DOCSLIB.ORG

Copyright by Thomas Ettinger Baril 2008

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Copyright by Thomas Ettinger Baril 2008 Copyright by Thomas Ettinger Baril 2008 The Dissertation Committee for Thomas Ettinger Baril certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF THE POLITIC PHYSICIAN IN FRIEDRICH HOFFMANN'S MEDICUS POLITICUS Committee: ____________________________ Ignacio Angelelli, Co-Supervisor ____________________________ Laurence McCullough, Co-Supervisor _____________________________ Al Martinich _____________________________ Robert Koons _____________________________ J. Budziszewski PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF THE POLITIC PHYSICIAN IN FRIEDRICH HOFFMANN’S MEDICUS POLITICUS by Thomas Ettinger Baril BA, MEd Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin May 2008 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS It will be difficult for me to list everyone to whom I should gratefully acknowledge a debt in completing this doctoral program. There are so many and I’m bound to forget someone important; for this oversight, I apologize in advance. I will start by acknowledging the first two professors in the Philosophy Department who “took me under their wing”: Drs. Johanna Seibt and Ignacio Angelelli. Both of them provided a lot of early encouragement and patience and they sponsored me into the graduate program. Johanna was also responsible for encouraging me in my first published article and subsequent presentation at a conference. I asked Ignacio to be my dissertation supervisor because I trusted his judgment and valued his friendship. After I had been in the graduate program for awhile, I was a Teaching Assistant in a Medical Ethics course taught by a young graduate student, Mark Whitburn. Mark, a strong disability-rights advocate who “walks the walk”, was truly my inspiration for choosing a career in medical ethics. I am grateful to all those who gave me my first teaching opportunities. Dr. Matthew Daude, Austin Community College, and Dr. Danny Ursery, St. Edward’s University, gave me my first jobs teaching philosophy as an adjunct instructor. Drs. Billy Turner and Todd Furman, McNeese State University, gave me my first full-time teaching position in medical ethics. All of this happened while I was still a graduate student. iv I would like to thank my dissertation committee for their guidance and support. Dr. Robert Koons was not only a key member of my committee but he was good enough to let me be his Teaching Assistant on three occasions. Dr. J. Budziszewski was my professor in political philosophy. He renewed my undergraduate interest in Natural Law Theory and was a natural choice when I discovered that my dissertation included a large segment in this area of philosophy. I would also like to acknowledge the guidance and motivation from Dr. Al Martinich who was gracious enough to agree to be on my dissertation committee. I have saved my greatest debts as a graduate student for last. I shall start with our Graduate Advisor, Jill Glenn. Jill has almost single-handedly been responsible for my entry into the graduate program as well as my continuation and completion. Jill has been a real God-send throughout the years and a dear friend. I know from talking with the other graduate students that we all feel like she gives each of us her personal attention. It is without any exaggeration that I believe Jill has had a hand in straightening out all of the academic bumps in the road these past several years. The other person to whom I owe so much is Laurence B. McCullough, Ph.D., Baylor College of Medicine. Larry has been my “mentor” in writing the dissertation and in my advancement in the field of medical ethics. He directed me towards a very challenging and satisfying dissertation project and served as my dissertation committee co-supervisor. The Hoffmann project was his original v idea developed from previous research in the History of Medical Ethics and I am so very grateful that he shared his professional instincts about this project with me. He has also been my best professional support throughout the dissertation process and is responsible for the committee’s teamwork in helping me complete the dissertation. Finally, he provided me some clinical experience by letting me accompany him on his “rounds” in Houston and sit in on some lectures at the medical school there. These first-hand experiences were very motivational. If Whitburn planted the seed, then McCullough nurtured the plant. It is never too late to acknowledge old debts. My mom and dad made it possible for me to get a good academic start by sacrificing so that I could go to private schools. I became academically alive and goal-oriented while in high school thanks to Father Harrison (Detroit Catholic Central High School). He was the first person to take the time to talk to me about my future and his guidance proved to be the real beginning of my love of learning. Again, he planted the seed and it was nurtured by many, but none more influentially than Mr. Carson. He taught my first philosophy class (University of Detroit) and inspired a passion for philosophy that still burns deeply. On the personal side, there were many people who helped me and my wife. In Houston, the Angels—Kateri, Federico and Federica—gave me a home away from home during my trips to Baylor. In the process they have become our most cherished friends. I am also indebted to the many fine family friends who supported my wife while I was “out of town”: the Murrays, Amber-Amber and vi Tasha deserve special mention. I also want to thank the multitude of family, friends, and well-wishers who prayed for me or encouraged me in their own way throughout the past few years. They are too legion to list. My mother has kept me in her prayers and has been very encouraging. She still slips me a few dollars as I’m leaving the house to return to my out-of- state teaching job. All of my children have supported me and their mother—in fact, without their encouragement this prolonged educational journey would not have been possible. Some of my children, including Matthew, James and Tamara, have lived in the San Antonio area and have really gone out of their way to support their mother. Mireille has traveled long distance to visit me in both Austin and Lake Charles. Tommy, Holly and Ruth have provided spiritual leadership in keeping the prayers going for me. Alex and Christina have encouraged me during our many phone calls. I don’t dare list the many deeds of my children as I’m sure they’ve done even more than I realize. But to each and every one of my children, I thank you and thank God for you. Last, but notably first, I want to thank my wife who had to endure the longest TDY of our married life. Who would have thought that life in the military was only training for the educational process? She has been my number one cheerleader and has kept the house going while I’m away—including several burst water pipes. There are not many things that I love more than philosophy, but my wife is at the top of that list. vii PREFACE There has been little English-language research on the Medicus Politicus (The Politic Physician) (1738) of Friedrich Hoffmann (1660-1742). This is probably due to the fact that it has never been translated from Latin into English. Latin was the language of the intellectual community at the time of Hoffmann’s tenure as head of the medical school at Halle. However, it was translated almost immediately into French, La Politique du Médecin (1751), and it was one of several important medical texts by Hoffmann for physicians in the eighteenth century. The English-speaking philosophy community would not have been motivated to translate the work because the Medicus Politicus would have been seen as a medical and not a philosophical text. The English-speaking medical community, on the other hand, may not have seen a need to translate this work either. When the work was originally written, most of those in the medical profession would have been well versed in Latin. Later generations of the medical community, aware that much of the medicine of Hoffmann was subsequently better developed by others, might no longer see the work as relevant. However, the current emergence of biomedical ethics as both an intellectual activity and a practical pursuit has caused a renewed interest in viii searching for our roots in the history of medical ethics. Additionally, there is an interest to see if the past has any advice to inform contemporary medical ethical issues. The recent work of McCullough (McCullough 1998) resulted in a strong case that Dr. John Gregory (1724-1773), who taught at the medical school at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland, is the father of modern medical ethics in the English-speaking world. However, McCullough, during his research in Scotland, found interesting references to Hoffmann and determined that this German1 first professor of medicine at Halle may have had a greater influence on the development of medical ethics than has previously been determined by scholars. Dr. McCullough initially brought this project to my attention and has encouraged me to research Hoffmann’s contributions to medical ethics. This contextual analysis of the Medicus Politicus is the result of that encouragement. The analysis is based on my own translation. I do not make any strong claim to a philologically-complete work. I used both the Latin (Medicus Politicus) and the French (La Politique du Médecin) versions in the translation process.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Experimental Pharmacology and Therapeutic Innovation in the Eighteenth Century
    -e: EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTIC INNOVATION IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY by ANDREAS-HOLGER MAEHLE A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of London University College London 1996 ProQuest Number: 10017185 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest. ProQuest 10017185 Published by ProQuest LLC(2016). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 ABSTRACT In the historiography of pharmacology and therapeutics, the 18th century is regarded as a period of transition from traditional, Galenistic materia medica to the beginnings of modern, experimental drug research. Ackerknecht (1973) characterized the pharmacotherapy of this period as a "chaotic mixture of chemiatric and Galenistic practices", yet acknowledged an "increasing tendency toward empiricism, partly even true experimentalism". This thesis explores this transitional phase for the first time in depth, examining the relations between pharmacological experimentation, theory-building, and therapeutic practice. Furthermore, ethical aspects are highlighted. The general introduction discusses the secondary literature and presents the results of a systematic study of pharmacological articles in relevant 18th-century periodicals. The identified main areas of contemporary interest, the spectrum of methods applied, and the composition of the authorship are described and interpreted.
    [Show full text]
  • Herman Boerhaave
    Herman Boerhaave History of Science and Scholarship in the Netherlands, volume â The series History of Science and Scholarship in the Netherlands presents studies on a variety of subjects in the history of science, scholarship and academic institu- tions in the Netherlands. Titles in this series ". Rienk Vermij, The Calvinist Copernicans. The reception of the new astronomy in the Dutch Republic, "äæä^"æäò. áòòá, isbn ñò-åñðã-âãò-ã á. Gerhard Wiesenfeldt, Leerer Raum in Minervas Haus. Experimentelle Natur- lehre an der Universita« t Leiden, "åæä^"æ"ä.áòòá,isbn ñò-åñðã-ââñ-ò â. Rina Knoeff, Herman Boerhaave ,"ååð^"æâð). Calvinist chemist and physician. áòòá, isbn ñò-åñðã-âãá-ò ã. Johanna Levelt Sengers, How fluids unmix. Discoveries by the School of Van der Waals and Kamerlingh Onnes. áòòá, isbn ñò-åñðã-âäæ-ñ Editorial Board K. van Berkel, University of Groningen W.Th.M. Frijhoff, Free University of Amsterdam A. van Helden, Utrecht University W.E. Krul, University of Groningen A. de Swaan, Amsterdam School of Sociological Research R.P.W. Visser, Utrecht University Herman Boerhaave 7"ååð-"æâð) Calvinist chemist and physician Rina Knoeff Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Amsterdam áòòá ß áòòá Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopy- ing, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the pub- lisher. Edita knaw, P.O. Box "ñ"á", "òòò gc Amsterdam, the Netherlands [email protected], www.knaw.nl/edita isbn ñò-åñðã-âãá-ò The paper in this publication meets the requirements of *? iso-norm ñæòå 7"ññã) for permanence For my parents Every man's work, whether it be literature or music or pictures or architecture or anything else, is always a portrait of himself, and the more he tries to conceal himself the more clearly will his character appear in spite of him.
    [Show full text]
  • ACTA UNIVERSITATIS UPSALIENSIS Uppsala Studies in History of Ideas 48
    ACTA UNIVERSITATIS UPSALIENSIS Uppsala Studies in History of Ideas 48 ANDREAS RYDBERG Inner Experience An Analysis of Scientific Experience in Early Modern Germany Dissertation presented at Uppsala University to be publicly examined in Geijersalen (Eng6-1023), Engelska Parken, Humanistiskt centrum, Thunbergsvägen 3P, Uppsala, Friday, 9 June 2017 at 10:00 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The examination will be conducted in Swedish. Faculty examiner: Kristiina Savin (Lunds universitet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper). Abstract Rydberg, A. 2017. Inner Experience. An Analysis of Scientific Experience in Early Modern Germany. Uppsala Studies in History of Ideas 48. 245 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-554-9926-6. In the last decades a number of studies have shed light on early modern scientific experience. While some of these studies have focused on how new facts were forced out of nature in so-called experimental situations, others have charted long-term transformations. In this dissertation I explore a rather different facet of scientific experience by focusing on the case of the Prussian university town Halle in the period from the late seventeenth till the mid-eighteenth century. At this site philosophers, theologians and physicians were preoccupied with categories such as inner senses , inner experience, living experience, psychological experiments and psychometrics. In the study I argue that these hitherto almost completely overlooked categories take us away from observations of external things to the internal organisation of experience and to entirely internal objects of experience. Rather than seeing this internal side of scientific experience as mere theory and epistemology, I argue that it was an integral and central part of what has been referred to as the cultura animi tradition, that is, the philosophical and medical tradition of approaching the soul as something in need of cultivation, education, disciplination and cure.
    [Show full text]
  • Jesuits, Jews, Christianity, and Bolshevism: an Existential Threat to Germany?
    journal of jesuit studies 5 (2018) 33-53 brill.com/jjs Jesuits, Jews, Christianity, and Bolshevism: An Existential Threat to Germany? Beth Ann Griech-Polelle Pacific Lutheran University [email protected] Abstract The long-standing stereotypes of Jesuits as secretive, cunning, manipulative, and greedy for both material goods as well as for world domination led many early members of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party to connect Jesuits with “Jewishness.” Adolf Hitler, Alfred Rosenberg, Dietrich Eckart, and others connect Jesuits to Jews in their writings and speeches, conflating Catholicism and Judaism with Bolshevism, pin- pointing Jesuits as supposedly being a part of the larger “Judeo-Bolshevik conspiracy” aiming to destroy the German people. Jesuits were lumped in with Jews as “internal enemies” and this led to further discrimination against the members of the order. Keywords Judeo-Bolshevism – anti-Catholicism – stereotypes – Marxism – Adolf Hitler … Pure Christianity—the Christianity of the catacombs—is concerned with translating the Christian doctrine into facts. It leads quite simply to the annihilation of mankind. It is merely whole-hearted Bolshevism, under a tinsel of metaphysics.1 ⸪ 1 Quote taken from Hugh R. Trevor-Roper, ed., Hitler’s Secret Conversations, 1941–1944 (New York: Farrar, Straus and Young, 1953), 119–20. © griech-polelle, 2018 | doi 10.1163/22141332-00501003 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the prevailing CC-BY-NC license at the time of publication. Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 01:09:59PM via free access <UN> 34 Griech-Polelle On May 31, 1941, less than a month before the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi forces, the German Army High Command received a declaration from Chancellor Adolf Hitler (1889–1945, as chancellor 1933–45) that men serving in the Wehrmacht from the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) were “morally unfit” to fight in the coming invasion.
    [Show full text]
  • The Dissertations of Doctors of Medicine Active in Estland, Livland and Courland, Defended at European Universities in the Eighteenth Century
    Ajalooline Ajakiri, 2010, 3/4 (133/134), 367–402 The dissertations of doctors of medicine active in Estland, Livland and Courland, defended at European universities in the eighteenth century Arvo Tering During the seventeenth century and the fi rst half of the eighteenth century, learned medics of the Russian Baltic provinces and the Grand Duchy of Courland mostly found employment as physicians of wealthier towns and as medical doctors, running private practices or even as chief surgeons in the military hospitals of Tallinn and Riga. However, during the last two decades of the eighteenth century, the demand for educated doctors sud- denly rocketed: the positions of county doctors were created in new county and district centres and mansion owners and landlords introduced a new trend by hiring private doctors into their mansions. From 1802, the fi rst generation of professors of medical and auxiliary disciplines of the newly established Tartu University became the core of learned medical specialists in the Baltic provinces. Most of the medical doctors that practiced in Estland, Livland and Courland during the eight- eenth century and the fi rst half of the nineteenth century had studied in the largest German universities – Halle, Jena or Göttingen, and to a lesser extent Leipzig, Königsberg, Erfurt, Erlangen and in some of the univer- sities of the Netherlands, particularly Leiden.1 Most of these medics had passed a process of being promoted to the position of a med ical doctor, Th e research for this article has been supported by the Estonian Science Foundation grant no 8938 and Target Financed Program no SF0180040s08.
    [Show full text]
  • 4. Od Alkemije Do Flogistona
    4. od alkemije do flogistona Katherine Jones, Viscountess Ranelagh (1615.–1691.) Robert Boyle (1627.–1691.) Lismore Castle Burlington House, Mayfair, London I now mean by Elements, as those Chymists that speak plainest do by their Principles, certain Primitive and Simple, or perfectly unmingled bodies; which not being made of any other bodies, or of one another, are the Ingredients of all those call'd perfectly mixt Bodies are immediately compounded, and into which they are ultimately resolved. And indeed, when in the writings of Paracelsus I meet with such Phantastick and Un- intelligible Discourses as that Writer often puzzels and tyres his Reader with, father’d upon such excellent Experiments, as though he seldom clearly teaches, I often find he knew; me thinks the Chymists, in their searches after truth, are not unlike the Navigators of Solomons Tarshish Fleet, who brought home from their long and tedious Voyages, not only Gold, and Silver, and Ivory, but Apes and Peacocks too; For so the Writings of several (for I say not, all) of your Hermetick Philosophers present us, together with divers Substantial and noble Experiments, Theories, which either like Peacocks feathers make a great shew, but are neither solid nor useful; or else like Apes, if they have some appearance of being rational, are blemish’d with some absurdity or other, that when they are Attentively consider’d, makes them appear Ridiculous. The Prolongation of Life. The Recovery of Youth, or at least some of the Marks of it, as new Teeth, new Hair colour’d as in youth. The Art of Flying.
    [Show full text]
  • Prime Pagine.Indd
    Fondazione Bruno Kessler Annali dell’Istituto storico italo-germanico in Trento Monografi e, 54 1 I lettori che desiderano informarsi sui libri e sull’insieme delle attività della Società editrice il Mulino possono consultare il sito Internet: www.mulino.it I fari di Halle Georg Ernst Stahl, Friedrich Hoffmann e la medicina europea del primo Settecento di Francesco Paolo de Ceglia Società editrice il Mulino Bologna FBK - Studi storici italo-germanici Direttore Gian Enrico Rusconi DE CEGLIA, Francesco Paolo I fari di Halle : Georg Ernst Stahl, Friedrich Hoffmann e la medicina europea del primo Settecento / di Francesco Paolo de Ceglia - Bologna : Il mulino, 2009. - 499 p. ; 22 cm. - (Annali dell’Istituto storico italo-germanico in Trento. Monografi e ; 54) Nell’occh.: Fondazione Bruno Kessler. - Con appendice documentaria. - Bibliogr.: p. 439-487 ISBN 978-88-15-13179-9 1. Stahl, Georg Ernst 2. Hoffmann, Friedrich 3. Medicina - Europa - Sec. XVIII 610.922 (DDC 22.ed) Composizione e impaginazione a cura di FBK - Editoria ISBN 978-88-15-13179-9 Copyright © 2009 by Società editrice il Mulino, Bologna. Tutti i diritti sono riservati. Nessuna parte di questa pubblicazione può essere fotocopiata, riprodotta, archiviata, memorizzata o trasmessa in qualsiasi forma o mezzo – elettronico, meccanico, reprografi co, digitale – se non nei termini previsti dalla legge che tutela il Diritto d’Autore. Per altre informazioni si veda il sito www. mulino.it/edizioni/fotocopie 4 Sommario Premessa p. 7 CAPITOLO PRIMO: Medicina, fi losofi a, religione 13 1. Due giovani professori alla «Fridericiana» 13 2. Un confronto inevitabile 36 3. Il caso della «beata virgo» 62 4.
    [Show full text]
  • El Chileno Justo Donoso Y El Peruano Francisco De Paula González Vigil*
    Revista Chilena de Historia del Derecho, Nº 24 / 2013-2014 pp. 15-189 LA PRODUCCIÓN CANONISTA ITALIANA EN DOS PENSADORES HISPANOAMERICANOS DE COMIENZOS DEL SIGLO XIX: EL CHILENO JUSTO DONOSO Y EL PERUANO FRANCISCO DE PAULA GONZÁLEZ VIGIL* ANTONIO D OUGNAC R ODRÍGUEZ ** Universidad de Chile RESUMEN A través de este trabajo, el autor explora la in ] uencia que tuvieron los canonistas italianos, fundamentalmente de los siglos XVII y XVIII, sobre la obra de dos juristas- hispanoamericanos del siglo XIX: el chileno Justo Donoso y el peruano Francisco de Paula González Vigil. Al examinar en detalle el corpus bibliográ \ co de ambos, puede constatarse la predilección que tenían por los autores que defendían el Real Patrona- to, y que por cierto se contaban entre los intelectuales, ya fueran \ lósofos, juristas o teólogos, de la Ilustración Católica y quienes, en lo que respecta a las relaciones entre Iglesia y Estado, se manifestaban a favor del giurisdizionalismo , esto es, la doctrina que sostenía una disminución de los poderes papales y un acrecentamiento del epis- copal y civil. Palabras clave: Justo Donoso-Francisco de Paula González Vigil-derecho canónico- juristas italianos-siglo XVIII -relaciones Iglesia y Estado. ABSTRACT Through this work, the author explores the in ] uence that had the Italian canonists, mainly from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, on the works of two Hispanic jurists of the nineteenth century: the chilean Justo Donoso and the peruvian Francisco de Paula Gonzalez Vigil. Examining in detail the bibliographic corpus of both, it can be seen the preference they had for the autors that defended the Royal Patronage and who, by the way, were among the intellectuals, whether philosophers, jurists or theolo- gians of the Catholic Enlightenment and, regarding the relations between Church and State, were in favor of the giurisdizionalismo , that is, the doctrine that held a decreas e of Papal power and an enhancement of the episcopal and civil powers.
    [Show full text]
  • Catholic Moral Theology in the United States
    Catholic Moral Theology in the United States !@ QW Selected titles from the Moral Traditions Series James F. Keenan, SJ, series editor American Protestant Ethics and the Legacy of H. Richard Niebuhr William Werpehowski Aquinas, Feminism, and the Common Good Susanne M. DeCrane The Banality of Good and Evil Moral: Lessons from the Shoah and Jewish Tradition David R. Blumenthal A Call to Fidelity: On the Moral Theology of Charles E. Curran James J. Walter, Thomas A. Shannon, & Timothy E. O’Connell, Editors Catholic Moral Theology in the United States: A History Charles E. Curran The Catholic Moral Tradition Today: A Synthesis Charles E. Curran Catholic Social Teaching, 1891–Present: A Historical, Theological, and Ethical Analysis Charles E. Curran The Context of Casuistry James F. Keenan, SJ, & Thomas A. Shannon, Editors The Christian Case for Virtue Ethics Joseph J. Kotva Jr. The Critical Calling: Reflections on Moral Dilemmas Since Vatican II Richard A. McCormick, SJ Defending Probabilism: The Moral Theology of Juan Caramuel Julia Fleming Democracy on Purpose: Justice and the Reality of God Franklin I. Gamwell The Ethics of Aquinas Stephen J. Pope, Editor Ethics and Economics of Assisted Reproduction: The Cost of Longing Maura A. Ryan The Fellowship of Life: Virtue Ethics and Orthodox Christianity Joseph Woodill Feminist Ethics and Natural Law: The End of the Anathemas Cristina L. H. Traina The Global Face of Public Faith: Politics, Human Rights, and Christian Ethics David Hollenbach SJ The Ground Beneath the Cross: The Theology of Ignacio Ellacuría Kevin F. Burke, SJ Heroes, Saints, and Ordinary Morality Andrew M. Flescher Introduction to Jewish and Catholic Bioethics: A Comparative Analysis Aaron Mackler Jewish and Catholic Bioethics: An Ecumenical Dialogue Edmund D.
    [Show full text]
  • The Jesuits of the Low Countries: Identity and Impact (1540-1773)
    BIBLIOTHECA EPHEMERIDUM THEOLOGICARUM LOVANIENSIUM CCLI THE JESUITS OF THE LOW COUNTRIES: IDENTITY AND IMPACT (1540-1773) PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS AT THE FACULTY OF THEOLOGY AND RELIGIOUS STUDIES, KU LEUVEN (3-5 DECEMBER 2009) EDITED BY ROB FAESEN – LEO KENIS PEETERS LEUVEN – PARIS – WALPOLE, MA 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE . VII I. THE JESUITS IN THE LOW COUNTRIES Rob FAESEN (Leuven) Jesuit Spirituality in the Low Countries in Dialogue with the Older Mystical Tradition . 3 Wim DECOCK (Leuven) Towards a Jesuit Science of Law . 17 Harro HÖPFL (Essex) The Political Thought of the Jesuits in the Low Countries un- til 1630 . 43 Ralph DEKONINCK (Louvain-la-Neuve) The Society of the Spectacle: The Jesuits and the Visual Arts in the Low Countries . 65 Luce GIARD (Paris) Les collèges jésuites des anciens Pays-Bas et l’élaboration de la Ratio studiorum . 83 Geert VANPAEMEL (Leuven) Jesuit Mathematicians, Military Architecture and the Transmis- sion of Technical Knowledge . 109 Paul BEGHEYN (Amsterdam) The Jesuits in the Low Countries 1540-1733: Apostles of the Printing Press . 129 Gerrit VANDEN BOSCH (Mechelen) Saving Souls in th Dutch Vineyard: The Missio Hollandica of the Jesuits (1592-1708) . 139 Jan ROEGIERS (Leuven) Awkward Neighbours: The Leuven Faculty of Theology and the Jesuits College (1542-1773) . 153 X TABLE OF CONTENTS Joep VAN GENNIP (Nijmegen) Cornelius Hazart S.J. and the Jansenist Controversies, 1682-1690 . 177 Maurice WHITEHEAD (Swansea) The Jesuit Collegium Sancti Francisci Xaverii in South Wales and the South-West of England and Its Links with the Low Countries, ca. 1600-1679 . 197 Noël GOLVERS (Leuven) Reconstructing Western Book Collections in the Jesuit Mission in China (ca.
    [Show full text]
  • History of the Catholic Church from the Renaissance to the French Revolution Volume I By
    HISTORY OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH FROM THE RENAISSANCE TO THE FRENCH REVOLUTION VOLUME I BY Rev. JAMES MacCAFFREY Lic. Theol. (Maynooth), Ph.D. (Freiburg i. B.) Professor of Ecclesiastical History, St. Patrick's College, Maynooth Nihil Obstat: Thomas O'Donnell, C.M. Censor Theol. Deput. Imprimi Potest: Guilielmus, Archiep. Dublinen., Hiberniae Primas. Dublini, 16 Decembris, 1914. PREFACE The fifteenth century may be regarded as a period of transition from the ideals of the Middle Ages to those of modern times. The world was fast becoming more secular in its tendencies, and, as a necessary result, theories and principles that had met till then with almost universal acceptance in literature, in art, in education, and in government, were challenged by many as untenable. Scholasticism, which had monopolised the attention of both schools and scholars since the days of St. Anselm and Abelard, was called upon to defend its claims against the advocates of classical culture; the theocratico- imperial conception of Christian society as expounded by the canonists and lawyers of an earlier period was forced into the background by the appearance of nationalism and individualism, which by this time had become factors to be reckoned with by the ecclesiastical and civil rulers; the Feudal System, which had received a mortal blow by the intermingling of the classes and the masses in the era of the Crusades, was threatened, from above, by the movement towards centralisation and absolutism, and from below, by the growing discontent of the peasantry and artisans, who had begun to realise, but as yet only in a vague way, their own strength.
    [Show full text]
  • The Jesuits and Law Wim Decock
    The Jesuits and Law Wim Decock Wim Decock1 [email protected] Last modified: July 2018 1. Tensions between the active and the contemplative life In 1606, Claudio Acquaviva received the results of an enquiry into the state of spiritual health of the Society of Jesus: the De detrimentis Societatis. It revealed the main threats and weaknesses to which the Jesuit order was exposed. Generally speaking, the report De detrimentis Societatis laid bare a Society suffering from a kind of pubertal crisis.2 True to its mission of reconciling the active and the contemplative life, the young Society now felt itself torn between the opposites of its ideal. From the earliest days, the gradual institutionalization of the order and the endless flow of administrative norms produced for the sake of its global governance had irritated the more spiritually minded followers of Ignatius.3 Debates over the right interpretation of the Constitutions, the legal statutes of the Jesuit order, were fierce4. Jesuits were so good at counselling businessmen about the moral pitfalls involved in trading, that they became exposed to this risk themselves. At the beginning of the seventeenth century, Claudio Acquaviva found that the overextension of the Jesuits’ “out-reach” (effusio ad exteriora) was posing threats to the spiritual identity of the Society itself. Tensions arose that stemmed not only from differences in character, race and nationality of individual members, but also from their worldly ambitions and heavy work schedules. The Jesuits were kept so busy saying Masses and performing pastoral duties that their inner relationship to God actually began to suffer from it.
    [Show full text]