January 2003 President - Glenn Harrison Editor - Jim Tompkins
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Trail News Fall 2018
Autumn2018 Parks and Recreation Swimming Pool Pioneer Community Center Public Library City Departments Community Information NEWS || SERVICES || INFORMATION || PROGRAMS || EVENTS City Matters—by Mayor Dan Holladay WE ARE COMMEMORATING the 175th IN OTHER EXCITING NEWS, approximately $350,000 was awarded to anniversary of the Oregon Trail. This is 14 grant applicants proposing to make improvements throughout Ore- our quarto-sept-centennial—say that five gon City utilizing the Community Enhancement Grant Program (CEGP). times fast. The CEGP receives funding from Metro, which operates the South Trans- In 1843, approximately 1,000 pioneers fer Station located in Oregon City at the corner of Highway 213 and made the 2,170-mile journey to Oregon. Washington Street. Metro, through an Intergovernmental Agreement Over the next 25 years, 400,000 people with the City of Oregon City, compensates the City by distributing a traveled west from Independence, MO $1.00 per ton surcharge for all solid waste collected at the station to be with dreams of a new life, gold and lush used for enhancement projects throughout Oregon City. These grants farmlands. As the ending point of the Ore- have certain eligibility requirements and must accomplish goals such as: gon Trail, the Oregon City community is marking this historic year ❚ Result in significant improvement in the cleanliness of the City. with celebrations and unique activities commemorating the dream- ❚ Increase reuse and recycling efforts or provide a reduction in solid ers, risk-takers and those who gambled everything for a new life. waste. ❚ Increase the attractiveness or market value of residential, commercial One such celebration was the Grand Re-Opening of the Ermatinger or industrial areas. -
Agricultural Development in Western Oregon, 1825-1861
Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 1-1-2011 The Pursuit of Commerce: Agricultural Development in Western Oregon, 1825-1861 Cessna R. Smith Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Smith, Cessna R., "The Pursuit of Commerce: Agricultural Development in Western Oregon, 1825-1861" (2011). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 258. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.258 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. The Pursuit of Commerce: Agricultural Development in Western Oregon, 1825-1861 by Cessna R. Smith A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History Thesis Committee: William L. Lang, Chair David A. Horowitz David A. Johnson Barbara A. Brower Portland State University ©2011 ABSTRACT This thesis examines how the pursuit of commercial gain affected the development of agriculture in western Oregon’s Willamette, Umpqua, and Rogue River Valleys. The period of study begins when the British owned Hudson’s Bay Company began to farm land in and around Fort Vancouver in 1825, and ends in 1861—during the time when agrarian settlement was beginning to expand east of the Cascade Mountains. Given that agriculture -
Interpretation and Conclusions
"LIKE NUGGETS FROM A GOLD MINEu SEARCHING FOR BRICKS AND THEIR MAKERS IN 'THE OREGON COUNTRY' B~f' Kmtm (1 COfwer~ ;\ th¢...i, ...uhmineJ Ilt SOIl(mla Slale UFU vcr,il y 11'1 partial fulfiUlT'Ietlt of the fCqlJln:mcntfi for the dcgr~ of MASTER OF ARTS tn Copyright 2011 by Kristin O. Converse ii AUTHORlZAnON FOR REPRODUCnON OF MASTER'S THESISIPROJECT 1pM' pernlt"j(m I~ n:pnll.lm.:til.m of Ihi$ rhais in ib endrel)" \Ii' !tbout runt\er uuthorilAtlOO fn.)m me. on the condiHt)Jllhat the per",)f1 Of a,eocy rl;!'(lucMing reproduction the "'OS$. and 1:Jf't)vi~ proper ackruJwkd,rnem nf auth.:If'l'htp. III “LIKE NUGGETS FROM A GOLD MINE” SEARCHING FOR BRICKS AND THEIR MAKERS IN „THE OREGON COUNTRY‟ Thesis by Kristin O. Converse ABSTRACT Purpose of the Study: The history of the Pacific Northwest has favored large, extractive and national industries such as the fur trade, mining, lumbering, fishing and farming over smaller pioneer enterprises. This multi-disciplinary study attempts to address that oversight by focusing on the early brickmakers in „the Oregon Country‟. Using a combination of archaeometry and historical research, this study attempts to make use of a humble and under- appreciated artifact – brick – to flesh out the forgotten details of the emergence of the brick industry, its role in the shifting local economy, as well as its producers and their economic strategies. Procedure: Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis was performed on 89 red, common bricks archaeologically recovered from Fort Vancouver and 113 comparative samples in an attempt to „source‟ the brick. -
Road to Oregon Written by Dr
The Road to Oregon Written by Dr. Jim Tompkins, a prominent local historian and the descendant of Oregon Trail immigrants, The Road to Oregon is a good primer on the history of the Oregon Trail. Unit I. The Pioneers: 1800-1840 Who Explored the Oregon Trail? The emigrants of the 1840s were not the first to travel the Oregon Trail. The colorful history of our country makes heroes out of the explorers, mountain men, soldiers, and scientists who opened up the West. In 1540 the Spanish explorer Coronado ventured as far north as present-day Kansas, but the inland routes across the plains remained the sole domain of Native Americans until 1804, when Lewis and Clark skirted the edges on their epic journey of discovery to the Pacific Northwest and Zeb Pike explored the "Great American Desert," as the Great Plains were then known. The Lewis and Clark Expedition had a direct influence on the economy of the West even before the explorers had returned to St. Louis. Private John Colter left the expedition on the way home in 1806 to take up the fur trade business. For the next 20 years the likes of Manuel Lisa, Auguste and Pierre Choteau, William Ashley, James Bridger, Kit Carson, Tom Fitzgerald, and William Sublette roamed the West. These part romantic adventurers, part self-made entrepreneurs, part hermits were called mountain men. By 1829, Jedediah Smith knew more about the West than any other person alive. The Americans became involved in the fur trade in 1810 when John Jacob Astor, at the insistence of his friend Thomas Jefferson, founded the Pacific Fur Company in New York. -
Table of Contents
Meet Multnomah County fy2009 adopted budget Table of Contents Introduction ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������3 Population ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������3 Population by Race and Ethnicity ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 4 Age Trends ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 4 Households and Families �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������5 Employment �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������6 Unemployment Rate ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 6 Industries ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7 Income ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������8 Education �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������9 -
Ghost Hunter's Guide
Ghost Hunter’s Guide Guide Ghost Hunter’s to and the Ghost Hunter’s Guide Portland and the Oregon Coast to and the Oregon Coast Oregon Portland This comprehensive guide to the haunts and history of Portland and the surrounding areas explores more than ninety spectral sites. From the haunted Heathman Hotel to the restless souls of Oregon Coast the Lone Fir Cemetery, from the wailing spirits trapped in the Shanghai Tunnels to the mournful Grey Lady of the Heceta Head to Lighthouse, the storied past of the Oregon Coast can still be Portland experienced. Relive the region’s days as a series of frontier towns through the Gold Rush, wars, and modern times. This companion to publicly accessible sites includes ghost-hunting instructions and tips, as well as helpful checklists for getting the most out of your next supernatural encounter. Jeff Dwyer, an expert ghost hunter, has been fascinated by local history and ghost lore since boyhood. A much-sought-after paranormal investigator, Dwyer makes appearances on the Travel Channel’s Ghost Adventures and is a regular guest on local and national radio and television programs. He is the author of Ghost Hunter’s Guide to California’s Gold Rush Country, Ghost Hunter’s Guide to California’s Wine Country, Ghost Hunter’s Guide to Los Angeles, Ghost Hunter’s Guide to Monterey and Dwyer California’s Central Coast, Ghost Hunter’s Guide to New Orleans, Ghost Hunter’s Guide to Seattle and Puget Sound, and Ghost Hunter’s Guide to the San Francisco Bay Area: Revised Edition. He lives in Fairfield, California. -
Proclamation
PROCLAMATION Whereas, the Oregon Territory’s Portland was originally known as The Clearing or “Stumptown,” indicating why there was a clearing; and Whereas, Francis Pettygrove and Asa Lovejoy jointly held a land claim at “Stumptown;” and Whereas, these two land-claim holders wanted to incorporate their developing township into a City; and Whereas, Mr. Pettygrove wanted “Stumptown” named Portland after the City in Maine from whence he came; and Whereas, Mr. Lovejoy wanted “Stumptown” named Boston after the City in Massachusetts from whence he came; and Whereas, there was a coin toss in 1845 in the Territorial Capitol, Oregon City, to determine which would be the name of “Stumptown;” and Whereas, the coin toss is believed to have occurred at the Ermatinger House, the last remaining Hudson’s Bay Company residential structure in the United States; and Whereas, Mr. Pettygrove won two of the three coin tosses resulting in “Stumptown” being named Portland; and Whereas, Main Street Oregon City reenacted the coin toss on the evening of July 26, 2014, the date of Oregon City’s annual First City Celebration; and Whereas, an on-line poll determined that heads would be Portland; and Whereas, Oregon State Representative Brent Barton, from Oregon City, Oregon City’s Mayor Doug Neeley and Commissioner Kathy Roth each flipped a penny; and Whereas, the coin toss resulted in two heads and one tail. Now, Therefore, I, Doug Neeley, Mayor of the City of Oregon City, do proclaim that “Stumptown” will continue to be named Portland until Oregon City has another reenactment of the Pettygrove-Lovejoy coin toss. -
Lower Columbia River Guide
B OATING G UIDE TO THE Lower Columbia & Willamette Rivers The Oregon State Marine Board is Oregon’s recreational boating agency. The Marine Board is dedicated to safety, education and access in an enhanced environment. The Extension Sea Grant Program, a component of the Oregon State University Extension Service, provides education, training, and technical assistance to people with ocean-related needs and interests. As part of the National Sea Grant Program, the Washington Sea Grant Marine Advisory Services is dedicated to encouraging the understanding, wise use, development, and con- servation of our ocean and coastal resources. The Washington State Parks and Recreation Commission acquires, operates, enhances and protects a diverse system of recreational, cultural, historical and natural sites. The Commission fosters outdoor recreation and education statewide to provide enjoyment and enrichment for all and a valued legacy for future generations. SMB 250-424-2/99 OSU Extension Publication SG 86 First Printing May, 1992 Second Printing November, 1993 Third Printing October, 1995 Fourth Printing February, 1999 Fifth Printing September, 2003 Sixth Printing June, 2007 Extension Service, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Lyla Houglum, director. This publication was produced and distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, 1914. Extension work is a cooperative program of Oregon State University, the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Oregon counties. The Extension Sea Grant Program is supported in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. Oregon State University Extension Service offers educational programs, activities, and materials - without regard to race, color, national origin, sex, age, or disability - as required by Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title IX of Education Amendments of 1972, and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. -
The Flip of a Coin Changed Oregon Forever from an Article by Bellevue Rare Coins, March 10, 2014
The Flip of a Coin Changed Oregon Forever From an article by Bellevue Rare Coins, March 10, 2014 In the mid-19th century, the area that is now Portland, Oregon, wasn’t much more than an endless stand of ancient evergreens rising around the banks of the Willamette River. One day in 1843 or 1844, while traveling from Fort Vancouver to Oregon City by canoe, a pioneer from Tennessee and a lawyer from Boston stopped to rest in a pleasant site that had been cleared of trees. The Tennessean, William Overton, liked the look of the place, but he didn’t have the required twenty- five cents to make a claim on the land. So, he sold half of the 640-acre site to Asa Lovejoy and the two men began to build roads and put up the first buildings on the site that was simply called “The Clearing.” Overton, however, was a traveling man, and when he was ready to move on, he sold his share of the land to Francis Pettygrove of Maine who built a log store that he operated with Lovejoy. In 1845, there were four streets in “The Clearing” and discussion began about what the new town would be named. Lovejoy, who had been born in Massachusetts, suggested they name the settlement Boston, but Pettygrove, a Mainer, wanted to represent his home state by giving “The Clearing” the name of Portland. The two men couldn’t come to an agreement, so they settled on one of the day’s Heads, it’s “Portland” customary methods of dispute resolution: they decided to flip a coin, best two out of three gets to name the town. -
Carol Hewitt in the U.S. District Court by TOM BALMER
on CH THE U.S. DISTRICT COURT OF OREGON HISTORICAL SOCIETY NEWSLETTER Setting the Standard Carol Hewitt in the U.S. District Court By TOM BALMER arol Hewitt (1945-1993) was one of a hand- capsule history of the changes in law and society C ful of women who literally changed the face over the last thirty years. This is Part 1 of a two- of the Oregon legal community during the 1970s part article. and 1980s. Hewitt was the first woman in two de- cades to serve as a judicial law clerk with the U.S. Hewitt's 1969-70 clerkship with Judge Solomon District Court for the District of Oregon, the first had a lasting influence on her career as a lawyer. Oregon woman invited to join the American Col- But it almost didn't happen. Judge Solomon had lege of Trial Lawyers, the first woman to be a name been active in breaking down barriers that excluded partner in a large Portland firm. She played the same Jews and other minorities from full participation in pioneering role in private practice that Justice Betty Oregon's civic life, but he had never before hired a Roberts and Judge Helen Frye, respectively, played woman law clerk. In an oral history interview, fol- in the state appellate and federal courts. Invariably lowing a discussion of his earlier efforts to open up gracious in accepting public accolades and awards Portland law firms to Jewish lawyers, Judge for her "firsts," Hewitt privately downplayed be- Solomon described his decision to hire Hewitt: ing first as a reason for recognition. -
“The Cowlitz Farm on Which the Newly-Married Couple Settled Was a Subsidiary of the Main Headquarters of the Puget Sound Agricultural Company at Nisqually
“The Cowlitz Farm on which the newly-married couple settled was a subsidiary of the main headquarters of the Puget Sound Agricultural Company at Nisqually. The Company’s sole function was to raise foodstuffs for the Russian American settlement with which the HBC had contracted in 1839 to furnish provisions. Francis Ermatinger’s appointment to the Cowlitz Farm was much like giving him a year’s vacation.” McDonald, p249. Cowlitz farm was on the land of the Cowlitz and Chehalis Indians, and was located between the Columbia River and Puget Sound at the head of the Cowlitz River near the present-day town of Toledo, Lewis County, Washington. Cowlitz was the Puget Sound Agricultural Company’s headquarters for the production of grain, peas and potatoes. There is still farming on the land but no buildings stand from the Hudson’s Bay Company farm. It had nearly 1,000 acres of fenced land (later up to 4,000 acres) and potatoes, wheat, barley, peas and oats were raised there. In 1841, 8,000 bushels of wheat and 4,000 bushels of oats were harvested by the Hudson’s Bay Company farmers. By 1853- 54 the farm was taken over by the Americans. From this farm and also Fort Nisqually’s farm produce was shipped to the Russians in Alaska, to the Spanish in California, to HBC forts and posts in the Northwest, and to the independent kingdom of Hawaii (Sandwich Islands). John Tod, who managed the farm for a short time, remembered: "We had 1,000 acres ploughed, also a fine horse park and large dairy." (Wolfenden, 1954). -
The Fifty-One Percent Solution
Pizza Toss. World pizza champion Tony Gemigniani demonstrates his pizza-tossing form. In a pizza toss, the angular momentum vector is very close to the normal vector. Thus the pizza never turns over, and always lands “heads”. (Photo courtesy of Tony F. Gemigniani, President, World Pizza Champions, Inc.) 34 What’s Happening in the Mathematical Sciences The Fifty-one Percent Solution or centuries, coins have been an icon of randomness. Who hasn’t flipped a coin to decide between two equally Fappealing alternatives—which restaurant to go to, which road to take? Especially when the choice doesn’t matter too much, tossing a coin beats thinking. But sometimes, even important choices are left to the caprice of a coin. In 1845, two settlers in the Oregon Territory, AsaLovejoyand FrancisPettygrove,founded anewtown on the banks of the Willamette River. Lovejoy wanted to name it after his birthplace, Boston, but Pettygrove preferred to name it after his own hometown—Portland, Maine. A coin toss seemed like the fairest way to settle the dispute. The penny landed in Pettygrove’s favor, and that is why the largest city in Oregonis now called Portland, instead of Boston. Persi Diaconis and Susan The implicit assumption behind coin flips has always been Holmes. that that they are fair—in other words, that heads and tails have an equal chance of occurring. However, a team of three mathematicians has now proved that this assumption is incor- rect. Any coin that is tossed vigorously and high, and caught in midair (rather than bouncing on the ground) has about a 51 percent chance of landing with the same face up that it started with.