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Geese and crop damage in Sweden “Who, where, when and what”? © Magnus Friberg Johan Månsson, Teresa Montras Janer & Lovisa Nilsson Data used – Swedish compensation scheme 2,194 inspected and approved reports between year 2000-2015 Canada - not eligible Greylag - partly Barnacle & bean - eligible © J. Månsson Data used – Swedish compensation scheme 2,194 inspected and approved reports between year 2000-2015 Compiled in Teresa’s thesis © J. Månsson Who? Goose abundance - Sweden, 2018-2019 September October November January White-fronted 14 1628 4056 5046 Bean (taiga and tundra) 8208 68,119 42,631 39,175 Pink-footed 99 2546 376 264 Greylag 169,888 123,850 55,961 55,710 Lesser white-fronted 79 31 1 0 Canada 29,231 15819 18,564 54,865 Barnacle 33,231 178,391 307,623 59,660 Brent 300 558 44 0 Total 241,036 389,314 425,200 209,674 Nilsson and Haas 2019 – Lunds university Who? Don´t forget – also other species in the system Pairs • Common Crane 30 000 • Whooper swan 5 400 • Greylag 41 000 • Bean 850 • L. white-fronted 20 • Canada 17 000 • Barnacle 4 900 Ottoson mfl. 2012. Fåglarna i Sverige – antal och förekomst Who? …and even more species… Estimated loss by farmers Wildlife damage to agricultural crops in Sweden (questionnaire 2014) 20000 18000 HöstveteWheat (autumn sowned) 16000 VårkornBarley (spring sowned) 14000 12000 10000 8000 loss (1000 kg) 6000 Crop 4000 2000 0 WildboarVildsvin MooseÄlg RedKronhjort deer DovhjortFallow RoeRådjur deer CraneTrana GeeseGås deer Ländell & Funcke 2014 Who? Proportion of damage per species Whooper swan Bean goose 4% 4% Other n=2,194 reports 3% Greylag goose 27% Common crane 34% Barnacle goose 28% When? Timing of goose damage in Sweden © Magnus Friberg Crop damage © Teresa Montras Janer © Teresa Montras Janer © J. Månsson Damage – late summer 31 August before birds arrive Photo: 13 days later (13 Sept) 2 days later(15 Sept) – field harvested by cranes and greylags Where? Reported damage When? n=2,194 What? Barley Ley Wheat Rape seed Barnacle Common crane Bean Greylag Whooper Montras et al 2019 Who and what? Reported damaged crops differ between species Barnacle Grey lag Bean Vall,Ley, Betepastures Fodersäd,Coarse grain Fodersäd/vall (silage) KornBarley HavreOat HöstveteWheat (autumn sown) Råg,RågveteRye, triticale Carrot VårveteWheat (spring sown) Ley/pastures Barley BlandsädMixed grain RapsRape seed Common crane Whooper swan ÄrtväxterPeas SockerbetorPotatisPotatoe IsbergssalladLettuce Potatoe MorotCarrot Rape seed Månsson et al. 2011 Future? Future? Increasing goose numbers in January Goose individuals Nilsson and Haas 2019 No of damage reports No of damage reports Montras et al 2020 al et Montras Thanks to Tomas Pärt Ingunn Tombre Funding Swedish EPA FORMAS SLU © Magnus Friberg Compensation 5.0 1.0 Million EUROS Million 0 1 1997 1998 1999 Total Subsidies Compensation 2000 subsidies and 2001 2002 2003 2004 Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016.

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Egg Retrieval by Blue Geese.--Lorenz and Tinbergen (1938)
202 General Notes [Auk, Vol. 90 Egg retrieval by Blue Geese.--Lorenz and Tinbergen (1938) used egg-retrieval behavior of Greylag Geese (Anser anser) to study simple instinctive motor patterns with an orienting component (taxis). They consideredthat such innate motor patterns "may have great taxonomic value for a species,a gentis, or even for a whole phylum." Poulsen (1953), finding the behavior to be present in several distinct systematicgroups concludedthat egg-retrieval behavior had evolved convergently in these groupsand could not be used as a taxonomiccharacter. He listed 42 species representing12 orders that rolled displacedeggs back into nests and only 2 orders (Pelecaniformes,Passedformes) that did not. There was no variation between species within an order; either all speciestested retrieved eggs or none did. Poulsen (1953: 32) and Sowks (1955: 101-102) together list 12 speciesof Anseriformesthat re- trieved eggs (Cygnus 2, Anser 4, Tadorna 1, Anas 3, Aythya 2). It is thus of interest that no female Blue Geese (Anser caerulescens) of 10 tested by Gooch (1958: 102) retrieved displaced eggs. As Gooch pointed out, the absenceof egg- retrieval behavior in the Blue Goose, a speciesthat has been included in the New World genus Chen (A.O.U., 1957) might have taxonomic significanceat the generic level. The observations reported here show that the proclivity and ability to re- trieve eggs is well-developed in Blue Geese. Several authorities (e.g. Delacour and Mayr, 1945; Johnsgard, 1965) have regarded Chen as invalid, placing it in Anser. Both Blue and LesserSnow Geeseare regardedin this paper as color phasesof the polymorphic subspeciesAnser c.
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4 East Dongting Lake P3-19
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The History of Potato- Eating by Wildfowl in Britain
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107 Changes in numbers of staging and wintering geese in Sweden: 1977/78–2019/20 LEIF NILSSON1,* & HAKON KAMPE-PERSSON2 1Department of Biology, Biodiversity, University of Lund, Ecology Building, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden. 2Pulma i, Gl das pagasts, Jelgavas novads, LV-3040 N kotne, Latvia. *Correspondence author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Regular goose counts made throughout Sweden since 1977/78 show that the total numbers staging and wintering in the country have increased markedly over the decades. October totals were of 51,000 geese in 1977, rising to c. 600,000 in 2018, during which time January totals also increased from 31,000 to 252,000 birds. The greatest change recorded was for the Greylag Goose Anser anser, numbers of which rose from 20,000 to > 250,000 individuals over a 35-year period. Changes in migration and wintering habits have also been recorded, with mid-winter (January) Greylag Goose numbers now amounting to 20–33% of the September totals in recent years, illustrating increases in the proportion of the population now wintering in the country. Moreover, large numbers of Barnacle Geese Branta leucopsis have started to stage and over-winter in Sweden, and are now becoming the commonest species, with 365,000 recorded in autumn 2019. Key words: autumn, goose counts, migration patterns, population increase, winter. During recent decades, most Northwest which was formerly widespread across European goose populations have increased the Scandinavian mountain chain but is markedly (Madsen et al. 1999; Fox et al. now reduced to very few breeding pairs, 2010; Fox & Madsen 2017; Fox & Leafloor mainly in Norway, with a re-introduced 2018), with some reaching levels where population occurring in Sweden (Andersson they have come into conflict with & Holmqvist 2010; Fox & Leafloor agriculture when feeding on crops causes 2018).
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