Hpai in Wild and Domestic Waterfowl in Hungary
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HPAIHPAI ININ WILDWILD ANDAND DOMESTICDOMESTIC WATERFOWLWATERFOWL ININ HUNGARYHUNGARY Dr. Ádám Bálint Central Veterinary Institute Hungary AvianAvian influenzainfluenza monitoringmonitoring (2005.10.01.(2005.10.01.--2006.01.31)2006.01.31) Serological monitoring (HAI) Species Number of Number of Number of flocks sampled flocks samples Chicken 1532 60 600 Duck 314 80 3200 Goose 453 90 3600 Turkey 407 90 900 Other: 79 42 420 partridge, quail, pheasant, ostrich, wild duck Total: 2785 362 8720 Virus isolation from wild birds (cloacal swabs) Number of samples: 2128 HPAIHPAI inin HungaryHungary inin wildwild waterfowlwaterfowl 2006.02006.022.0.06.6.--2006.02006.044..03.03... Szentendre 1 mallard 2006.03.01. 03.01. Dunakeszi 1 mute swan 2006.02.16. Százhalombatta 1 gull, 1 cormorant, Dunaföldvár 2006.03.01 1 mute swan 1 mute swan 2006.03.13. 2006.03.21. Bátmonostor Dunaszentbenedek 1 mute swan 1 mute swan 2006.03.01. 2006.03.01 Szalatnak Nagybaracska 1 mute swan 44 mute swan 2006.03.13. 2006.02.06.-04.03 Hercegszántó 1 mute swan Csátalja 2006.03.14. 2 mute swan 2006.03.07 Mohács Dávod 1 mute swan 1 coot 2006.03.01 2006.03.13. 6 mute swan 2006.03.01-04.03 HighHigh riskrisk areasareas (Ramsari(Ramsari zones)zones) CVI Date of No. of Date of County Locality Species reference confirmation case suspicion No. of H5 1 2006.02.06. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 3472 2006.02.17. 2 2006.02.06. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 3468 2006.02.17. 3 2006.02.06. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 3469 2006.02.17. 5 2006.02.10. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (3) 4030 2006.02.17. 4 2006.02.13. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (2) 4222 2006.02.20. 6 2006.02.16. Pest Dunakeszi Mute swan (1) 4571 2002.02.28. 7 2006.02.18. BKK Csátalja Mute swan (2) 4912 2006.03.01. 8 2006.02.20. BKK Bátmonostor Mute swan (1) 4999 2006.03.01. 9 2006.02.21. Pest Szentendre Mallard (1) 5239 2006.03.01. 10 2006.02.21. BKK Dunaszentbenedek Mute swan (1) 5203 2006.03.01. 11 2006.02.21. BKK Dávod Coot (1) 5217 2003.03.01. Cormorant (1) 12 2006.02.21 Pest Százhalombatta 5237 2006.03.01. Black-headed gull (1) 13 2006.02.23. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 5608 2006.03.01 14 2006.02.23. BKK Dávod Mute swan (5) 5608 2006.03.01. 15 2006.02.23. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (4) 5399 2006.03.01. 16 2006.02.26. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (2) 5897 2006.03.03. 17 2006.02.26. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 5898 2006.03.03. 18 2006.02.28. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (8) 6170 2006.03.07. 19 2006.03.07. Baranya Mohács Mute swan (1) 7054 2006.03.13. 20 2006.03.07. Tolna Dunaföldvár Mute swan (1) 7055 2006.03.13. 21 2006.03.07. Baranya Szalatnak Mute swan (1) 7060 2006.03.13. 22 2006.03.03. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (3) 6710 2006.03.14. 23 2006.03.03. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (3) 6709 2006.03.21. 24 2006.03.07. Pest Százhalombatta Mute swan (1) 6945 2006.03.21. 25 2006.03.07. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (3) 7066 2006.03.21. 26 2006.03.10. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 7466 2006.03.21. 27 2006.03.10. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 7470 2006.03.21. 28 2006.03.17. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (4) 7973 2006.03.31. 29 2006.03.10. BKK Dávod Mute swan (1) 7464 2006.04.03. 30 2006.03.22. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (2) 8452 2006.04.03. 31 2006.03.22. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 8453 2006.04.03. 32 2006.03.22. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 8455 2006.04.03. CarcasesCarcases testedtested byby virusvirus isolationisolation (2006.02.06(2006.02.06--2006.2006.04.0804.08)) Number of samples: 2109 650 1051 329 79 pigeon&dove waterfowl domestic birds wild birds PositivePositive casescases 60 mute swan 1 coot 1 black-headed gull 1 cormorant 1 mallard Tests performed by the CRL confirmed HPAI H5N1 Sequencing of the H5 and N1 genes showed 99% identity with Novosibirsk and Quinghai isolates. Four genetic variants Phylogenetic analysis is in progress in Weybridge ControlControl measmeasureuress (2006/115/EC)(2006/115/EC) DiagnosisDiagnosis ofof thethe diseasedisease ((CVICVI)) Eradication EstablishmentEstablishment ofof protectionprotection andand surveillancesurveillance zoneszones (11(11 zoneszones includingincluding 110110 localitieslocalities)) Protection zone with a radius of 3 kilometres Surveillance zone with a radius of 10 kilometres including the protection zone CriteriaCriteria toto bebe takentaken intointo account:account: Geographical, Administrative, Ecological, Epizootological factors Monitoring facilities PROTECTION ZONE SURVEILLANCE ZONE a) Identification of all the holdings in the zone a) Identification of all the holdings in the zone b) Periodic and documented visits to all commercial holdings a clinical inspection of poultry and other captive birds; if necessary, collection of samples for laboratory examination c) Housing of the poultry or confinement of poultry to places where b) Implementation of appropriate the direct or indirect contact with other poultry and captive birds on-farm biosecurity measures can be prevented; including disinfection at the Implementation of appropriate on-farm biosecurity measures entries and exits of the including disinfection at the entries and exits of the holding holding d) Implementation of biosecurity measures laid down in Decision c) Implementation of biosecurity 2005/734/EC measures laid down in Decision 2005/734/EC e) The control of the movement of products from poultry d) Control of movement of poultry and other captive birds and hatching egg within the zone f) Active disease monitoring in the population of wild birds, in particular water fowl, if necessary, with the co-operation of hunters and bird-watchers who have been specifically instructed on measures to protect themselves from infection with the virus and to prevent the spread of the virus to susceptible animals g) Campaigns to inform the public and to increase the disease awareness amongst owners, hunters and bird-watchers a) Removal of poultry and other captive birds a) Movement of poultry and other captive from the holding on they are kept is birds out of the zone for the first 15 days prohibited following the establishment of the zone b) The assembly of poultry or other captive b) The assembly of poultry or other captive birds at fairs, markets, shows or other birds at fairs, markets, shows or other gatherings is prohibited gatherings is prohibited c) Transport through the zone of poultry and other captive birds is prohibited, except transit on major roads or railways and transport to slaughterhouse for direct slaughter d) Dispatch of hatching eggs from the zone (control of movement of hatching egg within is prohibited. the zone) e) Dispatch from the zone of fresh meat, minced meat, meat preparations and meat products from poultry or captive bird and wild feathered game is prohibited. f) Transport or spread outside the zone of unprocessed litter or manure from holdings within the zone are prohibited except the transport for treatment to destroy the possible presence of avian influenza viruses. g) Hunting of wild birds is prohibited c) Hunting of wild birds is prohibited LiftingLifting ofof restrictionsrestrictions 2006.03.21.: Dunakeszi 2006.03.22.: Szentendre, Dunaszentbenedek 2006.03.23.: Csátalja Bátmonostor 2006.04.03.: Mohács Szalatnak Dunaföldvár 2006. 04.04.: Hercegszántó 2006. 04. 11.: Százhalombatta 2006. 04. 24.: Nagybaracska Dávod IntermediateIntermediate periodperiod (2006.0(2006.04.08.4.08.--20200066.0.06.02.)6.02.) CarcasesCarcases testedtested byby virusvirus isolationisolation (2006.0(2006.04.08.4.08.--20200066.0.06.02.)6.02.) Number of samples: 284 51 91 30 112 pigeon&dove waterfowl domestic birds wild birds HPAIHPAI inin HungaryHungary inin geesegeese BBáácscs--KiskunKiskun countycounty 2006.06.032006.06.03--2006.08.31.2006.08.31. Hungary experienced the introduction of HPAI onto its territory by wild birds The alertness of the general public and of poultry farmers against the disease was high Early detection and reporting of clinical signs of the disease to the animal health service Implementation of immediate emergency measures: Stamping out of suspected flocks Preemptive measures Spreading of the virus to other counties of Hungary as well as to other Member States or third countries could be prevented AffectedAffected areaarea Location of the affected holding Bács-Kiskun county lies in the South of Hungary, close to the border to Serbia Largest population (4 million) of poultry (ducks and geese) Location is close to the neighbouring county Csongrád with similarly high density of poultry Waterfowl are kept for various purposes including fattening and forced feeding. Flocks are owned by large companies (integrators) and are placed onto the holdings for rearing and fattening Because of old traditions and animal welfare reasons, large numbers of waterfowl are kept free range in the area ChronologyChronology ofof thethe eventsevents 3. June First clinical signs of disease were detected by the owner of a poultry farm with 3000 geese in Bodoglár Samples for laboratory testing were taken by the official veterinarian and sent to the Central Veterinary Institute for confirmation. The holding was placed under movement control and official surveillance 7. June As mortality rate on the suspected flock increased, the state veterinary service decided to implement stamping out on the affected holding, protection zone and surveillance zone was established The suspicion was officially notified to the European Commission ChronologyChronology ofof thethe eventsevents 9. June The Central Veterinary Institute confirmed the presence of HPAI in the samples sent in from the affected flock (Outbreak No. 1.) Official measures as laid down in Community and national legislation were put in place, including the setting up of areas “A”and “B” The National Disease Control Centre has been activated.