social sciences $€ £ ¥ Article Reflexivity and Structural Positions: The Effects of Generation, Gender and Education Tea Golob 1 and Matej Makaroviˇc 1,2,* 1 School of Advanced Social Studies in Nova Gorica, Institute for Social Transformations, Gregorˇciˇceva19, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia 2 Faculty of Information Studies, Ljubljanska 31a, SI-8000 Novo Mesto, Slovenia * Correspondence:
[email protected] Received: 5 June 2019; Accepted: 21 August 2019; Published: 27 August 2019 Abstract: This article examines how reflexivity, as understood by Margaret Archer, is affected by the structural settings in the context of morphogenetic social and cultural transformations. It draws on the Slovenian national case as an example of swift structural and cultural shifts towards late modernity. For that purpose, we apply a new measurement tool developed through our previous research, which upgrades Archer’s existing ICONI model by distinguishing between the intensity and the concurrent practicing of the reflexivity modes within the inner dialogue. Based on a general national sample, we confirm not only the reflexivity changes from the older to the younger generations but also the role of education and gender in reflexivity levels and modes. We refer to the problem of deprivation and the importance of linking fractured reflexivity to the challenges, women are facing nowadays. Thus, the article confirms some of the critics of Archer’s work, demonstrating—despite significant individual differences—the clear impact of the individual’s background and her/his position in the social structure. Keywords: reflexivity; Margaret Archer; structure; Slovenia; morphogenetic transformation 1. Introduction The purpose of this article is to provide an empirical observation on how individuals’ reflexivity is affected by their positions in the social structure.