canyon, you will find great lake fishing at Groves Lake.

E E Valley Loop Further down the canyon, Kingston Meadow offers fly fishermen top B V I Big Creek A Tour rate waters to test the skills of the most avid casters. Below, the R Campground Y I steep mountain walls widen to accommodate a fine Toiyabe National E O S T Forest campground. E Gillman E Springs The flourishing resort-retirement community of Kingston was R Bunker Hill once a thriving boomtown of hundreds. The old mill building still Groves Lake stands precariously at the mouth of the canyon. You may have to use your imagination to visualize the hillsides teeming with activity. Turn Kingston Campground north (left) at the highway and return to Austin (29 miles via SR 376 Kingston Village and US 50).

The Toquima Cave, Northumberland Natural History Loop Tour The Reese River Valley, Big Smoky Valley Loop Tour This tour highlights the Spencer Hot Springs, Pete’s Summit, Toquima This tour highlights the Reese River Valley, Toiyabe Mountain Range, Cave, Monitor Valley, Northumberland Cave, Northumberland Gold Arc Dome Wilderness Area, Big Creek Canyon, and Kingston. Mine, and Big Smoky Valley. Distance and Road Conditions Distance and Road Conditions This tour is approximately 60 miles and requires about 6 hours, This tour is approximately 100 miles and requires about 6-8 hours, depending on how much time is spent at each stop. Dirt roads are in depending on how much time is spent at each stop. Dirt roads are in good condition with several steep grades. RVs and trailers are not good condition with several steep grades. RVs and trailers are not advised and please use caution during rain or snow. advised and please use caution during rain or snow.

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the 11,000-plus foot peaks of the Toiyabe Range rise in the west and the Simpson Park Range lies to the north. Pete’s Summit Road is the gateway to Monitor Valley from Austin northern Smoky Valley. At the 7,000-plus foot summit, Toquima Cave Scott lies in silence at the end of an easy footpath, about a quarter mile Summit

E from the picnic area. The paintings at the cave mouth were made by The Toquima Hickison G Summit the ancient Shoshone Indians. The view south across the canyon,

N

Cave, Y

A and east toward Monitor Valley, is confirmation that you are one of

E

R Northumberland 50 L the few souls prowling these piñon-covered hills.

L

E

Natural History A The road winds gently eastward, down through Sam’s Canyon to B

V A Y Loop Tour Monitor Valley. At the bottom, the road passes through the yard of Y E

R I Spencer’s L the Monitor Ranch. Notice the mud and the willow ranch buildings. Hot Springs O O L T T They have seen the comings and goings of horse-drawn wagons and A 376 I V

N modern 4-wheel drive recreational vehicles. They stand as a

Y O monument to the determination of the stubborn settlers of this part K M O of Nevada. Stoneberger Basin in the Toquima Range and the vast M Table Mountain Wilderness of the Monitor Range, are favorite hunting S Toquima areas for deer, elk and game birds. G Cave I B Pete’s To the left (east) about 12 miles past the ranch, you will see a Summit white dome-shaped formation surrounded by meadow. This is Diana’s E

G Punch Bowl. Turn left on the dirt road and go through (and close) N the gate to get to this puzzling geological attraction. Caution: There A R is no fence around the bowl. Watch the children. The beautifully

Northumberland Canyon Stoneberger A eroded south base of the dome is fascinating for kids to explore. Basin Diana’s M Punch Bowl Wildcat I The hot creeks offer many pleasant little pools to soak in. Peak U Q Eleven miles from Diana’s Punch Bowl turn west to re-enter

O T the Toquimas via Northumberland Canyon. The road follows the dry canyon past the remains of a recent mining camp at the mouth of Northumberland Mine the canyon, up to Northumberland Cave, a true limestone cavern Northumberland Cave with large rooms and impressive formations. Caution: Enter at your own risk. This is serious spelunking. Be sure to have proper equipment (ropes, lights, etc.) before you take this one on. The entrance is located in a draw on the west side of the road where the remains of an old mining flume skirts the hillside. Be careful. One of the toughest aspects of exploring this cave is getting to it. The hillside is steep and the rock is loose. Description and Directions From Northumberland Cave follow the road to the top of the Highway 50 climbs to nearly 7,500 feet as it heads east over Austin canyon as it winds above the open pit gold mine at the summit. summit. Down the other side, past the Toiyabe National Forest This is one of the best views of open pit mining in the state. campground at Bob Scott Summit, the road descends into the largest Northumberland Canyon leaves its summit and winds downhill of Central Nevada’s three great valleys. Big Smoky Valley was named to the west back into Big Smoky Valley. The spectacular formations by John Fremont for the haze caused by its tremendous distances. may bring Utah and New Mexico to mind. Towering columns of rock Today’s miners and ranchers carry on the traditions of the last rise on both sides of the road and form stark turrets that overlook hundred and twenty-five years. The methods may be different, but the dry canyon below. In the background to the northeast is the lifestyle is much the same. The people are hardy, and the land is Wildcat Peak. challenging. You will find great fishing, hunting, ghost towns, hot As the road re-enters Big Smoky Valley, it snakes through the springs and, best of all, a glimpse of what Nevada used to be like. alkali and shadscale past the long-abandoned site of a salt recovery This is some of the most spectacular, unspoiled country remaining in station (watch for stone ruins which have been almost erased by the the West. playa). Up until the past few years this area, like Monitor and Reese From the north end of Smoky Valley, Pete’s Summit Road River Valleys, was part of one of the largest remaining areas of the stretches in a southeasterly direction. It leaves Highway 376, a few United States that was not served by commercial electrification. hundred yards south of the intersection with Highway 50. It sets out Despite Smoky Valley’s primitive beauty, travelers will find all modern across the sagebrush and scrub in a straight line that takes explorers conveniences. There is a gas station and small store just south of the past Spencer Hot Springs 6 miles from Highway 376. These soothing junction with Highway 376. baths with their fantastic views have been a local favorite for over a Turn north (right) at the highway and return to Austin hundred years. From Spencer’s, in the shadow of the Toquima Range, (40 miles via SR 376 and US 50).

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Return to Ely The Ward • From Cave Lake State Park, head west on NV 486 for 5.2 miles 50 93 Charcoal Ovens • Turn right at US 50 / US 6 / US 93 and continue to follow US 50 / Ely and Cave Lake US 93 for 7.6 miles until you arrive in Ely Tour Description 6 6 In 1876, Ward was the largest town in White Pine County with a 50 population of 1,500. The charcoal ovens were built to supply high 93 quality charcoal for the silver smelters at Ward. Constructed by Cave Lake 486 State Park Swiss-Italian charcoal workers called “Carbonari,” the beehive- shaped ovens were designed as an alternative to the open-pit system that originated in Italy. Today, the Ward Charcoal Ovens are listed on the Register of Historic Places. Cave Lake State Park is open year round and the 32-acre reservoir within the park is popular for trout fishing, crawdadding, Cave Valley Road boating, hiking, picnicking and camping. Perched in the middle of

Ward the Schell Creek Range, adjacent to the Humboldt National Forest at Charcoal Ovens an elevation of 7,300 feet, the park offers outstanding scenic views and opportunities for nature study and photography. Facilities include campgrounds, picnic areas, hiking trails and a boat launch. Winter sports such as ice fishing, cross-country skiing and ice- skating are also available. Snow sculpting is becoming a popular activity, and the White Pine Fire and Ice Show is the premier winter event in the area. The park has two campgrounds, Elk Flat 93 Campground and Lake View Campground. Ely

6 50 The 93 Cave Lake Great Basin State Park 486 Tour The Ward Charcoal Ovens and Cave Lake Tour This tour highlights the Ward Charcoal Ovens and Cave Lake State Park.

Distance and Road Conditions Cave Valley Road 50 Border From downtown Ely, the tour is around 50.8 miles round trip. The total 6 487 Ward Great Basin trip time is about one hour, forty-five minutes plusCharcoal time spent at each National Park Baker Ovens Archaeological stop. The tour is mostly on paved roads, and any gravel roads are well Site Majors 93 Lehman 488 maintained. Place Caves Baker Directions To the Ward Charcoal Ovens • From Ely, travel south on US 50 / US 93 for about 13.2 miles The Great Basin National Park Tour • Turn right at County Road 16 and go 5.0 miles This tour highlights Great Basin National Park, Lehman Caves, • Make a left at Cave Valley Road / County Road 45 and go 1.0 mile and Baker Archaeological Site. • Turn right and go 0.4 miles. The Ward Charcoal Ovens will be on Distance and Road Conditions the left From Downtown Ely to the top of Wheeler Peak Scenic Drive, the tour To Cave Lake State Park is around 172 miles round trip. The total trip time is 4 hours plus • From the Ward Charcoal Ovens, head east 0.4 miles toward Cave time spent at each stop. Vehicles longer than 24 feet are permitted Valley Road / County Road only as far as Upper Lehman Creek Campground. • Turn left at Cave Valley Road / County Road 45 and travel 1.0 mile Directions • Make a right at County Road 16 and go 5.0 miles The Great Basin National Park Visitor Center is closed in the winter. • Turn left at US 50 / US 6 / US 93 and go 5.6 miles Lehman Caves Visitor Center is open year round. • Turn right at NV 486 / Steptoe Creek Road To the top of Wheeler Peak Scenic Drive • Continue to follow NV 486 for 5.2 miles and Cave Lake State Park • From the Great Basin National Park Visitor Center, take NV 487 will be on the right towards Baker • Turn right at Great Basin National Park/NV 488

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• Travel five miles to the Park Entrance. The twelve mile scenic drive The Success Loop Tour is to the right. The scenic drive is closed to vehicles longer than This tour provides gorgeous views throughout its entire length as 24 feet past Upper Lehman Creek campground to the top of the well as opportunities to explore side roads that lead into the Schell Wheeler Peak Scenic Drive. Creek Range. To Lehman Caves • From the Great Basin National Park Visitors Center, take NV 487 Distance and Road Conditions towards Baker From Downtown Ely, the tour is approximately 62 miles round trip. • Turn right at Great Basin National Park / NV 488 The total trip time would a leisurely two hours, plus any side trips into • Travel 5.5 miles to Lehman Caves Visitors Center the Schell Creek Range. The tour is mostly paved, with sections of well- maintained gravel road. To Baker Archaeological Site • From Lehman Caves, travel 5.5 miles to NV 487 Directions • Turn left on NV 488, and then go past the Great Basin National From Downtown Ely: Park Visitors Center approximately one mile. Turn right at the Arch • Drive East on Highway 50 to Highway 93 North Site sign. Travel about 1/2 mile, turn right on gravel road, travel • Take Highway 93 north for 17 miles and take a right on Route 486 approximately one mile to the site • Enjoy 33 miles of this scenic backcountry road which ends at • The Baker Archaeological Site will be on the right Highway 93 • Take a right (head north) on Highway 93 for seven miles to return to Ely

Description From the deep caverns of Lehman Caves to the summit of Wheeler Peak, Great Basin National Park offers abundant hiking and camping opportunities which include many sites and gorgeous vistas. Wheeler Peak is the second highest peak in the state of Nevada and stands at 13,063 feet in elevation. Surrounding it are streams, lakes, alpine plants, an abundance of wildlife, and a variety of forest types. The Osceola Road park features groves of ancient bristlecone pines and numerous The Osceola Road provides a time travelling “short cut” around limestone caverns. There are picnicking and camping facilities and Sacramento Pass on Highway 50. This gravel road climbs in elevation nighttime offers some of the best stargazing in the West. to the ghost town of Osceola, the most famous White Pine County Lehman Caves is a beautiful limestone cave with intriguing, gold producing district and likely the longest-lived placer camp in unusual formations. It is decorated with stalactites, stalagmites, Nevada. Intermittent mining continues today and there is one local helictites, flowstone, popcorn, and other formations that cover resident—please respect private property. almost every surface of the cave. Tours are held daily, year-round, except for Thanksgiving, Christmas, and New Years Day. Distance and Road Conditions The Baker Archeological Site was excavated and studied from Total trip time on this gravel road is approximately 45 minutes. 1991 to 1994. This village was recognized as belonging to the A high clearance or four wheel drive vehicle is recommended. Fremont Culture, named for sites found along the Fremont River in Utah. After the analyses were completed, the site was reburied with Directions the same dirt that was removed during excavation, a necessary step From Downtown Ely: to preserve the features that remain for possible future studies. • Take Highway 50 East from downtown Ely for 35 miles Brochures and an information kiosk are located at the parking area. • Turn right at the sign marked “Osceola” A restroom, picnic tables, and a sun shelter are available for day use. • Take the gravel road to the end, and then take a right to continue east on Highway 50

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TRAVEL NOTES:

PHOTO CREDITS City of Fernley, Fernley Chamber of Commerce, Rick Norton Photography, Morgan H. Webber, Comstock Historical District, Ray Walmsley Collection, Laura Tennant Collection, Nevada Historical Society, Historical Society of Dayton Valley, Fallon Convention and Tourism Authority, The Greater Austin Chamber of Commerce, Eureka Sentinel Museum, White Pine Historical Society, “Imagine That” Pam Martin, Nevada Commission on Tourism, Bruce Rettig, Chris Talbot, and Stephanie Mietz

We wish to acknowledge the generous support of the Nevada Commission on Tourism TravelNevada.com (800) NEVADA-8

D i s c ov e r L i f e A l o n g T h e T r a i l 77 Pony Express Territory PonyExpressNevada.com (888) 359-9449

Fernley FernleyChamber.org [email protected] (775) 575-4459 Fernley Chamber of Commerce 70 N. West Street, Fernley, Nevada 89408

Dayton DaytonAreaChamberOfCommerce.com [email protected] (775) 246-7909 Dayton Area Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 2408, Dayton, Nevada 89403

Fallon VisitFallonNevada.com [email protected] (775) 423-4556 Fallon Convention & Visitors Center 100 Campus Way, Fallon, Nevada 89406

Austin AustinNevada.com [email protected] (775) 964-2200 The Austin Chamber of Commerce PO Box 212, 122 Main Street, Austin, Nevada 89310

Eureka VisitEurekaNevada.com [email protected] (775) 237-6120 Eureka Events & Tourism P.O. Box 88, 20 South Main Street, Eureka, Nevada 89316

Ely ElyNevada.net [email protected] (800) HY6-9350 (800) 496-9350 White Pine County Tourism & Recreation Board Bristlecone Convention Center, 150 Sixth Street, Ely, Nevada 89301

Nevada Northern Railway, National Historic Landmark NNRy.com (775) 289-2085 Nevada Northern Railway Museum 1100 Avenue A, P.O. Box 150040, Ely, Nevada 89315

Great Basin GreatBasinHeritage.org [email protected] (775) 234-7171 Great Basin Heritage Area Partnership P.O. Box 78, 87 Baker Avenue, Baker, Nevada 89311