Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season

March 2019

Cover Photo: California globe mallow (Iliamna latibracteata Wiggins) near Skookum Prairie in a recently burned area on GDRCo Timberlands. Photo Credit: Tristan Cole, 2018.

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season

Prepared for:

CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE

Northern Region, Timberland Conservation Planning

Prepared by:

CONSERVATION PLANNING DEPARTMENT

Keith Hamm, Department Manager Elicia Goldsworthy, Senior Botanist David Lamphear, Research Analyst

2018 Botanical Survey Crew Gabe Cashman, Botanist II Tristan Cole, Botanist I Hollie Ernest, Resource Technician (Botany/Forestry) Evan Mahony-Moyer, Resource Technician (Botany/Forestry) Jonathan Lee, Resource Technician (Botany/IFM-Nursery) Stephanie Smith, Seasonal Botany Technician Elyna Grapstein, Seasonal Botany Technician

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary ...... 6 Results of Special Status Native Plant Populations Surveys ...... 7 Rare Species - California Rare Plant Rank (CRPR) 1 and 2 Detections in 2018 ...... 7 Uncommon Species – California Rare Plant Rank 3 and 4 Detections in 2018 ...... 7 Potentially Rare Species Detected in 2018 ...... 7 Non-Rare Species Detected in 2018 ...... 8 Spotted knapweed monitoring at Sweet Flat, Mad River ...... 8 Coastal Lagoons and Little River Botanical Management Plan STATUS ...... 10 Summary of THP activity and survey coverage in the CL/LR BMA since adoption of the Botanical Management Plan (BMP) in 2008...... 11 Montia howellii monitoring in Salmon Creek ...... 12 Year End Mitigation Summary ...... 24 FOLLOW UP VISITS ...... 25 Bald Mountain milkvetch (Astragalus umbraticus) ...... 25 Bensoniella (Bensoniella oregana) ...... 25 Bristlestalked sedge (Carex leptalea) ...... 25 Coast fawn lily (Erythronium revolutum) ...... 25 Running Pine (Lycopodium clavatum) ...... 26 Ghost pipe (Monotropa uniflora) ...... 26 Rein orchid (Piperia sp.)...... 26 Maple Leaved Checkerbloom (Sidalcea malachroides) ...... 27 Checkerbloom (Sidalcea sp.) ...... 28 Robust False Lupine (Thermopsis robusta) ...... 28 PROPERTY-WIDE SUMMARY TABLE FOR 2018 FLORISTIC SURVEYS ...... 29 Program goals for 2019 ...... 34 Entire Database Records since 2001: Vascular Plant Species List ...... 35 Work cited ...... 58

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Centaurea stoebe Sweet Flat, Mad River ...... 10 Figure 2. Howell's montia eight-year occupancy trend...... 15 Figure 3. Harvest history within the Salmon Creek MOHO sampling universe...... 15 Figure 4. Sampling results 2011...... 16 Figure 5. Sampling results 2012...... 17 Figure 6. Sampling results 2013...... 18 Figure 7. Sampling results 2014...... 19 Figure 8. Sampling results 2015...... 20 Figure 9. Sampling results 2016...... 21 Figure 10. Sampling Results 2017 ...... 22 Figure 11. Sampling Results 2018 ...... 23 Figure 12: Piperia transversa and P. elongata identified in 2018. Photos by T. Cole and G. Cashman ...... 27 Figure 13: Sidalcea sp. flower at Knutz Creek (1-16-084H) July 6, 2018 ...... 28

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Green Diamond Resource Company (GDRCo) botanical technicians surveyed a total of 60 timber harvest plans covering approximately 9,653 total acres. A total of 53 plans were surveyed to completion; 6 plans were initiated in 2017 and completed in 2018; and 3 plans were initiated in 2018 and will be completed in 2019. The 2018 floristic survey season commenced on March 12th and terminated on September 7th with an estimated 120 field days. A total of 152 new California Rare Plant Rank (CRPR) 1-2 BotID#s were generated representing 8 taxa. It is worth noting that 118 of the 152 new CRPR 1-2 BotID#s are previously unrecorded populations of Monotropa uniflora. A total of 177 new CRPR 3-4 BotID#s representing 13 taxa were generated as part of a continued commitment to collecting spatial and habitat data for uncommon species. No State or Federally listed Rare, Threatened or Endangered species were identified during the 2018 survey effort.

Within the Coastal Lagoons and Little River Botanical Management Area (CL/LR BMA), 13 harvest plans were reviewed and 12 received surveys in unique habitats. One population of seaside bittercress (Cardamine angulata) was detected in the BMA, which added to the range extension of this species from last year. In addition, several populations of running pine (Lycopodium clavatum) and other uncommon native plants were identified including trailing black currant (Ribes laxiflorum), Pacific golden saxifrage (Chrysosplenium glechomifolium) and heart leaved twayblade (Listera cordata).

A summary data set for all occurrences has been prepared and will be submitted to the California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB). This report includes 367 field survey forms for all CRPR taxa discovered in 2018, 216 follow-up forms for 17 taxa, and the corresponding location data in ESRI File Based Geodatabase (FBGDB) format. Note that 94 of the 216 follow-ups were associated with Monotropa uniflora populations.

Monitoring for Montia howellii in the Salmon Creek Tract continued for an eighth consecutive year. Surveys were conducted by a 4-person technical team from February 19th through March 12th for a total of 11 field days. Results of the occupancy data show a decreasing trend and a substantial amount of variability from year to year. Downward trending occupancy is presumed to be associated with habitat loss associated with minimization of road use in compliance with the existing Road Sediment Reduction Plan as described in the South Fork Elk River Management Plan (GDRCo 2006).

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RESULTS OF SPECIAL STATUS NATIVE PLANT POPULATIONS SURVEYS

Rare Species - California Rare Plant Rank (CRPR) 1 and 2 Detections in 2018

Detections Number of CRPR Scientific Name Common name Code (BotID#s) Projects 2B.3 Astragalus umbraticus Bald mountain milkvetch ASUM 3 2 2B.1 Cardamine angulata seaside bittercress CAAN 11 5 2B.2 Carex arcta Bear sedge CAAR 1 1 2B.2 Erythronium revolutum coast fawn lily ERRE 16 5 1B.2 Gilia capitata ssp. pacifica Pacific gilia GICAPA 1 1 1B.2 Iliamna latibracteata California globe mallow ILLA 1 N/A 2B.2 Montia howellii Howell’s montia MOHO 1 2 2B.2 Monotropa uniflora ghost-pipe MOUN 118 9 Total 152 n/a

Uncommon Species – California Rare Plant Rank 3 and 4 Detections in 2018

Detections Number of CRPR Scientific Name Common name Code (BotID#s) Projects 4.3 Chysosplenium glechomifolium Pacific golden saxifrage CHGL 19 12 4.2 Coptis laciniata Oregon goldthreads COLA 12 7 4.2 Listera cordata heart-leaved twayblade LICO 78 22 4.1 Lycopodium clavatum running-pine LYCL 11 7 4.2 Mitellastra caulescens leafy-stemmed mitrewort MICAU 16 10 4.3 Oxalis suksdorfii Suksdorf woodsorrel OXSU 2 1 4.2 Pityopus californicus California pinefoot PICAL 6 5 4.2 Pleuropogon refractus nodding semaphore grass PLRE 15 7 4.3 Ribes laxiflorum trailing black currant RILA 9 6 4.2 Sidalcea malachroides maple leaved 2 2 SIMA checkerbloom 4.3 Thermopsis gracilis slender goldenbanner THGR 4 2 3.2 Tiarella trifoliata var. trifoliata threeleaf foamflower TITRTR 1 1 4.2 Usnea longissima long-beard lichen USLO 2 2 Total 177 n/a

Potentially Rare Species Detected in 2018

Populations of potentially rare species found in 2018 that could not be reliably identified are being tracked by a permanent GDRCo BotID#. Lack of full identification was typically due to a lack of flowering individuals; this has particularly been a problem with members of the genera Piperia and Erythronium. Plants are often detected in the spring by their leaves which senesce by the time the plants flower in the later summer. Upon subsequent visits to the sites during the flowering season, flowers are often not present due to herbivory and immaturity. This was the case on the following THP surveys this year for Erythronium: Browns Ridge; and for Piperia: Big Prairie (2018), Johnson/Roach (2018), J-1700 (2019), and Tully Creek East.

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When identifications are confirmed the BotID# will remain, but the species name which corresponds will be updated in the database to reflect final taxonomic determination. If populations are confirmed to be rare, then the corresponding CNDDB data will be submitted.

Detections Number of Scientific Name Common name Code (BotID#s) Projects Erythronium sp. fawn lily ERSP 3 1 Piperia sp. rein orchid PISP 7 4 Total 10 n/a

Non-Rare Species Detected in 2018

Several populations of species that are not rare, but are being tracked by a permanent GDRCo BotID# for one of two reasons: they are either closely related to a rare species or are an invasive species currently being monitored. Currently, spotted knapweed is the only invasive species being monitored (see discussion below). The balance of non-rare species being tracked are those that are closely related to rare species and/or may have been first detected in a vegetative state and given a BotID# as a potentially rare species. We continue to track such species when they are confirmed as “not rare” as they provide valuable insight into where habitat and ranges of the rare and common species may overlap or, conversely, remain disjunct. A list of non-rare species detected in 2018 is presented in the table below.

Number Detections Scientific Name Common name Code of (BotID#s) Projects Piperia transversa flat spurred piperia PITR 4 3 Piperia elongata Dense flowered rein orchid PIELO 6 5 Sidalcea malviflora ssp. asprella harsh checkerbloom SIMAAS 1 1 Total 12 n/a

Spotted knapweed monitoring at Sweet Flat, Mad River

In 2013 the GDRCo botany department began collaborating with the Humboldt County Department of Agriculture to monitor and remove spotted knapweed (Centaurea stoebe) from the gravel bars along the Mad River near the City of Blue Lake. Spotted knapweed was initially detected in 2013 along the Mad River at three locations south of the Mad River Hatchery. One of these locations is at “Sweet Flat” which is best accessed from private GDRCo roads.

In 2014, the site was surveyed and no plants were detected. The gravel bars along the river were surveyed to the south of the site and no other populations were detected in these regions either. The site was surveyed in 2015 and one population was detected and removed; the gravel bars along the river were surveyed to the south of the site again and no additional plants were detected. In 2016 the botany crew removed approximately 100

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spotted knapweed plants from the site. In 2017 the crew removed approximately 30 spotted knapweed plants. In 2018 the botany crew removed approximately 50 plants and disposed of them off site. The infestation of yellow star thistle (Centaurea solstitialis) at the site that was first detected in 2016, was still present in 2018, and appeared larger and more expansive than in 2017. A couple trash bags full of star thistle were removed and disposed off site, but this was just a fraction of the present population. A list of the dominant species found at Sweet Flat in 2018 is below.

Latin Name Common Name Alnus rhombifolia White alder Alnus rubra Red alder Avena spp. Wild oats Baccharis pilularis Coyote brush Brassica nigra Black mustard Bromus tectorum Cheatgrass Carex nudata Naked sedge Centaurea solstitaialis Yellow star thistle Centaurea stoebe Spotted knapweed Cortaderia jubata Pampas grass Heterotheca oregona Oregon false goldenaster Melilotus sp. Sweetclover Rumex acetosella Sheep sorrel

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Figure 1. Centaurea stoebe Sweet Flat, Mad River

COASTAL LAGOONS AND LITTLE RIVER BOTANICAL MANAGEMENT PLAN STATUS

GDRCo and CDFW agreed that the long-term survey protocol for THPs within the Coastal Lagoons and Little River BMA, effective 2009, is as follows:

1. RPFs shall conduct focused surveys for all THPs within the Coastal Lagoons and Little River BMA. RPFs shall be responsible for reporting the presence of any unique, high quality, sensitive plant habitat within their project area, e.g. bogs, well developed lakes or ponds, coastal prairie or large mossy boulders or rock outcrops. When Lycopodium clavatum is encountered within THP areas voluntary, non- enforceable PPMs will be applied. These PPMs include establishing ELZs for select populations and retaining non-merchantable trees. If other sensitive species are observed, the RPF will consult with GDRCo botany staff.

2. Botanical technicians shall survey unique, high quality sensitive plant habitats within THPs as identified by RPFs. If sensitive species are discovered appropriate PPMs shall be applied.

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3. Botanical technicians shall monitor a subset of L. clavatum populations on a yearly basis. Initially, monitoring activities will focus on pre and post-harvest monitoring of populations protected with voluntary, internal PPMs that were implemented for plans submitted after July 8, 2008. Revisions to internal PPMs may be made based on monitoring results.

4. Botanical technicians will survey unique or high quality habitats outside of THPs when they are identified. The intent is to find and survey areas within the BMA that have the greatest likelihood of supporting sensitive species, regardless of whether or not the habitat would ever be impacted by timber harvest operations.

Summary of THP activity and survey coverage in the CL/LR BMA since adoption of the Botanical Management Plan (BMP) in 2008. BMA acres BMA acres exempt Year THP acres in BMA surveyed from survey 2008 3,029 1,219 1,810 2009 670 76 594 2010 3,813 109 3,704 2011 1,975 52 1,923 2012 893 1 892 2013 1,811 52 1,759

2014 2,185 137* 1,620

2015 2,625 148* 2,374

2016 1,594 109 1,485

2017 1,857 204 1,654

2018 2,344 807 1,537

Totals 22,797 2,629 19,352

Thirteen THPs were reviewed in 2018 and several rare and uncommon species of plants were detected during focused surveys of twelve THPs within the Coastal Lagoons and Little River BMA. Surveys predominantly focused on rocky outcrops, isolated wet areas, and coastal spruce flats. One new population (BotID#s) of seaside bittercress (Cardamine angulata) was detected in one THP, and due to its location within a Riparian Management Zone (RMZ), it will avoid the direct impacts of timber harvest. Four new populations of running pine (Lycopodium clavatum) were also detected in four THPs. Other uncommon plants detected in the BMA this season included populations of trailing black currant (Ribes laxiflorum), Pacific golden saxifrage (Chrysosplenium glechomifolium), and heart-leaved twayblade (Listera cordata). A significant monitoring effort of running pine in the BMA was conducted in 2018, the results of which are discussed later in the report.

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MONTIA HOWELLII MONITORING IN SALMON CREEK

Based upon the results of the power analysis that West Inc. conducted on the 2011 through 2013 monitoring data for Montia howellii in Salmon Creek, the monitoring protocol was revised to focus on detecting trends of occupancy in 2015. This has subsequently resulted in a change to the sampling protocol and much of the data collection has been simplified. Revisions to the monitoring protocol are as follows:

Objectives: 1. Determine if the trend in occupancy of Montia howellii (MOHO) growing along the mainline Salmon Creek road system is increasing, decreasing or stable over time.

2. Determine if MOHO occupancy is correlated with covariates that can be altered through management. A. Road surface type as percent cover of dirt and percent cover of rock (cumulatively equal to 100%). B. Percent cover of competing vegetation – we will measure cover of plants at ground level other than MOHO, including straw mulch or logging slash when they are at densities that clearly prevent plants from growing

3. If the population (percent occupied segments) shows a trend of significant decline, as evidenced by either a significant abrupt change in one or two years, or a significant long-term trend over several years, consult with DFG and attempt to coordinate road management activities with activities designed to maintain MOHO (e.g. if percent occupancy is highly correlated with specific habitat variables then manage for more of those).

Sampling Plan: 1. The sampling universe includes the GDRCo Salmon Creek tract mainline road system on the north side of Salmon Creek, with the exception of one road that crosses to the south side of Salmon Creek. That road is included until it reaches the GDRCo property line. The roads that are classified as mainline roads for the purpose of this study are the main roads that are projected to be used and maintained over the next ten years. For the most part the roads included provide an access loop through the extent of the property on the north side of Salmon Creek. The significance of this continuity is that it should allow us to account for plants anywhere they may have migrated along the mainline. The majority of the mature timber in this tract has already been harvested and the main area left to harvest is at the northeastern portion of the sampling universe. The mainline road accessing this area has been reconstructed and newly constructed in recent years and while MOHO has not been found on this road yet, it does contain potential habitat. There are other roads included that to date have not supported MOHO, as well as roads that have supported large numbers of MOHO until they were rocked a few years ago. Some of the roads included may get more or less use than others over the course of the study. The sampling universe contains road segments with both natural and rocked surfaces. Additional rocking may occur in the years to come. We anticipate that the habitat quality along roads or portions thereof will fluctuate throughout the course of the study.

2. The roads in the sampling universe were designated as routes with beginning and end points and then routes were ordered in space and divided into 50 foot segments that will serve as sample plots. The width of the road varies and plants are often found at the margins and in the middle, so the plots will not have a fixed dimension across the width of the road. Each 50 foot segment was given a permanent route ID and segment ID with fixed start/stop UTM coordinates that can be loaded into GPS units. *There are three road segments that are shorter than 50 feet, but longer than 25 feet so we will keep them. There are a total of 1551 road segments.

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3. Stage 1 consists of determining presence or absence of MOHO in the sample plots or road segments (SID). Sample plots selected by a generalized tessellation stratified (GRTS) sample of 50-foot road segments to ensure sample plots are spatially balanced (interspersed) throughout the population with few if any adjacent to one another. The GRTS sample will consist of a specially randomized list of road segments that preserves spatial balance in adjacent sets of segments. The first 110 segments on this list were formerly placed in a group called Panel 1. All of Panel 1 was sampled on an annual basis for the first 4 years of the study. The subsequent groups of 20 segments were assigned to panels numbered 2 through 73. Road segments in panels 2 through 73 were to be sampled twice every 5 years on a rotating basis. During the first 5 years of the study, a total of n = 130 sites were being sampled (Panel 1 plus one of Panel 2 through 6). After year 5 of the study, a total of n = 150 segments were to be sampled (Panel 1 plus a previously unvisited panel plus a previously visited panel). After 4 years of conducting the study under this sampling regime, it was determined that the effort required to complete the number of sites was too great to remain sustainable for the long term. The proposed revisions to the sampling protocol are outlined below.

Revision to Sampling:

The goal for revising the sampling protocol is to have 2 groups of surveyors complete the work in 2 weeks, or 10 sample days. To achieve this goal, we propose that the sample number be reduced and that the survey protocol be simplified. By estimating that each group will be able to complete 5 sites per day, this makes 100 SIDs over the 10 sampling days. This seems reasonable and achievable. There is some concern regarding destructive sampling to the 110 permanent sites. It would be ideal to be able to give some of these sites a rest period. In addition to this, having faster replication of the 80 (panels 2-5) that have been sampled already could also be beneficial. There will still be sampling of new sites as well under the following scheme: a) Panel 1, which consists of 110 SIDs, gets divided into three panels: Panel 1, Panel 2 and Panel 3. Two of these will have 37 SIDs and one will have 36. In order to give some of these permanent sites a resting period, a two year on and one year off strategy will allow us to do this without losing how a prior year at a SID directly impacts the following year (since they are annual plants). This strategy would look like this: Year 1: Panel 1, 3 Year 2: Panel 1, 2 Year 3: Panel 2, 3 Year 4: Panel 3, 1 Year 5: Panel 1, 2 (Etc.) b) Panels 2-6, which each consist of 20 SIDs, but collectively make 100 SIDs, will remain the same. Their panel numbers will change since panel 1 has been divided into three new panels. Their new panel numbers will be 4-8. These panels of 20 will cycle and repeat every 5 years e. g. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 4, 5 ,6 ,7 ,8, etc. c) If we take two of the panels from the first group (Panels 1-3), this will make 74 SIDs. If we add one of the other panels from the second group (Panels 4-8), this will make 94 SIDs. We will always sample 8 new sites, and since the number of permanent SIDs we sample can vary slightly year to year, some years we will survey 101 total SIDs and some years we will survey 102 (36+37+20+8=101; 37+37+20+8=102).

4. Stage 2 consists of determining patch size in the selected sample plots. Each sampled plot will be divided into 5 10-foot quadrats that extend across the entire width of the road. Presence or absence of MOHO will be recorded for each of the 5 quadrats in the sampled plot. To estimate probability of

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detecting MOHO assuming it is there, two surveyors will make independent presence/absence observations and record their data separately and discretely. When complete the two surveyors will compare their P/A to make the P/A union. When there are discrepancies the two surveyors will visually check the quadrat to see if there was a true miss by one surveyor, a miss-ID or if the plant could not be relocated. If it was a miss-ID or could not be relocated, a note is made on the datasheet, since this leads to cases where their union is not a simple addition of P/A1 and P/A2. Boundaries of the quadrats will be delineated using stakes/spikes at five foot intervals at both edges of the plot (outside road margins) and then using string (hip chain) to create a grid. See the diagram in the field methods section.

Each surveyor will make visual estimates of the percent cover of rock to the nearest whole percent (0-100) in each quadrat while they are doing the P/A survey. Each surveyor will also make a visual estimate of the percent cover to the nearest whole percent (0-100) of competing vegetation in each quadrat. Once the surveyors have completed the segment, they will come to agreement on their independent assessments to determine the union value for the environmental variables.

The 2014 monitoring effort for Montia howellii was conducted in the same manner as it was for the 2011-2013 years. The new monitoring protocol was implemented starting in 2015. West Inc. will integrate the data from past years to be able to continue with detecting the trend of occupancy within the Salmon Creek road system.

A cursory analysis of the occupancy data from 2011-2018 was completed and is presented below in Figure 2. The results from each year’s survey are shown in Figures 4-11 and the overall harvest activity is shown in Figure 3. The total numbers for 2018 show a modest increase in occupancy from 2017, but the overall trend is still downward. In years 2012 and 2015 the population showed declining occupancy numbers then upward trends in 2013, 2014, 2016, and 2018. This pattern of decline following the removal of disturbance is consistent with the observations reported by Renner et al. 2012.

During data review and initial analysis (2018), it became apparent that some of the ocular estimates for percent vegetation and rock cover among surveyors were highly variable. To calculate the significance of these discrepancies and make our data more useful, we are proposing to implement an additional vegetation sampling protocol in 2019. The point intercept method will be implemented in each plot and will follow the protocols outlined in Coulloudon et al. 1999. This protocol will involve systematic measurement of percent cover in all plots to be sampled in 2019 and will help to calculate our sampling error in years past (sampling based on ocular estimates).

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Trend in Naive Occupancy for Montia howellii Salmon Creek 2011 - 2018 (with 95% CI) 50.00%

40.00%

y = -0.0198x + 0.4066 R² = 0.3625

30.00%

20.00% Percent Occupied Road Segments 10.00% Segments Occupiedof Percent

0.00% 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Survey Year

Figure 2. Howell's montia eight-year occupancy trend.

Figure 3. Harvest history within the Salmon Creek MOHO sampling universe.

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Figure 4. Sampling results 2011.

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Figure 5. Sampling results 2012.

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Figure 6. Sampling results 2013.

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Figure 7. Sampling results 2014.

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Figure 8. Sampling results 2015.

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Figure 9. Sampling results 2016.

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Figure 10. Sampling results 2017

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Figure 11. Sampling results 2018

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YEAR END MITIGATION SUMMARY

Survey efforts in 2018 yielded 367 new BotID#s. New discoveries of ghost pipe (Monotropa uniflora; MOUN) were particularly abundant, with 118 new populations discovered; most of these occurrences came from THPs in the Smith River tract, where we surveyed 1,780 acres across seven THPs. There was also a significant amount of work in Coastal Klamath, which produced many MOUN occurrences as well. Mitigation measures for this species largely followed GDRCo’s programmatic measures and only strayed from that protocol when circumstances required.

One incidental occurrence of California globe mallow (Iliamna latibracteata; ILLA) was detected while conducting follow- ups for Astragalus umbraticus and not associated with a THP survey. It was detected in a recently harvested (2015) unit, growing in the footprints of two adjacent burn piles that had already been burned. Given that this was found post- harvest, no plant protection measures apply.

Minimum Mitigation Total Code Species Common Name Mitigated Used Populations Populations ASUM Astragalus umbraticus Bald Mountain milkvetch Other 3 2 Avoidance CAAN Cardamine angulata seaside bittercress 11 11 Programmatic CAAR Carex arcta Bear sedge Other 1 1 Programmatic ERRE Erythronium revolutum coast fawn lily 16 31* Avoidance 50 ft. buffer ERSP Erythronium sp. Fawn lily 3 5 Avoidance GICAPA Gilia capitata ssp. pacifica Pacific gilia Avoidance 1 1 ILLA Iliamna latibracteata California globe mallow None 1 0 MOHO Montia howellii Howell’s montia Programmatic 1 1 Programmatic MOUN Monotropa uniflora ghost-pipe 118* 29 Other 50 ft. buffer, PISP Piperia sp. (unknown) rein orchid 9* 5 Avoidance *Some of these populations have not yet received plant protection measures or gone through consultation as their projects are awaiting spring 2019 surveys.

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FOLLOW UP VISITS

Bald Mountain milkvetch (Astragalus umbraticus) This disturbance loving species is generally doing very well where it occurs on GDRCo’s ownership. The one population that we could not relocate this year was an older population whose site had become totally shaded out by shrubs and trees. There is likely seed stored in the soil at this site, so if/when that area is opened up again, the population will likely make a resurgence.

Total Known ASUM Populations Populations Found Populations on GDRCo Revisited (2018) to be Extant (2018) 30 7 6

Bensoniella (Bensoniella oregana) Ongoing monitoring of Bensoniella populations continued through the 2018. The transplanted population (Bot ID# 31638) was again visited and found to be doing well overall. The habitat conditions were similar to those of the previous two years, and plants were present at all 17 transplant sites. There was discussion about opening the canopy a bit more at this site to encourage more robust growth of the plants. Other populations of BEOR that were visited were in good health and numbers.

Total Known BEOR Populations Populations Found Populations on GDRCo Revisited (2018) to be Extant (2018) 13 3 3

Bristlestalked sedge (Carex leptalea) We revisited and surveyed our two known populations of Carex leptalea, which occur approximately 450ft from each other. Both populations were relocated and appropriately flagged. The larger of the two populations is suffering from invasion by heath (Erica lusitanica) and pampas grass (Cortaderia jubata). We had lengthy discussions about how to best impede the increasing numbers of these weedy species and are thinking the best solution may be mechanical removal. This, however, would be a large task and would require the use of heavy equipment, which would be tricky in this seasonally inundated area. We are continuing to brainstorm a plan for the management of this site.

Coast fawn lily (Erythronium revolutum) The follow-up results for Erythronium revolutum (ERRE) were as expected. Generally speaking, the populations that were afforded plant protection measures were relocated and were extant, while those that did not receive any protection measures were no longer present. We were able to get a positive ID on a previous Erythronium sp. (now ERRE). This population (BotID 30991) is over three miles from the nearest occurrence of ERRE, and is the first occurrence of ERRE in the Hunter/Wilson GDRCo tract.

Total Known ERRE Populations Populations Found Populations on GDRCo Revisited (2018) to be Extant (2018) 278 14 11

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Running Pine (Lycopodium clavatum) A smattering of Lycopodium clavatum (LYCL) populations were followed up on throughout the 2018 season. Overall, the species appears to be doing well. The programmatic protections it receives within the Coastal Lagoons Botanical Management Area are generally effective at keeping the individuals on the landscape for at least a decade post-harvest. In other areas of the property, where the species receives scant PPMs, LYCL persistence is more mixed. This is likely directly correlated to the intensity of the impacts at a specific site. When it is found growing in the middle of a proposed landing, the plants don’t persist; but when it is found growing on the side of an existing seasonal road, the disturbance from the timber harvest and associated road work causes a flush of new growth.

Total Known LYCL Populations Populations Found Populations on GDRCo Revisited (2018) to be Extant (2018) 939 24 15

Ghost pipe (Monotropa uniflora) For a second consecutive year, we had an “all hands on deck” foray on Monotropa uniflora (MOUN) follow-ups. We covered a lot of ground and visited a subset of populations that received Plant Protection Measures (PPMs) and some that received no PPMs. Approximately 60% of the extant populations monitored were relocated, all of which represent those that received PPMs. Only one population that was not prescribed PPMs was extant at the time of follow-up.

Total Known MOUN Populations Populations Found Populations on GDRCo Revisited (2018) to be Extant (2018) 729 94 56

Rein orchid (Piperia sp.) In an effort to reduce the number of unknown (but potentially rare) occurrences across the property, we focused mainly on our mapped occurrences of Piperia sp. This effort took place largely in August, and it was a lower priority item for the season, so we were not able to make repeated site visits. This led to some of the populations being dried up beyond identification when we visited. This explains most of the populations that could not be identified to species. Other populations that were vegetative only were likely not detected during late season visits. We will likely continue this effort in the coming years, and will hopefully have more time available to make multiple visits to populations throughout the year.

Total PISP Populations Populations Identified to Identified to Unable to ID Populations on Revisited Found to be Piperia Piperia elongata to species GDRCo (2018) Extant (2018) transversa 76 21 14 8 2 4

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Figure 12: Piperia transversa and P. elongata identified in 2018. Photos by T. Cole and G. Cashman

Maple Leaved Checkerbloom (Sidalcea malachroides) A significant effort was made to follow-up on known populations of Sidalcea malachroides (SIMA) in June as part of an ongoing effort to monitor status on uncommon species. In the recent past, SIMA has not been recorded at a rate consistent with detections on the ownership approximately 10 years ago. In order to gauge the status of our known occurrences, we monitored the subset of populations that we were able to access (i.e. open roads and easily relocated sites). Only 20% of the known populations were found to be extant.

The apparent decline of the populations on GDRCo property is likely attributed, at least in part, to successional stages of vegetation development. SIMA is a shade intolerant, disturbance associated species (Sholars and Golec, 2007), and the historic avoidance of these populations combined with ongoing reforestation/succession at these site likely has shaded out many of the plants and increased competition with other vigorous species on site. With this in mind, many of these populations would likely benefit from some form of vegetation treatment to release SIMA. This treatment could be in the form of canopy removal/thinning, or removal of Rubus spp. and other shrubs that often dominate these sites.

Total Known SIMA Populations Populations Found to Populations on GDRCo Revisited (2018) be Extant (2018) 90 30 6

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 27

Checkerbloom (Sidalcea sp.) Follow-ups were conducted on a handful of Bot IDs that were unidentified checkerblooms (Sidalcea sp.; SISP). We were unable to get a definitive identification on any of them due to the lack of available floral parts. This included the population of Sidalcea that was detected in 2017 in the Knutz Creek THP (1-16-084H), which produced a couple flowers but did not set any seed. Other SISP populations either didn’t flower at all, or had few flowers and didn’t produce seed.

Figure 13: Sidalcea sp. flower at Knutz Creek (1-16-084H) July 6, 2018

Robust False Lupine (Thermopsis robusta) While all the Thermopsis robusta (THRO) populations that were revisited were extant, many of them were in decline. This was generally due to increased competition from woody species such as tanoak, Douglas-fir, and manzanita. Populations of THRO were found reaching for what is left of open sky as the canopy and shrub layers close in around them. In the past, this disturbance dependent, shade intolerant species has received avoidance PPMs, which may not have been the best prescription for this species. The avoidance method has simply allowed competing species to overtop THRO more quickly, and did not give the species a chance to germinate and spread throughout an area. Like many of our disturbance-dependent species, THRO would benefit from maintenance treatments to reduce brush competition.

Total Known THRO Populations Populations Found to Populations on GDRCo Revisited (2018) be Extant (2018) 26 5 5

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 28

PROPERTY-WIDE SUMMARY TABLE FOR 2018 FLORISTIC SURVEYS THP Name GDRCO CalFire THP # IN Quad Elevation Survey Field Work Field Survey CA/Fed RTE, CRPR 3-4 THP # CL/LR (ft) Acres Date(s) Survey Rate CPR 1-2, Uncommon BMA? Hours (ac/hr) Rare/Sensitive Species Sp. (mitigated) Toms Gulch (2019) 141701 1-17- no Fields 800-1200 138 2018: 3/12, 42 3.3 MOHO CHGL, PLRE, 116HUM Landing & 3/13, 3/14, LICO McWhinney 3/16 Creek Ole Jacoby (2019) 151801 1-18- no Arcata South 100-650 180 2018: 3/14, 37 4.9 Negative CHGL, LICO, 085HUM 3/16, 3/20 LYCL, RILA Browns Ridge 171801 1-18- no Mad River 1000- 225.5 2018: 4/17, 62 3.6 ERRE, ERSP LICO, USLO 144HUM Buttes 3100 4/19, 5/1, 6/7 Van Cleave 221701 1-18- no Arcata South 680-1580 237 2018: 4/10, 31 7.6 Negative CHGL, LYCL, 004HUM 4/16, 4/18, MICAU, PLRE, 5/31, 6/6 RILA Bald Mountain 261801 1-18- no Blue Lake, 1800- 137 2018: 4/13, 23 6.0 Negative CHGL, COLA, Creek 109HUM Korbel 2500 4/16, 4/18, LICO 6/6 Noisy Creek 271702 1-17- no Lord-Ellis 1020- 413 2018: 4/6, 63 6.6 CAAR, SAOF, LICO 118HUM Summit & 2360 4/11, 4/12, DACA Maple Creek 4/13, 4/16, Herbaceous 6/5 Alliance Cutoff Road 271801 1-18- no Lord-Ellis 1980- 353 2018: 4/27, 69 5.1 CAAR COLA, LICO 084HUM Summit & 3100 5/7, 5/8, Maple Creek 5/11, 5/14, 5/21 Murray Road 341701 1-17- no Arcata North 200-400 107.5 3/20/2018 16 6.7 Negative CHGL (2019) 130HUM Mather (2019) 351701 1-17- no Arcata North 200-500 189 2018: 3/20, 20 9.5 Negative LYCL, RILA 121HUM 3/28 Jackson Creek 401701 1-18- no Blue Lake 600-1500 166.5 2018: 3/28, 24 6.9 Negative LICO, MICAU, 003HUM 4/6, 4/23, SIMA 4/27, 5/11 East Fork Mad 421701 1-18- no Blue Lake 900-2520 145 2018: 4/20, 17 8.5 Negative LICO (2019) 039HUM 4/23

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 29

Canyon Creek 421702 1-18- no Blue Lake 800-1640 163 2018: 4/17, 37 4.4 Negative COLA, LICO, (2019) 002HUM 4/20 LYCL, MICAU CR 2700 (2018) 431701 1-17- yes Panther 1000- 96 2017: 8/2; 18 5.3 Negative LICO, LYCL 089HUM Creek 2200 2018: 4/12, 4/18, 6/20 CR 2220 Thin 431702 1-17- yes Crannel 200-900 5 5/25/2018 0.5 10.0 Negative Negative (2018) 148HUM Upper Fork Thin 431703 1-18- yes Panther 800-2000 5 5/25/2018 1 5.0 Negative Negative 033HUM Creek Whitehouse '19 431801 1-18- yes Crannel 40-1200 107 2018: 8/7, 19 5.6 Negative CHGL 145HUM 8/9, 8/10 Gray Creek Thin 471703 1-17- yes Crannel & 20-850 311 4/6/2018 8 38.9 CAAN RILA (2018) 095HUM Rodgers Peak CR 1900 (2018) 471704 1-18- yes Trinidad & 760-1340 10 9/12/2018 1 10.0 Negative LYCL 015HUM Crannell Clear Maple (2019) 471705 1-17- yes Crannell & 1280- 0 N/A 0 0.0 Negative LYCL 124HUM Panther 1800 Creek BL-1110 Thin 471706 1-17- yes Rodgers 50-350 201 6/13/2018 17 11.8 Negative CHGL, LICO 135HUM Peak Scattered Maple 471707 1-18- yes Crannell 200-1200 10 2018: 6/22, 14 0.7 Negative RILA (2018) 069HUM 8/1, 8/24

Pitcher Upper 471708 1-18- yes Rodgers 720-2160 2 8/24/2018 1 2.0 Negative Negative 010HUM Peak, Crannell, & Panther Creek Grey Diamond 471709 1-18- yes Trinidad 600-1640 10 8/24/2018 1 10.0 Negative Negative 042HUM CR-1710 (2019) 471801 1-18- yes Trinidad & 360-840 20 6/22/2018 4 5.0 Negative LYCL, RILA 157HUM Crannell North McDonald 471802 1-18- yes Rodgers 480-1720 30 8/24/2018 1 30.0 Negative LYCL 140HUM Peak K&K 830 (2018) 481702 1-17- no Panther 600-2800 214 2018: 4/11, 30 7.1 Negative LICO, LYCL 149HUM Creek 4/12, 4/18

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 30

Roaring Panther 481703 1-17- no Panther 1720- 145 2018: 3/30, 18 8.1 Negative Negative 119HUM Creek 2600 4/6, 4/10

Ogletree (2018) 511701 1-17- no Bald Hills 1400- 118 2017: 8/10; 35 3.4 Negative LICO 134HUM 2400 2018: 3/22, 4/9, 4/24, 4/25, 6/6 Big Prairie (2018) 511702 1-17- no French 1840- 124.5 2017: 8/11; 29 4.3 ASUM, ERRE, COLA, LICO, 137HUM Camp Ridge 3040 2018: 4/26, GICAPA, PISP THGR 4/30, 5/30 Johnson/Roach 511704 1-17- no Bald Hills 60-2200 348 2018: 3/27, 81 4.3 ERRE, PISP LICO 136HUM 4/3, 4/4, 4/5, 4/26, 4/27, 6/4 Metectah (Middle 511705 1-18- no Holter Ridge 700-2460 388 2017: 5/17, 68 5.7 ERRE COLA, LICO Mettah) 016HUM 5/19, 7/19; 2018: 3/27, 4/2, 4/3, 4/4, 5/29, 9/7 Tully Creek East 511706 1-17- no French 2000- 212 2018: 4/30, 25 8.5 ASUM, PISP COLA, LICO, 143HUM Camp Ridge 3000 5/8, 5/9, THGR 6/12 Outer Hancorne 511707 1-17- no Holter Ridge 1200- 277 2018: 4/9, 52 5.3 ERRE COLA (2018) 144HUM & Johnsons 2200 4/20, 4/24, 4/25, 8/23 TT220 (2018) 561703 1-17- no Holter Ridge 400-2000 140 2018: 3/29, 24 5.8 ERRE Negative 147HUM 3/30, 7/25 J-1700 (2019) 561704 1-18- no Johnsons & 279-2139 221 2018: 3/29, 61 3.6 PISP LICO 063HUM Holter Ridge 3/30, 4/2, 4/3, 6/14, 6/22 Elk Camp (2019) 561801 1-18- no Bald Hills 1880- 95 2018: 4/9, 12 7.9 Negative LICO 091HUM 2680 4/25 TT 515 (2020) 561803 1-18- no Bald Hills & 1160- 216 2018: 5/16, 25 8.6 Negative LICO, PLRE 141HUM Holter Ridge 1972 5/23, 5/29 S-Line South 611601 1-17- no Ah Pah 800-1400 220 2017: 8/7, 77 2.9 MOUN LICO, MICAU, 120HUM Ridge 8/8; 2018: PICAL 3/21, 3/22

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 31

S-Line 100 611702 1-18- no Ah Pah 800-1400 217 2018: 3/23, 53 4.1 CAAN, MOUN CHGL, MICAU 059HUM Ridge, Fern 5/1, 5/2, Canyon 5/4, 5/8, 7/2, 7/3, 7/5, 8/7 Headwaters of 611801 1-18- no Ah Pah 800-1400 321 2018: 5/4, 71 4.5 MOUN MICAU Tarup 103HUM Ridge & Fern 5/8, 5/9, Canyon 5/10, 7/27, 7/30, 8/1, 8/3 SA 10 END 661701 1-18- no Ah Pah 400-1300 222 2018: 3/23, 51 4.4 CAAN CHGL, SIMA 006DEL/HUM Ridge 3/26, 6/25 Headwaters of 661801 1-18-114DEL no Fern Canyon 280-1600 271 2018: 5/1, 62 4.4 CAAN CHGL, PICAL, McGarvey 5/2, 5/4, PLRE 7/23, 7/24 Upper West Fork 711801 1-18-098DEL no Childs Hill 400-1640 201 2018: 4/2, 42 4.8 ERRE PICAL Hunter Creek 5/2, 5/8, 5/9, 7/17, 7/19, 8/3 T-10 East 731701 1-18-080DEL no Requa & 200-1700 235 2018: 5/2, 70 3.4 MOUN Negative Klamath 5/4, 5/8, Glen 5/9, 7/16, 7/17, 7/18 T-10 West 731702 1-18-081DEL no Requa & 200-2080 256 2018: 5/21, 48 5.3 MOUN MICAU, PICAL Klamath 5/9, 7/5, Glen 7/16, 7/18 Little Mor 901701 1-17-131DEL no Smith River 300-1400 162 2018: 3/26, 30 5.4 Negative Negative & High 6/26, 6/27 Divide Rowdy Divide 931701 1-17-108DEL no High Divide 200-1300 266 2018: 3/26; 97 2.7 CAAN, MOHO, CHGL, OXSU, 2017: 7/27, MOUN USLO 7/31, 8/1, 8/2, 8/15 South Winchuck 931702 1-18-106DEL no Smith River 80-680 225 2018: 5/10, 74 3.0 MOUN CHGL, 5/22, 6/27, MICAU, 7/9, 7/10 OXSU, PLRE Savoy Split 931703 1-18-044DEL no High Divide 100-1400 328 2018: 5/10, 53 6.2 MOUN LICO, PLRE 6/20, 6/25

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 32

Gilbert/Winchuck 931801 no Smith River 20-680 196 2018: 7/9, 57 3.4 MOUN MICAU 7/10, 7/11, 7/31 Sultan Divide 941801 no Hiouchi and 100-1400 373 2018: 6/26, 66 5.7 MOUN PLRE High Divide 6/27, 6/29 Little Mill Ridge 941702 1-18-071DEL no High Divide 280-1600 202 2018: 5/15, 47 4.3 MOUN PICAL, USLO 6/28, 7/11, 7/12 Light green highlight: surveys initiated in 2017 and completed in 2018. Light grey highlight: surveys initiated in 2018 and status pending results of 2019 surveys.

Key to species abbreviations and CRPR Status ARNO: Arctostaphylos nortensis (CRPR 4.3) ERRE: Erythronium revolutum (CRPR 2B.2) MOUNI: Moneses uniflora (CRPR 2B.2) ASUM: Astragalus umbraticus (CRPR 2B.3) GICAPA: Gilia capitata ssp. pacifica (CRPR 1B.2) PICAL: Pityopus californicus (CRPR 4.2) BEOR: Bensoniella oregona (CRPR 1B.1) IRBR: Iris bracteata (CRPR 3.3) PLRE: Pleuropogon refractus (CRPR 4.2) CAAN: Cardamine angulata (CRPR 2B.1) LICO: Listera cordata (CRPR 4.2) PLST: Plantanthera stricta (CRPR 4.2) CHGL: Chrysosplenium glechomifolium (CRPR 4.3) LYCL: Lycopodium clavatum (CRPR 4.1) RILA: Ribes laxiflorum (CRPR 4.3) COCAN: Cornus canadensis (CRPR 2B.2) MICAU: Mitellastra caulescens (CRPR 4.2) SIMA: Sidalcea malachroides (CRPR 4.2) COLA: Coptis laciniata (CRPR 4.2) MOHO: Montia howellii (CRPR 2B.2) THGR: Thermopsis gracilis (CRPR 4.3) EROR: Erythronium oregonum (CRPR 2B.2) MOUN: Monotropa uniflora (CRPR 2B.2) TITRTR: Tiarella trifoliata var. trifoliata (CRPR 3.2)

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 33

PROGRAM GOALS FOR 2019

No changes are proposed to the protocols as delineated in the Sensitive Plant Conservation Plan and the associated Property-wide Consultations. The goals as listed below are intended to supplement the existing botanical program, some are experimental in nature, and none are intended to be enforceable actions associated with CDFW’s evaluation of GDRCo’s botanical program.

 Evaluate potential for oak woodland restoration treatments on GDRCo.

o Develop guidelines for application of new oak woodland restoration silviculture (i.e. 14 CCR 913.4(f)) and how/if these practices will fit into Green Diamond’s managed landscape, including potential for restoration and conservation of HCVF areas. o Conduct Rapid Assessment plots of potential stands to be restored and measures to ensure application of restoration silviculture is appropriate. o Identify potential areas of the ownership where this silviculture may be viable (both economically and ecologically).

 Develop a robust habitat maintenance plan for special status species with specific life history requirements.

o Provide ongoing management of special status plant occurrences. Depending on the species, this management will take different forms, i.e. promoting controlled disturbances for disturbance loving species, controlling invasive weeds, or increasing sunlight at a given site and so forth.

 Implement test plots of Asclepias spp. to foster Monarch butterfly habitat on the property.

o GDRCo has been approached by the Environmental Defense Fund to evaluate suitability of our lands to host native species of Asclepias (milkweed). With the help of the company nursery, GDRCo is currently planting test plots of three different species of milkweed (A. fasculata, A. speciosa, A. eriocarpa) to see how well they will grow along the Mad River. If successful, we will be collecting seed from our test plots and generating larger plantations of milkweed. This project is part of a greater effort by the Environmental Defense Fund to create more Monarch butterfly habitat across the United States and to bolster food sources during migration events.

 Investigate the feasibility of sharing all GDRCo’s floristic survey data with CalFlora

o Work with CalFlora to coordinate a large scale data transfer of Green Diamond’s historical survey data, if feasible. o Determine the best method to annually send CalFlora a set of data from the year’s surveys.

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 34

ENTIRE DATABASE RECORDS SINCE 2001: VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES LIST

%Occ. Count TREES 90% 1127 Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii Douglas -fir 79% 988 Sequoia sempervirens coast redwood 78% 979 Alnus rubra red alder 75% 944 Notholithocarpus densiflorus var. densiflorus tanoak 64% 799 Tsuga heterophylla western hemlock 54% 676 Frangula purshiana cascara 51% 637 Acer macrophyllum big-leaf maple 49% 619 Arbutus menziesii Pacific madrone 45% 564 Umbellularia californica California-bay 35% 442 Abies grandis grand fir 35% 436 Salix sp. willow 31% 395 Thuja plicata western red cedar 29% 361 Picea sitchensis Sitka spruce 27% 345 Chrysolepis chrysophylla var. chrysophylla giant chinquapin 14% 176 Salix sitchensis Sitka willow 10% 128 Cornus nuttallii Pacific dogwood 8% 99 Quercus kelloggii California black oak 8% 95 Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Port Orford Cedar 7% 89 Quercus garryana Oregon white oak 6% 79 Quercus chrysolepis canyon live oak 5% 68 Taxus brevifolia Pacific yew 5% 67 Calocedrus decurrens incense cedar 5% 60 Pinus radiata x P. attenuata Monterey and knobcone cross 5% 57 Salix lasiandra var. lasiandra Pacific willow 4% 56 Pinus sp. pine 4% 51 Abies concolor white fir 4% 48 Pinus lambertiana sugar pine 4% 48 Pinus muricata Bishop pine 3% 37 Pinus attenuata knobcone pine 3% 36 Salix lasiolepis arroyo willow 2% 29 Pinus murtica x Pinus radiata Monterey and Bishop pine cross 2% 20 Salix hookeriana Hooker’s willow 1% 18 Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa black cottonwood 1% 17 Abies magnifica var. magnifica California red fir 1% 17 Pinus ponderosa Ponderosa pine 1% 17 Salix scouleriana Scouler’s willow 1% 15 Fraxinus latifolia Oregon ash 1% 11 Quercus sp. oak 1% 10 Pinus jeffreyi Jeffery pine 1% 9 Acer negundo box elder

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 35

1% 9 Pinus radiata Monterey pine 1% 8 Acacia sp. acacia 1% 8 Malus pumila cultivated apple 0% 6 Malus sp. apple 0% 5 Salix laevigata red willow 0% 4 Quercus wislizeni interior live oak 0% 3 Aesculus californica California buckeye 0% 3 Malus fusca Oregon crab apple 0% 3 Prunus virginiana var. demissa western chokecherry 0% 2 Acacia dealbata silver wattle 0% 2 Alnus rhombifolia White alder 0% 2 Eucalyptus globulus blue gum 0% 2 Frangula purshiana cascara 0% 2 Pinus contorta ssp. contorta beach pine 0% 1 Juglans regia English walnut 0% 1 Juglans sp. Walnut 0% 1 Notholithocarpus densiflorus var. densiflorus tanoak 0% 1 Pinus monticola western white pine 0% 1 Pinus sabiniana gray pine

%Occ. Count SHRUBS 80% 1001 Vaccinium ovatum evergreen huckleberry 79% 992 Gaultheria shallon salal 73% 920 Rubus ursinus Pacific bramble; California blackberry 73% 920 Vaccinium parvifolium red huckleberry 66% 834 Berberis nervosa dwarf Oregon-grape 64% 807 Rubus parviflorus thimbleberry 63% 786 Baccharis pilularis coyote brush 61% 766 Rubus spectabilis salmonberry 57% 717 Rhododendron macrophyllum California rose-bay 54% 678 Rubus leucodermis white-stemmed raspberry 50% 626 Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa red elderberry 48% 601 Toxicodendron diversilobum poison-oak 44% 553 Ceanothus thyrsiflorus blue blossom 38% 480 Rubus armeniacus Himalayan blackberry 34% 431 Ribes sanguineum var. glutinosum pink flowering currant 34% 430 Rosa sp. rose 34% 427 Corylus cornuta subsp. Californica California hazelnut 33% 412 Ribes bracteosum stink currant 32% 404 Holodiscus discolor oceanspray 29% 360 Arctostaphylos columbiana hairy manzanita 21% 267 Rosa gymnocarpa wood rose 21% 266 Morella californica wax myrtle

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 36

21% 262 Ribes menziesii canyon gooseberry 19% 244 Cytisus scoparius Scotch broom 19% 240 Acer circinatum vine maple 17% 215 Euonymus occidentalis western burning bush 16% 205 Ilex aquifolium English holly 15% 185 Berberis aquifolium tall Oregon-grape 14% 177 Arctostaphylos sp. (not a rare) manzanita 11% 141 Aralia californica elk clover 11% 135 Oemleria cerasiformis oso berry 10% 131 Ribes laxiflorum trailing black currant 10% 126 Ceanothus velutinus snow brush 10% 126 Ribes sp. gooseberry 10% 120 Ribes sanguineum red flowering current 10% 120 Symphoricarpos albus var. laevigatus common snowberry 9% 113 Cotoneaster pannosus cotoneaster 8% 98 Ribes roezlii Sierra gooseberry 7% 92 Lonicera involucrata var. ledebourii black twinberry 7% 83 Rubus laciniatus Dissected leaf blackberry 6% 81 Ceanothus sp. California-lilac 6% 78 Genista monspessulana French broom 5% 67 Menziesia ferruginea False azalea 5% 64 Frangula californica California coffeeberry 5% 62 Amelanchier alnifolia western service-berry 4% 51 Symphoricarpos sp. snowberry 4% 46 Sambucus sp. Elderberry 4% 44 Cornus sericea American dogwood 3% 41 Rhododendron occidentale western azalea 3% 39 Quercus berberidifolia scrub oak 3% 39 Ribes lobbii gummy goosebeery 3% 36 Ceanothus foliosus var. foliosus wavyleaf ceanothus 3% 36 Gaultheria ovatifolia oval-leaved salal 3% 36 Mimulus aurantiacus orange bush monkey-flower 3% 35 Arctostaphylos nevadensis pinemat manzanita 3% 35 Ribes sanguineum var. sanguineum red flowering currant 3% 32 Arctostaphylos manzanita var. elegans common manzanita 3% 32 Ceanothus integerrimus deer brush 2% 29 Prunus emarginata bitter cherry 2% 29 Sambucus nigra subsp. caerulea blue elderberry 2% 28 Alnus viridis ssp. sinuata Sitka alder 2% 28 Vaccinium membranaceum thinleaf huckleberry 2% 26 Ceanothus cordulatus mountain whitethorn 2% 25 Philadelphus lewisii wild mock-orange 2% 22 Paxistima myrsinites Oregon boxwood

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 37

2% 20 Prunus sp. plum or cherry 2% 19 Ceanothus incanus coast whitethorn 2% 19 Cornus sessilis miner's dogwood 1% 18 Rubus sp. bramble 1% 16 Erica lucitanica weedy heath 1% 16 Garrya elliptica coast silk tassel 1% 16 Phoradendron serotinum subsp. Tomentosum oak mistletoe 1% 15 Amelanchier utahensis Utah service-berry 1% 14 Chrysolepis chrysophylla var. minor dwarf chinquapin 1% 13 Garrya fremontii bearbrush, Fremont's silk tassel 1% 12 Physocarpus capitatus Pacific ninebark 1% 11 Spiraea douglasii Douglas’ spiraea 1% 10 Ceanothus cuneatus var. cuneatus buck brush 1% 10 Cornus sp. dogwood 1% 9 Lonicera sp. twinberry 1% 8 Arctostaphylos canescens ssp. canescens hoary manzanita 1% 7 Rhododendron columbianum western Labrador tea 0% 6 Amelanchier sp. service berry 0% 5 Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia Mountain alder 0% 5 Arctostaphylos viscida white-leaved manzanita 0% 5 Heteromeles arbutifolia toyon 0% 5 Rosa rubiginosa sweet brier 0% 5 Vaccinium cespitosum dwarf bilberry 0% 4 Arctostaphylos canescens ssp. sonomensis Sonoma manzanita 0% 4 Berberis sp. Oregon grape 0% 4 Ceanothus oliganthus var. sorediatus jim brush 0% 4 Ribes lacustre Swamp current 0% 4 Rosa nutkana subsp. Nutkana Nootka rose 0% 3 Arctostaphylos glandulosa Eastwood’s manzanita 0% 3 Aruncus dioicus var. acuminatus goat’s beard 0% 3 Buddleja davidii butterfly bush; summer lilac 0% 3 Ceanothus velutinus var. velutinus tobacco brush 0% 3 Fuschia sp. fushia 0% 3 Garrya buxifolia boxleaf silk tassel 0% 3 Quercus vacciniifolia huckleberry oak 0% 3 Salix exigua narrow-leaved willow 0% 2 Arctostaphylos nortensis Del Norte manzanita 0% 2 Arctostaphylos nortensis (unconfirmed) Del Norte manzanita 0% 2 Gaultheria sp. salal 0% 2 Rubus discolor Himalayan blackberry 0% 2 Sorbus scopulina mountain ash 0% 1 Adenostoma fasciculatum chamise 0% 1 Chrysolepis sempervirens bush chinquapin

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 38

0% 1 Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum black crowberry 0% 1 Holodiscus dumosus rock spirea 0% 1 Quercus garryana var. breweri Brewer's oak

%Occ. Count HE RBACEOUS 81% 1013 Polystichum munitum sword fern 74% 933 Viola sempervirens evergreen violet 73% 913 Claytonia sibirica candy flower 72% 905 Oxalis oregana redwood sorrel 71% 885 Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens western bracken fern 70% 884 Struthiopteris spicant deer fern 69% 872 Trillium ovatum western trillium 69% 862 Whipplea modesta yerba de selva 68% 855 Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosorum lady fern 67% 841 Asarum caudatum wild ginger 67% 835 Lysimachia latifolia Pacific star flower 61% 766 Galium sp. bedstraw 58% 732 Hypochaeris radicata hairy cat’s-ear 57% 719 Holcus lanatus common velvet grass 57% 718 Prunella vulgaris self-heal 57% 710 Cardamine californica California toothwort; milk maids 55% 690 Juncus effusus common rush 54% 681 Petasites frigidus var. palmatus western coltsfoot 53% 662 Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting 51% 635 Iris sp. iris 49% 611 Plantago lanceolata English plantain 48% 603 Tolmiea diplomenziesii youth-on-age; pig-a-back plant 48% 597 Adiantum aleuticum five-fingered fern 44% 547 Anthoxanthum odoratum sweet vernal grass 44% 546 Anthoxanthum occidentale vanilla grass 44% 546 Leucanthemum vulgare ox-eye daisy 43% 534 Lonicera hispidula hairy honeysuckle 42% 529 Hieracium albiflorum white hawkweed 42% 524 Osmorhiza berteroi mountain sweet-cicely 41% 520 Cortaderia jubata weedy pampas grass 40% 506 Fragaria vesca wood strawberry 40% 503 Digitalis purpurea foxglove 40% 503 Sanicula crassicaulis Pacific snakeroot 40% 496 Cirsium vulgare bull thistle 39% 494 Cirsium sp. thistle 39% 492 Stachys ajugoides hedge nettle 39% 490 Dryopteris expansa wood fern 39% 490 Luzula parviflora small-flowered wood rush

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 39

39% 486 Achillea millefolium common yarrow 39% 486 Goodyera oblongifolia rattlesnake plantain 37% 461 Equisetum arvense common horsetail 37% 461 Senecio minimus toothed coast fireweed 36% 458 Vancouveria hexandra northern inside-out flower 36% 453 Bellis perennis English daisy 35% 433 Lilium sp. lily 34% 431 Ranunculus repens creeping buttercup 34% 426 Luzula comosa common wood rush 34% 426 Rumex crispus curly dock 34% 425 Dicentra formosa Pacific bleeding heart 34% 424 Adenocaulon bicolor trail plant 34% 424 Carex leptopoda short-scaled sedge 33% 408 Boykinia occidentalis coast boykinia 32% 407 Cardamine oligosperma western bittercress 32% 405 Cynosurus echinatus hedgehog dogtail 32% 398 Rumex acetosella sheep sorrel 31% 393 Prosartes sp. fairy bells 31% 387 Mimulus dentatus toothed monkey flower 31% 384 Scoliopus bigelovii slink-pod 31% 383 Trifolium sp. clover 30% 382 Aira caryophyllea silver European hairgrass 30% 378 Carex obnupta slough sedge 30% 377 Oenanthe sarmentosa Pacific water-parsley 30% 377 Tellima grandiflora fringe cups 30% 373 Carex sp. (not a rare) sedge 30% 372 Lupinus sp. lupine 30% 372 Maianthemum racemosum branched Solomon's seal 29% 361 Listera cordata heart-leaved twayblade 28% 356 Madia sp. tarweed 28% 354 Ranunculus sp. buttercup 28% 352 Hosackia rosea rose-flowered lotus 28% 351 Galium aparine goose grass 27% 342 Clinopodium (Satureja) douglasii yerba buena 27% 342 Dactylis glomerata orchard grass 27% 337 Clintonia andrewsiana bead lily 27% 334 Mentha pulegium pennyroyal 27% 333 Veronica americana American brooklime 26% 323 Pectiantia ovalis coastal mitrewort 26% 323 Taraxacum officinale dandelion 25% 320 Pyrola picta white-veined wintergreen 25% 313 Scirpus microcarpus small-flowered bulrush 25% 311 Stachys sp. hedge nettle

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 40

24% 305 Iris douglasiana Douglas iris Klamath weed or common St. John’s- 24% 299 Hypericum perforatum wort 24% 298 Gnaphalium sp. cudweed 24% 298 Stellaria crispa crisp chickweed 23% 293 Viola glabella smooth violet 23% 287 Urtica dioica ssp. holosericea stinging nettle 23% 286 Lycopodium clavatum running-pine 23% 285 Corallorhiza maculata spotted coralroot 22% 278 Calypso bulbosa calypso orchid; fairy slipper orchid 22% 275 Poa annua annual bluegrass 21% 267 Acmispon parviflorus rose-flowered lotus 21% 264 Agrostis sp. bent grass 21% 261 Prosartes smithii Smith’s fairy bells 20% 255 Maianthemum stellatum star Solomon's seal 20% 253 Epilobium sp. fireweed; willow herb 20% 251 Pentagramma triangularis ssp. triangularis goldback fern 20% 247 Lotus sp. lotus 20% 246 Circaea alpina ssp. pacifica enchanter’s nightshade 19% 244 Epilobium ciliatum northern willow herb 19% 243 Lysichiton americanus skunk cabbage 19% 242 Linum bienne western blue flax 19% 240 Vicia sp. vetch 19% 239 Equisetum telmateia ssp. braunii giant horsetail 19% 239 Plantago major common plantain 19% 238 Asyneuma prenanthoides California harebell 19% 237 Achlys triphylla ssp. triphylla vanilla leaf 19% 237 Heuchera micrantha small-flowered alumroot 18% 230 Woodwardia fimbriata giant chain fern 18% 227 Scrophularia californica coast figwort 18% 225 Juncus sp. rush 18% 222 Cynoglossum grande hound’s-tongue 17% 218 Gamochaeta ustulata purple cudweed 17% 217 Bromus sp. brome 17% 217 Lathyrus sp. pea 17% 215 Hypochaeris glabra smooth cat's-ear 17% 214 Carex hendersonii Henderson’s sedge 17% 212 Kopsiopsis (Boschniakia) strobilacea California ground-cone 17% 211 Polypodium glycyrrhiza licorice fern 17% 209 Collomia heterophylla varied-leaf collomia 16% 206 Aquilegia formosa crimson columbine 16% 204 Achlys californica California deer foot; vanilla leaf 16% 204 Juncus patens spreading rush

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 41

16% 204 Prosartes hookeri Hooker’s fairy bells 16% 203 Marah sp. wild cucumber 16% 200 Poa sp. bluegrass 16% 197 Vancouveria sp. inside-out flower 16% 196 Elymus glaucus blue wildrye 15% 194 Corallorhiza sp. coralroot 15% 194 Hydrophyllum tenuipes Pacific waterleaf 15% 194 Nemophila parviflora small-flowered nemophila 15% 193 Trifolium repens white clover 15% 191 Polypodium sp. polypody 15% 189 Xerophyllum tenax bear-grass 15% 185 Nemophila sp. nemophila 15% 182 Lilium columbianum Columbia lily 14% 179 Vancouveria planipetala redwood inside-out flower 14% 178 Juncus bufonius common toad rush 14% 176 Festuca sp. fescue 14% 175 Lotus corniculatus birdfoot trefoil 14% 174 Anemone deltoidea Columbia windflower 13% 168 Pityopus californicus California pinefoot 13% 163 Actaea rubra baneberry 13% 161 Trifolium dubium little hop clover; shamrock clover 13% 160 Lathyrus vestitus wood pea 13% 159 Veronica sp. speedwell 13% 157 Claytonia perfoliata miner’s lettuce 12% 155 Chimaphila umbellata prince’s pine 12% 155 Daucus carota wild carrot or Queen Anne’s lace 12% 153 Pyrola picta forma aphylla leafless wintergreen 12% 149 Anagallis arvensis scarlet pimpernel 12% 149 Lupinus rivularis riverbank lupine 12% 149 Luzula sp. wood rush 12% 147 Synthyris reniformis snow queen 12% 146 Dryopteris arguta coastal wood fern 12% 145 Parentucellia viscosa yellow parentucellia 11% 144 Maianthemum dilatatum false lily-of-the-valley 11% 142 Phacelia bolanderi Bolander’s phacelia 11% 141 Festuca perennis Italian perennial ryegrass 11% 140 Spergularia rubra purple sand spurry 11% 137 Vicia sativa common vetch 11% 136 Montia fontana water montia 11% 132 Geranium dissectum cut-leaved geranium 10% 127 Marah oregana coast man-root 10% 126 Glyceria elata tall mannagrass 10% 123 Danthonia californica California oatgrass

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 42

10% 122 Festuca arundinacea tall fescue 10% 121 Mitellastra caulescens leafy-stemmed mitrewort 9% 119 Briza maxima large quaking grass; rattlesnake grass 9% 117 Briza minor small quaking grass; rattlesnake grass 9% 115 Bromus carinatus California brome 9% 114 Maianthemum sp. false Solomon's seal 9% 114 Navarretia squarrosa skunkweed 9% 112 Cerastium sp. chickweed 9% 111 Euchiton sphaericus Japanese cudweed 9% 111 Tiarella trifoliata var. unifoliata sugar scoop; lace flower 9% 109 Bromus hordeaceus soft chess 9% 109 Galium triflorum sweet-scented bedstraw 9% 108 Cynosurus sp. dogtail grass 8% 106 Chrysosplenium glechomifolium golden saxifrage 8% 106 Hedera helix English ivy 8% 105 Bromus vulgaris narrow-flowered brome 8% 101 Chimaphila menziesii Little Prince's pine 8% 98 Sonchus sp. sow thistle 8% 96 Elymus sp. wildrye 8% 96 Listera banksiana northwest twayblade 8% 95 Cerastium glomeratum mouse ear chickweed 8% 95 Monotropa hypopitys pine sap 7% 94 Senecio jacobaea tansy ragwort 7% 93 Cirsium arvense Canada thistle 7% 93 Leontodon saxatilis hawkbit 7% 93 Scirpus sp. bulrush 7% 92 Monotropa uniflora Indian-pipe 7% 91 Lathyrus torreyi redwood pea; Torrey’s pea 7% 91 Ranunculus californicus California buttercup 7% 90 Equisetum hyemale ssp. affine common scouring rush 7% 89 Cyperus eragrostis nut-grass; tall flat-sedge 7% 89 Mimulus guttatus seep-spring monkey flower 7% 88 Mimulus sp. monkey flower 7% 87 Deschampsia elongata slender hairgrass 7% 87 Heracleum maximum cow parsnip 7% 84 Pleuropogon refractus nodding semaphore grass 7% 84 Senecio sylvaticus wood groundsel 7% 83 Cephalanthera austiniae phantom orchid 7% 82 Corallorhiza mertensiana western coralroot 7% 82 Ranunculus occidentalis western buttercup 6% 81 Centaurium muhlenbergii Monterey centaury 6% 81 Polygala californica California milkwort 6% 81 Stellaria media common chickweed

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 43

6% 80 Festuca bromoides six week fescue 6% 78 Lolium sp ryegrass 6% 77 Juncus bolanderi Bolander’s rush 6% 77 Juncus ensifolius dagger-leaf rush 6% 75 Ranunculus uncinatus little buttercup 6% 74 Erythronium revolutum coast fawn lily 6% 73 Geranium sp. geranium 6% 72 Phacelia sp. phacelia 6% 71 Festuca sp. annual fescue 6% 71 Senecio sp. groundsel; ragwort; butterweed 6% 70 Callitriche sp. water starwort 6% 70 Nemophila menziesii baby blue-eyes 5% 69 Chamerion angustifolium red fireweed Chlorogalum pomeridianum var. 5% 68 pomeridianum soap plant 5% 68 Pleuricospora fimbriolata fringed pine-sap 5% 65 Achlys sp. deer foot 5% 65 Anemone sp. anemone 5% 63 Equisetum sp. 5% 63 Erigeron canadensis horseweed 5% 63 Helminthotheca echioides bristly ox-tongue 5% 63 Nasturtium officinale water cress 5% 62 Melilotus albus white sweetclover 5% 59 Cerastium arvense field chickweed 5% 59 Scenecio sp. fireweed 5% 58 Ranunculus parviflorus small-flowered buttercup 5% 57 Anisocarpus madioides woodland madia 4% 56 Hierochloe sp. vanilla grass 4% 56 Stellaria sp. chickweed 4% 55 Coptis laciniata Oregon goldthread 4% 55 Erodium sp. stork's-bill 4% 54 Avena sp. Oatgrass 4% 54 Galium trifidum trifid bedstraw 4% 54 Sanicula sp. sanicle 4% 54 Sidalcea malachroides maple-leaved checkerbloom 4% 53 Polystichum imbricans imbricated sword fern 4% 53 Vicia tetrasperma slender vetch 4% 52 Carex gynodynama Olney’s hairy sedge 4% 52 Hypericum anagalloides bog St. John’s-wort or tinker’s-penny 4% 51 Cynosurus cristatus crested dogtail 4% 51 Festuca occidentalis western fescue 4% 51 Mimulus moschatus musk monkey flower 4% 50 Melica sp. oniongrass

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 44

4% 50 Sisyrinchium bellum blue-eyed-grass 4% 50 Vicia americana subsp. americana American vetch 4% 49 Polypodium scouleri leather-leaf fern 4% 49 Triphysaria pusilla dwarf orthocarpus 4% 48 Glyceria sp. mannagrass 4% 48 Polypodium californicum California polypody 4% 47 Corallorhiza striata striped coralroot 4% 47 Spergularia sp. sand spurry 4% 47 Viola sp. violet 4% 46 Conyza sp. horseweed 4% 46 Delphinium sp. larkspur 4% 46 Matricaria discoidea pineapple weed 4% 44 Hemitomes congestum gnome plant 3% 41 Hypericum sp. St. John’s-wort 3% 41 Lupinus bicolor miniature lupine 3% 41 Sedum sp. stonecrop 3% 40 Mentha sp. field mint 3% 40 Streptopus amplexifolius clasping twisted-stalk 3% 39 Allotropa virgata sugar-stick 3% 39 Boykinia major Mountain boykinia 3% 39 Linnaea borealis var. longiflora twin flower 3% 39 Symphoricarpos mollis creeping snowberry 3% 38 Apocynum androsaemifolium bitter dogbane 3% 38 Carex bolanderi Bolander’s sedge 3% 38 Clintonia uniflora single-flowered clintonia 3% 38 Dichelostemma ida-maia firecracker flower 3% 38 Drymocallis glandulosa sticky cinquefoil 3% 38 Trisetum canescens Nodding oat grass 3% 37 Claytonia parviflora ssp. parviflora small-leaved claytonia 3% 37 Daucus sp. wild carrot 3% 37 Deschampsia sp. tufted hair grass 3% 37 Festuca californica California fescue 3% 37 Fritillaria affinis checker lily 3% 37 Melica subulata Alaska oniongrass 3% 37 Montia howellii Howell’s montia 3% 36 Aster sp. aster 3% 36 Piperia transversa green striped piperia 3% 36 Torreyochloa pallida var. pauciflora weak mannagrass 3% 35 Iris tenuissima ssp. tenuissima slender-tubed iris 3% 35 Saxifraga mertensiana Merten’s saxifrage 3% 35 Stipa occidentalis var. pubescens western needlegrass 3% 35 Torilis arvensis field hedge-parsley; rattlesnake weed 3% 34 Bromus diandrus ripgut grass

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 45

3% 34 Iris purdyi Purdy’s iris 3% 34 Piperia sp. piperia 3% 34 Rumex salicfolius willow dock 3% 33 Poa pratensis Kentucky bluegrass 3% 32 Melica bulbosa western melica; oniongrass 3% 32 Selaginella wallacei Wallace's spike-moss 2% 31 Anemone oregana windflower 2% 31 Geum macrophyllum large-leaved avens 2% 31 Lithophragma affine woodland star 2% 31 Moehringia macrophylla large-leaved sandwort 2% 31 Prunella vulgaris var. vulgaris self-heal (exotic) 2% 31 Sonchus asper ssp. asper prickly sow thistle 2% 31 Sonchus oleraceus common sow thistle 2% 31 Viola adunca western dog violet 2% 30 Campanula scouleri Scouler's harebell 2% 30 Deschampsia cespitosa tufted hairgrass 2% 30 Montia parvifolia streambank spring beauty 2% 30 Trillium chloropetalum giant trillium 2% 29 Acmispon americanus spanish lotus 2% 29 Cerastium fontanum ssp. vulgare large mouse-ear chickweed 2% 29 Euchiton gymnocephalus creeping cudweed 2% 29 Heuchera sp. Alum root 2% 29 Plantago subnuda Plantago 2% 28 Callitriche marginata California water-starwort 2% 28 Potentilla sp. cinquefoil 2% 28 Tiarella trifoliata var. trifoliata sugar scoop; lace flower 2% 28 Trillium sp. 2% 27 Calochortus tolmiei pussy ears 2% 27 Conium maculatum poison hemlock 2% 27 Crepis capillaris hawksbeard 2% 27 Dichelostemma capitatum blue dicks 2% 27 Sherardia arvensis field madder 2% 27 Veronica persica Persian speedwell 2% 26 Baccharis glutinosa marsh baccharis 2% 26 Dodecatheon hendersonii Henderson’s shooting star 2% 26 Eschscholzia californica California poppy 2% 26 Lapsana communis nipplewort 2% 26 Polypogon monspeliensis rabbitfoot grass; annual beard grass 2% 26 Polypogon sp. beard grass 2% 26 Silene laciniata subsp. californica Indian pink 2% 25 Lomatium sp. lomatium 2% 25 Zeltnera davyi Davy’s centaury 2% 24 Dipsacus fullonum wild teasel

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 46

2% 24 Erodium botrys long-beaked stork's-bill 2% 24 Festuca subuliflora crinkle-awn fescue 2% 24 Geranium molle dovefoot geranium 2% 24 Marah fabacea California man-root 2% 24 Rosa californica California rose 2% 23 Penstemon sp. beardtongue 2% 22 Allium sp. wild onion 2% 22 Boykinia sp. 2% 22 Brodiaea sp. brodiaea 2% 22 Veronica arvensis speedwell 2% 21 Veronica peregrina ssp. xalapensis purslane speedwell 2% 20 Aira sp. Hairgrass 2% 20 Brodiaea terrestris ssp. terrestris dwarf brodiaea 2% 20 Bromus anomalis nodding brome 2% 20 Tragopogon sp. goat’s beard; salsify 2% 20 Trifolium arvense Rabbitfoot clover 2% 20 Veronica serpyllifolia ssp. humifusa thyme-leaved speedwell 2% 19 Avena barbata slender wild oat 2% 19 Lactuca sp. wild lettuce 2% 19 Phlox adsurgens woodland phlox 2% 19 Sceptridium multifidum leather grape-fern 2% 19 Thermopsis gracilis var. gracilis slender false lupine 2% 19 Trifolium albopurpureum common Indian clover 2% 19 Typha latifolia broadleaf cattail 1% 18 Anthoxanthum aristatum annual sweet vernal grass 1% 18 Artemesia douglasiana mugwort 1% 18 Carex harfordii Harford’s sedge 1% 18 Erythronium californicum California fawn lily 1% 18 Phalaris arundinacea reed canary grass 1% 18 Poa kelloggii Kellogg’s bluegrass 1% 18 Trisetum sp. 1% 18 Veratrum sp. corn lily 1% 17 Astragalus umbraticus Bald Mountain milk-vetch 1% 17 Delphinium trolliifolium cow poison 1% 17 Listera convallarioides broad-leaved twayblade 1% 17 Symphyotrichum chilensis (aster) common California aster 1% 16 Brassica rapa field mustard 1% 16 Cirsium occidentale western thistle 1% 16 Lemna sp. duckweed 1% 16 Lonicera ciliosa honeysuckle 1% 16 Oxalis suksdorfii Suksdorf’s wood-sorrel 1% 16 Pyrola sp. wintergreen 1% 16 Rumex sp.

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 47

1% 16 Sedum spathulifolium Pacific sedum 1% 16 Senecio triangularis 1% 16 Thermopsis robusta robust false-lupine 1% 16 Trillium albidum sessile, green-stamened trillium 1% 15 Aconitum columbianum monkshood 1% 15 Adiantum jordanii California maiden-hair fern 1% 15 Avena fatua wild oat 1% 15 Brassica sp. 1% 15 Eriogonum sp. wild buckwheat 1% 15 Fragaria sp. strawberry 1% 15 Lilium pardalinum ssp. pardalinum leopard lily 1% 15 Rumex obtusifolius bitter dock 1% 15 Stachys chamissonis Chamisso’s hedge nettle 1% 14 Cardamine angulata seaside bittercress 1% 14 Centaurium sp. Centaury 1% 14 Deinandra corymbosa coast tarweed 1% 14 Erythronium sp. Fawn lily 1% 14 Poa bulbosa bulbous bluegrass 1% 14 Sarcodes sanguinea Snow plant 1% 14 Silybum marianum milk thistle 1% 14 Trifolium pratense red clover 1% 14 Vicia sativa ssp. nigra narrow-leaved vetch 1% 13 Carex globosa round-fruited sedge 1% 13 Clarkia sp. clarkia 1% 13 Deschampsia cespitosa ssp. cespitosa tufted hair-grass red-stemmed filaree; common stork's- 1% 13 Erodium cicutarium bill 1% 13 Gilia sp. gilia 1% 13 Hordeum sp. wild barley 1% 13 Lathyrus polyphyllus leafy pea 1% 13 Madia gracilis slender tarweed 1% 13 Madia sativa coast tarweed 1% 13 Myosotis latifolia forget-me-not 1% 13 Oxalis sp. sorrel 1% 13 Phalaris sp. canary grass 1% 13 Platanthera sp. bog orchid 1% 13 Pyrola asarifolia bog wintergreen 1% 13 Senecio vulgaris common butterweed 1% 13 Verbascum thapsus woolly mullein 1% 12 Agrostis exarata western bent grass 1% 12 Caltha leptosepala marsh marigold 1% 12 Galium californicum California bedstraw 1% 12 Lupinus elmeri South Fork Mtn lupine

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 48

1% 12 Medicago polymorpha bur clover 1% 12 Melilotus sp. sweetclover 1% 12 Phleum pratense cultivated Timothy 1% 12 Piperia candida white-flowered piperia 1% 12 Platanthera stricta Bog orchid 1% 12 Prunella vulgaris var. lanceolata self-heal (native) 1% 11 Aira praecox narrow European hairgrass 1% 11 Avena sativa cultivated oat 1% 11 Camassia quamash ssp. quamash common camas 1% 11 Claytonia rubra redstem spring beauty 1% 11 Collomia sp. collomia 1% 11 Eriophyllum lanatum woolly sunflower 1% 11 Festuca rubra red fescue 1% 11 Festuca subulata bearded fescue 1% 11 Foeniculum vulgare fennel 1% 11 Glyceria occidentalis western mannagrass 1% 11 Hemizonella minima hemizonella 1% 11 Listera sp. twayblade 1% 11 Lupinus nanus sky lupine 1% 11 Nemophila heterophylla variable leaf nemophila 1% 11 Plagiobothrys sp. popcorn flower 1% 11 Ranunculus sardous hairy buttercup 1% 11 Raphanus sativus wild radish 1% 11 Trillium angustipetalum narrowpetal wakerobin 1% 11 Vicia sativa ssp. sativa common vetch; spring vetch 1% 10 Achnatherum lemonii lemon needlegrass 1% 10 Achnatherum sp. needlegrass 1% 10 Aspidotis densa Indian's dream 1% 10 Brodiaea elegans 1% 10 Calandrinia cilata red maids 1% 10 Campanula sp. campanula 1% 10 Carex multicostata many-ribbed sedge 1% 10 Carex tumulicola foothill sedge 1% 10 Crocosmia xcrocosmiiflora crocosmia 1% 10 Delphinium nudicaule canyon delphinium 1% 10 Deschampsia danthoides Annual Hairgrass 1% 10 Dryopteris sp. wood fern 1% 10 Erysimum sp. wallflower 1% 10 Isolepis cernua low club-rush 1% 10 Leptoshiphon bicolor baby stars 1% 10 Melissa officinalis lemon balm 1% 10 Myosotis sp forget-me-not 1% 10 Plantago sp. Plantago

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 49

1% 10 Silene sp. catchfly; campion 1% 10 Spiranthes romanzoffiana lady’s tresses 1% 10 Thelypteris nevadensis Sierra marsh fern 1% 10 Ulex europaeus gorse 1% 10 Veratrum californicum var. californicum corn lily 1% 10 Vicia hirsuta hairy vetch 1% 9 Cardamine sp. bitter-cress 1% 9 Carex amplifolia bigleaf sedge 1% 9 Carex aquatilis water sedge 1% 9 Cryptantha/Plagiobothyrs sp. 1% 9 Danthonia sp. oat grass 1% 9 Dipsacus sativus Fuller's teasel 1% 9 Eleocharis sp. spike-rush 1% 9 Kopsiopsis (Boschniakia) hookeri small groundcone 1% 9 Lathyrus/Vicia sp. 1% 9 Penstemon rattanii var. rattanii gray beardtongue 1% 9 Ribes divaricatum struggly gooseberry 1% 9 Sanicula bipinnata poison sanicle 1% 9 Sidalcea malviflora ssp. asprella harsh sidalcea 1% 9 Solanum sp. nightshade 1% 9 Stellaria borealis ssp. sitchana northern starwort 1% 9 Trifolium subterraneum subterranean clover 1% 9 Triteleia laxa Ithuriel’s spear 1% 9 Vicia gigantea giant vetch 1% 9 Viola sheltonii Shelton's violet 1% 8 Agrostis stolonifera creeping bent 1% 8 Alopecurus geniculatus water foxtail 1% 8 Bensoniella oregona Benson’s saxifrage; bensoniella 1% 8 Cornus canadensis bunchberry 1% 8 Elymus glaucus ssp. glaucus blue wildrye 1% 8 Epilobium brachycarpum parched fireweed 1% 8 Eriodictyon californicum yerba santa 1% 8 Hordeum jubatum foxtail barley 1% 8 Juncus xiphioides iris leaf rush 1% 8 Lupinus albifrons silver lupine 1% 8 Medicago sp. bur clover 1% 8 Melilotus officinalis yellow sweet clover 1% 8 Plectritis congesta subsp. Brachystemon pink plectritis 1% 8 Romanzoffia californica Romanzoffia 1% 8 Triteleia hyacinthina white hyacinth 1% 8 Vinca major greater periwinkle 1% 7 Allium triquetrum ornamental onion 1% 7 Arrhenatherum elatius tall oatgrass

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 50

1% 7 Bromus laevipes woodland brome grass 1% 7 Bromus tectorum cheat grass 1% 7 Cardamine hirsuta bitter-cress 1% 7 Carex subfusca rusty sedge 1% 7 Cheilanthes gracillima lip fern 1% 7 Clintonia sp. Clintonia 1% 7 Collinsia sp. collinsia 1% 7 Convolvulus arvensis field bindweed 1% 7 Isolepis setacea annual bulrush 1% 7 Lathyrus latifolius everlasting pea 1% 7 Lupinus latifolius broad-leaved lupine 1% 7 Orthilia secunda one-sided wintergreen 1% 7 Packera bolanderi var. bolanderi seacoast ragwort 1% 7 Senecio integerrimus var. major butterweed 1% 7 Sidalcea sp. checkerbloom 1% 7 Triticum sp. wheat grass 1% 7 Viola purpurea ssp. quercetorum mountain violet 0% 6 Anthemis cotula mayweed 0% 6 Carex echinata star sedge 0% 6 Carex rossii Ross’ sedge 0% 6 Claytonia sp. 0% 6 Convolvulus sp. morning -glory 0% 6 Geranium robertianum Robert’s geranium 0% 6 Gilia capitata ssp. pacifica Pacific gilia 0% 6 Juncus occidentalis Western rush 0% 6 Madia madioides woodland madia 0% 6 Mimulus alsinoides chickweed monkey flower 0% 6 Polygonum sp. knotweed 0% 6 Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum weedy cudweed 0% 6 Sagina procumbens pearlwort 0% 6 Saxifraga sp. 0% 6 Silene gallica windmill pink or common catchfly 0% 6 Trientalis latifolia Pacific star flower 0% 6 Triteleia bridgesii Tritelia 0% 6 Triticum aestivum wheat 0% 5 Acmispon grandiflorus large-flowered lotus 0% 5 Anthemis arvensis field chamomile 0% 5 Anthoxanthum nitens subsp. Nitens vanilla-grass 0% 5 Calochortus elegans cat's ear 0% 5 Calyptridium umbellatum pussy paws 0% 5 Carex arcta northern clustered sedge 0% 5 Carex deweyana ssp. leptopoda short-scaled sedge 0% 5 Carex vesicaria blister sedge

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 51

0% 5 Clarkia purpurea ssp. quadrivulnera four-spot 0% 5 Epilobium minutum minute willow herb 0% 5 Fragaria chiloensis beach strawberry 0% 5 Lamium purpureum red henbit 0% 5 Lilium kelloggii Kellogg’s lily 0% 5 Lotus aboriginus rose-flowered lotus 0% 5 Montia diffusa diffuse montia 0% 5 Nemophila pedunculata meadow nemophila 0% 5 Nuphar lutea ssp. polysepala pond-lily 0% 5 Pectiantia pentandra Five-stemmed mitrewort 0% 5 Penstemon anguineus Siskiyou penstemon 0% 5 Phleum alpinum Mountain phleum 0% 5 Phleum sp. 0% 5 Plectritis sp. plectritis 0% 5 Poa trivialis rough bluegrass 0% 5 Pseudotrillium rivale brook wake robin flamulated buttercup; creeping 0% 5 Ranunculus flammula spearwort 0% 5 Sanicula bipinnatifida purple sanicle 0% 5 Spergula arvensis ssp. arvensis stickwort 0% 5 Triantha occidentalis supsp. Occidentalis western tofieldia 0% 5 Trifolium variegatum white-tipped clover 0% 4 Acaena novae-zelandiae biddy-biddy 0% 4 Alopecurus pratensis meadow foxtail 0% 4 Angelica genuflexa kneeling angelica 0% 4 Aquilegia sp. columbine 0% 4 Arnica discoidea rayless arnica 0% 4 Artemesia sp. mugwort/tarragon/wormwood 0% 4 Blechnum spicant deer fern 0% 4 Botrychium sp. grape fern 0% 4 Castilleja sp. Indian paintbrush 0% 4 Eriogonum nudum naked-stemmed buckwheat 0% 4 Festuca idahoensis Idahoe fescue 0% 4 Fritillaria sp. Fritillaria 0% 4 Hydrophyllum occidentale western waterleaf 0% 4 Iris innominata Del Norte County iris 0% 4 Leptosiphon sp. linanthus 0% 4 Lolium multiflorum Italian ryegrass 0% 4 Lotus micranthus rose-flowered lotus 0% 4 Mitella sp. mitrewort 0% 4 Narcissus sp. domestic daffodil 0% 4 Nemophila menziesii var. atomaria white-flowered baby blue-eyes 0% 4 Oxalis pes-carpae Bermuda buttercup

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 52

0% 4 Perideridia sp. yampa 0% 4 Phacelia californica California phacelia 0% 4 Phalaris californica California canary grass 0% 4 Piperia elongata Denseflower rein orchid 0% 4 Polypogon interruptus ditch rabbitfood grass 0% 4 Rupertia physodes forest scurf pea or California tea 0% 4 Sisyrinchium douglasii Douglas’ yellow-eyed-grass 0% 4 Stachys bergii var. quercetorum rigid hedge nettle 0% 4 Thalictrum fendleri var. polycarpum meadow rue 0% 4 Toxicoscordion fremontii fremont’s death camas 0% 4 Trifolium willdenovii tomcat clover 0% 4 Vicia benghalensis purple vetch 0% 4 Viola praemorsa canary violet 0% 3 Adiantum sp. 0% 3 Alopecurus saccatus Pacific foxtail 0% 3 Asarum hartweggii Hartwegg's ginger 0% 3 Calamagrostis nutkaensis Pacific reed grass 0% 3 Calochortus amabilis Diogenes' lantern 0% 3 Carex leptalea bristle-stalked sedge 0% 3 Cheilanthes sp. Lip fern 0% 3 Clarkia amoena farewell-to-spring 0% 3 Darlingtonia californica California pitcher plant 0% 3 Darmera peltata Indian rhubarb 0% 3 Dichelostemma congestum ookow 0% 3 Disporum hookeri (new Prosartes hookeri) Hooker’s fairy bells 0% 3 Disporum smithii (new Prosartes smithii) Smith’s fairy bells 0% 3 Erigeron sp. fleabane daisy 0% 3 Erythronium oregonum Oregon fawn lily 0% 3 Euphorbia sp. spurge 0% 3 Gilia capitata blue field gilia 0% 3 Gnaphalium canescens ssp. beneolens white cudweed 0% 3 Hierochloe occidentalis vanilla grass 0% 3 Hypochaeris sp. cat's ear 0% 3 Kopsiopsis (Boschniakia) hookeri (unconfirmed) small groundcone 0% 3 Leptosiphon parviflorus small-flowered linanthus 0% 3 Lilium rubescens redwood lily 0% 3 Limnanthes douglasii Douglas’ meadowfoam 0% 3 Lomatium howellii Howell's lomatium 0% 3 Lotus angustissimus annual birdfoot trefoil 0% 3 Lupinus albicaulis sickle-keeled lupine 0% 3 Madia exigua small tarweed or threadstem madia 0% 3 Maianthemum stellatum star Solomon's seal 0% 3 Najas flexilis slender water-nymph

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 53

0% 3 Pedicularis densiflora Indian warrior 0% 3 Phacelia heterophylla var. virgata varied-leaf phacelia 0% 3 Piperia unalascensis Alaska rein orchid 0% 3 Pseudognaphalium californicum California cudweed 0% 3 Pseudognaphalium ramosissimum pink everlasting 0% 3 Rorippa sp. cress 0% 3 Sanguisorba officinalis great burnet 0% 3 Sanicula arctopoides footsteps of spring 0% 3 Sidalcea malviflora ssp. patula Siskiyou checkerbloom 0% 3 Solidago sp. goldenrod 0% 3 Thermopsis sp. false lupine 0% 3 Trientalis europaea Arctic starflower 0% 2 Abronia umbellata ssp. breviflora pink sand-verbena 0% 2 Aphanes occidentalis dew drops 0% 2 Arnica sp. 0% 2 Asarum marmoratum marbled wild-ginger 0% 2 Bistorta bistortoides western bistort 0% 2 Brodiaea coronaria ssp. coronaria harvest brodiaea 0% 2 Bromus catharticus var. elatus Chilean brome 0% 2 Calochortus sp. cat's ear 0% 2 Calyptridium monospermum Pussypaws 0% 2 Calyptridium sp. pussy paws 0% 2 Calystegia occidentalis chaparral false bindweed 0% 2 Ceanothus pumilus Siskiyou mat 0% 2 Centaurea cyanus bachelor's button 0% 2 Chimaphila sp. 0% 2 Cryptantha intermedia common cryptantha 0% 2 Cuscuta sp. dodder 0% 2 Cypripedium fasciculatum lady slipper 0% 2 Cystopteris fragilis fragile fern 0% 2 Daucus pusillus rattlesnake weed 0% 2 Eleocharis macrostachya creeping spike-rush 0% 2 Eleocharis pachycarpa black sand spike-rush 0% 2 Erechtites minima toothed coast fireweed 0% 2 Eriogonum nudum var. oblongifolium naked or oblong leaved buckwheat 0% 2 Erodium brachycarpum long-beaked filaree 0% 2 Erythronium grandiflorum Glacier Lily 0% 2 Erythronium howellii Howell's fawn lily 0% 2 Erythronium oregonum ssp. leucandrum giant white fawn lily 0% 2 Eurybia radulina (Aster radulinus) broad-leaved aster 0% 2 Galium parisiense wall bedstraw 0% 2 Gentiana sceptrum king's scepter 0% 2 Gilia capitata ssp. capitata pacific gilia

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 54

0% 2 Glyceria striata Fowl mannagrass 0% 2 Hemizonia congesta ssp. luzulaefolia Hayfield tarweed 0% 2 Hosackia gracilis bicolored or seaside lotus 0% 2 Hosackia pinnata Lotus 0% 2 Iliamna latibracteata California globe mallow 0% 2 Iris bracteata Siskiyou iris 0% 2 Isopyrum stipitatum (new genus Enemion) Siskiyou rue-anemone 0% 2 Kopsiopsis (Boschniakia) strobilacea California ground-cone 0% 2 Lathyrus cicera pea 0% 2 Lathyrus glandulosus sticky pea 0% 2 Lathyrus palustris marsh pea 0% 2 Lilium bolanderi Bolander's lily 0% 2 Luzula divaricata forked wood rush 0% 2 Luzula subcongesta 0% 2 Maianthemum racemosum branched Solomon's seal 0% 2 Melica hartfordii Hartford’s melica 0% 2 Mimulus cardinalis scarlet monkey flower 0% 2 Modiola caroliniana wheel mallow 0% 2 Orthocarpus cuspidatus broad-scaled orthocarpus 0% 2 Piperia elegans elegant piperia 0% 2 Prosartes parvifolia Siskiyou bells 0% 2 Pyrola asarifiolia ssp. bracteata wintergreen 0% 2 Ranunculus muricatus prickly-fruit buttercup 0% 2 Romanzoffia sitchensis Sitka romanzoffia 0% 2 Sidalcea oregana ssp. eximia coast checkerbloom 0% 2 Silene campanulata catchfly 0% 2 Sisyrinchium californicum golden-eyed grass 0% 2 Sisyrinchium idahoense Idaho blue-eyed grass 0% 2 Streptanthus sp. jewel flower 0% 2 Thalictrum fendleri var. fendleri meadow rue 0% 2 Triphysaria sp. Triphysaria 0% 2 Triphysaria versicolor yellow owl's clover 0% 2 Triteleia sp. 0% 2 Tropaeolum majus Nasturtium 0% 2 Verbena lasiostachys western verbena 0% 2 Viola ocellata two-eyed violet or western heart’s ease 0% 1 Acmispon brachycarpus hill lotus 0% 1 Agoseris grandiflora large-flowered agoseris 0% 1 Agrostis hallii Hall’s bent grass 0% 1 Allium falcifolium scytheleaf onion 0% 1 Allium validum Onion 0% 1 Alopecurus sp. foxtail 0% 1 Azolla sp. mosquito fern

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 55

0% 1 Calamagrostis sp. reed grass 0% 1 Calystegia sp. morning glory 0% 1 Camissonia sp. sun cup 0% 1 Campanula prenanthoides California harebell 0% 1 Carduus pycnocephalus Italian thistle 0% 1 Carex brainerdii Brainerd's sedge 0% 1 Carex fracta fragile-sheathed sedge 0% 1 Carex leporina Tracy’s sedge 0% 1 Carex luzulina woodrush sedge 0% 1 Carex praticola meadow sedge 0% 1 Carex subbracteata smallbract sedge 0% 1 Castilleja gleasoni frosted paintbrush 0% 1 Centaurea solstitialis yellow starthistle Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos (old 0% 1 maculosa) spotted knapweed 0% 1 Cirsium brevistylum Indian thistle 0% 1 Cirsium occidentale var. candidissimum snowy thistle 0% 1 Cirsium occidentale var. venustum venus thistle 0% 1 Clarkia affinis clarkia 0% 1 Clarkia amoena ssp. huntiana farewell-to-spring 0% 1 Collinsia parviflora blue-eyed Mary 0% 1 Collinsia sparsiflora spinster’s blue-eyed Mary 0% 1 Collomia linearis narrow leaved collomia 0% 1 Cotula sp. brass buttons 0% 1 Crepis sp. hawksbeard 0% 1 Cypripedium californicum California lady's-slipper 0% 1 Cypripedium montanum mountain lady's slipper 0% 1 Delphinium decorum ssp. tracyi coastal larkspur 0% 1 Dulichium arundinaceum three-way sedge 0% 1 Elymus trachycaulus slender wheatgrass Epilobium angustifolium (new Chamerion 0% 1 angustifolium) red fireweed 0% 1 Epipactis sp. Stream orchid 0% 1 Erigeron aliceae Alice's fleabane 0% 1 Erigeron maniopotamicus Mad River fleabane daisy 0% 1 Erythronium citrinum var. citrinum lemon-colored fawn lily 0% 1 Festuca myuros Rattail sixweeks grass 0% 1 Gastridium phleoides Nit grass 0% 1 Gayophytum diffusum var. parviflorum spreading groundsmoke 0% 1 Geranium carolinianum Carolina geranium 0% 1 Glyceria grandis American mannagrass 0% 1 Hackelia sp. stickseed 0% 1 Helenium bigelovii Bigelow’s sneezeweed

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 56

0% 1 Helianthemum scoparium dwarf rock-rose 0% 1 Hordeum marinum ssp. gussoneanum Mediterranean barley 0% 1 Hordeum pusillum little barley 0% 1 Iris tenax ssp. klamathensis Oregon iris 0% 1 Iris thompsonii Thompson's iris 0% 1 Isatis tinctoria woad 0% 1 Juncus effusus ssp. pacificus Pacific rush 0% 1 Juncus lescurii 0% 1 Juncus nevadensis var. inventus Sierra rush 0% 1 Keckiella corymbosa redwood keckiella 0% 1 Kelloggia galioides milk kelloggia 0% 1 Lathyrus brownii brush pea 0% 1 Lathyrus nevadensis var. nevadensis 0% 1 Lepidium didymum lesser wart-cress 0% 1 Leptosiphon androsaceus false baby stars 0% 1 Lewisia nevadensis nevada lewisia 0% 1 Lewisia pygmaea pygmy bitterroot 0% 1 Ligusticum californicum California licorice root 0% 1 Linaria genistifolia ssp. dalmatica Dalmation toadflax 0% 1 Lotus crassifoloius big deervetch 0% 1 Lupinus latifolius var. viridifolius broad leaved lupine 0% 1 Madia minima hemizonella 0% 1 Medicago arabica spotted bur clover 0% 1 Micranthes marshallii Marshall's saxifrage 0% 1 Minuartia douglasii Douglas' sandwort 0% 1 Monardella odoratissima ssp. pallida pallid mountain monardella 0% 1 Monardella sheltonii Shelton's coyote mint 0% 1 Monardella villosa ssp. villosa coyote mint 0% 1 Myosotis discolor yellow and blue scorpion grass 0% 1 Narthecium californicum bog asphodel 0% 1 Osmorhiza berteroi mountain sweet-cicely 0% 1 Oxalis corniculata yellow or creeping wood-sorrel 0% 1 Parentucellia sp. 0% 1 Pellaea andromedifolia Coffee cliffbrake 0% 1 Penstemon laetus var. sagittatus mountain penstemon 0% 1 Penstemon newberryi 0% 1 Piperia candida (unconfirmed) white -flowered piperia 0% 1 Platanthera dilatata var. leucostachys white bog orchid 0% 1 Plectritis congesta sea blush 0% 1 Poa palustris fowl bluegrass 0% 1 Polygonum aviculare subsp. Depressum common knotweed 0% 1 Potamogeton amplifolius broad-leaved pondweed 0% 1 Pseudognaphalium stramineum cottonbatting plant

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 57

0% 1 Pterospora andromedea pine drops 0% 1 Sagina apetala dwarf pearlwort 0% 1 Sanguisorba minor garden burnet 0% 1 Sanicula tuberosa turkey pea 0% 1 Scirpus congdonii Congdon's bulrush 0% 1 Sedum laxum stone crop 0% 1 Sedum radiatum star-fruited stonecrop 0% 1 Taeniatherum caput medusea medusah head 0% 1 Thermopsis californica California false lupine 0% 1 Tolmiea diplomenziesii youth-on-age; pig-a-back plant 0% 1 Torreyochloa sp. 0% 1 Turritis glabra tower mustard 0% 1 Vancouveria chrysantha Siskiyou inside-out flower 0% 1 Veratrum insolitum Siskiyou false hellebore 0% 1 Vicia cracca cow vetch 0% 1 Viola hallii Hall's violet 0% 1 Viola macloskeyi small white violet 0% 1 Wyethia angustifolia narrow-leaf mule ear

%Occ. Count LICHENS/BRYOPHYTES 3% 32 Dolichousnea longissima long -beard lichen 0% 1 Lobaria pulmonaria Lungwort

WORK CITED California Department of Fish and Game. 2009. Protocols for surveying and evaluating impacts to special status native plant populations and natural communities. California Natural Resources Agency, Sacramento. http://www.dfg.ca.gov/biogeodata/cnddb/pdfs/protocols_for_surveying_and_evaluating_impacts.pdf

California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB) RareFind5 and Bios QuickView Tool. 2017. [Internet]. California Department of Fish and Wildlife [Commercial Version].

Coulloudon, B., K. Eshelman, J. Gianola, N. Habich, L. Hughes, C. Johnson, M. Pellant, P. Podborny, A. Rassmussen, B. Robles, P. Shaver, J. Spehar, J. Willoughby. Technical Reference 1734-4. 1999. Sampling Vegetation Attributes. Cooperative Extension Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Department of the Interior. https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/stelprdb1044175.pdf

Sholars, Teresa and Golec, Clare. 2007. Rare Plants of the Redwood Forest and Forest Management Effects. USDA Forest Service Technical Report PSW-GTR-194.

Renner, M.A., J. Regan, M. Colosio. 2012. Response of Montia howellii (Howell’s montia) to road management in California coastal timberlands. In Proceedings of coast redwood forests in a changing California: A symposium for scientists and managers. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-238. Albany, CA: Pacific Southwest Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/documents/psw_gtr238/psw_gtr238_303.pdf

Year End Report for the 2018 Botanical Survey Season 58