Miocene–Recent Evolution of the Western Antalya Basin and Its Linkage with the Isparta Angle, Eastern Mediterranean

See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259912047 Miocene–Recent evolution of the western Antalya Basin and its linkage with the Isparta Angle, eastern Mediterranean Article in Marine Geology · March 2014 DOI: 10.2015/j.margeo.2013.12.009 CITATIONS READS 0 2,210 6 authors, including: Jeremy Hall H. King Memorial University of Newfoundland Geological Survey of Canada 133 PUBLICATIONS 3,102 CITATIONS 8 PUBLICATIONS 59 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Cenk YALTIRAK Istanbul Technical University 255 PUBLICATIONS 2,579 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: 3D Structure and deformation history of the Sea of Marmara View project North Aegean Active Tectonics View project All content following this page was uploaded by Cenk YALTIRAK on 19 December 2020. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Marine Geology 349 (2014) 1–23 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Marine Geology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/margeo Miocene–Recent evolution of the western Antalya Basin and its linkage with the Isparta Angle, eastern Mediterranean J. Hall a,⁎, A.E. Aksu a, H. King a, A. Gogacz a,C.Yaltırak b, G. Çifçi c a Department of Earth Sciences, Centre for Earth Resources Research, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3X5, Canada b Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Mines Istanbul Technical University, Ayazağa, Istanbul 34426, Turkey c Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Dokuz Eylül University, Haydar Aliyev Caddesi No: 10, İnciraltı, İzmir 35340, Turkey article info abstract Article history: Interpretation of ~9500 km of multichannel seismic reflection profiles showed the presence of two major tectonic Received 26 July 2013 histories in western Antalya Basin, spanning from the Miocene (or older) to the Pliocene–Quaternary. A prominent Received in revised form 11 December 2013 fold–thrust belt affects the Miocene succession in the offshore. The thrusts swing from a NW–SE strike, with SW Accepted 16 December 2013 vergence, in the northeast of the mapped area to a more northerly strike, with westerly vergence at the western Available online 31 December 2013 shelf edge of the deep basin. The Miocene deformation appears to continue offshore from the westerly-directed Communicated by: D.J.W. Piper thrusting seen onshore that characterizes the eastern edge of the Isparta Angle. The contraction is consistent with the counterclockwise Miocene rotation of the western side of the Isparta Angle determined from paleomag- Keywords: netic studies. The thrust belt forms the western extremity of the wider regional Aksu–Kyrenia–Misis oroclinal eastern Mediterranean culmination. The tectonic activity experienced a period of relative quiescence across the western Antalya Basin western Antalya Basin during the Messinian. A major kinematic change occurred in the Pliocene, when the regional strain was partitioned Neogene tectonics into three spatially localized tectonic domains: an extensional domain confined to the Pliocene–Quaternary Unit 1, basin evolution occupied the northeastern portion of the study area, a predominantly extensional domain with a few re-activated Isparta Angle pre-existing Miocene contractional structures occupied the southern and central portion of the study area, and an extensional and/or transtensional domain occupied the continental shelf and slope in the westernmost Antalya Basin. These complexities relate to strike-slip motions as the crustal block within the Isparta Angle moved north- wards relative to the blocks to the north. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction presence of a Benioff zone below the western Antalya Basin, but only diffuse seismicity farther east as evidence for the tearing of the Orogenesis is one of the most fundamental of Earth processes and is subducting African Plate. Biryol et al. (2011) suggest that slab break responsible for most of the relief that we see in the World today, includ- off has also occurred here, detaching the remnants from the still- ing the Alps, the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains subducting slab below the Hellenic Arc along a Subduction Transform (Moores and Twiss, 1995). Similarly, deep arcuate oceanic trenches Edge Propagator (‘STEP’)fault(Govers and Wortel, 2005). As such, observed today adjacent to island arcs and continents are also products the study area is an excellent modern laboratory for the understanding of orogenesis, where one oceanic lithospheric plate is forced to plunge of the processes that govern the deformation during the early stages of beneath the continental or oceanic lithosphere of another plate, slab break off and the ultimate transition to continent to continent depressing or uplifting the overriding plate edge. This study focuses collision, which is largely hidden in ancient orogenic belts, such as the on the geologically recent evolution of an orogen, being caused by the Appalachian Mountains of eastern North America. During the last collision between the African and the Eurasian continental plates and ~20–25 Ma, the forearc experienced profound tectonic changes when the squeezing and shuffling of the smaller microplates and continental former marine basins, such as the Aksu, Köprüçay and Manavgat basins, fragments in the eastern Mediterranean. Specifically, it is focused on were uplifted to become nestled on the foothills of the evolving Central the Miocene to Recent tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the and Western Taurus Mountains, while the deep Antalya Basin experi- western Antalya Basin, which in a larger plate tectonic context, is a enced complementary subsidence and marine sedimentation. forearc basin north of the African Plate–Aegean–Anatolian microplate The main focus of this paper is the interpretation of high-resolution boundary (Şengör et al., 1985; Dewey et al., 1986). Here the subduction multichannel seismic reflection profiles collected during four Memorial has possibly ceased. Papazachos and Papaioannou (1999) showed the University of Newfoundland–Dokuz Eylül University research cruises in 1992, 2001, 2008 and 2010 from the Antalya Basin and environs in the ⁎ Corresponding author. Fax: +1 709 864 2589. eastern Mediterranean, complemented by industry seismic reflection E-mail address: [email protected] (J. Hall). profiles. The primary scientific objectives of this paper are: (i) to establish 0025-3227/$ – see front matter © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.12.009 2 J. Hall et al. / Marine Geology 349 (2014) 1–23 a seismic stratigraphic framework for the Miocene to Recent successions contraction in a forearc setting, related to northward subduction of observed in the seismic reflection profiles, and a chronostratigraphy the African Plate with ensuing collision of the Eratosthenes Seamount for these successions using correlations with the litho- and/or bio- (Fig. 1; Ben Avraham et al., 1995; Robertson, 1998). The northeast- stratigraphic data from an exploration well from the onland Manavgat trending eastern segment is in sinistral transtension along strands of Basin; (ii) to delineate and map the structural elements affecting the seis- the East Anatolian Transform Fault, facilitating the westward escape of mic stratigraphic units and to determine the age of the deformation using the Anatolian microplate (Şengör et al., 1985; Kempler and Garfunkel, growth stratal architecture and progressive syn-tectonic unconformities 1994 ). The Neogene marine Antalya and onland Aksu, Köprüçay and observed in the seismic reflection profiles; (iii) to relate the large-scale Manavgat basins are situated inboard of the Cyprus Arc (Fig. 1). During tectonic elements mapped within the marine Antalya Basin with their the Miocene, these basins developed in a broad foredeep south and east counterparts in the Isparta Angle and Beydağları and Antalya Complex of the evolving Central and Western Taurus Mountains. In the late regions of southwestern Turkey and the Kyrenia Mountains of northern Miocene, the Aksu, Köprüçay and Manavgat basins experienced a Cyprus and (iv) to develop a tectonic and kinematic model for the protracted uplift, while the marine Antalya Basin experienced consider- Miocene to Recent structures of the western Antalya Basin that explains able subsidence. A large crustal-scale culmination developed during the the evolution of the region within the context of the greater eastern Pliocene–Quaternary, extending from the Aksu thrust system onland Mediterranean. toward the southeast into the Kyrenia Range of northern Cyprus (Fig. 1; Işler et al., 2005). 1.1. Tectonic framework of the eastern Mediterranean Recent studies showed that subduction has ceased along the Florence Rise–Cyprus Arc, but is continuing along the Hellenic Arc in the west The Cyprus Arc is a large south convex structure in the eastern (Woodside et al., 2002; Govers and Wortel, 2005). Several studies Mediterranean (Fig. 1). The western segment of the arc terminates suggested that a dextral wrench developed along the Florence Rise, against a broad transform fault zone which includes three prominent associated with the cessation of subduction along the Cyprus Arc, but sinistral strike-slip faults, known as the Ptolemy, Pliny and Strabo that the contractional deformation continued throughout the Pliocene– trenches (Mascle et al., 1986). This transform fault zone (a Subduction Quaternary (Zitter et al., 2003).

Load more