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Comprehensive Social Policies for Development in a Globalizing World Comprehensive Social and Employment Polices for Development in a Globalizing World

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Comprehensive Social Policies for Development in a Globalizing World Comprehensive Social and Employment Polices for Development in a Globalizing World Kannen koko: 173 x 246, selkä 11 mm Inequality is increasing both globally and lo the fragmentation of responses by Govern the possibilities of reaching the broader community. A Roundtable of social and employment organizations and academia from the Glob and innovative responses in light of the cas concluded that people-centered, from the invisible hands of the market. The experts recommend that priority as an essential component of bala sustainable development. The broad vision This publication is based on the Experts' in Kellokoski, Finland, at the invitation of th entitled "New Consensus on was drafted by the Expert's Meeting. Also Regional Social P Street address: K Edited by Postal addr T Ronald Wiman, Timo Voipio, Matti Ylönen T Ex Int Comprehensive Social Policies for Development in a Globalizing World Comprehensive Social and Employment Polices for Development in a Globalizing World Report based on an Expert Meeting at Kellokoski, Finland November 1–3, 2006 Edited by Ronald Wiman, Timo Voipio, Matti Ylönen Published by the Minstry for Foreign Affairs in co- operation with the Ministry for Social Affairs and Health and STAKES, the Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Editors: Ronald Wiman is Development Manager at STAKES, the National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health, Finland Timo Voipio is Social Policy Adviser at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Finland Matti Ylönen is Research Assistant at STAKES ISBN: 978-951-724-584-5 COMPREHENSIVE SOCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT POLICIES FOR DEVELOPMENT IN A GLOBALIZING WORLD 3 Contents TO THE READER . .5 I . FOREWORd – REVitALIZING THE COPENHAGEN AGENDA . .7 II . NEW CONSENSUS ON COMPREHENSIVE SOCIAL POLICIES FOR DEVELOPMENT . 12 1 . Comprehensive Social Policies in National Development Strategies . 13 2 . Regional Social Policies . 14 3 . Global Social Policies and Financing the UN . 15 III . BACKGROUND REPORT ON SOCIAL POLicY CHALLENGES IN tHE GLOBAL SOutH, AND RESPONSES BY DONORS AND muLtiLATERAL AGENCIES . 18 1 . The Road to the Current Policy Dialogue . 18 1.1. Balanced Development is Sustainable Development. 19 1.2. The two Agendas: Economic Growth and Human Development . 21 1.3. Imbalance Between Agendas and Agencies in the Field. 24 1.4. The Widening Policy Dialogue. 30 1.5. A New Opening. 33 1.6. A Comprehensive Agenda. 35 1.7. Conceptualizations of Social Policy. 40 2 . Country Cases: Challenges and Examples of New Strategic Solutions at National Level . 43 2.1. Tanzania: Aiming at Universal Access to Basic Services. 43 2.2. Zambia: Cash Transfers Work Against Poverty . 46 2.3. India: Right to Work as Social Policy . 47 2.4. Republic of South Africa: Social and Employment Policies Must Go Together . 48 2.5. Namibia: Social Welfare Sector Reform Implies Policy Reorientation 50 3 . Responses by International Agencies and Donors . 53 3.1. Regional Social Policies: Challenges and Opportunities. 53 3.2. Global Civil Society Organizations and Networks. 57 3.3. The UN Department for Social And Economic Affairs: Guidelines on Social Policy . 65 3.4. The World Bank: Identifying New Frontiers of Social Policy . 68 COMPREHENSIVE SOCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT POLICIES FOR DEVELOPMENT IN A GLOBALIZING WORLD 3.5. ILO: the Decent Work Agenda and Social Protection as Affordable Investment in Economic and Social Development. 71 3.6. UNICEF/ South Asia: Social Policy as a Transformative Agent . 75 3.6. The UNDP : Towards One UN . 76 3.7. UN Reform: Delivering as One UN at the Country Level . 77 3.8. The European Union: Striving Towards Policy Cohernece . 82 3.9. OECD: The Pro-Poor Growth Agenda. 86 3.10. Innovative Approaches by Selected Donors . 88 4 . The Research Perspective . .98 4.1. United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) 98 4.2. Tanzania: From Generalized Insecurity to Transformative Social Protection . 100 4.3. Finland: Historical Combination of Equity and Efficiency . 102 4.4. Conclusion by the Sida-UNRISD Seminar on Social Policy in Development Context: Translating Research in Practice . 103 IV . THE WAY FORWARd – A CALL FOR STRATEGic ActiON . 107 V . SOciAL POLiciES FOR DEVELOPMENT – A FINNisH PERSPEctiVE 110 ANNEXES Annex 1: JOHANNESBURG DECLARATION IN SUPPORT OF. 123 AN AFRICAN REGIONAL SOCIAL POLICY. 123 ANNEX 2: TOWARDS AN AFRICAN REGIONAL SOCIAL POLICY . 125 ANNEX 3: List OF AbbREVIAtiONS . 147 ANNEX 4: List OF PARticiPANts OF THE KELLOKOSKI EXPERts’ MEEtiNG ON SOCIAL POLiciES FOR DEVELOPMENT IN A GLOBALIZING WORLD . 150 COMPREHENSIVE SOCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT POLICIES FOR DEVELOPMENT IN A GLOBALIZING WORLD TO THE READER This document is based on the inputs and discussions at the Experts’ Meeting on “Social policies for development in a globalizing world”, held at the Baltic Sea Centre in Kellokoski, Finland, November 1–3, 2006. It also makes reference to the results of the Seminar on “Social Policy in Development Context” organized in Sweden by the Swedish International Development Agency, Sida, and the United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, UNRISD. The seminar in Sweden on October 31st, 2006 examined the results of the five-year research programme of UNRISD, sponsored by Sweden. The purpose is to provide a broader and more detailed conceptual background to the Policy Note: “New Consensus on Comprehensive Social and Employment Policies for Development” that was drafted by the Kellokoski Expert’s Meeting as an input to discussions to be held during the UN Commission for Social Development (CsocD), New York, February 2007. The document draws from the inputs, discussions and outputs of the Finland and Sweden events and aims to put the Policy Note in its conceptual, factual and policy context. The first section of the document contains a foreword by the Finnish Delegation to the 45th session of the UN Commission for Social Development (CsocD). The second section presents the Policy Note that resulted from the Experts’ meeting. The third section contains a background document for the Policy Note. This is derived from the inputs and discussions at the Finland and Sweden events. Its first chapter introduces briefly the path that led to the current dialogue on social policy and development at the global level. The second chapter maps the social policy challenges that have to be managed in the Global South as well as globally. This is done through the analyses by the Tanzanian, South African, Zambian, Indian, and Namibian partners, who provided concrete cases describing the social policy challenges and innovative responses in the Global South. The third chapter describes some recent responses by international stakeholders to these challenges. This chapter then draws on inputs by a number of intergovernmental organizations, global NGOs, and donor governments. The chapter on Research Perspectives refers to the results of the UNRISD research programme “Social Policy in a Development Context”, which was reviewed at the Stockholm event, and the views of researchers in the partner countries as reflected in the inputs to the Finland event. The chapter on Ways Forward is based on the group work and discussions at the Finland event. The outcome is elaborated in the Policy Note that was drafted by a small drafting team and circulated for comments among the participants of the COMPREHENSIVE SOCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT 6 POLICIES FOR DEVELOPMENT IN A GLOBALIZING WORLD Finland event. The last section describes the perspectives of Finland regarding social policy for development. The original inputs to the Experts’ Meeting are available on the internet at <http://groups .stakes fi/. KEKE/EN/kellokoski> The interpretations contained in this document are intended to reflect the spirit of the inputs. However, this is a “second generation” document rather than a traditional meeting report. It aims at taking the discussion one step further and therefore much additional material has also been used. The editors are responsible for eventual inaccuracies contained in this publication. COMPREHENSIVE SOCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT POLICIES FOR DEVELOPMENT IN A GLOBALIZING WORLD I. FOREWORd – REVitALIZING THE COPENHAGEN AGENDA Foreword by the Delegation of Finland to the 45th Session of the CSocD Finland, in close partnership with Sweden, invited a group of social and employment policy experts – including policy makers, practitioners and policy analysts from developing and developed countries – to an Experts’ Meeting on Social Policies for Development in a Globalizing World in Kellokoski, Finland, 1–2 November, 2006. The main goal of the Meeting was to support and contribute to the follow-up of the Copenhagen World Summit for Social Development (WSSD) and related processes. A specific task of the Meeting was to make sure that some well-informed voices from Africa are heard and listened to by Northern partners, and that the Southern and Northern partners then jointly prepare a Policy Note that might attract the attention of all country groups participating in the inter-governmental discussions during the next session of the UN Commission for Social Development (CSocD), 7–16 February, 2007 in New York. The Kellokoski Experts’ Meeting aimed at facilitating a global process to promote the design and implementation of appropriate approaches and models of comprehensive social and employment policies in Africa and in other parts of the ‘Global South’. The event was one step in a multi-stakeholder partnership and dialogue of like- minded countries, agencies and experts. It built on the results achieved thus far by the partners. It was closely co-ordinated
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