Marchlapril 1989 Volume 16, Number 1

MarchlApril 1989 Volume 16, Number 1

~NT?NATIONAL STE%REOIP i8 i 1. STEREOSCOPIC ASSOCIATION r* a* 4 d@d Commendation to Tex Treadwell Upon his Retirement as President of the National Stereoscopic Association after Nearly Nine Eays of Dedicated Semice. 1- . --,*.- "-. -"+ L1"41 ex was appointed President and T member of the NSA Board of Directors at the National Conven- tion in Canton, Ohio, Aug. 1980. Since then he has guided and directed the organization to unprecedent- ed growth, more than doubling its membership from a little over 1000 to some 2400 members today. Tex has shown extraordinary devotion to the NSA during his long tenure as President. He has been responsive to the needs of the Association, and to the wishes of the members as the trend has swung more towards active participation in modem 3-D. He Tex Treadwell makes yet another contribution via an antique coin operated viewer during a has unselfishly shared his great 1987 visit to the Holmes Library. knowledge in the collecting field through his own publications. First and foremost Tex worked to extensive stereo exhibits and au- topics, handling the procurement place the NSA on a firm financial dio/visual presentations. and distribution of the books him- basis, carefully controlling expendi- Many new programs were estab- self (which he proposes to continue). tures and building income through lished by Tex including publication When the opportunity surfaced to substantial donations both in size grants to further research on articles acquire a substantial stereograph and numbers (over $6,300 from 247 for Stereo World; encouraging more collection, Tex acted swiftly and members this last year). He per- volunteers to get involved in running positively, meeting with the estate sonally provided considerable finan- the NSA; membership donations be- executor and providing all the neces- cial support initially to place the yond annual dues for which he per- sary information and assurance for NSA in a solvent position and has sonally prepared acknowledgement its proper care and safe-keeping. continued this aid to develop new certificates to each donor; annual Thus the Helen D. Mosley collection programs. His has been a hands-on recognition and service awards for: of fifteen thousand views was do- management style, observing and Fellow of the Year, Meritorious nated to the NSA's Oliver Wendell assessing most every detail of the Service, Edward B. Berkowitz award Holmes Stereoscopic Research Li- operation. for best article in Stereo World, brary at Eastern College, Pennsylva- Tex has provided encouragement Memorial award for best article nia. Subsequently he obtained a and support for the outstanding bi- dealing with a current stereo sub- grant for a computer and a file sys- monthly magazine Stereo World, ject, Generous Financial Support of tem for the library and an additional which has grown under his tenure in the NSA and a special Distinguished grant for further support of the quality, size and circulation. It has Support award. library. become known around the world The reprinting and distribution of His initiative, drive and enthu- and is certainly one of the finest publishers' and photographers' siasm as President will be greatly photographic magazines anywhere. stereoview catalogs has been active- missed, but the NSA is fortunate to Under Tex's leadership the annual ly pursued by Tex and he has in- have Tex continue as a member of national conventions have troduced the publication of the Board of Directors. flourished, moving to a different stereograph back lists. In addition We wish him well in all his en- city each year, alternating between he has established the important deavors. west coast, midwest and east coast. NSA Book Senrice to conveniently Louis H. Smaus They are now considered the largest provide to members numerous pub- Chairman, Board of image trade fairs in the country as lications on stereo photography and Directors, for the officers well as providing outstanding and a wide range of related photographic and members of the NSAm Copyright 01989 by the STEREO-3 NATIONAL STEREOSCOPIC ASSOCIATION

Volume 16, Number 1 IN THIS ISSUE MarchIApril 1989 Havana Glen: The Forgotten Natural Wonder...... 4 by Donald K. Weberand Brandt Rowles 3-D at Photokina - for Specialists Only?...... 12 NSA Board of Directors by Dieter Lorenz, translated by Richard Mills CHAIRMAN Louis H. Smaus The Quagga: An Extinct Animal Stereographed from Life ...... 16 MEMBERS by Richard C. Ryder Paul Wing Jacob Berg of Grand Forks, D.T.: Stereographs of T.K. Treadwell Susan Pinsky the Flood of April 1882 ...... 22 Dieter Lorenz by Bruce Hooper Post Crypt: More on Stereo Cemetary Photography ...... 26 NSA Officers by Laurance Wolfe PRESIDENT T.K. Treadwell Shoshone Falls: The Niagara of the West...... 30 SECRETARY by Bruce Hooper John Weiler Hyperstereo: A Solution to Modern Aviation Problems?. 36 TREASURER ...... William Eloe by Bill Copeland VICE PRESIDENT, REGIONAL AFFAIRS Tom Rogers GENERAL BUSINESS MANAGER REGULAR FEATURES Linda S. Carter

Stereo World Staff Letters ...... 3 EDITOR Thesociety ...... 19 John Dennis ART DIRECTOR Newviews ...... 20 Mark Willke Theunknowns ...... 33 Classified ...... 38 Calendar 40 Stereo World is published bimonthly by the National ...... Stereoscooic Association. Inc. Annual dues: $22 third class US. %30f,rstclass US. Canaaa, ana fore~gnsurface. $40 lnternatlonal alr mall All memoersnlps are based on tnr pubalshlnq year of Stereo morld wnlcn beqlns In March an0 ends wlththe January~Febr~aryISSLPO~ the next year All new rnembersnops receqved wlll commence w tn tne MarcnlAprll Issueof the current calendar year Whenapplyingfor membership, pleaseadvlseus if you do not desire the back issues of the current volume. Material In this publlcat~onmay not be reproduced without written perm~ssionof the NSA. Inc.

National Stereoscopic Association (Memberships, renewals, address changes, classified ads, display ads) Box 14801, Columbus, OH 43214 Stereo World Editorial Office (Letters to the editor, articles) 5610 SE 71st Ave., Portland, OR 97206 "Newviews" Editor David Starkman P.O. Box 2368, Culver City, CA 90231 "The Unknowns" Editor Dave Klein 14416 Harrisville Rd., Mt. Airy, MD 21771 "3-D Movies" Editor Bill Shepard Front Cover: 17350 E. Temple Ave., #399 LaPuente, CA 91744 Jim Morrison in stone, surrounded by Stereoscopic Society, American Br. the gifts and words of fans in the famous Pere Lachaise Cemetary in Paris. From Jack E. Cavender, Corresponding Secretary 1677 Dorsey Ave., Suite C the feature on page 26 by Laurance East Point, GA 30344 Wolfe (a sequel to his Jan./Feb. '87 article on tombstone stereos) this one titled 15 Years had remained just a club for stereo of holography and computer stereo. he NSA and Stereo World are collectors. Basically, during the life We have seen a diversification of in- T now 15 years old, and continue of the NSA, the attics have been terests, as people who were original- to grow with much of the energy emptied of old views; the days when ly interested only in vintage views, and some of the same confused self- one could pick up a bushel of stereos for example, have broadened out consciousness of any teen-ager. at any antique shop are long gone. into taking their own stereos." World-wide membership is now And as in any seller's market, prices This trend reported by Tex (based near 2400, and the reputation of the have gone up. A collector nowadays on responses to questions on renew- magazine places it near the top of has to be rich to put together a al and directory forms) is reflected most lists of photo-historical, collec- general collection of quality views. in the pages of Stereo World only in tor, or specialty publications, Due to this combination of shortage a general way, and even if con- whether commercial or non-profit. and expense, the number of mem- tinued, will probably result in more To repeat some lines from the bers interested solely in older views expansion of contemporary coverage editorial in the tenth anniversary is- has remained roughly constant for than reduction of historical material. sue; "We have reached this point the last ten years. Look at these In terms of both proposed and sub- only because so many people con- statistics: mitted articles, that seems to be the tributed their time, work, money, Year "Collectors" "Shooters" trend (so far) of the way members knowledge and creative talents to 1980 72 % 28 % are devoting their research and writ- various NSA projects during those 1984 64 % 36% ing efforts. The happy result, with a years. The work load on some in- 1987 58% 42 % growing membership, will be more dividuals has at times been tremen- 1989 48 % 52% of both types of material and an ex- dous - and their continuing efforts The NSA's growth has come in panded publication that continues to prove that like the three dimensional stereo fields other than vintage cover every aspect of stereo imag- images that involved us all in the views: taking stereo photographs; ing, past and present. first place, there is some special ele- collecting the more recent stereo Remember, you don't have to be a ment of depth to people's interest in materials such as View-Master; 3-D historian with a doctorate or a col- the goals of the NSA." books and TV; and the newest fields (Continued on page 29) Commenting on the growth of NSA membership and Stereo World, outgoing NSA president Tex Tread- Keystone No. 32741, "Mount Hood, Oregon, from an Airplane-Fairchild Aerial Sur- well reported some interesting statis- veys Inc." This aerial hyper of what (from a differentangle) would later become the tics in a recent letter. "It is also 1989 NSA Convention logo is the sort of image that could be seen as a live, moving abundantly clear that this growth video 3-0 image by airline passengers if the bit of speculation in the second part of the would not have occurred if the NSA Editor's View ever became reality. Planes approaching Portland from the east often pass Mt. Hood at about this distance and altitude.

ha..

2 STEREO WORLD MamhlApri! 1989

L Translation: crowds, it represented an element in the title appears directly over or un- 'm writing to say how much I en- Austria that already existed. An anti- der each of the two views. To relax I joy Stereo World. After years of Semitic display found in a church was one's eyes in order to fuse the two wondering about stereo and some probably seen as a piece of folk art that images of a stereo pair and then would help build the Nazi case WITH- have to switch back to normal view- attempts at 3-D on my own, all suc- OUT having to resort to their own crude cessful enough to lead me on, you messages. This was there waiting for ing to read the title is very discon- can imagine how delighted I was to them to exploit. certing to a user. This brings me to discover you people shared a like in- - Ed. the point of my letter: terest and had done so in more suc- I feel that the stereoscopic views cessful ways. Future To The Back? you publish would be greatly enhanced if the captions could be I free-view all the pairs in each is- You please change "List- sue with no trouble whatever, and I repeated for each view with ap- ing of Coming to " propriate spacing so that the text ap- like your mix of articles. of Past Events'' since the last 3 issues peared to be within valid stereo What prompted this letter is a I have received have all arrived after depth bounds. If you were to print caption in the "Anschluss!" article in the listed events have passed. the captions to stereoscopic pictures the May / June 1988 issue. In com- Douglas Johnston menting on the slide set, the caption stereoscopically, your readers, who, Phoenix, AZ indicates that the picture of the Jews after all are interested in stereo. in a church setting was puzzling. I Along with the obvious need to get is- could, by simply moving their eyes was puzzled, too, until I got hold of sues of Stereo World published closer to to the caption text, read it and re- a German-English dictionary and their calendar dates, the need continues turn smoothly to viewing the stereo roughly translated the title! for a volunteer to take responsibility for image. I am not conversant with German, the compilation and production of the Ross F. Housholder "Calendar" column. If anyone is in- Dhahran, Saudi Arabia but 30 years spent as an editor has terested, let us know! taught me where to look for puzzle - Ed. Properly placed stereo captions do go solutions. better with stereo images, but to use The caption on page 26 leaves no Stereo Captions them in the reproduction of vintage doubt that it is very serious anti- views would require that readers' eyes Semitic propaganda. It says rough- I am a recent member of the NSA skip down past the non-stereo existing ly: "Judaism in action, performing and have enjoyed Stereo World captions and boarders on the cards, to ritual murder in the Pilgrimage magazine very much. I had the for- fuse the Stereo World captions. In the Church." The charges of ritual mur- tune of receiving the color issue as case of contemporary stereograph der have been mounted against the my first one and was overwhelmed reproductions, the idea is more feasible Jews for centuries in the mistaken by the professional quality; it's hard and has been considered. Any lengthy captions, of course, would take up con- belief that they condemned Christ to to return to black and white after something like that, although, I siderable space - or would need to be death. set in rather small type. Then there's the This, however, is obviously fairly have been equally pleased with those articles and stereo views, as question of whether the caption should advanced propaganda in a campaign appear at the window or at the same that led, as you know, to wholesale well. plane as the main subject of the view. In slaughter of Jews and others in the I work in computer graphics here the end, time and space will be the limit- Death Camps. at ARAMCO and my job involves ing factors, although some articles could There is no puzzle. Nazis were making computer displays of all lend themselves more easily to the idea and are anti-Semitic and given to the kinds, including stereoscopic ones. I than others, and someday the tempta- most crude manners of expressing it. find that a terminal user feels better tion of such a logical concept may lead viewing a stereoscopic display when us into some deeper captions. . . The fact that it was included in the - Ed, m set was to show that all this sweet- ness and light was okay, but the party was busy at the old stand just as always. It also indicates that the Na- zis were unable to make a "nice" set Pel you co uld ev Perh of slides without a nasty shot at the people they hated. US ERE0 use Thanks for doing a great job. Sam Wetmore CAPTIONS t CAPTION Birmingham, Alabama EM EMPHi gs. My own guess is that the view was included in that "soft sell" Nazi propaganda set because, like the welcoming

STEREO WORLD March/April1989 3

and immediately south of New lowed average people easy access to way was dug along the remainder of L York's Seneca Lake is infiltrated excursions and travel over great dis- the glen. The other structures and by scenic streams, valleys and glens, tances. Advertising and low railroad paths required for safety and con- all remnants of the last ice age. fares made remote scenic areas such venience were added in later years. Several miles south of the Schuyler as Havana Glen interesting and Although its opening required con- County small town of Watkins Glen reachable. Alert entrepreneurs siderable expense, no admission fees and closer to the smaller town of opened up formerly remote and un- were charged. Montour Falls (formerly called traversible sylvan glens to accommo- The glen was first called McClure's Havana) lies beautiful and essential- date and profit from increasing Glen, after the stream that flowed ly pristine Havana Glen. numbers of travelers. In 1863, through it. It was alternately named People residing outside of New Moraldeva Ells opened Watkins Masonic Glen to commemorate the York State may be familiar with the Glen (then called Freers Glen). The members of the Masonic Lodge who name Watkins Glen because of its summer of 1867 witnessed the open- made it available to the public. Not annual Grand Prix automobile race. ing of Havana Glen. until the early 1870s was it primari- Millions of people also have visited Previously, anyone clambering ly called by its present name. the mid-town state park and scenic through Havana Glen would do so During the opening season, glen, which has been an enormously at sugtantial personal risk. Al- numerous picnics were held in the popular and well-photographed though the glen had been known amphitheatre area. The largest was tourist attraction for well over a since the time of the Indians. it on September 18,1867 - a Grand century. wasn't until the members of'the local Masonic Picnic and Festival. James The name Havana Glen is known Masonic Lodge, in an admirable G. Clark, a long-forgotten "poet- only to some Schulyer County surge of civic pride, pooled their ef- vocalist" attended and wrote, "A denizens, a few history buffs and forts to make the .,glen accessible. In person seeing this spot can never photographic history cognescenti. July of that summer, the sounds of forget it, and the sight is well worth Although the rise and fall of Havana carpentry were first heard in the a journey from Utica to Havana. Glen as a tourist attraction was tied glen. Fewer than four days of labor There were perhaps 5,000 persons closely with the development of were reauired to make the first sec- present at the Pic-nic - some say Watkins Glen, few contemporary vi- tion accessible. This included con- 10,000 and the majority of them ex- sitors to the cement-tiered and steel- struction of a sixty-foot oak plored the glen." railed walkways of Watkins Glen staircase up the side of Eagle Cliff Newspaper reviews were ecstatic, have any idea that an equally attrac- Falls and the building of approaches in the fustian prose of the day. "This tive but unspoiled glen exists only a to Curtain Cascade. Soon thereafter, romantic spot has just been opened few miles away. Today's Havana the Masons completed the Her- to visitors and is one of rare beauty," Glen is mostly inaccessible and un- culean chore of constructing a triple "In many respects we think it sur- visited. It was not always so. staircase through the central gorge passes the famous glen at Watkins," With the end of the Civil War, and a bridge above the stream just "Sublime, magnificent and Americans began to turn their in- above. This was the last structure challenges the admiration of the terests to more rustic, tranquil and completed in 1867; a simple path- world," " ... it is far ahead of any- pleasant pursuits such as tours of scenic wonders and "pic-nics." G.E Gates, No. 2., "Havana Glen Scenery, Crystal Rapids looking up." CA 1870. America's new system of railways al- (Sylvan Rapids.)

STEREO WORLD MarchlApril1989 5 G.E Gates, No. 4. "Eagle Fall from Rustic Bridge over Rapids." CA 1872. (Eagle Cliff Falls.) phers but also national firms such as Underwood and Underwood recorded its beauties. A guidebook with thing we have seen." amphitheatre, and Mr. Cass ran the Albertype photosYby the famous As its fame began to spread, na- glen itself. Mr. Cass once made the photographer Charles Bierstadt was tional publications wrote detailed incredible claim that "The Glen is published in 1875. Even epic poems descriptions of journeys through the the most unique, beautiful and were written, all proclaiming the glen. Scribner's avoided the usual remarkable gorge in the world. It is splendors of the glen. And the peo- comparisons with Watkins Glen by a stupendous picture, making the ple came. In 1881, nearly ten thou- stating " ... the two glens are not gorge rival the Grand Canyon, with sand people paid admission to the rivals, but complements, and the more water!" glen. In the same year, a race track sight of one heightens rather than Railroads serving the area pre- was built in the amphitheatre area to lessens the enjoyment of the other." pared pamphlets on it. Stereoviews attract even more visitors. By 1879, Havana Glen was ac- and cartes- de - visite were taken to Throughout the 1880s and 1890s quired by Col. E.W. Cook and Mr. be sold. Not only local photogra- Havana Glen seemed to be a never- E.M. Cass. Col. Cook ran the area below the glen, the grand entrance B. Rowles, 1984, "Eagle CliffFalls."

6 STEREO WORLD March/April1989 C.M. Manh, No. 5. "Eagle Cliff Falls." CA 1874 (With stairs.) ending source of revenue. However, in 1906, a seemingly unrelated event began the decline of Havana Glen as could no longer be kept in repair was sold to its present owner, the a tourist attraction. In that year, the and the glen became unsafe. town of Montour, in 1937. State of New York purchased In 1919, a local company pur- There have been occasional at- Watkins Glen and made it a state chased the glen and tried to revive tempts to make parts of the glen park. Gone was the $1.00 admission interest in it. The proximity of the viewable. Over a decade ago, a fee. Havana Glen, still in private free Watkins Glen caused failure of Havana Glen Corporation was hands, still charged admission. As a the venture. In 1928, a bill was in- formed. They cleaned up the am- matter of simple human nature, troduced to the New York State phitheatre area, repaired the pavil- people preferred the free attraction. Legislature to make Havana Glen a ions and built a permanent swim- Even with reduced admissions, state park, but because of outside in- ming area. They also made the first the decline of Havana Glen was rap- terests and the nearness to Watkins part of the glen, as far as Eagle Cliff id. The stairs, bridges and walkways Glen, the bill did not pass. The glen Falls, open to the public No attempt has been made to go further, and the majority of Havana Glen remains B. Rowles, 1981, "Eagle Cliff Falls." (Stain gone.) virtually inaccessible.

STEREO WORLD March/April1989 7 C.W. Woodward, No. 5. "Interior of Council House of the Senecas." CA 1879 (From Glen is on the eastern side of 'Artistic Series, Watkins O Havana Glens.") The the valley, and the general course of ascent is from east to west. After It is possible to reconstruct a trip quotations from various guide- purchasing our ticket at a small through the glen by the use of early books. booth we begin our trip up the glen. guidebooks and stereoviews. We can "We first enter the Grand Am- The entrance, with its wall of lime- turn back in time to when Havana hith heat re. which is a flat area of stone, is covered with a wealth of Glen was in its prime; the walkways, more than thirty acres in extent situ- mosses, lichens and ferns. Following staircases and bridges would be in- ated near the first gorge of the glen. the path and going towards the east, tact, and the glen would echo with Here we leave our carriage and make soon after entering the first gorge we human voices, all marvelling at the our exploration of the Glen on foot. come to Portal Cascade. natural wonders. I What follows is a compilation of ' B Rowles, 1982, "Interior of Council Chamber."

8 STEREO WORLD MarchIAprillQ89 "We cross the Sylvan Bridge and G.E Gates, "Curtain Cascade" CA 1870. pause for a moment to behold the foaming waters (Sylvan Rapids) be- tain their name from an old eagle's width. Standing on the bridge neath our feet. Here we notice the nest located on the opposite wall. which crosses it we have a fine view water-worn and rocky channel Ascending the long staircase up the of the rapids above. Following the which has taken ages for its comple- side of the falls we come to one of path we have a fine view of the tion. Although Portal Cascade is not the most spectacular formations in gorge. over 10 or 12 feet in height, still as the Glen - the Council Chamber. "Now we arrive at Curtain Cas- the beginning of a long series of "The facings of the rocky sides cade, which is considered one of the waterfalls it does not go unnoticed. are so evenly cut or worn as to give finest views in the Glen. Curtain "As we advance, we obtain a full- this wonderful natural chamber a Cascade is actually two waterfalls. er view of the large and spectacular singular artistic appearance. The The lower fall is about eight feet Eagle Cliff Falls. These falls, over fif- Council Chamber is sixty feet in high and appears in the form of an ty feet in height, are the highest in length and about twenty-five feet in apron or curtain. But, the name is the Glen. We are told that they ob- derived from curtain rock which is nearly hidden from view by the foli- B. Rowles, 1983, "CurtainCascade." age to the left.

STEREO WORLD MarchlApril1989 9 R.D. Crum, No. I., "Portal Cascade, Havana Glen." CA 1870. "Leaving this point we cross over the bridge which leads to the Central Gorge. A second bridge recrosses in the Hermit's Cave, situated twen- Glen. The charms of this unvretend- the stream and after following a ty feet above the bed of the stream. ing cascade are enhanced by\he short path we find ourselves gazing Here on the south bank, we ascend a beauty of its situation and svr- upon the wild and startling scenery short flight of stairs and go through roundings. Not far above it are of Central Gorge. a natural formation known as Cav- several singularly shaped pools - one "A pool named the Witches Caul- ern Tunnel. The Tunnel is about resembles a helmet, another an ar- dron is at the bottom of this spec- three feet wide, eight feet high and tist's pallet. Many varieties of moss tacular formation. To reach the top, perhaps twenty feet in length. are seen in all parts of the glen, but we must climb two long staircases, "To the east, after leaving the Tun- especially are notable in the forest each about fifty feet in length. These nel, we come to the Whispering grotto near this cascade. form the Jacob's Ladder of Havana Falls, so named from the gentle mur- "From this charming Cascade our Glen. The first crosses the gorge to- murings of the water over the rocky pathway leads along the northern wards the south to a landing half- bed as contrasted with the other bank of the ravine. Soon, we catch a way up the southern cliff, from Cascades. glimpse in the distance of Summit which the second extends to the top "Upon leaving those Falls we enter Falls which is twenty feet high with of the northern wall. From about the area known as Glen Chaos. Here a rounding face. Below the Falls we midway on the Ladder we obtain a we encounter a mass of fallen rocks pass the two rock formations view of the Bridal Veil waterfall. solidly imbedded in the stream bed. known as the Petrified Hats. This waterfall, some fifty feet in It is generally presumed that a great "Our iournev is now over. We height, sweeping gracefully over the rockslide occurred here centuries have walked o;er a mile and a quar- steeply inclined rock is a silvery ago. As we continue our ramble we shower when viewed in bright approach Echo Falls so named for sunlight. the double measured sound of the "Leaving Central Gorge we cross rumbling waters. Climbing over the ------Cavern Bridge. A short distance rocks, perhaps twelve feet in height, McCLURE'S, or MASONIC GLEN, from this bridge, on the north bank we enter an interesting area known XPVPN of the stream, we see a huge pillar of as the Glen of the Pools. Many ba- dr, pu 18tllrd fr wnrltlnrllt on I rocks nearly detached from the sins or wells of various sizes are main column. Here we see openings found here. Among these are two By rrv~.TOWL~L-I. ~vr.D.. or caves caused by the action of wa- circular ones known as the Rival ter years ago. Among those is one Pools. The next point of interest is John Towler's 'amateur Photographic known as the Indian Oven. We see Fairies Cascade. At its base is found Exchange Club" Label. Havana Glen, that it is several feet in height and a beautiful pool - the deepest in the CA 1867. over ten or twelve in length. Nearby

10 STEREO WORLD MarchlAnril1989 ter through one of the prettiest and G.E Gates, No. 10, "Hermit's George b]acob's Ladder, Havana Glen." CA 1882. most wonderful of Glens." What of the glen today? Schulyer as the Victorians did. You can even gle Cliff Falls. Here you are stopped County has taken over maintenance see a small part of the glen itself. by an enormous cliff of sheer rock. of the park below the entrance to the There is a reconstructed pathway We do not recommend that you at- glen. Here you can enjoy a "pic-nic" along Portal Cascade leading to Ea- tempt to see the rest of the glen as it is not only posted but also very dangerous. Producers of Stereoviews of Havana Glen, NY Recently, there has been a new interest in Havana Glen. A developer Producer Location Ca Categorv* from across the State planned to build three waterslides in it. Local .,. H. Besancon Pike, NY C. Bierstadt Niagara Falls, NY environmental advocates became Continent Stereoscopic Co. New York City upset at the prospect of the overload R.D. Crum Watkins, NY that this could put on the ground J. Esson Canada * '" W. Frear Ithaca, NY water, soils and ecology of the glen. G.F. Gates Watkins, NY A petition opposing such commer- " Griffith & Griffitl Chicago, IL cial exploitation indicated that many W.B. Holmes New York City local people considered that Havana J.D. Hope Watkins, NY G.M. Janes Batavia, NY Glen is "an irreplaceable natural re- W*V" % " J.F. Jawis Washington, D.C. source .. . " A classic environment Keystone Meadville, PA vs. commercial exploitation has " " "C.M. Marsh Havana, NY been fought and won. No water- ~. Mead & Beard Waverly, NY slides will be built. 7.W. & J.S. Moultc Salem, MA B. Palmer ? Perhaps Havana Glen will again G.W. Parker ^' ' irne, NY reopen. Presently, there are up- W.T. Purviance lphia, PA grades being made to the amphi- - C.W. Tallman ria, NY theatre and to the walkway and J. Towler beneva, NY Underwood & Unden - New York City stairs leading up to Eagle Cliff Falls. Union View Co. Rochester, NY It is very unlikely that the rest of the L.E. Walker Warsaw, NY glen will become safely available to C.W. Woodward Rochester, NY the public For the unopened parts "-" M.H. Zahner Niagara Falls, NY ' PH - photographer PU - publisher B -both U-unknown I (Continued on page 21) I

STEREO WORLD March/April1989 11 -* ,#wn m nN """ w" 1" .r *"u YIY I^ ".nlwm " "" 9.- .Tinsrlll in - - NSA Board member and Stereo World European correspondent Dieter Lorenz attended last year's annual Photokina photographic trade fair in Cologne, Germany, preparing the following report on the current state of stereo equipment in the world photographic 3-D at Photokina -

by Dieter Lorenz, translated by Richard Mills

pinions at the photokina were model is out. Its German distribu- gear drive, these cameras point in 0 quite divided. If you asked the tors (Scoptimax, Garbsen) even er- the same direction at a fixed separa- diehard 3-D enthusiasts among the roneouslv stated that it was no tion of 180 millimeters. This allows amateur photographers, you were longer being made, which neverthe- them to shoot 360 degree pano- told that the big breakthrough was less did not prevent them from in- ramas. Unfortunately the presenta- just ahead. But if you listened to the cluding the camera in their price tion was very lackluster. The picture industry representatives, they usual- lists! The industry specialists had examples, themselves less than ex- ly said, oh no, we're not doing any- been expecting a 35mm stereo cam- pressive, were hanging on an un- thing in that area. After all, there's era from Russia, but it did not make favorably situated side wall of the no demand for it. Just think of the it to Cologne. According to Soviet booth, and couldn't even be viewed quantities you'd have to sell to make representatives at the Technointorg stereoscopically. The exhibitors said production worthwhile. So who's booth, only test models have been the stereo viewers had been mis- right? We don't know, because you produced thus far, and they are cur- placed. can't get sales figures for products rently being evaluated in Russia. Beam-splitter attachments with that aren't being manufactured. But The first production models, sched- prisms or mirrors for camera lenses as in so many other areas, the truth uled for 1989, will be sold only in (with focal distances from 50 to 55 seems to lie somewhere between Russia. The Soviet Trade Organiza- mm on up) that subdivide 24 by 36 these two extremes. tion in Moscow will decide when the mm or larger formats into two ste- In any case, two mail-order busi- camera will be exported. reo views, remain available, as are nesses for 3-D products thought it An interesting refinement was to the required stereo viewers. Sources worth their while to attend photoki- be seen at the booth of the Swiss include Pentax, Stitz (whose stereo na 1988. The first was 3-D-Foto- firm Solecta: the combination of products, despite pronouncements World of Basel, with its large cata- two Roundshop 35 panorama to the contrary by the manufacturer logue of accessories. The second was cameras made by Seitz Phototechnik at the previous photokina, are still the firm Stereo-Optik Renate AG. (This type of panorama camera being made, although they weren't Grosch of Dietzenbach, which that revolves around a vertical axis exhibited here), and a new, low-cost shared a booth with Kindermann, at has been shown at several earlier version from Franka made in which they jointly announced a photokinas.) Turning by means of a Taiwan. small guide to 3-D photography. There was nary a stereo camera to be seen at Cologne this year, with the exception of a "3-D camera in Swiss cheese look" from 3-D-Foto- World, which, even if only a gag, was certainly original. Designed to look like a piece of Emmentaler cheese, it is a stereo camera obscura assembled from cardboard cutouts. (See Stereo World Sept. /Oct. '88, vaEe 31.) The ~ienchHectron, first introduced here in 1986, was nowhere The Novoflex slide bar. to be found, even though a new

12 STEREO WORLD March1Alrr;l lOBP for S~ecialistsOnlv?

The Franka beam-splitter attachment with adapter rings. projection materials are recom- mended for stereo projection. An example of the suitability of Along with its well known, mar- Genuine improvement has been Dawaco screens for stereo back ginally improved, and rather ex- made in the area of stereo projec- projection was a stereo video study travagant 35 mm stereo viewer tion. The device developed by Eck- by TC-Studios Fred Oed of Ludwigs- Stereofix-Macromax (with its four- hart Oehmichen, already described element lenses with 5x magnifica- as the best existing stereo projector, tion), Emo exhibited a new SLIDE- but previously made only by hand, BAR system, suitable both for side- is now being manufactured as the ways movement of cameras for ste- RBT 3-D Slide Projector 101. It is reo pictures and for placing two fully automatic, with its own cas- identical cameras next to each other. settes for the international stereo It is available in lengths up to 3 format 41 by 101mm (both views meters, with so-called carousels used are in a mount), for which special, to attach the cameras. glassless stereo slide mounts are Novoflex will soon be introducing available. Their use is supposed to a new, improved SLIDE BAR with a eliminate the "warping" that is 14 cm TRACK, which, like its pre- otherwise so common with glassless decessor, is suitable for stereo pho- mounts. tography. Similar devices, which Previously introduced stereo generally have smaller TRACKS, are models built from dissolve projec- also available from other firms (like tors, in which single views are Folding plastic print viewer for pairs Hama, for example), but without placed individually in 5 by 5 cm made with the Franka beam-splitter at- any indication that they can be used mounts, were also shown. One was tachment. for stereo photography. the Rolleivisioon 35-Stereo from

STEREO WORLD March/April1989 13 have been used. But this time commercial applications were the focal point, and not "pure" art, apparently because the market for them is more promising. There were holograms used in doors and windows, as wall tiles and restaurant tabletops, built into automobile bodies, and even as "clouds" on room ceilings. Peter Heips holographic fable with a genuine film hologram (and already in its third printing from Wittig-Fachbuchverlag) was used as an example of book illustration. The Photography Department of the Technical University of Cologne has also reduced its holographic efforts in the area of the fine arts. It has put technical uses more in the foreground, and has made particu- The RBT 3-0 projector, formerly the Oehmichen projector. (See Newviews, Nov./Dec. lar strides in the area of holographic '87, p. 34.) interferometry. Consequently, it exhibited only three holograms, one of which, however, was particularly burg. Four minutes long, it was This year, the photo measurement interesting. A picture of a motorcy- viewed, as usual, with polarized systems based on amateur and cle rider, this is probably the first glasses. Two Sony video projectors professional cameras, which two European holographic stereogram to were used for its projection. This years ago were seen at the exhibits be produced that transforms a se- short presentation of computer of four different manufacturers, quence of photographic images tak- graphics in 3-D was intended to pro- were to be found only at Rollei- en from different positions into a mote use of the technique in product Fototechnic's booth. The other firms hologram. It was made in associa- introductions and training for tech- (Bronica, Hasselblad, and Leica tion with the now defunct Holoart nical products. GmbH) still make these systems, but GmbH. The Heinrich Hertz Institute for apparently did not think that photo- The holograms of the Optical In- Communications Technology in Ber- kina was the right place to market stitute of the Academy of Sciences of lin, represented at photokina for the them. the Soviet Union, displayed at the first time this year, presented the Judging by what was seen in Co- Technointorg booth, were in strong current state of its research project logne this time, there have been in- contrast to this. As was the case two "3-D Television Without Glasses." teresting developments in the years ago, they were purely repre- The technique they are using in- holography marketplace. (But it sentational. One of them, 120 by volves specially designed and con- should be noted that this 3-D pro- 100 cm in size, depicted a sculpture structed lenticular screens, and from cess only played a minor role here.) of a mother and child. Entitled "Not the standpoint of recording and Ilford again presented sample appli- for War," it was probably also meant playback, it is rather complex. Nine cations in which its holographic to serve political purposes. video cameras and three three- films and its recently released discs

I channel video projectors-, are used I for video direct transmission in black and white. Projection of color slides requires six projectors. The viewer is somewhat restricted in choosing a viewing position; the dark zones between "viewing fields" must be avoided. The presentation itself was quite impressive, particularly as regards the brightness of the picture. Because the project is still ongoing, it is difficult to speculate about any eventual applications. That will largely depend on whether its considerable demands for data bandwidth (in principle, 9 times 3 channels for color tefevision) can be Nine-camera rig and monitor used for lenticular 3-0 video by the Heinrich Hertz Institute reduced sufficiently. for Communications Technology.

14 STEREO WORLD March/April1989 Finally, a holographic camera, the HOLOMEX/SOL Viewcam by the SOL Group Ltd. of Great Britain, was on display. It can be used to make reflection and transmission holograms up to 30 by 30 cm, and the camera itself can be used to view them. In concluding, a few things at photokina in which 3-D was mar- ginally involved should also be mentioned. One example was a lottery held by Varta Batterie AG. The main prize was a small stereo viewer with two stereo pairs and directions on how to make stereo photographs with regular cameras. At the booth of West German Radio Cologne, Matthias Zimmermann, a member I w I of its editorial staff, had prepared a nice little exhibit entitled "Fern-es- Holographic camera from the SOL Group Ltd. Sehen" (seeing at a distance). Documenting over 150 years of pho- exhibit included stereo cameras, ste- to, film, and television history, the Addresses of Some Firms reo viewers, and a number of old Exhibiting Stereo Equipment stereo pictures, including a stereo at Photokina '88 daguerreotype. "At the Sweet Har- Dawako Screen Projektionstrager GmbH, bors of Asia," an exhibit of the Agfa Postfach 1152,2202 Barmstedt Foto-Historama put together by 3-D-Foto-World, Postfach, 7858 Weil/Rhein Bodo von Dewitz, was on view at und Postfach, CH-4020 Basel the R~misch-GermanischesMuse- Emo-Optik Arthur Seibert, Postfach 1469, 6330 Wetzlar um. It included a series of historical Franka Photographic Corp., P.O. Box 17-9, stereo pictures by Underwood & Taipei, Taiwan Underwood, which unfortunately Harkness Screens Ltd., The Gate Studios, could not be viewed in stereo. 3-D Station Road, Borehamwood (Herts) WD6 1DQ Gropbritannien was also the focus of one other ex- Heinrich-Hertz-Institut fiir Nachrichtentech- hibit. The Museum for Holography nik Berlin GmbH, Einsteinufer 37, 1000 and New Visual Media in Pulheim Berlin 10 presented "40 Years of Holography." RBT Raumbildtechnik GmbH, Karlstrape 19, 7307 Aichwald 4 Scoptimax, Dietrich Kempski, Ottostrape 11, Universal photo Slide bar system from 3008 Garbsen Emo-Optik. SOL Group Ltd., Coombe Road, Hill Brow, Liss, Hants, Grobbritannien Solecta, Fkdy Kurz, rue des Moulins 20, CH-2114 Fleurier Stereo Optik Renate Grosch, Mainstrape 13, 6057 Dietzenbach TC Studios Fred Oed GmbH & Co. KG, Alt- Wurttemberg-Allee 89, 7140 Ludwigs- burg W

Viewer and holders for 2x2" pairs from Franka. I

STEREO WORLD MarchlApril1989 15 The Quagga: An Extinct Animal Stereographed from Life 1 by Richard C. Ryder

arly in the eighteenth century, E the sturdy and fiercely indepen- dent Dutch farmers of South Africa began to move in large numbers into the interior, away from the immedi- ate environs of the Cape of Good Hope, where they had settled in 1652. This movement continued for well over a century and culminated in the mass migrations of the "Great Trek" of the 1830's. Wherever in the hinterland his ox-drawn wagons and land hunger took him, the Boer made severe inroads upon the great game herds that roamed the African plains - springbok, gnu, zebra, cape buffalo, elephant, and quagga - a relative of the zebra that looked rather like it had tried stripes and then thought better of the idea. The quagga was a sandy brown or chestnut colored animal, with only the head, neck, and shoulders -. 11 being striped, and the legs and tail tending toward white. The animal's "The Quagga (Asinus Quagga)" - #27 by Frank Hues, 7864; an enlargement from the earliest known quagga stereograph. The quaggak scientific name was changed when it name was more or less self-imposed, was determined that all living equids fall within a single genus. (Courtesy of John C. an imitation of the strange explosive Edwards.) bray it shared with the rest of the zebra clan. Similar in its habits to the Bur- Between the Orange and Vaal European familiarity with the chell's or common plains zebra (of Rivers the herds shared their range- quagga began early. There was a live which there were at least four dis- with those of the common zebra. specimen in England by 1751, where tinct races), the quagga was an in- This zebra becomes less conspicu- it was erroneously described as the habitant of the open grasslands in ously striped the farther south one female of the then little-known ze- the central and southern portions of proceeds across its territory, leading bra, a case of mistaken identity that the Orange Free State and the semi- some authorities to classify the persisted for three decades. During arid Karroo region of Cape Colony. quagga as an extreme southern form the late eighteenth and early nine- During the dry season, small family of this animal. Since there was also teenth centuries, several quaggas bands were widely scattered across considerable variation among the were part of the Royal Menagerie, the parched veldt, sometimes seek- quagga population and the southern- being kept at various times at both ing shelter in wooded valleys or most race of the plains zebra is now Kew Palace and Windsor Castle. kloofs. With the coming of the rains also extinct. we mav never know for Lord Morton and the Earl of Derby and the return of sufficient vegeta- certain whether thedquaggain fact also maintained quaggas on their tion to the plains, the smaller groups constituted a truly distinct species. It private estates. massed together in herds of a hun- is generally conceded, however, that Sheriff Parkins of London took dred or more animals, often grazing the quagga and Burchell's zebra matters a step further, harnessing a intermingled with gnu or other large were very close to that elusive and pair of the semi-striped equids to his herbivores. somewhat arbitrary boundary. phaeton carriage. This odd convey-

1 16 STEREO WORLD MmrchfApril1989 d quaggas to be the most attractive of all the zebras, Sir William Cornwal- lis Harris remarking that their coats "sparkled like mica." But by 1859, the year Charles Darwin mentioned them in The Ori- gin of Species, quaggas were already in serious trouble. The chief problem apparently was that the Boers took a rather dim view of game herds that competed directly with their own stock. And while the Boer himself found the quagga's flesh less than appetizing, he was not so particular when it came to feeding his numerous native retainers. What Sheriff Parkins' quagga-drawn phaeton in Hyde Park. (From A Natural History of Zebras, p. 118 by Dorcas MacClintock with pictures by Ugo Mochi. Reproduced by was worse, the quagga's habit of permission of Charles Scribner's Sons. Illustration copyright O 1976 by Ugo Mochi.) running a then wheeling to gaze at its pursuer made it an easy mark. ance caught the eye of the French Meanwhile, orphaned quagga foals Hunted ruthlessly both for food naturalist Cuvier, who noted: raised on Boer farms occasionally and hides (the latter being used ex- "Among the equipages . . . in Hyde proved their worth by defending tensively in the manufacture of Park [is one] drawn by two Couag- other stock from hyenas and wild sacking), the abundant herds were gas, which seem as subservient to dogs through a disconcerting display rapidly decimated and the quagga the curb and whip as any well- of boldness. But nothing ever came ceased to exist in the wild sometime trained horse." Shortly thereafter, of this either. around 1870. The last documented the London Zoo is said to have used Most early travellers in South shooting of a wild quagga apparent- a quagga to haul wagonloads of for- Africa were familiar with the quag- ly dates from 1861, although anoth- age from the Covent Garden Market ga, missionary-explorer David er source states that a final shipment to the zoo grounds in Regent's Park. Livingstone among them. Naturalist of captive animals was made to Ant- Quaggas were also employed in har- William Burchell (of zebra fame), werp in 1870. ness both at the Cape and on the In- who participated in a Boer quagga Only a handful still held out in dian Ocean island of Mauritius, hunt in 1811, recalled that "the European zoos. The last one, an old which ironically is best known as whole plain seemed alive and ap- mare, died in Amsterdam in 1883. the home of another recently extinct peared checquered black and white For the quagga it had been a classic species, the legendary dodo. with their congregated masses." case of being in the wrong place at But despite a relative ease of Many of these travellers considered domestication noted repeatedly by and little seri- "Quagga, Equus quagga" - #48 by Frederick York, about 1868-69. The most prolific ous effort was made to turn the of all zoo stereographers, York produced approximately 200 'Animals in the Gardens quagga to domestic advantage. of the Zoological Society of London." (Author's collection.)

STEREO WORLD March/April1989 17 Unidentified copy of Frederick York's #47, the most commonly encountered of all the wrong time. Accessibility had quagga photographs. Among the firms that copied this view were the Union View Co. come perhaps half a century too of Rochester, N.Y., and R. Newell O Son of Philadelphia. (Author's collection.) soon for conservation ethics to catch up with weapons technology and the advancing frontier. Ironically, if More common than the Haes it was believed that her skin had the zoos of the 1850's had had the view are two taken by Frederick been discarded and that the skeleton captive breeding programs we have York (1823-1903), the other major had gone to the British Museum. today, the quagga probably could stereographer of the London Zoo, as But in 1909 the British Museum have been saved. part of his extensive series of ap- specimen was found to be that of a Today, remarkably little direct proximately 200 "Animals in the stallion presented to the Zoo by Sir physical evidence remains of this Gardens of the Zoological Society of George Grey and in fact the stable- once prevalent animal - seven com- London." These views, #47 and #48, mate of our quagga from 1858 to plete skeletons, twenty-three skins, were possibly taken as early as the 1864. The mystery persisted until and a few skulls. That and the pho- summer of 1868, as the discovery of 1952, when the missing skeleton was tographs. an annotated purchase date of June located at Yale, where it had lain Although most sources state that 21,1869, on another view in the se- since its purchase by the noted there are only three known photo- ries suggests. The first of these York paleontologist Othniel C. Marsh in graphs of a living quagga, there are views also frequently turns up as a 1873. Further checking revealed that in fact at least five, all of a single pirated copy, which may help to ex- the skin had not been lost as sup- mare kept at the London Zoo from plain why it is more widely posed but had in fact been sold to 1851 to 1872. Furthermore, at least reproduced than any other quagga the Royal Scottish Museum in Edin- three of these images are stereo- photograph. burgh by the very same London tax- graphs. The earliest of these was The remaining two photographs idermist who contacted Marsh. taken by Frank Haes (1832-1916), of the London quagga, which are When England's last quagga died who produced the first major series not known to exist as stereographs, on July 15,1872, others still lived in of zoo stereographs, a group of are reproductions taken from origi- Berlin, Amsterdam, and possibly fifty-five square-cornered yellow nals whose present whereabouts is Antwerp. Yet to date, despite a fairly mounts taken in Regent's Park in the , unknown. One of these was copied extensive search by John C. Edwards summer of 1864, and a subsequent for the collections of the London of London, no photographs of any "second series" of similar length the I Zoo by EM. Duncan (1873-1961), of these animals have been found. following year. The quagga appears Librarian of the Zoological Society. (Virtually all of the records of the as view #27 of the initial 1864 series; , The other is in the possession of the Berlin Zoo were destroyed in Allied Haes himself, in a lecture delivered British Museum [Natural History]. air attacks in 1943.) Nor have any before the London Photographic So- I These are the two images that have views surfaced from South Africa. ciety on January 3, 1865, mentioned generally been neglected by previous These five images then may in fact "the Zebras, Quagga, and Wild Ass- writers. For both, the date of the constitute the quagga's entire photo- es being very interesting subjects for original image and the identity of graphic portfolio. the camera." (Some sources assign the photographer remain unknown, Oddly enough, after more than a an 1870 date to the Haes photo but although Haes is a possibility. century, the quagga is back in the this is patently incorrect.) What became of this particularly news. In June of 1984, in a report to photogenic quagga? For a long time (Continued on page 35)

18 STEREO WORLD Ma~hIApriI1989 me Societv

he Stereoscopic Society offers The print circuit is also expanding Wil, with the help of his wife, has T stereo photographers a chance but is willing to accept additional successfully combined the old with to participate in several types of fo- members even if the travel time the new to make his version of a lio activities. Those who work in takes a little longer. If the current 'neo-classic' comic card. Remember transparencies in Realist format cir- growth continues through the next that one of the charms of the old culate their pictures in either the Al- year some reassessment of the Socie- cards was their predictability. The pha or Beta circuits. The new 2 X2 ty's situation will be in order. Al- joke must be told according to the circuit is designed to accommodate though this presents some problems formula, following in every detail those who produce stereo from we must deal with, it is pleasant to the prescribed pattern. Wil points matched pairs of transparencies see this growing interest among out one difference between the ste- mounted in standard 2 X2 35mm photographers in producing stereo reo view and the corresponding car- mounts. Printmakers and other images. toon version of a joke. He notes that large format workers participate in Cartoon Stereo a cartoon contains only the essential either or both of the regular (about elements and nothing else, while a 25-30 members) or 'Speedy' (limited Wil Metcalf, one of the mainstays stereo view can have a lot of clutter to 12 members) folios. of the Print Circuit, always likes to added, the more the better for stereo 1988 has seen a considerable experiment and comes up with some effect. growth in the membership of the clever ideas. He has long enjoyed the Wil promises that there are more Society and we are now in the posi- blunt and stvlized humor of the old on the way and I, for one, wait im- tion where both Alpha and Beta commercial "comic" stereo views. It patiently. I never had enough of the transparency circuits have reached occurred to Wil that they have much old gems. membership limits beyond which in common with newspaper and Questions concerning Society they do not feel comfortable. In magazine cartoons. Those usually membership should be directed to practice, about thirty members re- occur as single panel jokes and some Corresponding Secretary Jack E. sult in a year of travel time for a fo- could be adapted to presentation as Cavender, 1677 Dorsey Avenue, lio. As a result it has been decided, a stereo view. Among his first ex- Suite C, East Point, GA 30344. m for the time being, to institute a periments was an inspiration from a waiting list for the Realist format fo- cartoon by Jim Unger for Universal lios. Vacancies, as they occur, will be Press Syndicate in which a woman filled from the waiting list. We are gets double duty out of her tele- not satisfied with this as a perma- phone cord by drying wash on it nent solution but are not ready at while chatting on the phone. this time to try to institute a third Realist format circuit. "I'd better go. . . he's waiting for his lunch," by Stereoscopic Society print circuit member Wil Metcalf.

STEREO WORLD March/April1989 I9 3-D Bonanza Due At PSA Convention

n September 13-16, the 1989 0 Photographic Society of America (PSA) annual convention is being held in Scottsdale, Arizona. The 3-D program line-up is diversi- fied and exciting with four days of 3-D (and 2-D) slide programs. Non- members may attend and enjoy the many benefits of a convention of this type. From 3-D slide programs to a Stereo Division Banquet to a Stereo Division "Den" to meet other interesting 3-D people, the convention offers many opportunities. Starting at 9:00 a.m. on Wednes- day Sept. 13th with "SPACESHOTS: Adventures in 3-D by Ron Labbe, a state-of-the-art multi-image 3-D slide program featuring some of the greatest stereo images ever produced. Computer programmed and set to a lively original sound- Ron Labbe, producer of "Space Shots 3-0': which opened with a commercial run in a Bos- ton area theater, promoted with ads promising, "Once you've seen Space Shots, 3-0 will track, Spaceshots proves that never be the same." 3-dimensional photography is no fad or gimmick. Beginning with many spectacular images from the quence and many others, this show but also as an educator, explorer, Victorian era, each generation of ste- is a tribute to a woman who made a writer, lecturer, and museum reo is well represented right up to to- major mark in the world of 3-D curator. day's avant garde. Classic Tru-Vue photography. The New Jersey Committee for and View-Master, as well as 1950's "TRAVELS ON NEXT TO the Humanities awarded these two and 1960's amateur and professional NmHING: A 3-D Travelogue star- researchers a grant to produce this photography are highlighted. ring Underwood & Underwood's 3-D presentation, which has evolved "THE LATE PAT WHITEHOUSE James Ricalton" created by Susan into the present highly polished SHOW presented by Harold Kempler & Doreen Rappaport has sound/slide production. Whitehouse is an inspiring audio- been shown at two past NSA con- PSA STEREO DIVISION HALL visual album of scenic, nature and ventions. This 3-D slide show is a OF FAME #5" presented by Me1 mood sequences by the late Pat re-creation of a lantern slide trave- Henningson is a compilation pro- Whitehouse, who was a widely ac- logue given by James Ricalton, a gram of top award winning 3-D claimed stereo photographer in prolific Underwood & Underwood slides created by PSA stereo pho- Great Britain. Pat was a past presi- 3-D photographer from 1880 to tographers over the past three de- dent of the Stereoscopic Society of 1925. cades. This gives a well rounded Great Britain and was awarded a The show takes you back to the perspective on landscape, table-top, Fellowship with the Royal Photo- era when stereoviews were state-of- black light, portraits and every cate- graphic Society for her close-up the-art media communication. It gory of 3-D photography. photography of nature subjects cap- transports the viewer back in time to "PSA SLIDE OF THE YEAR tured with cameras of her own mak- Egypt's pyramids, the Spanish- JUDGING" is a marvelous event to ing. Her shows are a unique American War in the Philippines, watch as three judges determine the combination of integrated commen- the Boxer Rebellion, the glory and Slide of the Year and the top 10 tary, music or the sounds of wild- pageantry of India's royalty and honorable mention slides from a life, and 3-D photography. World much, much more. Ricalton was group consisting of only award win- reknowned for her "Hallelujah se- talented not only as a photographer, ning slides from the past year's inter-

20 STEREO WORLD March/April1989 I national 3-D slide competitions. ganized by Susan Pinsky, APSA, is bition. Representing 3-D work from "PSA STEREO SEQUENCE EX- just what it sounds like. Anyone at- more than a dozen countries and HIBITION is a program of narrat- tending is invited to bring 5-10 slides close to 100 different photographers. ed slide sequences made by to share with the group. Full of sur- The convention is being held at stereographers from around the prises! Just for fun! Come and par- the exquisite Hyatt Regency - world. The great variety of subject ticipate!! Gainey Ranch Scottsdale Hotel. For matters and photographic tech- "PSA INTERNATIONAL STE- more information contact: Ed & niques make this a fascinating REO EXHIBITION" is a beautifully Jane Sargent, APSA's, 3160 E. Main program. produced program made up of all St. #105, Mesa, AZ 85203. "SPONTANEOUS 3-D MEM- the accepted slides from the 1989 BERS SLIDE PROGRAM" or- PSA International Stereo Slide Exhi-

The Depths of Humor Complete 3-D While many other computer Even those who've never had 3-Dementia offers the original satiri- magazines have offered 3-D illustra- much interest in 3-D comic books cal piece from which some of the tions in connection with articles on may be tempted by 3-Dementia practice drawings were taken. Tony's 3-D computer graphics, the April '89 Comics from The 3-D Zone (Num- 3-0 Jonestown was published in issue of VAR Business will be print- ber 15). All the stories and illustra- 1985 as the world's first freevision ed completely in anaglyphic 3-D, tions in the book are humorous 3-D comic, and relates with some from ads to photos to cover to head- treatments of 3-D itself, as found in rather biting humor his experiences lines and drawings. Although not all movies, comic book publishing, and in the 3-D television business. As the articles concern 3-D graphics, television. As publisher Ray Zone presented in 3-Dementia, it is with- the subject is covered in the special says in the introduction, "3-D lends out doubt the first time drawings issue, which will be distributed to itself to a humorous treatment." have been printed for either ana- subscribers and at computer indus- Gonzo journalism gets a 3-D glyphic OR freevision 3-D on the try sales shows. Newviews will try movie review treatment in same page! to make available a mail-order ad- "3-Detour" starring a dog named 3-Dementia Comics is available dress for the issue in a future Pointer S. Toxin. "3-D-T's" is a new through the 3-D Zone catalog (PO column. m 3-D version of an original story by Box 741159, Los Angeles, CA 90004) Joe Kubert and Norman Maurer, for $2.50 plus $1 postage and originators of 3-D comic books in handling. HAVANA GLEN the 1950's. Converted from a 1953 (Number 158 of the magazine flat, 4-color issue of Whack, the sto- Amazing Heroes, which may still be (Continued from page 11) ry details some of the actual legal available in some comics stores, is of the glen, it is as Neal wrote in his entanglements involved in 3-D com- devoted to 3-D comic publications poem: ic publication in the 1950's. For and includes background informa- "The glen, the glen - the silent glen! those who failed in every try at free tion and illustrations on the history Oh, how I love its solitude." viewing the images in Tony Alder- of 3-D, as well as mention of the son's "Everyone's Guide to Freevi- NSA.) Photohistory Postscript sion" (Stereo World, Nov./Dec '88) As a result of our research reveal- ing the opening of the glen with wooden walkways in the summer of 1867, it is definite that Dr. John Towler's "Amateur Photographic Ex- New ISU Rep for North America change Club" series on the glen was made at least several years after the Effective immediately, the new The ISU is now under German club ceased to exist. Not only was North America representative (pro- stewardship. At the end of this year, John Towler never listed as a mem- tem) for the International control goes to France, where plans ber of the APEC, but he also issued Stereoscopic Union is Karl F. Dudey, are already under way for a big a similar series of Watkins Glen 1207 - 83rd St., NW, Bradenton, FL Congress in 1991 - perhaps in stereoviews with labels similar to the 34209. Cannes or Monte Carlo. There is Havana Glen labels. The appearance Karl is the brother of Frederick much 3-D activity in Europe, and of the mounts, labels and images is Dudey who lives in Germany and the ISU is a fine way to keep in very similar to the Havana Glen se- currently serves there as treasurer touch. Contact Karl Dudey or Paul ries. We conclude that Towler's Am- for the ISU. He will receive pay- Wing if you are interested in learn- ateur Photographic Exchange Club ments in Dollars for subscriptions ing about the duties involved in the labels from Watkins Glen and and maintain liaison with the ISU position of a North American ISU Havana Glen were not part of the pending the appointment of an ISU representative. They are not unduly original exchanges. We believe that member in North America volun- time consuming. he made sets to sell, although firm teering for the job. evidence for this belief is lacking. m

STEREO WORLD March/April1989 21 Jacob Berg of Grand Forks, D;T. Stereographs of the Flood of April 1882

by Bruce Hooper

rand Forks is today the seat of Captain Griggs, of the firm, Hill, The settlement of Grand Forks be- G Grand Forks County in eastern Griggs & Co., in company with gan in 1871 spurred by trade North Dakota at the junction of the Captain McCormick. Grand Forks brought in by steamboat traffic on Red River and Red Lake River. It is was the second permanent settle- the Red River and further stimulated located 90 miles south of the Cana- ment by white families in what was in 1880 by the construction of a dian border and 70 miles northwest to become North Dakota. French- branch line of the Northern Pacific of Fargo. It is the center of trade and Canadian explorers, traders and Railroad. In 1880 the population of agricultural processing and where trappers for Hudson's Bay Company the city was only 1,705 and in 1881 University of North Dakota is locat- named Grand Forks nearly 100 years the town was incorporated. After ed. There is also an Air Force base, a before the first white settlers came to 1880, Grand Forks was a boom town Minuteman missile complex and a the area. Before 1870 it was referred because at the close of 1881 the branch of the U.S. Bureau of Mines to as Grandes Fourches or La population stood at about 4,000. located in or near the city. The Grande Fourche, but after 1870 the Most of these immigrants were population in 1980 stood at 43,765. official post office name became Scandanavian, Canadian, German The town of Grand Forks is only Grand Forks. and Irish. about 120 years old. The first settlement was made in 1869 with the 1 R.R. Bridge and High Water - Spring 1882 by Jacob Berg. Orange/lmender mount construction of a rude log hut by (Author's Collection). -- 7-, v .Jw""-..-ulc*m~ -4

22 STEREO WORLD MarchlApril1989 The first stereographer in Grand Forks was William Caswell who arrived about 1875. He was succeeded by Jacob Berg, a Norwegian im- migrant, whb came to Grand Forks from Minneapolis in 1881 where he had been working with the Swedish photographer, John H. Oleson at 307 Washington Ave. South. Some- time in 1881 he arrived in Grand Forks and set up a studio in the upper part of the Ottawa Saloon, but this gallery was destroyed by fire on December 18,1882. In 1885, Berg's studio lists at 132 South Fourth Street. Berg also appeared on The Dakota Territorial Census of 1885, which did not give his occupation, but did give his age that was 23. He also had a 26 year old brother named Hans and a mother, C. Berg who was 51. Berg's advertisement for 1885 suggests his older brother might also have been a photographer because it says "The Best Artists." I have no idea how many operators he had. He advertised himself as a photographer and dealer in picture frames, mouldings, steel engravings and in later years, albums and Nor- wegian views were also included. His was "The Finest Gallery in the Northwest, The Best Artists, The Best Instruments, The Best Ma- terial". Berg sold stereographs and cabinet cards. His flood stereographs are on orange and yellow/lavender standard and cabinet mounts with printed legends on the front and manuscript captions on the back. The three views that I know about all have different printed legends Map of Grand Forks, D.T.- 1882 appearing in John E Carrere's Grand Forks, metro- suggesting later issues published af- polis of the Red River valley, Saint Paul: Northwestern Pub. Co., 1882. Part of Micro- ter 1882. The earliest of these proba- film 576, No. 1003 - Micropublished in "Western Americana" (1975). bly are on orange/lavender mounts rubber stamped "JACOB BERG, / look as if they were taken on the that the rise will continue for two or GRAND FORKS, D.T.," while later same day or over a two or three day three days yet in which case, at the pres- issues probably are on yellow/lav- period. ent rate, an elevation above the present ender mounts printed BERG, "J. Strangely, this railroad bridge is line of at least eight feet may be looked Landscape Photographer. / GRAND for. This all depends, however on the ice FORKS, D.T." and BERG, - Pho- mentioned in reports about the "J. flood appearing in the Grand Forks gorges; and if, none of importance occur, little further apprehension need be tographer. /GRAND FORKS, D.T." Daily Herald between April 12 and All three stereographs show the felt. Considerable damage has already 20, 1882. The first report about the been done, notwithstanding the people St. P.M. and M. R.R. bridge with flood appeared on the front page of the roof of the same shack lying un- had ample warning and plenty of time derneath along with other debris in the Daily Herald on April 12, 1882 to betake themselves and their chattels to more secure places. Shanty town is successive negatives. Later views titled, "The Rampant River" and describes the following catastrophic completely inundated. Houses are float- also show men standing on the act of nature: ing around in each other door yards in bridge. "The river still booms upward. The the most promiscuous style. Some of the One view even shows what looks water reached a point last night at 12 settlers have taken the precautions to like train coming out of the back of o'clock, about three feet higher than the moor their residences, and those which the bridge. All of these stereographs highest point last year. Old settlers think are secured are not floated very far out

STEREO WORLD MarchfApril1989 23 Men standing on R.R. Bridge - Spring 1882 by Jacob Berg, Yellow/lavender mount of place. Live stock has been taken from (Courtesy of State Historical Society of North Dakota). submerged stables and turned loose for safety. The water reached the houses in the timber at the south end of Third water would subside before they were room. . .Large buildings have been street yesterday, driving many families reached and found they had no time nor moved distances, and are frequently out, and those who do not leave are ob- plan to secure their goods, yesterday. jammed out of shape. . .The railroad liged to move upstairs. Major Hamilton's The more unfortunate class were out in bridge is intact and is not of danger at residence is entirely surrounded, and skiffs fishing their flatsam and jelsam the present stage of the water. Should it Mr. Cooley was obliged to move out. from the general debris. Most owners of rise six or eight feet more there would be Among the dwellers of the flats below wood and logs on the bank have thrown cause for apprehension. . . Viets mills, there was a general booms around their property. The logs About six o'clock last night the ice broke exodus-most of the Shanty town in- which have escaped are mostly culls, at the forks, and a vast body containing habitants were able to take their per- and are not of great value. At the brew- an area of several acres commenced sonal effects with them, but several ery there is six feet of water in the cellar moving down the stream. The first ob- waited too long in vain hopes that the and about three feet in the engine stacle the ice field encountered in its mad career was the railroad bridge but the ir- resistible force behind it propelled it on- Men on R.R. Bridge in distance. Long boards lying on shacks in water. - Spring 1882 ward, breaking the great cakes into by Jacob Berg, Yellow/lavender mount (Courtesy of State Historical Society of North Dakota). smaller ones. and it continued on its

STEREO WORLD MarchlApril1989 way unobstructed until it struck the the only record of this event. Grand Forks Herald-July 7, 1933. barge of the pontoon bridge. This it car- The railroad bridge mentioned in An Index to American Photographic Collec- tions Boston: G.K. Hall, 1982. ried a considerable distance down the this article was part of the St. Paul, Lexicon Universal Encyclopedia New York: stream, snapping the cable with which it Minn. & Man. Railroad line appear- Lexicon Pubs., 1986. was made fast ashore. The barge was fi- ing on the map above Viets Mill. Lippincott's New Gazeteer: A Complete nally secured, however, and hauled into There were at this time two other Pronouncing Gazeteer or Ge- the bank out of reach of the running ice. railroads under construction in ographical Dictionary of the The river looked at that time as though World Philadelphia: J.B. Lippin- it would be cleared by this morning, but Grand Forks: The Duluth and Win- cott Co., 1911. it gorged in the bend below the boat nipeg and the Minnesota Dakota Mautz, Carl. Checklist of Western Pho- yard, and its still remains there, while Northern. The population, in spite tographers Third Ed. Brownsville, another huge chunk lies above the rail- of the flood, reached 6,000 at the Calif.:Folk Image Pub., 1986. Reader's Encyclopedia of the American West road bridge. . ." end of 1882. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell The article also mentions two Sources Co., 1977. serious floods that occurred in 1868 Arnold, Henry Vernon. The Early History of Institutional Sources and 1872. What is described in this Grand Forks, North Dakota Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul, Min- article explains what appears in the Larimore, North Dakota: H.V. Ar- nesota. Berg stereographs. The houses are nold, 1918. State Historical Society, North Dakota Heri- Carrere, John F. Grand Forks, the metropolis tage Center, Bismarck, N.D. likely shacks from Shanty town, of the Red River valley Saint Paul: while the men probably are resi- University of North Dakota, Elwyn B. Robin- Northwestern Pub. Co., 1882. son Dept. of Special Collections, dents of Shanty town. The long Daily Herald (Grand Forks, D.T.)-April12, Chester Fritz Library, Grand Forks, boards floating around in the river 16 and 20,1882. N.D. m probably are the remains of booms. "Dakota Territorial Census of 1885." Collec- tions of the State Historical Society # -+" ",v""w" ,*-, *. " + " .""" -.- " ," The Daily Herald article of April of North Dakota Fargo, N.D.: 16.1882 warns that if the water Knight Printing Co., 1913, c. 1915. For a chronological biograpk1y of shbuld rise eighteen inches above its Dudley, ~illiak~indsle~; Grand Forks and Jacob Berg , send a S: SAE to Stereo present heighr that it will endanger North Dakota manual for 1885 World, 56110 SE 71st, Portland. OR the railroad bridge. It also mentions Grand Forks, D.T.: Plaindealer 97206 L, book and job rooms, 1885. that Frank Drew arrived this morning about two o'clock on the Grafton train and reported that all the bridges across the Turtle were out except the railroad bridge. The final article on the flood appears in the April 20, 1882 Daily Herald and mentions the following VINTAGE AMERICANA about the railroad bridge: "Yesterday the river fell nearly three feet and the railroad bridge is out of danger. . .One or two more houses drifted Handcrafted wood & down against the west approach of the brass repl~caof original, invented 1859 by railroad bridge. The top of the bridge velvet trimmed brass hood. Includes rest is found to be lodged in a position historical booklet & FK1.E set 3-1) stereo- which, when the water recedes will be N.Y.S. residenu graphic views. ONLY $49.95. Pedestal base, $1 2.95 (add $3.00 shpg. (Ir hdlg.). dry land. The piles on which the rest is Addl. View Sets Avail. including Vic- secured are still solid in the water and torian Risque, Old West. San I,ranc~sco Earthquake and many more. when the river goes down the rest may be replaced on the piles at comparatively To order call toll free (800) 223-6694 slight expense. . ." I T.M. VISUAL INDUSTRIES INC. 212 W.35th St.,N.Y..N.Y.log This article marks the floods ending and most likely was when Berg 4 took the stereographs appearing in this article. I suspect most of his ARCHIVAL SLEEVES: clear 2.5 mil Polypropylene negatives of this catastrophe were CDV (33/8"x43/a") per 100: $7 case of 1000: $60 destroyed in the December fire, ex- CDV POLYESTER 2-mil per 100: $9 case of 1000: $80 POSTCARD (3%"x5%") per 100: $7 case of 1000: $60 plaining why so few stereographs 4" x 5" per 100: $7 case of 1000: $50 exist today. STEREO (33:rUx7") per 100: $8 case of 1000: $70 Berg remained in Grand Forks un- STEREO POLYESTER per 100: 2-mil $10 or 3-mil $14 til his death. He married Christina CABINET (43/s"x7") per 100: $9 case of 1000: $80 Langord in December 1883 and was 5" x 7" per 50: $6 case of 1000: $90 BOUDOIR (5l/~"x8'h") per 25: $5 case of 500: $70 a photographer in Grand Forks until 8" x 10" per 25: $6 case of 200: $34 about 1900. He died sometime after 11" x 14" per 10: $6 case of 100: $35 1918. Although most of his photo- 16" x 20" (unsealed flap) per 10: $10 case of 100: $90 graphs are interesting, his flood Russell Norton, P.O. Box 1070, New Haven, CT 06504-1070 stereographs are an important rec- SHIPPING: $4 per order. Institutional billing. ord of a major catastrophe and are L

STEREO WORLD March/April1989 More On Stereo Cemetery Photography

raveyard views ranging from I G the stark burial plot of an unknown man in Texas to serene sur- roundings of the final resting place of Christa McAuliffe, victim of the nation's first airborne tragedy of the space program, recently have been vhotonravhed-. in stereo bv NSA I members. The efforts grew from a I 1 I suggestion in the article "Stereo- ( tombs" in the Jan. /Feb. 1987 issue of Stereo World. The interesting results fashioned by these NSA folks reveal the camerapersons as having variously a real artistic bent, a journalistic Albert Sidney lohnston's Tomb in Austin, Texas. (SCAN stereo by Russ Young.) sense, an eye for architectural beauty, a love of nature, and a feeling for the ecology - as well as consider- forms and shapes in marble and be, prepare for Death and follow able stereographic expertise. granite which lend themselves so me");the gravesite of a once- "There's no more lively place than readily to pictures in depth, there prominent individual; the colorful a cemetery to capture 3-D pictures," are unusual sculptures and designs flora spreading cheer in what might said a sage whose name escapes on sepulchres and tombstones; the otherwise be a dreary place; and the memory. words of epitaphs which arouse many examples of exquisite stone The possibilities in a cemetery one's curiosity ("Behold me now as carving. confirm the words of that man of you pass by, as you are now so once Behind the View wisdom: Aside from the geometric was 1, as 1 am now, soon vou shall - . .. For each of the cemetery views they shot, NSA's stereographers prepared a thoughtfully-researched short background summary. The view of Albert Sidney Johnston's open-air vault, fascinating as it is by itself, is considerably enhanced when one surveys the life of he who is entombed. Johnston graduated from West Point, class of 1826. His entire career was Army, with active service launched in the Black Hawk War, ; 1 General Winfield Scott command- :-- 1- 107L T-~--L-- ---.-1 :- T-.. 111g. 111 1030, JUIIIISLUII SCI VCU 111 ICX- as and became an Adjutant General in the Texas Army. He led a troop of volunteers in the Mexican War, Grave of the "Unknown Man" in Macedonia Cemetery, Texas. (SCAN stereo by Carroll W. (1846-1848) and rejoined the U. S. Bell.) Army in 1849. After posts on the western frontier and in San Francis-

26 STEREO WORLD MarchlApril1989 co, Johnston resigned in 1860 to join the Confederate Army, despite being offered prestigious opportunities with the Union Army. He was a Rebel General'when he "fell at Shiloh," April 6, 1862. Initially, Johnston's remains were interred in New Orleans. In 1867 the Texas State Legislature had the body removed to the Texas State Cemetery in Austin. A cage-like structure at the grave envelops a life-sized sculpture of Johnston on his death litter. Sculptress Elisabet Ney (yes, that's the spelling) created the memorial in 1903. Small Can Be Big In vivid contrast to the stereo lim Morrison bust (and resting place?) in Paris. (SCAN stereo by Pat Payne.) view of the Johnston tomb, another Texas view discloses a grave in the small rural Macedonia Cemetery. On a red clay and gravel hill, a cou- ple of hundred yards behind Macedonia Baptist Church, one grave stands out. Not for its beauty, although it projects a sort of primi- tive grace. A puffed-up mound of dirt and gravel positioned almost beneath an arbor vitae tree, this grave covers the mortal remains of an occupant unknown. Prior to World War I, so the story goes, there was a mill operating in - L.",-...... the Macedonia area. Power was derived from a steam engine. Came a day when boiler problems crippled the mill operations. A stranger pass- ing by observed the halt in activity and offered his services, explaining that he had some knowledge and ex- Rock Graffito in a Cemetery in Key West, Florida. (SCAN stereo by Laurance Wolfe.) perience relative to boilers. The Good Samaritan was - un- mentioned slab. Here, they say, lies name of the rock group, "Pink fortunately - blown to Kingdom Jim Morrison, lead singer and song- Floyd," spray-painted for all the Come when the boiler exploded. writer of the rock group, "The world to see. Appreciative locals provided "a de- Doors," who died in Paris in July of McAuliffe Marker cent Christian burial." The words 1971, aged 28. For reasons best "unknown man" were scratched on known to themselves, there are In another era, under equal the red sandstone marker they those who doubt the singer still rests service-to-the-country circum- provided. Time and the elements here. stances, Christa McAuliffe's mem- have long since erased the notation. The lips of the bust are stained orial would probably be much on Graffiti Galore from cigarettes and wine, a memori- the order of that of Albert Sidney al gesture it has been suggested, of Johnston. Elaborate, grandiose, or- Scratches of another kind mar a nate. A tribute in stone to the gallant small white bust atop a simple mar- those fans of Morrison from the generation most closely affected by lady who was to be America's first ble slab in the Phre Lachaise Ceme- ordinary citizen in space, some tery in Paris, France. The cemetery is the Vietnam War. Several translators would be needed to convey under- might think, would vie for memori- the respository of the mortal real attention with outstanding mains of such world-renowned standing of the graffiti painted and scratched in a number of languages American monuments. It would be figures as Chopin, Gertrude Stein, similar, perhaps, to those honoring Balzac and Oscar Wilde. on the surrounding vaults. There may be a certain fond bond 19th century patriots, titans of the Hidden among the large stone business world, financiers, scientists vaults in Lachaise is a tiny, narrow uniting rock fans with graveyards. A view in a Key West cemetery shows and the like. But no. No towering grave marked only by the aforemen- granite needle piercing the sky over tioned bust which rests on the also- an above-ground tomb with the

STEREO WORLD MarchlApril1989 27 tract particular attention. One at- tests to the life and death of one George W. Beatty. The other stone is far less pedestrian. "The second stone," writes the producer of the stereo view, "marks the spot where Elizabeth, consort of Mr. Beatty, lies." "If Elizabeth was his wife," the question arises, "why doesn't it say so on the stone? Were George and Elizabeth, after death, in flagrante delicto?" "George's secret," the stereo taker concludes, "is buried with him."

A South Carolina- ~ Cemeterv-~ -~-~ The McAuliffe marker in Concord, New Hampshire. (SCAN stereo by Laurance Wolfe.) Trinity Episcopal Cemetery in Columbia, S.C., is an ante bellum the McAuliffe grave. No cherubims Most of the thirty-odd tomb- graveyard which looks as though it or seraphims garnishing a gargantu- stones in this tiny graveyard bear were scrubbed daily with soap and an mass of stone. No fence to stay dates from early nineteenth to the water. Its spotless look and charm visitors from edging too close. beginning of the twentieth century. are as unique as its proximity to the Christa McAuliffe's grave marker There are two headstones which at- State Capitol Building and the State is a vertical slab of polished black granite much like that of the Viet Nam Memorial in Washington, but no taller than a young child nor wider than a classroom door. The mirror-like surface is incised with one word, "McAuliffe," on the rear facet. The front contains a loving, touching biography in a few words highlighted by: "She helped people. She laughed. She loved and is loved. She tried to protect our spaceship earth. She taught her children to do the same." From the rear of the McAuliffe plot on the hillside, one sees thou- sands of marching cemetery mark- Beatty duo in New Jersey. (SCAN stereo by Marshall Rubin.) ers, the Merrimack River valley, and the picturesque hills beyond. In back are hundreds of trees. Two small maples, planted at the time of the interment, flank the headstone. Looking at the McAuliffe marker, the broad sweep of landscape in front of it, and the sky which McAuliffe sought to penetrate, one has an awesome, breath-taking, feeling. Peace. Minor Mystery The mini-cemeteries that dot the countryside in rural areas offer some special surprises for the stereo-taker. Northwestern New Jersey - at a spot not far from the village of New Hampton - is the site of a mini- cemetery that surrounds an even minier-church. The Mount kbanon Grange is now headquartered in the Trinity Episcopal Cemetery in Columbia, South Carolina. (SCAN stereo by A. Carl building. Eisenstadt.)

28 STEREO WORLD MarchlAprillQ89 Supreme Court - hardly a tombstone's throw away. Many of South Carolina's historical greats - dating back to the Revolution - are buried at Trinity. Part of the spacious cemetery - the DeLeon section - is devoted to the last resting place of Jewish families. It was, early on, the only Jewish cemetery outside of Charleston. In the center of down- town Columbia, Trinity Episcopal is one of the few cemeteries in the United States which offers conducted tours. Tours, by appointment only, are also conducted by another Trinity Trinity Churchyard in New York City. (SCAN stereo by Wayne Battelle.) Church, one whose claim to recognition lies mainly in its location in lower Manhattan, New York City. stroll through Trinity during the small town and rural nineteenth cen- Trinity Cemetery is adjacent to the lunch hour or before or after, some- tury view-makers, today's producers mouth of Wall Street which daily times studying the headstones, often come out ahead. swallows up a teeming mass of in- pausing to lunch from paper bags or One need merely look at a single siders and outsiders in the morning to chat with friends. They find in vintage view to realize that there is a and disgorges them in the early Trinity a delightful respite from the certain vital ingredient absent from evening. world of computers and fluctuating these old stereo scenes of Green- Trinity Churchyard, New York prices. And they can gaze upon the Wood, Mt. Auburn, and other City chapter, may be the site of the stones of such American historical monuments and plots in cemeteries most traversed cemetery in all of luminaries as Robert Fulton and of varying sizes. Christendom. When the weather is Alexander Hamilton. The modern attitude about what good (and the New York Chamber The handful of views produced by was mournful yesterday has elimi- of Commerce claims that is more the contemporary brotherhood of nated the sadness associated with than two-thirds of the time) clerks stereo practitioners seems to prove those old views. Today's stereo- and stenographers and maintenance one thing. When compared with the graphers bring life to the cemetery people and brokers and visitors and, cemetery views produced by Antho- view! m in fact, anyone who chooses to - ny, Soule, Kilburns, and the many

EDITOR'S VIEW (~ontinuedfrom page 2) lector with 100,000 views or a stacles in or near the flight path. But plane for the best average viewing, NASA researcher to write about a the idea does inspire the thought or altered for special live 3-D views stereo subject that interests you. Ar- that passengers could enjoy speeding of nearby cloud formations. ticles don't need to be long or pro- through the dramatic cloud hypers The first few exclamations of vide the "last word" to be of provided by wing-tip mounted vid- "wow, look at that!" from pas- interest. Sometimes even a very eo cameras, projected in 3-D far sengers with glasses would inspire limited piece can prompt others to polarized viewing on the cabin the sale of polarized glasses to near- share your interest and to find screens. ly everyone on board at a high sources or images never before co- A similar system could provide mark-up, paying for the system and vered. If you're not sure, write and hyperstereo vistas of clouds or providing a new promotional gim- ask about a particular project, but ground scenery from either side of mick and income source for failing write! the plane, but with an adjustable airlines. . . m Fly the DEEP Skies base rather than the set &ing-to- wing separation discussed in the ar- New applications of stereo imag- ticle. Dual cameras would cover the Correction ing concepts are always interesting same side view, but the image from The caption at the llottom of page 33, to hear about, and NSA member Bill one would be stored for projection \nn.lFeh. '89, foiled to nlrtltion thnt the Copeland has come up with one very slightly later, for fusion with Tee nut is inserted fin1 the TOP side relating to aviation safety in his arti- the live image from the other cam- of the plntfornl lmse-a vital point cle "Hyper-Stereo: A Solution to era. The amount of delay, as with regardless ofhorij ti

STEREO WORLD MarchIAprill989 29 Shoshone Falls The Niagara of the West

by Bruce Hooper

he Shoshone Falls is one of Ida- miles southeast of the town of until the 1880's. The falls at this T ho's most im~ressivenatural Shoshone, located on the Little time were privately owned. In Sep- wonders. The ~aliswere discovered Wood River and at the junction of tember 1883, Dr. W.M. Johnson of by Wilson Price Hunt in 1811 and the Wood River Branch of the Ore- Ketchum, Idaho Territory sold the for many decades thereafter the gon Short Line Railroad. During the falls to Dewey & Stone and Mr. chief attraction for immigrants pass- nineteenth century a stage brought Clark of the banking firm of Don- ing through Idaho to Oregon. tourists from the town of Shoshone nell, Clark & Larabee of Butte, Shoshone Falls is considerably to the Falls. Montana. The new owners were higher than Niagara, plunging 212 Development of the Shoshone worth over $3,000,000. The firm feet over a great basaltic horseshoe Falls into a tourist area did not begin later consisted of Dewey, Creighton, rim nearly a thousand feet wide. The Falls are located on the Snake Stereograph taken from the bottom of Shoshone Falls by Martin Mason Hazeltine, River about twenty or twenty-five 1884 or 1886 (Courtesy of the Oregon Historical Society)

30 STEREO WORLD MarchIAp"llP8P Clark and Stone. They proposed to a lovely little bench several hundred walls and hauling dirt for a road- go to work immediately and make a feet above the river, but in plain way, there is access to this wonderful first class summer and tourist resort sight of all the towering bluffs, the place by a good road circling around of the Falls. The firm was called the several cascades and the mighty like the letter S going from one level Shoshone Falls Improvement Com- cataract. to another until the end is reached at pany and consisted of capitalists Evidence of development at the the river. The hotel probably was from Omaha, Nebraska and Butte, Falls does not appear until the publi- not completed until the late 1880's Montana. In February 1884, they cation of J.M. Goodwin's article ti- or the early 1890's. Shoshone Falls is were in the process of constructing a tled "The Snake River Country" today a state park, although during hotel with capacity for 100 guests, appearing in the January 1989 issue the first part of the twentieth centu- completing three thousand feet of of the Overland Monthly. In his ar- ry it was dammed for irrigation pur- grade for a toll road from Shoshone ticle are photographs taken along poses, so now at certain parts of the to the Falls and in the process of con- the Snake River including a photo- year the Falls do not run. structing a ferry boat. In July 1884, graph of the Shoshone Falls, Thom- Timothy H. O'Sullivan was the Register Pound of the United States as Moran standing on the natural first to stereograph the Shoshone Land Office and J.J. Tracy visited bridge at the Falls and a photograph Falls, while on the King Survey of the Falls and found accommodations of the ferry boat above the Falls. All the Fortieth Parallel from 1867 to consisting of a tent hotel supplied of these photographs were taken by 1868. Clarence King describes how with comfortable cots, clean beds William Henry Jackson in 1892. the photographic apparatus was and a table well supplied with fresh In this article Goodwin describes transported down to the Falls in On- farm produce. the ferry, the hotel and the toll road. derdonk's Idaho: Facts and Statis- For reasons unknown to me the On page 9, he says that in the can- tics: "The descent of 400 feet from construction of the hotel was slow. yon above the Falls a ferry permits our standpoint to the level of the In James L. Onderdonk's Idaho: safe crossing of the river over deep river above the Falls has to be made Facts and Statistics published in and comparatively still water. On by a narrow winding path among 1885, he mentions on page 28 that a page 10, Goodwin says that a few rough ledges of lava. We were ob- hotel is to be built shortly with am- miles below Shoshone Falls is a side liged to leave our wagon at the sum- ple accommodations. In an extract canyon and part of this canyon has mit and pack down the camp from a letter to the Omaha Republi- been cut down, leaving walls three equipment and photographic ap- can appearing on page 31 of J.M. hundred feet high and making space paratus upon carefully led mules. By Rice's Idaho. How to make money in enough for one of the prettiest and mid-day we were comfortably Idaho Territory published in 1886, most romantic homes to be found camped on the margin of the left the unidentified writer says that anywhere. He adds that by blasting bank; just above the brink of the Messrs. Dewey, Creighton, Clark off the walls, building high retaining Falls. My tent was pitched upon the and Stone who own the falls property will erect their elegant hotel on Natural Bridge, Shoshone Falls, Idaho by Martin Mason Hazeltine of Baker City, Ore- the south side of the Snake River on gon, 1884 or 1886 (Courtesy of the Oregon Historical Society)

STEREO WORLD March/ApriI 1989 31 edge of the cliff directly overhanging stereographs are known to exist History of Idaho Territory San Francisco: the rapids. From my door I looked from this expedition. The last Wallace W. Elliott & Co., 1884. over the cataract and whenever the stereographer known to have visited Onderdonk, James L. Idaho: Facts and Statis- tics San Francisco: A.L. Bancroft, 1885. veil of mist was blown aside I could the Shoshone Falls was Olaf P. Lar- Ostroff, Eugene. Western Views and Eastern see for a mile down the river." son of Squirrel, Idaho, during the Visions Smithsonian Institution Travel- OfSullivanfirst stereographed the early 1900's. His views are on stan- ing Exhibition Service with the coopera- Shoshone Falls in September 1868, dard size curved gray mounts. The tion of the United States Geological taking views from behind, below only stereograph I know of is cap- Survey, 1981. Rice, J. M. Idaho. How to make money in and from the south bank of the tioned "Shoshone Falls Idaho, Niag- Idaho Em'tory Omaha: The Republi- Falls. He was accompanied on this ara of the West." The Shoshone Falls can, Printers and Bookbinders, 1886. expedition by King and a small is one of Idahots "greatest natural I "Shoshone" Wood River Times (Hailey, Ida- detachment of soldiers from the sur- wonders, although more needs to be ho), 2/12/1884, p.3, co1.4. ,The Shoshone Falls,. Wood River Times veying party. Stereographs of the found of the stereographic docu- (Hailey, Idaho), 9/5/1883, p.3, ~01.2. King Survey were published in 1873, mentation at the Falls. Snvder. Toel. American Frontiers IMillerton. 1876 and through 1880 on official ' N.C]:Aperture, 1981. ''A viiit to the ' and blank mounts. All are rare and I Sources Shoshone Falls" Wood River Times have no idea which numbers are of Brey, William. "O'Sullivan's Indians" Stereo (Hailey, Idaho), 7/15/1884, p.3, co1.2. World 11(3), (July/August1984): 14-21. Wood, Stanley. Over the Range to the Gold- the Shoshone Falls. Federal Writer's Project. Idaho. Idaho: A en Gate Rev. ed. Chicago: R. R. Donnel- In November 1874, alone at the Guide in Word and Picture American ley & Sons Co., 1905. Shoshone Falls, he took his last Guide Series. New York: Oxford Univer- stereographs after leaving the sity Press, 1950. Correspondences Goodwin, J.M. 'The Snake River Country: A J.F. Macdonald Collectibles, Portland, Wheeler Survey. Three negatives Wild Part of Idaho." Overland Monthly Oregon. from this visit were published as 31(181), (January1898): 3-13. Elizabeth Winroth, Asst. Reference Librarian, part of a fifty card stereograph set Hales, Peter B. William Henry Jackson and Oregon Historical Society, Portland, published by the Wheeler Survey in the Transformation of the American Oregon. m Landscape Philadelphia: Temple Univer- 1875. The first, number 48, is from sity Press, 1988. the top of the Falls, the second, number 49, shows the main Falls and the third, number 50 shows the gorge and the natural bridge in the foreground. All are on official Wheeler Survey mounts imprinted "EXPEDITION OF 1874" on the rec- ANNOUNCING to on 4"X7" yellow/white mounts. The next major stereographer of Shoshone Falls is Martin Mason THE NSA Hazeltine of Boise, Idaho from late 1883 to 1884 and Baker City, Ore- gon from 1884 to 1903. A number of "MONOGRAPH" SERIES stereographs were published in 1884 and 1886 on buff and orange/laven- s it a contradiction to publish a be in computer memory storage, so der mounts using an endless variety I monograph about stereographs? material can be updated easily. of imprints suggesting different se- Aside from any misconceptions aris- Reproduction will be on high quali- ries and captions mostly in manu- ing from pseudosemantics, an actual ty Xerox. Text and line drawings will script on the recto and verso of each gap has developed in stereo publica- reproduce excellently; photographs mount. Hazeltine took a lot of views tions. There are articles which are will be adequate for viewing or from various points at the top of the too long to run in Stereo World, but reference, but not of course of the Falls. He even took some views from too short to fill a book. As a result. quality found in Stereo World. below the Falls and of the natural some material has gone unpub- These publications will be for sale at bridge. lished, or has been cut or serialized the cost of printing (about 106 a In 1892, William Henry Jackson to appear in the magazine. To fill page). and Thomas Moran travelled along this gap, the NSA has instituted its So far, the monographs have been the Snake River and visited the "Monograph series, coordinated by produced on Heywood, George Sta- Shoshone Falls, while on their way Tex Treadwell. cy, and the London Stereoscopic to Yellowstone National Park. Pho- The monographs can be on any Company's "North American Se- tographs were taken that appeared subject, photographer, or area, and ries." Others are in preparation. If in the January 1898 issue of the can be up to 50 pages long. This members have information or views Overland Monthly. These represent means that lengthy quotations from from these photographers, they are the most comprehensive documen- source materials or lonn lists of urged to get in touch with Tex Tread- tation of tourist development of the views can be included fYor the benefit well. Those who would like to con- Falls. Stereographs might have been of those wishing to learn about a tribute articles can also contact him; taken because during that same year subject in more depth (if you'll par- assistance is available on locating Jackson and Moran visited the don the expression) than is possible views, editing, typing, and Grand Canyon of Arizona and in Stereo World. The material will printing. m

32 STEREO WORLD MarchIApril1989 me Unknowns

he shared mount images shown Stu had no information to relate Other comments have been T on pages 18 & 19 of our about the flip side picnic scene but received from Alan Mueller, Joe Lee, Nov./Dec issue drew our first re- surmised it may have been nearby Mary Grassick, Bill Darrah, and sponse this month. Stu Butterfield Lake St. Catherine. That lake's loca- Harriet Hayes. Their responses have recognized the street level blizzard tion on the road between Poultney corroborated information already scene as being Poultney, Vermont, a and Kinney's home base of Pawlet relaved in the Tan./Feb. edition of small town located some 25 miles would seem to make it the most log- thiscolumn. This is just a note of west of Rutland along the New York ical possibility. We would still like to thanks for taking the time to re- State border. A while back, Stu pur- hear from anyone who might be in spond to some of our inquiries. chased a group of cabinet size views possession of cards by other profes- This issue, our first two views by two photographers from that sional photographers who utilized have been sent to us by John Wald- part of Vermont. . . B.C. Kinney of both sides of the mount for the dis- smith. John is in possession of both Pawlet and F.M. Rood of Poultney. play of their prized images. of the original negatives and has Included in the group were several From the same issue, p. 20, the supplied us with contact prints from views of the Blizzard of '88. Our "Old City Hall" was indeed an old which our images have been copied. particular image was the work of city hall and its location was Port- The most striking feature in the first Kinney. As for information about land, Maine. Built in 1825 to serve image is the three arch stone bridge the snowstorm itself, a brief note in as a market house, the structure was that has been constructed over a a recent issue of Photique magazine converted for use as a city hall seven creek or small river. It is reminiscent capsuled the blizzard as "devastating years later. Its demise came in 1888 of the bridges often seen in Gard- New England, New York and New when the wrecker ball struck in fa- ner's photographs of the Antietam Jersey from March 11 to 14, 1888, vor of the Civil War monument still Battlefield and may well still stand claiming 400 lives and causing mil- visible to the modern day tourist. somewhere nearby in Maryland's lions of dollars in property damage." This information has been supplied Piedmont Region or perhaps just A note was made that the Blizzard by Earle Shettleworth of the Maine across the border into either Vir- of '88 was the earliest natural dis- Historic Preservation Commission. ginia or Pennsylvania. Two farm- aster to be visually recorded exten- With his letter he enclosed a copy of houses and two barns can be viewed sively by both amateur and another stereoview of the same sub- grouped together in the flat across professional cameramen. Further in- ject in the Commission's collection. the bridge. John believes the image formation is available in a pictorial That view reflects the origins of the was taken in the 1930's. The pole in book entitled Blizzard! The Great structure through the inscription the foreground with its evidence of Storm of '88 by Judd Caplovich. "Agricultural Warhouse" which is televhone service and electrification This book was published last winter clearly visible in the lintel above the woild tend to support this or a to coincide with the snowstorm's ground level entrance. In our view, slightly later date since the more 100th Anniversary. the existence of lettering is apparent outward rural areas in this region but it is not legible. often did not have electricity availa-

STEREO WORLD March/April1989 33 ble until near the end of the Depres- credence to a possible 1930's dating stereoviewing a part of their alma sion in the late 1930's. of both this and the previous image. mater! John's second image shows the There is a good chance this building Our third image presents us with construction or renovation of a clas- still exists and it may be photo- a view of at least nine scattered sical styled structure. Based on what graphed here near enough to com- wood or log dwellings in a forbid- appears to be a partially completed pletion to allow it to be both ding western mountain valley. Other dome over the central portion of the recognizable" and identifiable to one structures probably exist, hidden building and the lack of any type of of our readers today. Perhaps (and from our sight here by a knoll rising stairway before the columns at the this is pure conjecture based upon to the photographer's right. Looking front, the structure is probably un- not much more than gut feeling) the at the view through the stereoscope, dergoing its initial construction. most likely type of location for the one keeps wishing the photographer Visible at the extreme right is a building would be on a university had set his camera on that knoll in- blurred motion of a Depression Era campus. If so, someone might just stead of the one he chose. The sur- work/delivery truck, thus adding now realize that they are actually rounding hillsides are mostly barren

34 STEREO WORLD March/Aprill989 and rocky with only a scattering of full card length paper label pasted cient return postage) to the address small pines and other scrubby on the verso states "Photographed below. Please heed a four view max- growth. A single large tree stands and entered according to Act of imum limit. Receipt of your views nearly dead center to the image. Just Congress, in the year 1866, in the will be acknowledged and you will to the right of that tree are two larg- Clerk's Office in and for the District be advised of an approximate publi- er buildings complete with a smoke- of Columbia." Was this a getaway cation issue. Since this process may stack type structure jutting skyward spot for Lincoln near Washington or take a year or more, you may wish probably some 30+ feet. This may is that reading something into the la- to first contact me with Xerox copies well be part of a mining operation- bel that was not intended? of the images you wish to submit in and thus provide us with a logical We are once again accepting views order to set up a schedule. m reason for the very existence of any for publication through this column. populace in the area. Handwritten If you have some "unknowns" of on the verso of the cream-colored Send views (including re1.urn postag~e) and historical or visual interest that you information about these or other. vast cabinet mount is the identification feel could benefit from the service Unknowns to Dave Klein, 14416 Harr isville "Hungry Gulch." From all outward provided by this featured article, Rd., Mt. Airy, MD 21771 appearances, the name certainly please send them (along with suffi- seems appropriate enough! Hazard- ing to venture a guess, Nevada (perhaps even the area around Virginia City) would seem a possible location. Hopefully, one of our western QUAGGA (Continued from page 18) experts can either confirm or refute that with some certaintv. the American Society of Biological view taken in 1870 by Haines of Al- Our final view, mounted on Chemists, scientists from the bany for "Hurst's Stereoscopic 1860's style yellow stock, shows a University of California at Berkeley Studies of Natural History" [See two story house, with a front en- announced that they had succeeded July 1978 Stereo World],Haines' trance that ~rotrudesforward from in isolating and reproducing frag- view depicts only mounted speci- the main structure. A wrap-around ments of DNA from a 140-year-old mens in a museum and these three porch seems to circle the entire quagga skin in a museum in Mainz, quagga stereos may well be the only house and that in turn is fullv,- en- West Germany. Hailed as a major views of an extinct species taken closed by a low but elaborate iron breakthrough, the recovery of such from life. m railing. An unusual architectural genetic material may prove to be the feature for a residential building is key in more clearly defining the ex- the arched second floor windows. act relationship between the quagga The authc)r wishes to express I Il is

They seem designed to match the and its living relatives. anks to DI9rca.s Mac Clintock olf main entranceway one level below. Whether or not the quagga con- amden, C' and lohin C. Edwa rds ' I Ic.-- L-..xl I--:.. ----- :- The curiosity about the house comes stituted a truly distinct species is of Lxrrluurr, crrg., lur rrirlr ~unsdera- from the handwritten script beneath hardly a burning question, even ble assistance in the development of the image stating "Lincoln's Country among zoologists. Nevertheless, it is this article. Mr. Edwards in particular passed on to the author his dis- Seat." This caption is repeated in a of some interest to us. For, although covery of the elusive fifth quagga different but still old hand on the re- the much lamented passenger pigeon photograph. verse side. In addition, a narrow but appeared in a beautifully tinted

STEREO WORLD March/April1989 35 A Solution to Modern Aviation Problems?

by Bill Copeland

The Problem hen a pilot guides a Boeing I w 747 gracefully off the end of the runway, he swims into the third dimension and, in only seconds, sees the earth from an entirely different perspective. This experience of movement through space is one that attracts many people to the profes- sion. The problem is the pilot can see little of the space around him and. if we think about it a little. he

really can't see the clouds, the ' mountains, or other aircraft in three dimensions - only two. Even though the pilot can't get a license to fly without good stereo vision, his eyes are too close to each other for the job they have to do! In order to see stereo. vou have to have a baseline (distancebetween the eyes) appropriate to the distance of the obiects you're looking at. Sure, Cockpit of a 747, courtesy Boeing Aircraft Corp. the pilot sees the inside of the cockpit in stereo, but that's not what he's moving through. He is moving that has lots of two dimensional objects among which he must fly? Is through space at a speed of about green screens that track aircraft as it pilot error when he can't discern nine hundred feet per second (600 little fuzzy dots. The "controllers," the three-dimensional geometry of miles per hour), so the objects he's as they are called, can talk to the pi- the hills and valleys? Are the valleys interested in seeing are many miles lot over their radios and inform him connected by passes or are they from the plane. For most of his when mountains, storms, and other blocked by a saddle? You could de- flight, what he sees outside his win- air traffic intersect his path. This termine that easily if the features dow is virtually irrelevant to his job. system works, as long as there aren't were on the scale of a child's So a pilot doesn't see in stereo. He too many other aircraft and as long sandbox. and his plane are the equivalent of a as the screens are working properly. Another source of help comes giant cyclops flying through the sky, The most important rule of flying from airplane manufacturers, who seeing only straight ahead and with is that a pilot is ultimately required are adding expensive computer just one narrow slitted eye. How can "to see and be seen." If he hits some- equipment to automate the cockpit. he survive with so many other air- thing, it is "pilot error!" But what In new planes, much decision mak- craft up there? To make matters can he see to avoid, if he physically ing is taken out of the hands of the worse, mountains, storm clouds, cannot distinguish a hawk a half pilot. The flight path is automated and tall radio transmission towers kilometer away from a Gulfstream I1 and the computer takes over the reach out to pull him down. that is 10 kilometers away? Is it pilot control wheel. Of course the com- His primary source of help is a error not to be able to distinguish , puter cannot see a thing in any great bureaucracy on the ground the relative distances and sizes of 1 dimension. It's not doing much

36 STEREO WORLD MarchIApril lD8Q from 3 miles to 15 miles, the ball- Max distance park range a pilot would need, the Cfor 3-D > base would have to be much larger. -200 feet According to The World of 3-0, a given baseline yields a favorable stereo effect for distances from around 30 times that baseline to 1000 times. If 15 miles is the maximum distance the pilot needs to see in stereo (at 300 miles per hour, this gives him stereo vision out to about 3 minutes in front of the plane), then the baseline must be about 82 feet. Since 'Q modem transport aircraft have wingspans considerably greater than I Fig. I. Normal stereo baseline. this (the span of the Boeing 727 is over 100 feet and that of a 747 is nearly 200 feet), such camera sepa- more than running prerecorded con- as easily as a baseball fielder ration is quite practical. Figure 2 il- trol tapes selected according to the separates a fly-ball from the Good- lustrates such a system. phase of flight and reading inputs year blimp! With the hyper-stereo of his en- from inertial sensors. Some people The best way to accomplish this is vironment the pilot can resume his in the computer business are a little to increase the distance between his more natural role. He can readily frightened of this trend. They can't eyes; i.e., increase the stereoscopic find his way through busy air traffic help but think of Murphy's Law: baseline. Such a view is called and through many complex ground What can go wrong, will go wrong! "hyper-stereo," and is well described terrains that he would not consider Despite the power of computers, in technical books on stereovision flying in otherwise. Best of all, he none in the world has the vision and such as The World of 3-0 by J.G. can have that beautiful experience of image processing ability of a human Ferwerda (published by the Nether- movement through the third dimen- being. The pilot's eyes and under- lands Society for Stereo-photo- sion that attracted him to flying in standing of spacial relationships graphy). Since no practical form of the first place. m cannot be replaced by any configu- cosmetic surgery can greatly en- ration of hardware and software. hance the distance between-the eyes, On the other hand, it's possible that a stereo high-resolution television sys- they can be enhanced by computer. tem seems to be the best approach. We can process video images very In normal stereo vision we view fast bv com~uter-enhance the im- objects from arm's length out to a age of nearby traffic, enhance the practical maximum of about 200 feet sharpness of edges, and project and distinguish the relative posi- three-dimensional guidance on the tions fairly comfortably. The nor- screen. But the computer cannot see mal distance between our two eyes in front of the plane. (our stereo baseline) that attains this Hyper-Stereo Vision to the perception is about 2.5 inches. See Rescue Figure 1. In order to view an object A lot of the com~licatedand expensive instrumentation installed onboard an aircraft and on the max of ground could be replaced, if we <-"I8 miles could produce a good stereoscopic view of the space around the pilot. I'm not talking about range-finding or the recording of images for later viewing. I mean that it is possible for the pilot to fly the plane by look- 1 OOft ing out of a different kind of window. One in which clouds would look more like pillows than large opaque walls; mountains would look like the hills and valleys of a child's sandbox; tall radio transmission towers would stand out like large dangerous spikes in the flight path; and the pilot could visually Fig. 2. Hyperstereo system on-board an aircraft. separate other aircraft by distance,

STEREO WORLD March/AprillQBQ 37 For Sale For Sale Wanted NEW BOOK! THE STEREOSCOPIC NUDE AVIATION, American History, Art, Advertis- JOHN ROGERS stereo cards wanted of 1850-1930 by Derge Nazarieff, (1887). 160 ing, Automotive, Black ~istory,Canada, Civil Schooldays and The Photographer.A.J. Mer- pages, 214 mostly color stereo photos, with War, Ex~ositions.Entertainment. Euro~ean. lo, 3025 Spring St., Racine, WI. 53405, (414) viewer. $42.50 postpaid, check with order. ~a&ousPeople, Military, 0rgani&tions; ail: 634-0734. Available from Fred & Elizabeth Pajerski, 225 mad, Ships, Sports, Space. Wildlife. Medals, W. 25th St., N.Y., N.Y. 110001, (212) 25M501. Plaques, Documents, stereo photos, photos. KITES, wanted photos and stereo before Available from Russell Norton, FK). Box 1070, $1.00 for any three lists. Macdonald's Collect- 1950, also early aemphotography taken by New Haven, CT. C6504,(203) 562-7800. ibles, 1316 N.E. 113th, Portland, OR. 97220, kite, illustrations, books, etc. . .Send photo- (503) 255-7256. copy with price. Please write to: Michel 3-D PRINT VIEWERS. American Optical. Dusariez, 14, Avenue Capitaine Piret, 1150 Stock clearance. 50c ea per dozen. 2% ea STEREO SPRING CLEANING SALE - Bar- Brussels, Belgium. per 100. Also, Penthouse model stereo cards, gain prices on hundreds of stereo views, 3-D $2.50 per 8 views. Brochure for stamp. Holly- comics, books, movies, memorabilia, and WHITMAN, Any photograph wanted of Walt wood Stereo, Box 7331, Burbank, CA. 91510. more Send long SASE for list. Bill Shepard, Whitman or his circle, Hans Christian Ander- 17350 E. Temple Ave., #399, La Puente, CA. sen or Lewis Carroll. Mautz, Box 9, Browns- STEREO WORLD READERS: The new "Ex- 01744 ville, CA. 95919. cel" viewer is made specifically for quality -- viewing of 3D Books and magazines. Hood- 3-D NUDES. Professionally produced. High OFFERS MADE on rare early views in excel- ed, with quality lens and pedestal stand, Quality, super sharp color stereo slide sets. lent condition. Also, lndian and J.J. Hawes. $19.95 plus $3. UPS. G.H. Sergio, 760 Clawson Send only $1 P&H for our explicit brochure No curve mounts. Ken Appollo, 2415 N.W. St., Staten Island, N.Y. 10306. You must be 18 years orolderto request this Lovejoy, Portland, OR. 97210. material. Raffaelli's Classics, FQ. Box 481064 ARROW-VIEW 3-D Automatic viewer slide VIEWMASTER PERSONAL Camera, x-sync Dept SW, Los Angeles, CA. 90048. with PC plug, Exc+ with VG case, original in- magazines. Nudes by Ron Gustafson of Vir- struction book, $120; Realist stereo slide EDINBURGH ANATOMY STEREOGRAPHIC ginia Beach, VA. John I. Smith,(202)363-5890 changer, for projecting one (flat) frame of STUDIES, Ten Vols., 324 total views showing call collect evenings & weekends. stereo slides with Realist 620 projector, com- human body dissection. Description of dis- OKLAHOMA, OklahomaTenitory, lndian Ter- plete with conversion lens, new in box, $8; section and stereo view on same side of ritory, stereo views, Cabinet photos, stock Dozens of Sawyer's reels (including rare Navy large card. Views excellent, boxes poor. Will certificates, deeds, allotment papers or paper training reels), SASE for list. Please add UPS. be sold to best offer by June 1,1989 plus $20 memorabilia Buy or trade. Send copies, Mark Willke, 200SW 89th Ave., Portland, OR shipping. Henry Ewald, 9920 Bassett, Livonia, prices, want list to: David Reeh, FK). Box 4231, 97225. (503) 297-7653. MI. 48150. (313) 464-3236. Tulsa, OK. 74159. WHITING'S PATENT UNIVERSAL Stereo- STEREO VIEWS ON APPROVAL: Views at $1 RAUMBILD-VERLAG (German Third Reich graph Library (over 400 cards) reproduced in and $2 each made up into misc subject lots. 3D books with viewer & cards). Call Ron (206) colors from original stereoscopic photo- Select those you want and return balance 277-9835 or write Ron Martin, 16156 138th Ave graphs. Make offer. Derthick, 2437 S. Second, with payment. New customers must provide SE, Renton, WA. 98058. Alpena, MI. 49707. references or MCNISA number. Send 25c stamp to be placed on mailing list for regu- DAKOTA TERRITORY, No. Dak., So. Dak., BOOK "The Siege at Port Arthur" - Rus- lar stereo view maillphone bid sales lists. stereosor any format will buy! Need info for solJa~aneseWar in 3-D. $25 incl. Airmail John Waldsmith, FK). Box 191, Sycamore, OH. book on photographers. Thanks. Bob Kolbe, postage. Ron Blum, 2 Hussey Av., Oaklands 44882. 1301 So. Duluth, Sioux Falls, So. Dak. 57105. Pk. S.A. 5046 Australia CASE FOR BELPLASCA stereo camera ANTIQUE SOUVENIR COLLECrORS NEWS. Trade Bryan Ginns, 152 East 84th St., New York, N.Y. Everything from souvenir china to stereo TRADE, BUY AND SELL: Card mounted 10028, (212) 744-2177. views! Send 2 stamps for sample copy. Box views. (Australian, Canadian, and British 562, Great Barrington, MA. 01230. OLD STYLE NIMSLO pre-paid mailers-any stereo or cartede-visite items particularly size Phil Kantor, 150 W. Pike St., Canonsburg, ANTIQUE PHOTOGRAPHY Mail Auctions. wanted). David Hooper, 36, Flag Lane N., PA. 15317, (412) 746-4861. Daguerreotypes, Ambrotypes, Tintypes, Chester CH2 lLE, England, U.K. CDVs, Cabinet photos, stereo views, and mis- CENTRAL PARK (New York City)-All im- FRENCH TISSUE VIEWS, and 1500 other ages 1858-1940. Herbert Mitchell, Avery cellaneous. Hundreds of interesting vintage selected stereo views in stock Will trade only Library, Columbia University, New York, N.Y. photographs. Great variety of subjects. Three for Maine flat mount views -any subject or or four auctions per year. $2 for illustrated 10027, (212) 854-3502, H: (212) 8648163. condition. Write or call for details: Blaine E. catalog, or $5 for next three auctions. Prices Bryant, 864 Bridgton Road, Westbrook, ME. realized mailed out after each auction. Don TOLEDO, OHIO and area, any stereo views 04092, (207) 854-4470. Ulrich, 1625 South 23rd, Lincoln, NE. 68502. but esp. views by Trost of the great flood of 1883 and views by Van Loo of the Hall Block Wanted fire of 1882. Also CorteScopesets and views As part of their membership, NSA members are (no viewers unless with views), stereo views, offered fme use of classified advertising. Members ST. AUGUSTINE, Anastasia Island, Jackson- CDVs, cabinet cards & real photo post cards may use 100 words per year, divided into three ads ville waterfront, Matanzas, Florida ca 1875. of small Ohio towns esp. Sycamore, Tiffin, with a maximum of 35 words per ad. Additional Carlisle lndian School. Southem Plains Indi- Findlay, Nevada, Upper Sandusky, Carey, Ash- words and additional ads may be inserted at the rate ans, stereos and other images. Native Ameri- Uk payments land and Bucyrus. John Waldsmith, PO. Box of per word. Please indude with ads. can Painting Reference Library, Box 32434, We an not pmvide billings. Deadline is the first day 191, Sycamore, OH. 44882. of the month preceding publication date. Send ads Okla City, OK 73123. NEBRASKA AND KANSAS stereo views. to the National Stereompic Association. P.O. Box STEREO VIEWS or any other photographsor Also, other photographic formats of signifi- 14801, Columbus, OH. 43214, or call (419) negatives showing street cars in Scranton, 927-2930. A rate sheet for display ads is available cant interest. Don Ulrich, 1625 South 23rd, PA. or the Scranton area Charles Wrobleski, upon request. Please send a SASE. Lincoln, NE. 68502. Box 663, Scranton, PA. 18501.

STEREO WORLD March/April1989 Wanted Wanted Wanted BOXED SEEi 81lace makers any format. Ron FIND OLD PlCrORlAL SOUVENIRS photos, SHAKER PEOPLE. Please send photocopy Blum, 2 Hussey Av., Oaklands Pk. S.A. 5046 stereo views of your hometown! Try the An- with price. Richard Brooker, 450 East 84th Australia tique Souvenir Collectors News. Free classi- Street, New York, N.Y. 110028. fied ads! Six issues only $11 per year. Write ARGENTINE VIEWS wanted, early cards Box 562, Great Barrington, MA. 01230. USA NUMISMATIC coin & banknote stereo only, no Keystones. Also any early non-stereo views wanted: Views showing US Mint coin- views of Argentina, albums, etc. Mike Kess- AUSTRALIAN STEREOS, CDVs, 3-D comics, ing operations, Philadelphia, New Orleans, ler, 25749 Anchor Circle, San Juan Capi- for U.S. (or World) views. (Wide Range of Col- San Francisco, Dahlonega (Georgia), Carson strano, CA. 92675, (714) 661-3320. lectible cards) or cash paid. All mail an- City, US banknote engraving or production, swered. Warren Smythe, 258 Cumberland or anything US Coin related wanted, espe- STEREO VlEWS showing street cars in Rd., Auburn, NSW 2144, Australia cially seeking Underwood & Undewood ser- Scranton, PA., Carbondalr, PA., or the Scran- ies circa 1904 showing Philadelphia Mint ton area Charles Wrobleski, Box 663, Scran- LONG ISLAND, N-Y-Stereo views, including operations, send stereos for my ton, PA. 18501. early Brooklyn and Queens. TOPprices paid. priced - no offerswaccepted, or send - - - Also wanted Puerto Rico photos, all formats photocopy with condition price noted, BRrrr AND HELLER. Anything by Peter Britt but es~eciall~stereos.Send on approval with of Jacksonville, Oregon, and Louis Heller of sameday reply M. Sundman, 'Onfidence Fred Rodriquez FK)' Box President, Littleton Coin Co., 253 Union St., Yreka or Fort Jones, California Maue Box 9, 112005, Miami, FL. 33111. Brownsville, CA. 95919. Littleton, NH 03561, phone (603) 444-5386. ILLINOIS AND MISSOURI stereo views. Es- MUYBRIDGE Top prices paid. Also COLORADO STEREO VIEWS, cabinets, CDVs, pecially views of Quincy, Illinois. Please real photo post cards, and large photographs Michigan and mining -the Ms. Many views describe and price or send on approval. Will available trade. 49525 W. by Lachian Mclean, George E. Mellen, A.M. for Leonard also trade for Illinois and Missouri views. Phil Seven Mile, Northvillo MI. 48167. (313)3489145. Thomas, W.H. Jackson, B.A. Hawkins, George Germann, Box 195, Quincy, IL 62306. R Wakely, Rufus Cable, Frank Dean, Charles STEREO VIEWS WISCONSIN, from cities of Goodman, Charles Weitfle, Joseph Collier, WISC. stereo Waukesha, Templeton, Milwaukee, Pewaukee, Alex Martin, W.G. Chamberlain, CH. Clark, prints and maps PIUSany all-wood cameras. Oconomowoc. send Xerox copies to Rick TY- James W. Nutt, Duhem Bros., Peny & Bohm, Dave Gorski, 1325 Garfield Ava, Waukesha, ler, 336 Williams St., Waukesha, WI. 53186. Luke & Wheeler, E.G. Monison, Frank Kuyken- WI. 53186 or call (414) 542-3069 evenings. dall and J.L Clinton. My specialties: locomo- FLORIDA STEREOS of historical value, es& NEED 'OURCE for metal-glass folding m.i'iili- tives, trains, towns, and street scenes. hytop cially Tallahassee, Tampa, Gainesville. Price tary type desk 'lain Or with and describe or send on approval; highest cash. David S. Digemess, 4953 Peny St., Den- binocular alternator as used in studylng alr ver, CO. 80212. prices paid for pre-1890 views. No St. Au. ~~~~~~.~~~g~G~urik,314 12th St', Windkc gustine. Hendriksen, m. Box 21153, Kenne. STEREO VIEWS or slides of talented young PA. 15963. dy Space Center, FL 32815. actor, Kiefer Sutherland, wanted by fan. Have NYc UNrr~toneviewsm245,6,119 you been lucky enough to take his picture in STERLING 800 Deluxe viewer, it's identified 13,179 19, 20,249 26,n~ 29, 33, 419 44, 479 48, and 3-D? Let me know. Write Phyllis, FK). Box 682, by red focusingknob. Any condition, from any Other New Brooklynand New Miamisburg, OH. 45343. Junkers for parts to Mint. Dennis Sherwood, Prefer to trade Audry Geiger, 430 40604 N. Kenosha Road, Zion, IL60099. STEREO WORLD, one complete set of origi- Sheffield Road, Ridgewood, NJ. 07450. COLLECT, TRADE, BUY & SELL: 19th Centu. nal issues from Vol. 1 #Ithru Vol. 12 #6. Will VlEWS OF TROY, OHIO and Mendocino purchase or trade your wants in stereo views. ry images (Cased, CDV,Cabinet & large County, California (Ukiah, Hopland, Willets, paper), Bill Lee, 8658s. Gladiator Way, sandy, Blaine E. Bryant, 864 Bridgton Rd., West- Fort Bragg, Elk, Point Arena, Covelo, Latton- brook, ME. 04092, (207) 854-4470. UT -. Specialties: Locomotives, ville, Leggett, others). Also Baseball, auto rat- photographers, Indians, Mining, J. wutt, EX. IDAHO stereographs by Frank Jay Haynes, ing. Describe or send on approval. Dan Allen, peditions, ships, Utah & Occupational. M.M. Hazeltine and O'Sullivan-Wheeler Sur- Box 784, Hopland, CA. 95449. vey Nos. 48,49 and 50. Maine stereographs WESTERN MARYLAND stereo views by BACK ISSUESOf World.Prefer to buy Bishop Brothers of Cumberland. Looking fol c. 1860-1875. Bruce Hooper, 3230 Meadow entire set or entire years. State quantit~lprice. Brook Dr., Flagstaff, AZ. 86004. cads and historical information on ~i~~~~ Also wanted: 3-D Movie magazines, View- Brothers. Send copies to Alice Bamp PIITSBURGH, Allegheny City, Allegheny, Pa, Master film insertion tool. Bruce Hansen, ton, 31 Pine Tree Drive, Audubon, PA. 19403 steel mills, steel making, highest prices paid. Box 89437, Honolulu, HI. 96830-9437. M. Chikiris, 530 E. Ohio St., Pittsburgh, PA. 15212, (412) 322-7207. WEST POINT stereographsor photos of the Custer statue and the Custer gravesite. Also, G.W. Pach stereos of West Point and New York. Dale Richards, 422 Knollwood Dr., Wheaton, IL 60187. UNDERWATER STEREO PHOTOGRAPHY. In- PRECISION FOLDING STEREO VIEWER formation about UNV stereo cameras, hous- For all standard ings for a Stereo Realist, UNV stereo tech- Realist 3D stereo slides. niques is gratefully appreciated. Steve Cook, Glass or cardboard 4607 Bedford Blvd., Wilmington, DE. 19803. mounted. Folds flat, GREECE All stereo views wanted. Also post weighs only 1 oz. cards and old ~hotos.Please send approvals I Prepaid minimum order or list. John arti in, 333 W. 56 PHA, New Yolk, $10.00. Add $1 .OO for NY. 10019. shipping and handling. GREAT BARRINOTON, Massachusetts views FREE CATALOG AVAILABLE. very much wanted. Also Egremont, Sheffield, m ORDER CALL TOLL FR Stockbridge, Van Deusenville, Monson, Mas- 800-223-6694 sachusetts. Gary Leveille, Box 562, Great Bar- MAJOR CREDIT CARDS ACCEPT rington, MA. 01230 or call collect (413) MINIMUM ORDER 520.00 528-5490. Thank you. TAYLOR MERCHANT CORP. 212 West 35th Street New York, NY 10001

STEREO WORLD March/April1989 39 May 14 (NJ) May 21 (IN) June 18 (CAI Second Sunday Camera Swap, South Bend Camera/Computer/ Buena Park Camera Swap Meet. Community Fire House #1, Parish Video Swap Meet, Century Center, (See May 21) Drive, Wayne, NJ. Contact Second South end, IN. Contact Roger L. June 18 Sunday Camera Swap, 19 Doremus Smith, Box 6486, South Bend, IN (IL) Chicagoland's Camera & Photo Lane, Wayne, NJ 07470. Call 46544. Call 219-256-6573. Show. (See Mav 21) 201-694-4580. May 27,28 (OH) May 14 (CA) Ohio Camera Collector's Society June 25 (CAI Ventura Camera Show & Sale, Har- 3rd Santa Monica Camera Show & Annual Camera Photofair, Parke bortown Marina Resort, 1050 Sale, Santa Monica Civic Auditori- Hotel, 900 Morse Rd., Columbus, Schooner Dr., Ventura, CA. Con- um. Contact Anton at Bargain Cam- OH. Contact John Durland, Box tact Anton at Bargain Camera Trade era Trade Shows, Box 5352, Santa 282, Columbus, OH 43216. Call Shows, Box 5352, Santa Monica, Monica, CA 90405. Call 614-885-3224. CA 90405. Call 213-396-9463 or 213-396-9463 or 213-578-7446. May 27 - June 4 (Germany) 1 213-578-7446. May 21 (Ont.) 1nte;national Stereoscopic Union - June 25 (VA) Photographic Historical Society of Congress, Berlin & Frankfurt, Ger- Barone Camera Swap Meet, Holi- Canada 15th annual Photographica many' (See page 461 Nov'/Dec '88 Fair, Leaside Memorial Gardens, Stereo World.) day Inn, (Crystal City) Ballroom, Arlington. Virginia. Contact Cam- 1073 Millwood Ave., Toronto, Ont. May 30 June 1 (Quebec) era s;ap ~eerc/oBarone & Co., Canada. Contact Mark Singer, c/o - International Conference on Three Box 18043, Oxon Hill, MD 20745. PHSOC, Box 115, Station S, Toron- Dimensional Media Technology, Call 703-768-2231. to, Ontario M5M 4L6 Canada. Call Grand Hotel, Montreal, Quebec 416-221-8888. (See Newviews, Jan. /Feb. '89 Stereo July 9 (NJ) May 21 (CA) World.) Second Sunday Camera Swap. (See Mav 14) Buena Park Camera Swap Meet, Se- , , June 4 (PA) July 15,16 (MI) quoia Club, 7530 Orangethorpe Delaware Valley Photographic Col- 6th Detroit Summer Photorama Ave., Buena Park, CA. Call lectors Association, Spring Show. 714-786-8183 or 714-786-6644. USA, Southfield Civic Center, George Washington Motor Lodge, Southfield, MI. Contact Photorama May 21 King of Prussia, PA. Contact (IL) USA, 20219 Mack Ave., Grosse Chicagoland's Camera and Photo DVPCA, Box 74, Delanco, NJ Pointe Woods, MI 48236. Call Show, Holiday Inn, 3405 Algonquin 08075. 313-884-2243. Rd., Rolling Meadows, IL. Contact June I1 (NJ) CCPS, Box 72695, Roselle, IL 60172. Second Sunday Camera Swap. (See July 16 (CAI Buena Park Camera Swap Meet. Call 312-894-2406. May 14) (See May 21) July 16 (IL) Chicagoland's Camera & Photo Show. (See May 21.) July 23 (OH) Photographic Historical Society of the Western Reserve, 18th Annual Photo Trade Fair, Holiday Inn, Strongsville, OH. Contact A1 Ba- nones, 196 W. Glendale Rd., Bed- ford, OH 44146. Call 216-232-1827. August 4 - 7 (OR) NSA Portland 89 - The 15th annual convention of the National Stereoscopic Association! Red Lion Inn Lloyd Center, Portland, OR. Fri- day through Monday. Contact NSA Portland 89, Box 10691, Portland, OR 97210. Call 503-771-4440. m

40 STEREO WORLD MarchlApril1989 4 'See the world in 3 dimensions w~ththe HOLLIES REPLICA STEREOVIEWER (U HIGH-QUALITY REPRODUCTIONS OF AUTHENTIC 19TH CENTURYAND EARLY 20TH CENTURY STEREOGRAPHS weat These reproductionsare of authentic stereoviews. The quality is 0 8 excellent: they will snap to life in a3D stereoviewer such as the *-c reproduction Holmes Stereoviewer that we offer. It? #l62 SAMPLE VIEWS. Subjects vary from comic t? reli- ' 5 g~ous.tragedy to transportation. childhood to Victorian rlsque. 2 the Olde West to famous people, etc. Great as a window into the (y stereo world of yesteryear. Only 56.95 for the entire set! >- Item #2.10 CARD-SAMPLER SET. An eclectic group of ten unrelated cards. Perfect to get the feel of stereo. $1.99 the set a, Item X3.20 CARD SAMPLER SET. 20 not necessarily related cards, taken from the sets descr~bedhere. Only 93.99 for the set! Item #4. BEACH SCENES end NIAGARA FALLS. 7 Victorian beach scenes and 6 view of Niagara Falls. Water, water every- whereand you can almost touch it 52.99 the set! W Item #5. CHRISTMAS. 15 views around the hearth, the tree, the home. See Santa, the gifts, theglowing faces of happy kiddies its all so seemingly real! Only $2.951 I ltern #20. REPLICA HOLMES STEREOVIEWER. A hiqh-qualitv re~roductionof1 0 the original Holmes vleher that could be found In mostparlors in t6e U.S. during A PHOTOGRAPHERS PLACE ltem #5a COMIC. 52 cards. hilarious in that they reveal an I thelater part of the 19th cenfurv. The lenses are hiah.arade ~lasticooticsand will I PO Box 274. Prince St.. attitudetoward l~fethatwasso filled w~thcontradtctions that many bring noirnal stereographs into breath-taking3-~ioc6s! comes eq;ipkd with a ordinary situations were made comical. 55.99! carved wood pedestal thatturns it intoa handsome tabletop viewer when desired: New York,'~~1001 2 ' 4 $62.95 (+ $3.50 for UPS shipping). Comes with set of ten sample reproduction ltem #6. The CIVIL WAR. 12 poignant photos of the wont war America ever fought History comes to life. $2.99 the set. views and copy of The Story of the Stereoscope. a $4 value, free! ORDER FORM Item #7. FAMOUS PEOPLE. 10 stereo photos that bring Lind- berg. Coolidge. Rockefeller. Black Jack Penhing, and 6 other The weirdest book we've ever VIEWMASTER AS ART!! NAME offered! 21 3d views on three reels, plus a notables to life! Only $1.99! DlABLERlES has Ship to Address; about 125 single views of those very nice viewer and a booklet by Item #9. NIAGARA FALLS. 12 cards of this natural wonder, so Jim Pomeroy on-his-tounge in life-like you could get wet viewing them! Only $2.99. devilish Satanic cards that were cheek works. PLUS another reel City State -Zip ltern #I1. RELIGIOUSSCENES. 18views made by photograph- a French rage at theturn of the Lu with seven full color animation stills Payment: enclosed or by visaor Mastercard ing miniature dolls arranged in Biblical scenes: the life of Christ century. Four pages of text is in of cartoon characters!Irs asuccess- - If credit card: No. Exp: I Nativity. etc. Our price is a miraculous 52.99!! French. We're selling with aset ful attempt merging creative photo- ltem #12. SATANIC. 9 reproductions of those weird French dia- of nine reproductions of actual graphic art concepts with a practi- Phone: (include Area Code) a boliques depicting Satan at work. $1.99 for the set! (full) cards at a sale price of cal 3Dviewing technique that really Ouant. Item # I Cost each . Description .Total cost Item #14. SENTIMENTAL 28 cards that are Victoriana sublime. $1 8.75, postpaid. shows 3D! $1 6 +$3 shipping. MINIMUM~ORDER,$15 please 4 Corny. unbelievable. replete with contrived situations; young I love idyllic, moments musicale. etc. S4.99! STEREO BOOKS! STEREO BOOKS! STEREO BOOKS!

Item #15. TABLE TOP PHOTOS. 12 cards. Dolls and scenes of ltem #28. ON THE STUMP: TEDDY ROOSEVELT IN STEREOGRAPHS.- . From. .. . the.. . - strange places. Weird! Weirder still is our 51.99 bargain price. sameseries as El Dorado. Brigandi-TheOrtentviewed. Fine reproductionsofstere- ographs detailing the Rough Riders toughest campaign $9.95, postpaid! a Ultem #16. UNIQUE IMAGES. 19cards that are each a one-of-a- kind image: in a word, unique. Uniquely priced: $2.99! ltem #29. THE PRICE GUIDE TO PHOTOGRAPHIC CARDS.1982 price guide 13 cards. Demeaning to women, but from England. attempts to evaluate stereo cards. Contams lots of reference 0 Item #18. WOMENS LIB. material and is profusely illustrated. 132 pages. We offer it postpaid at $10.74. part and parcel of our common culture. Worth having. 52.49. SPECIAL OFFER BUY ANY FIVE SETS AND TAKE ONE ltem #30. RETURN TO EL DORADO, ACentury of California Photographs. Forty DOLLAR OFF THE COST OF ANY OTHER SET! fquality reproductions with commentary and viewing glasses. $9.95, postpaid! Please add .75e per set for S&H. 0 ltem #31. THE STEREO IMAGE IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY by Dieter USE THE ADVANCE REBATE PLAN AND SAVE ON SHIPPING Lorenr An anaglyph book from Germany. in English, with viewing glasses I COSTS! (SEE ORDER FORM). showing the uses of 3D in a widevariety of circumstances-scientific. technical. mi- Item #26. STEREO VIEWER LENSES, ONE PAIR. Two wedge croscopy. etc. 112 pages. spiral bound. Weve imported it $25.49 postpaid. UPS OR INSURANCE FEE $2.50 shaped lenses In Integral 1 1/2' square frames. These are the a Item #32. STEREO PHOTOGRAPHY bv Fritz Waack A thorouahlv technical vat Of Order: I same high-quality plast~clenses used in the replica Holmes practicalapproach to modern stereo ~hdtogra~h~.including ior&ny-&;n;' Less: Advance rebate credit Stereoviewer sold nationally for $60 or 570. $7.95 the pair, post- you can make. There is nothing else available like it! $14.20 postpaid. paid. (1st Class mail.) New York Orders: Add appropriate tax: < ltem #33. STEREOKAMERAS VON 1940 BIS 1984 by Werner Weiser. Complete TOTAL COST OF ORDER: roundup of stereo cameras marketed for period indicated. It covers 42 different modelswith photosand technical details. Originally in German. we've included an English translation plus a current price guide. $23.20 postpaid. / -rcaa~c > ILnlvla Item #34.3D PAST AND PRESENT by Wim van Keulen. Beautifulh, oroduced with ( \ many fullcolor illustrations. The real thrill comes with the three ~rew~asterreels ALL shipments are UPS within the contiguous states. Box that add an exciting dimension to this illuminating history. $20.29 postpaid. by 48 number, Hawaii, Puerto Riuco, Alaska addresses, etc., are STEW. THE WORLD OF STEREOGRAPHS by Bill Danah. Adefinitive book on shi~~edbv insured mail. Canadian orders are shi~~edbv Insured I stereo, it covers history and practice, and details the scope of collectible view. Air'~ail~Hrce~ Post only- wrtite for shipping cosis. Darrah is considered the major U.S. authority on the subject: this book is his most THE ADVANCE REBATE PLAN outstanding achievement Were offering signed copies at 926.55 postpaid! was devjsedto refund excess shipping fees, does not apply to foreign STER37. THE WORLD OF 3D byJac Ferwerda. (2nd edition). The mostcomplete orders. To figure your credit; deducts1 from your total bill for any three and definitive book available on Stereo in all its practical aspects from seeing items ordered, $2 for five itms, and .%for each additional item. taking, and producing. Coven historical, as well as current contemporary meth: \ ods. Published in Holland. in English. $41.55 postpaid! R.D. Crum, No. l., "PortalCascade, Havana Glen." CA 1870. From "Havana Glen, The Forgotten Natural Wonder" the feature on page four by Donald K. Weber and Brandt Rowles.