DOCSLIB.ORG

Look Who's Talking: Bipartite Networks As Representations of A

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Look Who's Talking: Bipartite Networks As Representations of A Look Who's Talking: Bipartite Networks as Representations of a Topic Model of New Zealand Parliamentary Speeches Ben Curran, Kyle Higham, Elisenda Ortiz, Demival Vasques Filho COMPASS seminar, October 16, 2017 1/16 Outline 1 Introduction Motivation Background 2 Methods & data Dataset Topic modeling Bipartite networks 3 Results Verbosity Topics evolution Network analysis 4 Conclusions 2/16 Motivation • Lack of quantitative methods to measure the participation to parliamentary debate and discourse of elected Members of Parliament (MPs). • To develop an exploratory study for a quantitative analysis of politics, using parliamentary speeches and based on topic modeling and network analysis. 3/16 Background • Two-party era for most of the 20th century: National (right-leaning) and Labour (left-leaning). • Adoption of mixed-member proportional (MMP) system in 1996: smaller parties join. • Smaller parties balancing the power. • Four terms were analyzed: 2002-2005, 2005-2008, 2008-2011, 2011-2014. • Government transition in period analyzed: Labour (2002-2008) and National (2008-). 4/16 Dataset • New Zealand Hansard database - speeches, • more than 150 words long, • about 48,000 speeches. • nearly 40 million words 3000 Threshold of 150 words long speeches 2000 Frequency 1000 0 0 500 1000 1500 2000 Speech size (numbe of words) 5/16 0.06 0.04 Proportion 0.02 0.00 Tax Crime Drugs Budget Finance Housing Economy Transport Legislation EducationCanterbury Healthcare GovernmentDevelopment Environment Employment Law and orderSocial welfare Foreign affairs Local government Prima industries Topic modeling 6/16 Bipartite networks Jeanette Fitzsimons David Parker John Key Amy Adams John Key Louise Upston Amy Adams David Parker Jeanette Fitzsimons Louise Upston 7/16 Verbosity National 5.0 Labour Green others 2.5 Word (millions) 0.0 47th 48th 49th 50th Parliament 8/16 Topics evolution All parties National All parties National 0.072 0.072 0.072 0.072 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.024 0.024 Topic proportion 0.024 0.024 Topic proportion 0 0 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016 Year Year Year Year Foreign affairs Justice Economy Development Environment Housing Canterbury Transport Labour Greens Labour Greens 0.072 0.072 0.072 0.12 0.048 0.08 0.048 0.048 0.024 0.04 0.024 0.024 Topic proportion Topic proportion 0 0 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016 Year Year Year Year 9/16 Networks 47th 48th 75 158 113 17 28 85 52 197 130 198 199 17 218 118 61 152 82 76 10355 49 121 108 32 229 156 50 185 26 42 33 88211 53 221 84 90 104 81 216 125 224 227 54 195 38 99 132 10 92 53 171 107 209 137 167 154 105 230 230 115 203 204 117 96 163201 95 118 31 57 215 15 12 66 148 134 139 87 171 21 101 147 28 209 40 176 225 182 130 210154 155 82 180 138 187 106 195 188 25 153 62 47 43 161 156 202 62 210 128 10 166 190 43229 16312 181 213 158 88 85 79 5 122 52 2 42 198 11 139 75 204 119 87 45 95 203 211 92 3 70 191 90 166 177 79 128101 202 179 93 45 197 109 187 23 151 207 206 189 201 104 119 22 155 124 663 221 140 24 32 225 68 84 228 47 39 23 168 205 5 8 22 31 216 40 71 106 127 99 98 173 74 206 93 125 162 180 121 190 48105 226 175 20 74 157 189 29 113 123 193 81 15 Mana 153 138 146 143 109 55 33 199 185 108 123 152 159 Labour 200 122 188 39 29 98 Progressive Greens ACT Maori 49th National 50th United Future 48 80 98 8 50 33 1 227 199 First 184 50 186 94 123 229 36 208 126 189 138 176 198 172 88 63 66 211 175 67 6 153 85223 120193 123 57 23 162 13 30 51 210 174 200 165 40200 118 74 148150 37 185 39 162 19 41 196 102 192 16 27 206 226 133179 59 14 14826 9 212 107 36 5 83 214 195 121 216 73 166110 81 91 141 157 131 93 76 184 219 114 76 173 21 38 60 194 144 39 219 197 222 115 18 151 73 15831 29 126 224 64 40 60 91 143 97 209 156 178 211 1974 43 57 77 183 86 105 173 66 58 160 101 86 21 56 210 105 150 198 226 102 213 32 224 72 175 141 151 111107 134 116 64 174 185 225 89 130 85 157 26 44 46 136 129 201225 134 214 115 17 13 25 79 7 89190 38 63 59 118 132 88 79 217 165 183 34 164 142 206 58 110 78 28 92 172 133 6 33 178 179 10 23 170156 42 10 193 145 131 169 41 25 176 16 72 202 153 43 166 213 20 109 116 132 209 56 97 48 186 112 8 180 138 227 190 135 65 145 5213620315 197 35 121 10/16 Degree distributions 10 47th 48th 49th 50th 5 Frequency 0 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 Numbe of pe topic 50 47th 48th 49th 50th 25 Frequency 0 0 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 4 Numbe of topi of interest pe MP 40 47th 48th 49th 50th 20 Frequency 0 0 20 40 60 0 20 40 60 0 20 40 60 0 20 40 60 connectivity 11/16 MPs and average degree Term National Labour Greens others 47th 26 52 8 19 48th 48 50 7 16 49th 58 47 11 11 50th 61 39 14 11 35 All MPs National Labour Green 25 others 15 Average degree 47th 48th 49th 50th Parliament 12/16 Party homophily Empirical network 0.10 Configuration model 0.05 Homophily 0.00 −0.05 47th 48th 49th 50th Parliament 13/16 Communities National 40 Labour Green others 30 20 Numbe of MPs 10 0 47th 48th 49th 50th Parliament 14/16 Conclusions • More verbosity since 2008, coinciding with financial crisis and change in government. • Opposition party tends to be more verbose in parliament. • Topic trends: housing (from 2013), Canterbury (from 2011), economy (from 2008). • Topic preferences: environment (Green) and economy (National). • More heterogeneity of topics of interest over time. • Increasing homophily (MPs sharing more interests within their parties). • Formation of big National community - party cohesion once in government, different behavior than when Labour was in government. • Influence of small parties are reducing over time. 15/16 Thank you! Questions? 16/16.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • New Zealand: Background and Bilateral Relations with the United States Name Redacted Specialist in Asian Affairs
    New Zealand: Background and Bilateral Relations with the United States name redacted Specialist in Asian Affairs June 29, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R44552 New Zealand: Background and Bilateral Relations with the United States Summary New Zealand is a close partner of the United States and welcomes a U.S. presence in the Asia- Pacific region. New Zealand and the United States engage each other across a broad spectrum of policy areas, including countering Islamist extremism, South Pacific regional issues, intelligence cooperation, the Trans- Pacific Partnership (TPP), and Antarctica. Issues for Congress related to New Zealand, therefore, include oversight and appropriations related to international security cooperation, counterterrorism (CT) and countering violent extremism (CVE), intelligence cooperation among the so-called “Five Eyes” nations, which include New Zealand, and TPP. U.S.–New Zealand ties are bolstered by shared cultural traditions and values as well as on common interests. New Zealand is a stable and active democracy that supports liberalizing trade in the Asia-Pacific region. New Zealand also has a history of fighting alongside the United States in major conflicts including World War I, World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. New Zealand is a regular contributor to international peace and stability operations and has contributed troops to fight militant Islamists in Afghanistan, where New Zealand had a Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT) in Bamiyan Province, and more recently in Iraq where it is training Iraqi military personnel. As a small nation, New Zealand supports a rules based international order, collective approaches to promote stability and the peaceful resolution of disputes.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 NEWS Colmar Brunton Poll 22 – 26 May 2021
    1 NEWS Colmar Brunton Poll 22 – 26 May 2021 Attention: Television New Zealand Contact: (04) 913-3000 Release date: 27 May 2021 Level One 46 Sale Street, Auckland CBD PO Box 33690 Takapuna Auckland 0740 Ph: (09) 919-9200 Level 9, Legal House 101 Lambton Quay PO Box 3622, Wellington 6011 Ph: (04) 913-3000 www.colmarbrunton.co.nz Contents Contents .......................................................................................................................................................... 1 Methodology summary ................................................................................................................................... 2 Summary of results .......................................................................................................................................... 3 Key political events ................................................................ .......................................................................... 4 Question order and wording ............................................................................................................................ 5 Party vote ........................................................................................................................................................ 6 Preferred Prime Minister ................................................................................................................................. 8 Public Sector wage freeze .............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Transcript of Prime Minister John Key's Speech to the Canterbury Employers' Chamber of Commerce Function, 2Nd July 2015. Good
    A transcript of Prime Minister John Key's speech to the Canterbury Employers' Chamber of Commerce function, 2nd July 2015. Good afternoon. Thank you Peter for that warm welcome and for the Chamber's hosting of this event. It's good to see so many of you here today. Can I start by acknowledging Mayor Lianne Dalziel and other local body representatives from around the region. Just as central government has to make some tough decisions and trade-offs, so too do councils as we work together to rebuild this city. Together, we're making significant progress. Although, of course, there is still much to do. I'd also like to acknowledge my ministerial colleagues Gerry Brownlee, Amy Adams and Nicky Wagner. Gerry has provided strong leadership in overseeing what continues to be one of New Zealand's largest and most complex undertakings. Most recently he has been turning his mind to where we go following the expiry of the special earthquake recovery laws next April. I'll have some more to say about that in a few minutes. As we've said before, the estimated cost of the rebuild is around $40 billion. As a proportion of the economy, this makes it one of the most expensive natural disasters in the developed world. So thanks to all of you here who have worked so hard since the first earthquake in September 2010. I want to start today by talking about the economy and the significant contribution Canterbury makes to it. A strong and growing economy allows us to provide essential public services like hospitals and schools, and support our most vulnerable families.
    [Show full text]
  • Issue 34 June 2009
    Issue 34 July 2009 AgScience Inside President's au revoir Primary Growth Partnership Passion for wool The New Zealand Institute of Agricultural & Horticultural Science Inc John Lancashire AgHort talking President Comment Au Revoir But Not Goodbye It is traditional to dwell on successes CROWN RESEARCH system with an advisory committee when leaving a position and as this is my INSTITUTES including working scientists. The MoRST last AgHort Talking as President I will Your Institute (and others ) has campaigned priorities for the 2009/2010 include follow this route, but will not forget the for many years for a serious look at the improving the science system so that failures. way the CRIs have developed. The lack of scientists can "spend more time at the Fortuitously there has been some good a proper oversight of their public good bench" (and presumably in the paddock). news for the primary sector and science in role, which is actually enshrined in the recent weeks. CRI Act, resulting in an over-emphasis on THE FUTURE commercial activities, has driven the There are still disappointments, of course. BUDGET Institutes to short-term work and The lack of some sort of inflation proofing Despite some carping from traditional consultancies in an attempt to pay the for long-term funded research is ridiculous sources the budget represents government government a dividend. The recent as over a 12 year period, say, much of the confidence in the primary sector with government decision to lift the required funding will have disappeared. The some real, if small, extra allocations in dividend to 9% does not suggest that a dropping of tax credits for R&D does not tough economic times.
    [Show full text]
  • Foreign Trust Inquiry Information Release
    The Treasury Foreign Trust Inquiry Information Release Release Document July 2016 www.treasury.govt.nz/publications/reviews-consultation/foreign-trust-disclosure-rules Key to sections of the Official Information Act 1982 under which information has been withheld. Certain information in this document has been withheld under one or more of the following sections of the Official Information Act, as applicable: to prevent prejudice to the security or defence of New Zealand or the international [1] 6(a) relations of the government [2] to protect the privacy of natural persons, including deceased people 9(2)(a) to maintain the current constitutional conventions protecting the confidentiality of advice [3] 9(2)(f)(iv) tendered by ministers and officials to maintain the effective conduct of public affairs through the free and frank expression [4] 9(2)(g)(i) of opinions that the making available of the information requested would be contrary to the [5] 18(c)(i) provisions of a specified enactment [the Tax Administration Act 1994] Where information has been withheld, a numbered reference to the applicable section of the Official Information Act has been made, as listed above. For example, a [2] appearing where information has been withheld in a release document refers to section 9(2)(a). In preparing this Information Release, the Treasury has considered the public interest considerations in section 9 and section 18 of the Official Information Act. Treasury:3534443v1 From: Jessica Rowe <[email protected]> Sent: Thursday, 14 April 2016 12:59
    [Show full text]
  • China's Political Influence Activities Under Xi Jinping Professor
    Magic Weapons: China's political influence activities under Xi Jinping Professor Anne-Marie Brady Global Fellow, Wilson Center, Washington, DC; Department of Political Science and International Relations University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand In September 2014 Xi Jinping gave a speech on the importance of united front work— political influence activities—calling it one of the CCP’s “magic weapons”. The Chinese government’s foreign influence activities have accelerated under Xi. China’s foreign influence activities have the potential to undermine the sovereignty and integrity of the political system of targeted states. Conference paper presented at the conference on “The corrosion of democracy under China’s global influence,” supported by the Taiwan Foundation for Democracy, and hosted in Arlington, Virginia, USA, September 16-17, 2017. Key points: • CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping is leading an accelerated expansion of political influence activities worldwide. • The expansion of these activities is connected to both the CCP government’s domestic pressures and foreign agenda. • The paper creates a template of the policies and modes of China’s expanded foreign influence activities in the Xi era. • The paper uses this template to examine the extent to which one representative small state, New Zealand, is being targeted by China’s new influence agenda. Executive Summary In June 2017 the New York Times and The Economist featured stories on China's political influence in Australia. The New York Times headline asked "Are Australia's Politics too Easy to Corrupt?,"1 while The Economist sarcastically referred to China as the "Meddle Country."2 The two articles were reacting to an investigation by Fairfax Media and ABC into the extent of China's political interference in Australia,3 that built on internal enquiries into the same issue by ASIO and Australia's Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet in 2015 and 2016.
    [Show full text]
  • What Makes a Good Prime Minister of New Zealand? | 1 Mcguinness Institute Nation Voices Essay Competition
    NATION VOICES ESSAY COMPETITION What makes a good About the author Brad is studying towards a BCom/ Prime Minister of BA majoring in Economics, Public Policy, International New Zealand? Relations and Political Science. He is a 2016 Brad Olsen Queen’s Young Leader for New Zealand after his work with territorial authorities, central government organizations and NGOs. He’s passionate about youth voice and youth participation in wider society. Leadership is a complex concept, necessitating vast amounts of patience, determination, and passion to work with others towards a position of improvement in the chosen field of expertise or service. Leaders not only bear the burden of setting the direction of actions or inactions for their team, but are also often accountable to stakeholders, with varying degrees of accountability and size of the cohort to which a leader is accountable. However, there is no more complex job in existence than the leadership of a country like New Zealand — this burden falls squarely on the Prime Minister, in charge of policy both foreign and domestic, all the while totally accountable to each and every citizen in his or her realm. Unsurprisingly, some make a better fist of it than others, with the essence of this good leadership a highly sought commodity. Three areas are critical to ensuring a Prime Minister can effectively lead — a measurement of how ‘good’ they are at their job — these fall under the umbrellas of political, social, and economic leadership ability. Politically, Prime Ministers must have foreign credibility, alongside the ability to form a cohesive support team. Socially a Prime Minster must not only recognize and promote popular ideas, but must also be relatable in part to the people.
    [Show full text]
  • News | ACT New Zealand
    JOIN DONATE VOLUNTEER SUBSCRIBE LOG IN SEARCH HOME PRINCIPLES POLICIES NEWS EVENTS CONFERENCE CONTACT NEWS AUTHORS Message from Hon John Boscawen, ACT Party President JOHN BOSCAWEN / NEWSLETTER Dear Friend 4 DEC 2013 10:04AM COMMENTS Today, Hon John Banks, MP for Epsom and leader of ACT, has announced that he will TYPES not be seeking re-election in the 2014 General Election. John has decided, after 36 years of public service, that it is time for him to spend more time on his family and his Blog Press Release private business interests. In the meantime, John will continue as the MP for Epsom and Leader of ACT. Chinese Speech Newsletter Submission Newspaper Article Vote Parliamentary Debate As part of its candidate selection process for general elections, the Board of ACT will shortly be opening nominations for candidates to stand for ACT in the 2014 General Election. We have a number of very talented potential candidates and we expect to name our key candidates, including a new candidate for Epsom, by the time of our TOPICS annual conference in early March. ACC Local Government Broadcasting Maori Affairs Commerce Minimum wage The seat of Epsom has been held by an ACT MP since 2005, and we believe those MPs have served Epsom and New Zealand well. Since 2008, ACT has supported the Consumer Affairs Partnership Schools John Key lead National coalition government in providing stable centre right Crime And Justice Primary And Secondary government to New Zealand. The importance of this has been recognised by the Defence Education voters of Epsom, who have continued to elect an ACT MP throughout this time.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Leadership—Perspectives and Practices
    Public Leadership Perspectives and Practices Public Leadership Perspectives and Practices Edited by Paul ‘t Hart and John Uhr Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at: http://epress.anu.edu.au/public_leadership _citation.html National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Public leadership pespectives and practices [electronic resource] / editors, Paul ‘t Hart, John Uhr. ISBN: 9781921536304 (pbk.) 9781921536311 (pdf) Series: ANZSOG series Subjects: Leadership Political leadership Civic leaders. Community leadership Other Authors/Contributors: Hart, Paul ‘t. Uhr, John, 1951- Dewey Number: 303.34 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design by John Butcher Images comprising the cover graphic used by permission of: Victorian Department of Planning and Community Development Australian Associated Press Australian Broadcasting Corporation Scoop Media Group (www.scoop.co.nz) Cover graphic based on M. C. Escher’s Hand with Reflecting Sphere, 1935 (Lithograph). Printed by University Printing Services, ANU Funding for this monograph series has been provided by the Australia and New Zealand School of Government Research Program. This edition © 2008 ANU E Press John Wanna, Series Editor Professor John Wanna is the Sir John Bunting Chair of Public Administration at the Research School of Social Sciences at The Australian National University. He is the director of research for the Australian and New Zealand School of Government (ANZSOG).
    [Show full text]
  • Simon Lusk's Plan
    CHAPTER 5 SIMON LUSK’S PLAN Simon Lusk had been watching US Republican politics for years and looking for ideas that were applicable to New Zealand. Gradually he put together a plan to move the country’s politics to the right. He laid this out in conver- sations with his close political allies and in a three-page strategy paper that was never intended to be made public. The plan was practical and methodical. The idea was to target candidate selection processes in safe National seats, installing a rump of hard right candi- dates who would influence politics for many years to come. Suitable candidates could also be found and trained for local government elections. At the same time, a pool of younger people would be identified, cultivated and guided into right-wing politics. Each of these groups would be managed and supported by professional strategy advisers, notably Lusk himself. Such figures were familiar in US politics but not in New Zealand. Lusk was also well aware, from his American observations, that the single greatest advantage of right-wing parties and candidates was their ability to greatly outspend their opponents with support from wealthy and corporate donors. Fundraising was central to the plan. Next, the right could dominate the media by the dominance of right-wing blogs: ‘the right currently controls the blogosphere,’ he wrote, ‘and political journalists repeat much of what appears on blogs.’ The blogs were part of the second track of politics available for ‘black ops’ and nega- tive campaigning. Finally, his plan involved ‘weakening the power of those who believe in big government’, meaning deliberate strategies and tactics to margin- alise anyone, even within the National Party itself, who did not hold hard right views.
    [Show full text]
  • Download PDF
    Agenda • Acknowledgements and apologies • The year in review • Meetings • Financial performance • Key priorities • Communications • Appointment and remuneration of auditors • Your questions Apologies Rt Hon John Key, Prime Minister Rt Hon Winston Peters, Leader of NZ First Hon Simon Bridges, Minister of Energy and Resources Len Brown, Mayor Michael Stiassny, Vector Chairman Peter Bird, Vector Director Bob Thomson, Vector Director Peter Guise, Staples Rodway Kath Bolton, Project Manager John Yeabsley, NZIER Della Selby, Computershare 2014-15 in review AECT Beneficiaries - 6 Year Trend 320,000 319,500 318,000 316,320 316,000 314,104 314,000 312,700 312,000 310,556 Number of Beneficiaries 310,000 309,556 308,000 306,000 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Years Meetings Full Trust Regulation & Communications & Finance & Risk Strategy Dividend William Cairns Chairman 13 9 2 2 Warren Kyd Deputy Chairman 13 8 2 2 Michael Buczkowski 13 4 2 2 Chair: Finance & Risk James Carmichael Chair: Communications 13 9 2 2 & Dividend Karen Sherry Chair: Regulation & 12 9 2 2 Strategy Financial performance • 2014-15 financial statements are approved • Independent auditors have issued an unqualified audit opinion • Income has increased due to increase in Vector dividend Income Received 5 Year Trend 120.00 115.00 110.00 $ Millions $ 105.00 100.00 95.00 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Years Dividend Income Interest Income Expenditure – 5 Year Trend 4.50 4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00 S Millions S 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Distributions Operations Projects
    [Show full text]
  • Brief on India-New Zealand Relations
    Brief on India-New Zealand Relations India and New Zealand have cordial and friendly relations rooted in the linkages of Commonwealth, parliamentary democracy and the English language. The two countries have been fellow travelers in their commitment to disarmament, global peace, North-South Dialogue, human rights, ecological preservation and combating international terrorism. People-to-people contacts have been in focus since migration from India to this country began at the turn of the last century, and a sizeable population of Indian origin (estimated about 175,000) has made New Zealand its permanent home. Tourism and sporting links, particularly in cricket, hockey and mountaineering, have played a significant role in fostering goodwill between the two countries. Bilateral relations were established in 1952 between India and New Zealand. NZ has identified India as a priority country in its “Opening Doors to India” policy notified in October 2011 which was reiterated by NZ in 2015. Visit of Prime Minister of New Zealand to India: Prime Minister John Key paid a state visit to India from October 25-27, 2016. He was accompanied by a large business delegation. Besides details delegation level talks led by the two Prime Ministers, NZ PM called on Hon‟ble President of India. The two sides signed agreements on food safety and on cooperation in the field of youth affairs and sports. The two sides also finalized amendment to the Treaty on Avoidance of Double Taxation. In addition, it was decided to establish a ministerial dialogue, annual Foreign Ministry consultations and a dialogue on cyber crisis. Visit of Hon’ble President of India to New Zealand: Hon‟ble President of India paid a State visit to New Zealand from April 30 to May 2, 2016.
    [Show full text]