Review 1: Community Engagement for Health Via Coalitions, Collaborations and Partnerships
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EPPI-Centre Review 1: Community engagement for health via coalitions, collaborations and partnerships A systematic review Ginny Brunton, Jenny Caird, Gillian Stokes, Claire Stansfield, Dylan Kneale, Michelle Richardson, James Thomas EPPI-Centre Social Science Research Unit UCL Institute of Education University College London EPPI-Centre report • July 2015 REPORT The authors of this report are: G Brunton, J Caird, G Stokes, C Stansfield, D Kneale, M Richardson, J Thomas (EPPI-Centre). Acknowledgements We would like to acknowledge the thoughtful discussions provided by our Advisory Group: Professor Angela Harden (Professor of Community and Family Health, University of East London), Dr Janet Harris (Senior Lecturer, University of Sheffield), Professor Jane South (Professor of Healthy Communities, Leeds Beckett University) and Dr Phil Taverner (Assistant Director, Public Health Research Programme, National Institute for Health Research) Funding This is an independent report commissioned and funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). The views expressed are not necessarily those of NICE. Conflicts of interest There were no conflicts of interest in the writing of this report. Contributions The opinions expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the EPPI- Centre or the funders. Responsibility for the views expressed remains solely with the authors. This report should be cited as: Brunton G, Caird J, Stokes G, Stansfield C, Kneale D, Richardson M, Thomas J (2015) Review 1: Community engagement for health via coalitions, collaborations and partnerships – a systematic review. London: EPPI Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London. ISBN: 978-1-907345-74-6 © Copyright 2014 Authors of the systematic reviews on the EPPI-Centre website (http://eppi.ioe.ac.uk/) hold the copyright for the text of their reviews. The EPPI- Centre owns the copyright for all material on the website it has developed, including the contents of the databases, manuals, and keywording and data- extraction systems. The centre and authors give permission for users of the site to display and print the contents of the site for their own non-commercial use, providing that the materials are not modified, copyright and other proprietary notices contained in the materials are retained, and the source of the material is cited clearly following the citation details provided. Otherwise users are not permitted to duplicate, reproduce, re-publish, distribute, or store material from this website without express written permission. i Contents Glossary ......................................................................................... 1 Abbreviations ................................................................................... 4 Executive summary ............................................................................ 5 1. Background ................................................................................ 10 1.1 Review context ....................................................................... 10 1.2 Aims and objectives of the review ................................................. 11 1.3 Research questions ................................................................... 11 1.4 Operational definitions .............................................................. 11 1.5 Identification of possible equality and other equity issues .................... 12 1.6 Review team .......................................................................... 12 2. Methodology ............................................................................... 13 2.1 Evidence identification .............................................................. 13 2.2 Retrieval of data...................................................................... 15 2.3 Evidence selection ................................................................... 15 2.4 Quality appraisal ..................................................................... 17 2.5 Data extraction ....................................................................... 17 2.6 Synthesis ............................................................................... 19 2.7 Formulation of evidence statements .............................................. 19 2.8 Quality assurance ..................................................................... 20 3. Findings .................................................................................... 21 3.1 Flow of studies through the review ................................................ 21 3.2 Advisory group consultation......................................................... 22 3.3 Country of study/year of publication .............................................. 23 3.4 Methodological quality of studies .................................................. 24 3.5 Specific aspects of included studies ............................................... 24 3.6 Comparison of newly identified studies with similar studies in the previous review ...................................................................................... 45 3.7 Evidence statements for coalitions, collaborations or partnerships .......... 47 4. Discussion .................................................................................. 60 4.1 Main findings .......................................................................... 60 4.2 Strengths of the review .............................................................. 60 4.3 Limitations of the review ........................................................... 61 4.4 Gaps in the evidence ................................................................. 61 5. Conclusions and recommendations ..................................................... 62 6. References ................................................................................. 63 ii Appendices .................................................................................... 67 Appendix 1: Sample search strategies ................................................. 67 Appendix 2: Flow of studies through the review process ........................... 69 Appendix 3: Evidence tables ............................................................ 70 Appendix 4: Completed quality appraisal checklist .................................. 71 Appendix 5: Level and extent of community engagement: included studies (N=28) ............................................................................................... 73 Appendix 6: Outcome categories, direction of effect and number of outcomes: Included studies (N=28) .................................................................. 75 Appendix 7: List of excluded studies at full-text stage ............................. 79 Protocol for Review 2 ....................................................................... 84 Moving from Review 1 (Map) to Review 2 (In-depth synthesis) ..................... 84 Methods ..................................................................................... 84 Timelines ................................................................................... 87 References ................................................................................. 87 Appendices to protocol ...................................................................... 88 Appendix P1: Advisory Group members ................................................ 88 Appendix P2: Conceptual framework of community engagement in health interventions (O’Mara-Eves et al. 2013) ............................................... 89 Appendix P3: Processes of community engagement and process evaluations quality assessment tool .................................................................. 90 iii Glossary Beneficial effect: An outcome that is statistically significant and in favour of the intervention group, i.e. in a positive direction of effect. BMI: Body Mass Index is the calculation of weight-for-height normally used to classify people’s weight as underweight, overweight or obese. It is calculated by taking a person’s weight in kilograms and dividing it by the square of the person’s height in metres (kg/m2). Coalitions, partnerships, collaborations: A group or alliance comprised of community members with a shared purpose to perform a combined action. These can be temporary or ongoing and can be a pre-existing group or a group assembled for a specific project. In addition to community members, other members can be researchers, service providers, government organisations, non-governmental organisations or charities. Collaboration: An action whereby community members have shared responsibility and authority for design, intervention delivery or measurement tools and data collection with others or as part of a team. Community: A group of people identified by themselves or by others as sharing common health, social, cultural or geographical characteristics. Community-based participatory research (CBPR): Partnership approaches to research that provide equality to community members, organisational representatives and academic researchers by involving them in every aspect of the research process (Israel et al. 1998). Community engagement: Community-level interventions or interventions that involve a group of people connected by geographies, interests or identities in the design, development, implementation or evaluation of an intervention. Participants must include members of the public or patients (more than health professionals, pharmacists, public health nurses, other health semi-professionals)