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The Study on Drainage Improvement in the Core Area of Metropolitan Manila, Republic of the Philippines

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The Study on Drainage Improvement in the Core Area of Metropolitan Manila, Republic of the Philippines JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) METROPOLITAN MANILA DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (MMDA) DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS (DPWH) THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES THE STUDY ON DRAINAGE IMPROVEMENT IN THE CORE AREA OF METROPOLITAN MANILA, REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES FINAL REPORT SUPPORTING REPORT Volume II MARCH 2005 PACIFIC CONSULTANTS INTERNATIONAL NIKKEN CONSULTANTS, INC Foreign Currency Exchange Rates Applied in the Study Currency Exchange Rate/USD Philippine Peso (Php) 55.0 Japanese Yen (JPY) 110.0 (Rate as of July, 2004) I. SOCIAL ISSUES I - i TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I.1 Social Profiles of Study Area.................................................................................... I - 1 I.1.1 Administrative Hierarchy and Metropolitan Manila ................................................. I - 1 I.1.2 Population and Household ........................................................................................ I - 4 I.1.3 Household Economy ............................................................................................... I - 13 I.1.4 Poverty .................................................................................................................... I - 13 I.1.5 Literacy, Education and Information....................................................................... I - 15 I.1.6 Public Health........................................................................................................... I - 17 I.1.7 Solid Waste Management........................................................................................ I - 22 I.1.8 Other Social Services Related to Drainage Improvement....................................... I - 22 I.2 Informal Settlers...................................................................................................... I - 23 I.2.1 Definition of Informal Settlers ................................................................................ I - 23 I.2.2 Number of Informal Settlers in Metro Manila ........................................................ I - 23 I.2.3 Number of Informal Settlers along Esteros Surveyed by DPWH ........................... I - 23 I.2.4 Numbers of Buildings within Esteros based on Analysis of Aerial Photograph..... I - 24 I.2.5 Actual Counting of Number of Families within Estero de Tripa de Gallina........... I - 29 I.3 Social Surveys......................................................................................................... I - 30 I.3.1 General .................................................................................................................... I - 30 I.3.2 House-to-House Survey .......................................................................................... I - 31 I.3.3 Findings from the Key Informants Survey.............................................................. I - 41 I.3.4 Results of the Mail Survey...................................................................................... I - 47 I.4 Social Framework of Resettlement ......................................................................... I - 57 I.4.1 Legal Framework of Resettlement .......................................................................... I - 57 I.4.2 Institutional Framework and Roles of the Concerned Government Agencies ........ I - 58 I.4.3 Resettlement Procedures ......................................................................................... I - 68 I.4.4 Current Practice in the Philippines.......................................................................... I - 71 I.4.5 Past Experiences on Resettlement Operation.......................................................... I - 72 I.4.6 Problem Points........................................................................................................ I - 73 I.4.7 Guidelines for Social Framework of Resettlement ................................................. I - 75 I.4.8 Basic Model for Resettlement Site and Necessary Assistance................................ I - 79 I.4.9 Recommendations ................................................................................................... I - 84 I.4.10 Cost for Resettlement.............................................................................................. I - 86 I.4.11 Present Situations of Resettlement Sites ................................................................. I - 87 ANNEX I.1 SUMMARY RESULTS OF SOCIAL SURVEY ANNEX I.2 RESETTLEMENT LAW I - ii LIST OF TABLES Page Table I.1.1 Number of Barangay in the Study Area ............................................................ I - 2 Table I.1.2 Population Ranking of Urban Agglomerations in East Asia & South-East Asia, 2000............................................................... I - 4 Table I.1.3 Population, 2000 / 1995 / 1990 ......................................................................... I - 5 Table I.1.4 Population and Household Number, 2000 ........................................................ I - 6 Table I.1.5 Population Density in Study Area, 2000 (City boundary basis) ....................... I - 7 Table I.1.6 Population Density in Study Area, 2000 (Barangay boundary basis) ............. I - 7 Table I.1.7 Household Size by City and Municipality ........................................................ I - 9 Table I.1.8 Types of Building and House by City and Municipality................................. I - 10 Table I.1.9 Tenure Status of the Lot.................................................................................. I - 10 Table I.1.10 Floor Area of the Housing Unit....................................................................... I - 11 Table I.1.11 Construction Materials of the Outer Walls...................................................... I - 11 Table I.1.12 Construction Year of Buildings / Housing...................................................... I - 12 Table I.1.13 State of Repair................................................................................................. I - 12 Table I.1.14 Number of Families by Income Level............................................................. I - 13 Table I.1.15 Number of Families Below Php 80,000 Income Level ................................... I - 14 Table I.1.16 Dependency Ratio, 1995 ................................................................................. I - 14 Table I.1.17 Literacy Rate ................................................................................................... I - 15 Table I.1.18 Educational Attainment of People in the Study Area, Year 2000................... I - 16 Table I.1.19 Main Sources of Water Supply for Drinking, and/or Cooking by City and Municipality .................................................................................................... I - 18 Table I.1.20 Main Sources of Water Supply for Laundry and/or Bathing by City and Municipality ................................................................................................ I - 18 Table I.1.21 Types of Toilet Facilities of Households ........................................................ I - 19 Table I.1.22 Top Ten Leading Causes of Morbidity ........................................................... I - 20 Table I.1.23 Top Ten Leading Causes of Mortality ............................................................ I - 21 Table I.2.1 Number of Households and Number of Informal Settlers, 2002..................... I - 23 Table I.2.2 Number of Buildings within Esteros (1/2) ...................................................... I - 25 Table I.2.2 Number of Buildings within Esteros (2/2) ...................................................... I - 26 Table I.3.1 Roofing Material ............................................................................................. I - 35 Table I.3.2 Walling Materials............................................................................................ I - 36 Table I.3.3 Perception on Flood Mitigation by Proximity to Estero ................................. I - 38 Table I.3.4 Number of Questionnaires Delivered and Retrieved....................................... I - 47 Table I.3.5 Sense of Degrading Environment.................................................................... I - 48 Table I.3.6 Willingness of Financial Contribution ............................................................ I - 48 Table I.3.7 Practicing Separate Disposal........................................................................... I - 49 Table I.3.8 Availability of Collection Services ................................................................. I - 49 Table I.3.9 Frequency of the Collection Services.............................................................. I - 50 Table I.3.10 Government Assistance................................................................................... I - 50 Table I.3.11 Informal Settlers Relocation............................................................................ I - 51 Table I.3.12 Summary of the Mail Survey Results.............................................................. I - 52 Table I.4.1 Responsibilities for Resettlement Operation................................................... I - 70 I - iii LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure I.1.1 Population Growth .......................................................................................... I - 5 Figure I.1.2 Population Growth Ratio................................................................................. I - 5 Figure I.1.3 Population Density by Barangay....................................................................
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