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<I>Hemitriakis Falcata</I>

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<I>Hemitriakis Falcata</I> Records of the Australian Museum (1993) Vo1.45: 195-220. ISSN 0067-1975 195 H emitriakis falcata n.sp. and H. abdita n.sp., Two New Houndsharks (Carcharhiniformes: Triakidae) from Australia L.J.V. COMPAGN01 & J.D. STEVENS2 1 Shark Research Centre, South African Museum, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa 2 CSIRO Division of Fisheries, Marine Laboratories, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia ABSTRACT. Two new species of the genus Hemitriakis Herre, 1923 (Carcharhiniformes: Triakidae) are described from tropical Australia. Hemitriakis falcata is described from ten specimens from the outer continental shelf of Western Australia at depths of 146 to 197 m. Hemitriakis abdita is described from five specimens from the Coral Sea Plateau off north-eastern Queensland at 225 to 401 m. Hemitriakis falcata and H. abdita are separable from their two named congeners H. leucoperiptera, from the Philippine Islands, and H. japanica, from Japan, Taiwan, China and Korea, by a combination of vertebral counts, first dorsal position, fin and eye shape, and juvenile colouration. Hemitriakis falcata additionally differs from H. japanica in chondrocranial morphology. Hemitriakis falcata and H. abdita are sibling species separated by wide, non-overlapping differences in vertebral counts as well as by slight differences in morphometrics, tooth counts, colouration, and cranial morphology. These species represent the first record of Hemitriakis from Australia. A nominal record of H. japanica from Ambon is uncertain while another record of H. japanica from New Caledonia may be based on H. abdita. A key to species of Hemitriakis is presented. COMPAGNO, L.I.V. & I.D. STEVENS, 1993. Hemitriakis falcata n.sp. and H. abdita n.sp., two new houndsharks (Carcharhiniformes: Triakidae) from Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 45(2): 195-220. Recent trawl collections on the outer continental as defined by Compagno (1970). shelves and upper slopes of Australia have yielded Compagno (1984) noted an undescribed species of numerous sharks and other chondrichthians (Gloerfelt­ H emitriakis from Western Australia while Compagno Tarp & Kailola, 1984; Davis & Ward, 1984; Sainsbury (1988) cited two specimens of this species (W AM et al., 1985; Gorman & Graham, 1985; Williams, 1987). P26271-00 1 and W AM P26724-007) and deferred their Included in this material are specimens of houndsharks description to the present paper. While preparing the (Carcharhiniformes: Triakidae) that represent the first description of this species we discovered that additional Australian records of the genus Hemitriakis Herre, 1923 specimens of Hemitriakis deposited in the CSIRO 196 Records of the Australian Museum (1993) Vo1.45 collections fell into two non-overlapping groups on TRW - trunk width; CPH - caudal peduncle height; vertebral counts, with an average difference of 27 centra CPW - caudal peduncle width; GIR - girth; PIL - in total counts between the groups. The higher vertebral pectoral length; PIA - pectoral anterior margin; PIB - count group is represented by five specimens from the pectoral base; PIH - pectoral height; PU - pectoral inner upper slope on the Coral Sea Plateau off north-eastern margin; PIP - pectoral posterior margin; P2L - pelvic Queensland while the lower count group includes eight length; P2A - pelvic anterior margin; P2B - pelvic base; specimens from Western Australia along with the material P2H - pelvic height; P2I - pelvic inner margin; P2P cited by Compagno (1988). As the two groups included - pelvic posterior margin; CLO - clasper outer length; individuals of both sexes that are very similar in CLI - clasper inner length; CLB - clasper base width; morphology and are clearly separable from the western DIL - first dorsal length; DIA - first dorsal anterior North Pacific H. japanica (Miiller & Henle, 1839) and margin; DlB - first dorsal base; DIH - first dorsal H. leucoperiptera Herre, 1923, they are regarded as a height; DU - first dorsal inner margin; DIP - first dorsal pair of undescribed sibling species. posterior margin; D2L - second dorsal length; D2A - second dorsal anterior margin; D2B - second dorsal base; D2H - second dorsal height; D2I - second dorsal inner margin; D2P - second dorsal posterior margin; ANL - Terminology and Abbreviations anal length; ANA - anal anterior margin; ANB - anal base; ANH - anal height; ANI - anal inner margin; ANP The terminology for external structures, chondrocrania, - anal posterior margin; CDM - dorsal caudal margin; vertebrae and dentition follows Compagno (1970, 1988). CPV - preventral caudal margin; CPL - lower The abbreviations for tooth row groups include: AL - postventral caudal margin; CPU - upper postventral anterolaterals; AP - anteroposteriors; M - medials; P - caudal margin; CST - subterminal caudal margin; CTR posteriors. For tooth counts (Table 3 [Appendix]), the - terminal caudal margin; CTL - terminal caudal lobe; abbreviations include: TT - total number of tooth rows DPI - first dorsal midbase-pectoral insertion; DPO - first in both jaws; UT - number of upper tooth rows; LT - dorsal midbase-pelvic origin; PDI - pelvic midbase-first number of lower tooth rows. For vertebrae, the dorsal insertion; PDO - pelvic midbase-first dorsal abbreviations include: MP - monospondylous precaudal origin; DAO - second dorsal-anal origin; DAI - second centra; DP - diplospondylous precaudal central; DC - dorsal-anal insertion; FOR - fork length (snout tip to diplospondylous caudal centra; TC - total vertebral caudal fork). counts (MP + DP + DC counts). An additional abbreviation NBL is the abbreviation for nasobasal length, the is: PC - precaudal (MP + DP) vertebral counts. distance from the base of the medial rostral cartilage to The abbreviations and methods of measuring follow the occipital centrum of the chondrocranium. WT is the the FAO system of Compagno (1984), except that the abbreviation for weight in g. Abbreviations for sex and measurement MOL (mouth length) was incorrectly maturity are after Compagno (1988) and include: SEX/ shown in the diagram (Compagno, 1984: 12) as extending M - sex and maturity stages: F - female; M - male; from the lower symphysis to the mouth corners; it 1 - fetus; 2 - immature; 3 - adolescent; 4 - adult. should be from the upper symphysis to the mouth Abbreviations for statistics include: CV - coefficient of corners. Also, TL is used for total length and PCL for variation; N - number of specimens; SD - standard precaudal length (following general usage in deviation; SE - standard error. ichthyology) instead of TOT and PRe. The abbreviations Abbreviations and prefixes for field, accession, and for measurements in this account include: TL (TOT) - catalog numbers follow Leviton et al. (1986) and total length; PCL (PRC) - precaudal length; PRN - Compagno (1988) in part: CAS - CAS-Acc., California prenarial length; POR - preoral length; POB - preorbital Academy of Sciences, San Francisco; CSIRO CA and length; PSP - prespiracle length; PGI - pregill H - CSIRO Marine Laboratories, Hobart, Tasmania; (prebranchial) length; HDL - head length; PPl - LACM-F - Los Angeles County Museum of Natural prepectorallength; PP2 - prepelvic length; SVL - snout­ History, uncatalogued Applegate specimens; LJVC - vent length; PAL - preanallength; PDl - pre-first dorsal L.J.V. Compagno collection; SO - CSIRO RV Soela length; PD2 - pre-second dorsal length; IDS - interdorsal station number; SU - Stanford University fish collection, space; DCS - dorso-caudal space; PPS - pectoral-pelvic now housed at CAS; UMMZ - University of Michigan space; PAS - preanal space; ACS - anal-caudal space; Museum of Zoology, Ann Arbor; USNM - United States EYL - eye length; EYH - eye height; INO - interorbital National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.e.; width; NOW - nostril width; INW - internarial width; W AM - Western Australian Museum, Perth. ANF - anterior nasal flap length; SPL - spiracle length; All tables are listed in the Appendix. ESL - eye-spiracle length; MOL - mouth length; MOW - mouth width; ULA - upper labial furrow length; LLA - lower labial furrow length; GS 1 - first Triakidae Gray, 1851 gill opening height; GS2 - second gill opening height; GS3 - third gill opening height; GS4 - fourth gill opening height; GS5 - fifth gill opening height; HDH Comments. For definitions of this family see Compagno - head height; HDW - head width; TRH - trunk height; (1973a, 1973b, 1979, 1984, 1988). Compagno & Stevens: Hemitriakis 197 Hemitriakis Herre, 1923 P. Fourmanoir in the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, as Galeorhinus japanicus. We have examined photographs, measurements and radiographs Hemitriakis Herre, 1923: 70. Type species Hemitriakis of this specimen that were prepared for us through leucoperiptera Herre, 1923, by original designation. the kind agency of Drs B. Seret and M.-L. Bauchot. This specimen has a much higher vertebral count than Comments. For detailed definitions and discussions all other Hemitriakis except H. abdita and may represent of the scope of this genus see Compagno (1970, 1979, another undescribed species of H emitriakis (see 1984, 1988). Hemitriakis was proposed by Herre (1923) discussion below) or possibly may be an adult of as a monotypic genus for H. leucoperiptera Herre, H. abdita. 1923, from the Philippine Islands. Hemitriakis leucoperiptera was included in Triakis Muller & Henle, 1838 by Fowler (1941), Bigelow & Schroeder (1948), Comparative Material Garrick (1954), Kato (1968), Springer (1968), and Pinchuk (1972), but was revived by Compagno (1970) for Herre's
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