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Poster Session WP3 11:15 - 12:00 Wednesday, 28Th April, 2021 Presentation Type Poster Poster Session WP3 11:15 - 12:00 Wednesday, 28th April, 2021 Presentation type Poster 45 minutes individual presenter Q&A WP3.01 Single asperity sliding abrasion testing of bulk metals and coatings Michiel Corryn, Haithem Ben Hamouda, Ansbert De Cleene ArcelorMittal Global R&D Gent, Belgium Abstract Single asperity sliding abrasion testing, also known as scratch testing, is commonly used to gain fundamental knowledge of wear processes. Such processes are often complicated to analyze or reproduce in the context of material testing. Therefore, reducing the complexity to the point of single contact is a repeatable way to characterize material behaviour. This is mainly due to the limited number of parameters to control (indentation force, speed and indenter geometry). In this paper, scratch testing will be combined with several in-situ techniques to obtain as much data as possible from one test. This will be illustrated in two case studies: producing a wear mechanism map for bulk materials, and ranking metallic coatings by their scratch resistance. A selection of bulk materials was scratched with a series of scratches using an increasing normal load. Inline microscopy in combination with full 3D scratch topography allowed to examine wear mechanism, scratch depth and scratch width. As such a wear mechanisms map was made that plots the observed wear mechanisms in function of the material hardness and the degree of penetration of the scratch. This demonstrated the difference in behaviour across different load levels per material. Coatings can be analyzed with a scratch test as well to assess the adhesion and cohesion of a coating. Here a linear increasing load is applied across the scratch to find the critical point at which the coating starts to fail. It can be tricky however to pinpoint this after the test due to severe damage to the coating. The combination of Acoustic Emission-analysis and inline microscopy allow for an exact determination of the critical loads. As such different coatings can be ranked accordingly. Keywords abrasion wear mechanism wear test scratch test WP3.02 Combined effect of abrasive particle size distribution and ball material on the wear coefficient in micro-scale abrasive wear tests Pâmella Esteves1, Vanessa Seriacopi2, Marcelo de Macêdo3, Roberto Souza1, Cherlio Scandian3 1Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. 2Instituto Mauá de Tecnologia, Brazil. 3Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Brazil Abstract Micro-abrasive wear tests were carried out to analyze the combined effect of abrasive particle size distribution and ball material on the wear coefficient. Different particle size distributions were obtained by mixing different fractions of two silicon carbide (SiC) abrasive powders, having average particle sizes of 6.0 μm and 14.4 μm. Tests were conducted using two different normal loads, 0.2 and 0.4 N, AISI 1020 steel samples and balls made of AISI 52100 martensitic steel, AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel, polyurethane rubber and zirconia-alumina. Worn surfaces were analyzed with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and by optical profilometry, allowing detection of wear modes (“rolling abrasion” or “grooving abrasion”). Results have indicated that a change in ball material, with consequential modification in the ratio between the hardness of the body and the counter- body, enabled different behaviors of the wear coefficient with the variation of the granulometric distribution. Such differences are due to the ability of the particles to be embedded and dragged into contact. When using balls made of AISI 52100 martensitic steel and AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel, the lowest wear coefficients were mainly obtained with the mixture with 50% and 20%, in mass, of the powder with the largest average particle diameter, respectively. The use of a highly elastic polyurethane rubber ball resulted in no change in the wear coefficient with the different powder mixtures. On the other hand, with zirconia-alumina balls, an increase in the wear coefficient was observed with the increase of the mass fraction of the powder with the largest abrasive particle size. Keywords Micro-scale abrasion Particle size distribution Ball material Wear coefficient WP3.03 Investigation of flexural strength and abrasion resistance improvement by using micron size glass beads and alumina nanoparticles reinforcement of epoxy matrix Dorina Mihut, Arash Afshar, David Carter, Gregory Baker, Nicholas Cordista Mercer University, USA Abstract Epoxy based composite materials are widely used in many fields including aerospace, automotive industry and marine applications due to their good mechanical properties and low weight. The current research is investigating the effects of using glass beads micron size particles (9-13 micrometer) or alumina nanometer size particles (50 nm) as epoxy matrix reinforcements on the mechanical properties. Samples were produces using 0, 5, 10 and 15 % glass beads or similar percentages alumina nanoparticles that were well dispersed in the epoxy matrix. The degree of dispersion was evaluated using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Some of the samples were then exposed to standardized accelerated weathering tests (cycles of UV radiation, high temperature and moisture) using a Q-Lab QUV equipment. The effects of the glass beads and alumina nanoparticles epoxy embedment was explored by conducting standardized flexural tests (Mark-10 tensile testing equipment) and abrasion tests (Taber abrasion tester equipment). Similar tests were performed on samples exposed to harsh environmental conditions. Different models were developed to theoretically describe the mechanical behavior of the epoxy composites. It was observed that flexural strength performance was not enhanced by the introduction of glass beads or alumina nanoparticles. However, the abrasion resistance was improved by using both materials with higher improvement observed in the case of alumina nanoparticles. Keywords Epoxy based composites glass beads microparticles alumina nanoparticles weathering test WP3.04 Biological lubrication at articulating cartilage in moderate risk domain: PRG4/HA starved diffusion Pankaj Tomar IGDTUW/GGSIPU, India Abstract SARS-COV-2 pandemic outbreak reinforced cognitive load for innovation at science policy humanity interface to mend acquaintance with nature for synergistic general health. Diversity of biology, gender diversity, cultural diversity viz. Nutrition, lifestyle, rational expended energy, psychosocial parameters prevent degradation of extracellular matrix at boundary lubrication regime. PRG4, HA, and ECM are the building blocks of lubrication regimes under operating conditions inherently regulate palpable interfacial antifriction. Synovial lubrication is shear thickning phenomenon profoundly under elevated speed adequate lubricant is pumped at articulating joint for integrity of cartilage. The paper carried mechanism and mechanics of starved biological lubrication, descriptive literature, L4-L5 sketches of a subject, academic survey of leading hospitals with perception of fundamental causes for surgery, and chemistry of fuel oxidation. Keywords ECM Oxidation Boundary lubrication Biomechanical WP3.05 Characterization of wear debris components from carbon-carbon composite brakes Matthew Noor1,2, Peter Filip1, Yanmei Piao3, Angela Hight Walker2, Jeffrey Fagan2, Neil Murdie4 1Southern Illinois University, USA. 2National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA. 3Honeywell International, USA. 4Honeywell International,, USA Abstract Carbon-carbon (C-C) composites are often used as friction and brake materials due to their high strength, low density, excellent frictional properties, high thermal conductivity and high heat capacity. When worn, C-C composites produce particulate wear debris. The fine wear debris particles then form a layer on the wear surface, known as a friction film layer, which has the potential to change the overall frictional performance of the system. The size, shape and chemistry of these wear debris particles and friction layers can give information about the mechanisms of wear in the composite and the effects of temperature, humidity, oxidation and other chemical modifications that can occur depending on the wear environment. However, this analysis is rather difficult to perform due to the wide range of particle size, from small primary particles to large aggregates. The chemical and material similarities of the carbon fiber and matrix further complicates decoupling the effects of the different components of wear debris on performance. This research explores particle separation and characterization techniques to obtain information about the C-C wear process. The principle technique for particle separation is density gradient ultra-centrifugation (DGU) in which fibrous and matrix-rich particles are separated based on their density. Orthogonal analysis with Raman and UV-vis spectroscopy, optical and electron microscopy, and X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy can then be made on separated aliquots. Understanding the properties of the wear particles and friction film gives information about the wear process and can help inform future design and material considerations. Keywords Carbon-Carbon Composite Wear Debris Characterization WP3.06 Dry sliding wear behavior of Fe-Cr-C-B hardfacing alloy modified with nano-CeO2 Junfeng Gou1, You Wang2, Chaohui Wang3, Yongkang Zhang1, Guan Wang1 1Guangdong University of Technology, China. 2Harbin Institute of Technology, China. 3Qiqihar university,
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