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Signal Issue 35
Signal Issue 35 Tricks of the Trade Dave Porter G4OYX and Alan Beech G1BXG We continue to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the start of offshore commercial radio in the UK and are now in June 1965. By this time, the number of stations on the air was increasing steadily, taking advantage of the (lack of) laws at the time with regard to operations in International Waters. The first two stations, Caroline and Atlanta, had used 10 kW AM transmitters by Continental Electronics employing their patented version of screen grid modulation but, just prior to Christmas 1964, the US-inspired and -built station of Radio London on the former US minesweeper USS Density renamed M/V Galaxy was on the air with test transmissions on 266 m, 1124 kHz, running, at first, 17 kW. This 50 kW transmitter was an RCA BTA-50H and was the first of many in the offshore fleet to employ the ‘Ampliphase’ approach. From ‘outphasing’ to ‘Ampliphase’ Amplitude from phase The theory of what became known as ‘Ampliphase’ was The principle of ‘Ampliphase’ is to take a single frequency proposed and developed in France by Henry Chireix in drive source, split it into two feeds, phase modulate each 1935 who called the technique ‘outphasing’. feed, amplify as required and add the two signals in a combining network. Amplitude modulation is achieved by ‘Outphasing’ was not taken up initially by RCA but by the degree of addition or subtraction due to the phase McClatchy Broadcasting in the late 1940s, first at KFBK, difference between the two signals. -
Es 201 980 V3.2.1 (2012-06)
ETSI ES 201 980 V3.2.1 (2012-06) ETSI Standard Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM); System Specification 2 ETSI ES 201 980 V3.2.1 (2012-06) Reference RES/JTC-DRM-26 Keywords broadcasting, digital, DRM, radio ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. © European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012. -
DRM 2020 Review
DRM 2020 Review DIGITAL radio for all www.drm.org Contents Foreword ................................................................................................................................ 3 Section 2 DRM Technically Better Than Ever ................................................. 12 Section 1 – Global DRM Reaches Beyond India • DRM Simplified ETSI Reccommendations India Update.......................................................................................................................... 5 • DRM for FM – An Even More Efficient Solution Now Available • Latest Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) Developments in India • Digital Radio Digital Radio European Electronic Communications Code • DRM Consortium Announces Creation of DRM Automotive Workgroup Sends Powerful Message to Countries Adopting DRM Globally for India • DRM – Key Member of the Digital Radio Standards Family • DRM Gospell Receivers Available to Buy in India Through Antriksh • DRM Handbook Updated Digital Solutions • Over to Your: Your Questions on DRM Answered Pakistan .................................................................................................................................. 9 Section 3 – DRM Showcases Reach Further in 2020..................................... 14 • Pakistan Digitisation and Automotive Policy Plans • DRM Holds Virtual General Assembly • IBC – Best DRM IBC event in its History Indonesia................................................................................................................................ 9 • DRM -
DRM Implementation Guide
digital radio for all DIGITAL radio mondiale DRM Introduction and Implementation Guide Revision 3 www.drm.org February 2018 D E T A D P U digital radio for all DIGITAL radio mondiale IMPRESSUM The DRM Digital Broadcasting System Introduction and Implementation Guide Copyright: DRM Consortium, Postal Box 360, CH – 1218 Grand-Saconnex, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission. Published and produced by the DRM Consortium Editors: Nigel Laflin, Lindsay Cornell Date of Publication: Revision 3, February 2018 Designed by: Matthew Ward For inquiries and orders contact: [email protected] www.drm.org Registered address: DRM Consortium, PO BOX 360, CH – 1218, Grand-Saconnex, Geneva, Switzerland @drmdigitalradio www.facebook.com/digitalradiomondiale.drm 2 The DRM Digital Broadcasting System Introduction and Implementation Guide PREFACE This guide is aimed at the management of broadcasting organisations in areas of policy making as well as in programme making and technical planning. It explains in some detail the advantages gained by radio broadcasters introducing the DRM ® Digital Radio Mondiale™ technology and some of the technical and commercial considerations they need to take into account in formulating a strategy for its introduction. The guide is a development of the previous ‘Broadcast User Guide’ and includes information on latest system and regulatory aspects for the introduction of the various DRM system variants. It also includes links to reports and articles on an extensive range of highly successful real-life trials. Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) is the universal, openly standardised digital broadcasting system for all broadcasting frequencies up to 300 MHz, including the AM bands (LF, MF, HF) and VHF bands I, II (FM band) and III. -
Hans Knot International Radio Report April 2016 Welcome to Another
Hans Knot International Radio Report April 2016 Welcome to another edition of the International Radio Report. Thanks all for your e mails, memories, photos, questions and more. Part of the report is what was left after the March edition was totally filled and so let’s go with this edition in which first there’s space for a story I wrote last months after again doing some research: ‘Ronan O’Rahilly, Georgie Fame and the Blue Fames. Where it really went wrong!’ On this subject I’ve written before but let’s go back in time and also add some new facts to it: ‘Was Ronan O’Rahilly the manager of Georgie Fame?’ I can tell you there was a problem with an important instrument. When in April 1964 Granada Television came with an edition of the ‘World in action’ series, which was a production from Michael Hodges, they informed the television public about a new form of Piracy, the watery pirates. Two radio ships bringing music and entertainment under the names of Radio Caroline and Radio Atlanta. Radio Caroline was the first 20th century Pirate off the British coast with programs, at that stage, for 12 hours a day. Interviews with the Caroline people were made in the offices of Queen Magazine in the city of London and included – among others – Jocelyn Stevens and the then 23-year old Irish Ronan O’Rahilly. During this documentary it became known, which we would also read in several newspapers in the then following weeks, that Ronan O’Rahilly had started his radiostation Caroline as he couldn’t get his artists played on stations like Radio Luxembourg. -
WBU Radio Guide
FOREWORD The purpose of the Digital Radio Guide is to help engineers and managers in the radio broadcast community understand options for digital radio systems available in 2019. The guide covers systems used for transmission in different media, but not for programme production. The in-depth technical descriptions of the systems are available from the proponent organisations and their websites listed in the appendices. The choice of the appropriate system is the responsibility of the broadcaster or national regulator who should take into account the various technical, commercial and legal factors relevant to the application. We are grateful to the many organisations and consortia whose systems and services are featured in the guide for providing the updates for this latest edition. In particular, our thanks go to the following organisations: European Broadcasting Union (EBU) North American Broadcasters Association (NABA) Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) HD Radio WorldDAB Forum Amal Punchihewa Former Vice-Chairman World Broadcasting Unions - Technical Committee April 2019 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 5 WHAT IS DIGITAL RADIO? ....................................................................................................................... 7 WHY DIGITAL RADIO? .............................................................................................................................. 9 TERRESTRIAL -
Final Report of a DRM Trial in the FM-Band
WWEECCOD ∃C the westbury community development centre Final Report of a DRM Trial in the FM‐Band Westbury, Johannnesburg, South Africa V2.6I Release Date: 29 June 2018 – ICASA Edition Document History Version Date Item changed/added 0.1 05 June 2017 Template prepared from license application, research, strategy and regulatory documentation 0.2 09 June 2017 Changed/added: Structure, objectives, timelines, systems, methodology 0.3 12 June 2017 Changed: Structure; Added: Results 0.4 13 June 2017 Added: Contributors, Copyright 0.5 22 June 2017 Added: Drive-by measurements, propagation Maps, and explanations 1.0 30 June 2017 Touch-ups 1.4 07 July 2017 About WECODEC and Project Partners, final touch-ups and release 2.0 15 April 2018 Added measurements in North Johannesburg/Gauteng 2.1 22 April 2018 Added Title Picture, added content, touch-ups 2.4 23 April 2018 Added Content in chapters Objectives, Reasons, Benefits, final touch-ups 2.5 15 May 2018 Touch-ups after review with project partners 2.6 29 June 2018 Foreword from the Chairperson/Changed Title Picture By Johannes von Weyssenhoff Project Partners: The Westbury Community The Westbury Youth The WECODEC Board Thembeka & Associates BluLemon, Edenvale, South Africa BBC World Service, London, UK Fraunhofer IIS, Erlangen, Germany STARWAVES, Switzerland The DRM Consortium Copyright All information contained in this document is protected by copyright and may be proprietary in nature. Please obtain written permission from the Technology and Knowledge Base Department of The Westbury Community Development Centre (WECODEC) via email: [email protected] prior to reproducing any part of this document, in whole or in part. -
Digital Terrestrial Radio for Australia
Parliament of Australia Department of Parliamentary Services Parliamentary Library Information, analysis and advice for the Parliament RESEARCH PAPER www.aph.gov.au/library 19 December, no. 18, 2008–09, ISSN 1834-9854 Going digital—digital terrestrial radio for Australia Dr Rhonda Jolly Social Policy Section Executive summary th • Since the early 20 century radio has been an important source of information and entertainment for people of various ages and backgrounds. • Almost every Australian home and car has at least one radio and most Australians listen to radio regularly. • The introduction of new radio technology—digital terrestrial radio—which can deliver a better listening experience for audiences, therefore has the potential to influence people’s lives significantly. • Digital radio in a variety of technological formats has been established in a number of countries for some years, but it is expected only to become a reality in Australia sometime in 2009. • Unlike the idea of digital television however, digital radio has not fully captured the imagination of audiences and in some markets there are suggestions that it is no longer relevant. • This paper provides a simple explanation of the major digital radio standards and a brief history of their development. It particularly examines the standard chosen for Australia, the Eureka 147 standard (known also as Digital Audio Broadcasting or DAB). • The paper also traces the development of digital radio policy in Australia and considers issues which may affect the future of the technology. Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 1 Radio basics: AM and FM radio ................................................................................................. 3 How do AM and FM work? ................................................................................................... 3 How AM radio works ....................................................................................................... -
Broadcasting Equipment Photographs, Ca
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8b85b80 No online items Broadcasting Equipment photographs, ca. 1940s-1970s Processed by Sue Hwang with assistance from Julie Graham, 2012; machine-readable finding aid created by Caroline Cubé. UCLA Library Special Collections Room A1713, Charles E. Young Research Library Box 951575 Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1575 (310) 825-4988 [email protected] ©2014 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Broadcasting Equipment 1903 1 photographs, ca. 1940s-1970s Descriptive Summary Title: Broadcasting Equipment photographs Collection number: 1903 Contributing Institution: UCLA Library Special Collections Language of Material: English Physical Description: 38.5 linear ft.(77 boxes) Date (inclusive): ca. 1940s-1970s Abstract: The collection consists of photographs of various types of indoor and outdoor equipment related to mid-twentieth century radio and television broadcasting. Physical location: Stored off-site at SRLF. Advance notice is required for access to the collection. Please contact UCLA Library Special Collections for paging information. Restrictions on Access Open for research. STORED OFF-SITE AT SRLF. Advance notice is required for access to the collection. Please contact UCLA Library Special Collections for paging information. Restrictions on Use and Reproduction Property rights to the physical object belong to the UC Regents. Literary rights, including copyright, are retained by the creators and their heirs. It is the responsibility of the researcher to determine who holds the copyright and pursue the copyright owner or his or her heir for permission to publish where The UC Regents do not hold the copyright. Preferred Citation [Identification of item], Broadcasting Equipment photographs (Collection 1903). -
Theory and Implementation of RF-Input Outphasing Power Amplification Taylor W
1 Theory and Implementation of RF-Input Outphasing Power Amplification Taylor W. Barton, Member, IEEE, and David J. Perreault, Fellow, IEEE Abstract—Conventional outphasing power amplifier systems require both an RF carrier input and a separate baseband input to synthesize a modulated RF output. This work presents an RF-input / RF-output outphasing power amplifier that directly amplifies a modulated RF input, eliminating the need for multiple costly IQ modulators and baseband signal component separation as in previous outphasing systems. An RF signal decomposition network directly synthesizes the phase- and amplitude-modulated signals used to drive the branch PAs. With this approach, a modulated RF signal including zero-crossings can be applied to (a) Digital SCS the single RF input port of the outphasing RF amplifier system. The proposed technique is demonstrated at 2.14 GHz in a four- way lossless outphasing amplifier with transmission-line power combiner. The RF decomposition network is implemented using a transmission-line resistance compression network with nonlinear loads designed to provide the necessary amplitude and phase decomposition. The resulting proof-of-concept outphasing power amplifier has a peak CW output power of 93 W, peak drain efficiency of 70%, and performance on par with a previously- demonstrated outphasing and power combining system requiring four IQ modulators and a digital signal component separator. (b) RF-domain SCS (this work) Index Terms—base stations, outphasing, power amplifier (PA), Fig. 1. Comparison of signal component separation techniques for conven- Chireix, LINC, load modulation, signal component separator, tional outphasing systems and the RF-domain SCS proposed in this work. -
Recommendations on Issues Related to Digital Radio Broadcasting in India 1St February, 2018 Mahanagar Doorsanchar Bhawan Jawahar
Recommendations on Issues related to Digital Radio Broadcasting in India 1st February, 2018 Mahanagar Doorsanchar Bhawan Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg New Delhi-110002 Website: www.trai.gov.in i Contents INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 2: Digital Radio Broadcasting Technologies and International Scenario .............................................................................................................. 5 CHAPTER 3: Issues Related to Digitization of FM Radio Broadcasting .............. 15 CHAPTER 4: Summary of Recommendations .................................................... 40 ii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Radio remains an integral part of India‟s rich culture, social and economic landscape. Radio broadcasting1 is one of the most popular and affordable means for mass communication, largely owing to its wide coverage, low set up costs, terminal portability and affordability. 1.2 At present, analog terrestrial radio broadcast in India is carried out in Medium Wave (MW) (526–1606 KHz), Short Wave (SW) (6–22 MHz), and VHF-II (88–108 MHz) spectrum bands. VHF-II band is popularly known as FM band due to deployment of Frequency Modulation (FM) technology in this band. AIR - the public service broadcaster - has established 467 radio stations encompassing 662 radio transmitters, which include 140 MW, 48 SW, and 474 FM transmitters for providing radio broadcasting services2. It also provides overseas broadcasts services for its listeners across the world. 1.3 Until 2000, AIR was the sole radio broadcaster in the country. In the year 2000, looking at the changing market dynamics, the government took an initiative to open the FM radio broadcast for private sector participation. In Phase-I of FM Radio, the government auctioned 108 FM radio channels in 40 cities. Out of these, only 21 FM radio channels became operational and subsequently migrated to Phase-II in 2005. -
Unwanted Emissions in the Out-Of-Band Domain
Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-6 (08/2015) Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain SM Series Spectrum management ii Rec. ITU-R SM.1541-6 Foreword The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use of the radio- frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found. Series of ITU-R Recommendations (Also available online at http://www.itu.int/publ/R-REC/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadcasting service (sound) BT Broadcasting service (television) F Fixed service M Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems SM Spectrum management SNG Satellite news gathering TF Time signals and frequency standards emissions V Vocabulary and related subjects Note: This ITU-R Recommendation was approved in English under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1.