HPAIHPAI ININ WILDWILD ANDAND DOMESTICDOMESTIC WATERFOWLWATERFOWL ININ HUNGARYHUNGARY

Dr. Ádám Bálint Central Veterinary Institute AvianAvian influenzainfluenza monitoringmonitoring (2005.10.01.(2005.10.01.--2006.01.31)2006.01.31) „ Serological monitoring (HAI)

Species Number of Number of Number of flocks sampled flocks samples Chicken 1532 60 600 Duck 314 80 3200 Goose 453 90 3600 Turkey 407 90 900 Other: 79 42 420 partridge, quail, pheasant, ostrich, wild duck Total: 2785 362 8720

„ Virus isolation from wild birds (cloacal swabs) „ Number of samples: 2128 HPAIHPAI inin HungaryHungary inin wildwild waterfowlwaterfowl 2006.02006.022.0.06.6.--2006.02006.044..03.03... Szentendre 1 mallard 2006.03.01. 03.01. Dunakeszi 1 mute swan 2006.02.16.

Százhalombatta 1 gull, 1 cormorant, Dunaföldvár 2006.03.01 1 mute swan 1 mute swan 2006.03.13. 2006.03.21.

Bátmonostor 1 mute swan 1 mute swan 2006.03.01. 2006.03.01

Szalatnak 1 mute swan 44 mute swan 2006.03.13. 2006.02.06.-04.03

Hercegszántó 1 mute swan Csátalja 2006.03.14. 2 mute swan 2006.03.07

Mohács Dávod 1 mute swan 1 coot 2006.03.01 2006.03.13. 6 mute swan 2006.03.01-04.03 HighHigh riskrisk areasareas (Ramsari(Ramsari zones)zones) CVI Date of No. of Date of County Locality Species reference confirmation case suspicion No. of H5 1 2006.02.06. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 3472 2006.02.17. 2 2006.02.06. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 3468 2006.02.17. 3 2006.02.06. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 3469 2006.02.17. 5 2006.02.10. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (3) 4030 2006.02.17. 4 2006.02.13. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (2) 4222 2006.02.20. 6 2006.02.16. Pest Dunakeszi Mute swan (1) 4571 2002.02.28. 7 2006.02.18. BKK Csátalja Mute swan (2) 4912 2006.03.01. 8 2006.02.20. BKK Bátmonostor Mute swan (1) 4999 2006.03.01. 9 2006.02.21. Pest Szentendre Mallard (1) 5239 2006.03.01. 10 2006.02.21. BKK Dunaszentbenedek Mute swan (1) 5203 2006.03.01. 11 2006.02.21. BKK Dávod Coot (1) 5217 2003.03.01. Cormorant (1) 12 2006.02.21 Pest Százhalombatta 5237 2006.03.01. Black-headed gull (1) 13 2006.02.23. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 5608 2006.03.01 14 2006.02.23. BKK Dávod Mute swan (5) 5608 2006.03.01. 15 2006.02.23. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (4) 5399 2006.03.01. 16 2006.02.26. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (2) 5897 2006.03.03. 17 2006.02.26. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 5898 2006.03.03. 18 2006.02.28. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (8) 6170 2006.03.07. 19 2006.03.07. Baranya Mohács Mute swan (1) 7054 2006.03.13. 20 2006.03.07. Tolna Dunaföldvár Mute swan (1) 7055 2006.03.13. 21 2006.03.07. Baranya Szalatnak Mute swan (1) 7060 2006.03.13. 22 2006.03.03. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (3) 6710 2006.03.14. 23 2006.03.03. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (3) 6709 2006.03.21. 24 2006.03.07. Pest Százhalombatta Mute swan (1) 6945 2006.03.21. 25 2006.03.07. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (3) 7066 2006.03.21. 26 2006.03.10. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 7466 2006.03.21. 27 2006.03.10. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 7470 2006.03.21. 28 2006.03.17. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (4) 7973 2006.03.31. 29 2006.03.10. BKK Dávod Mute swan (1) 7464 2006.04.03. 30 2006.03.22. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (2) 8452 2006.04.03. 31 2006.03.22. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 8453 2006.04.03. 32 2006.03.22. BKK Nagybaracska Mute swan (1) 8455 2006.04.03. CarcasesCarcases testedtested byby virusvirus isolationisolation (2006.02.06(2006.02.06--2006.2006.04.0804.08)) Number of samples: 2109

650

1051

329 79 pigeon&dove waterfowl domestic birds wild birds PositivePositive casescases

„ 60 mute swan „ 1 coot „ 1 black-headed gull „ 1 cormorant „ 1 mallard „ Tests performed by the CRL confirmed HPAI H5N1 „ Sequencing of the H5 and N1 genes showed 99% identity with Novosibirsk and Quinghai isolates. „ Four genetic variants „ Phylogenetic analysis is in progress in Weybridge ControlControl measmeasureuress (2006/115/EC)(2006/115/EC) „ DiagnosisDiagnosis ofof thethe diseasedisease ((CVICVI)) „ Eradication

„ EstablishmentEstablishment ofof protectionprotection andand surveillancesurveillance zoneszones (11(11 zoneszones includingincluding 110110 localitieslocalities)) „ Protection zone with a radius of 3 kilometres „ Surveillance zone with a radius of 10 kilometres including the protection zone

„ CriteriaCriteria toto bebe takentaken intointo account:account: „ Geographical, „ Administrative, „ Ecological, „ Epizootological factors „ Monitoring facilities PROTECTION ZONE SURVEILLANCE ZONE a) Identification of all the holdings in the zone a) Identification of all the holdings in the zone b) Periodic and documented visits to all commercial holdings a clinical inspection of poultry and other captive birds; if necessary, collection of samples for laboratory examination c) Housing of the poultry or confinement of poultry to places where b) Implementation of appropriate the direct or indirect contact with other poultry and captive birds on-farm biosecurity measures can be prevented; including disinfection at the Implementation of appropriate on-farm biosecurity measures entries and exits of the including disinfection at the entries and exits of the holding holding

d) Implementation of biosecurity measures laid down in Decision c) Implementation of biosecurity 2005/734/EC measures laid down in Decision 2005/734/EC e) The control of the movement of products from poultry d) Control of movement of poultry and other captive birds and hatching egg within the zone f) Active disease monitoring in the population of wild birds, in particular water fowl, if necessary, with the co-operation of hunters and bird-watchers who have been specifically instructed on measures to protect themselves from infection with the virus and to prevent the spread of the virus to susceptible animals g) Campaigns to inform the public and to increase the disease awareness amongst owners, hunters and bird-watchers a) Removal of poultry and other captive birds a) Movement of poultry and other captive from the holding on they are kept is birds out of the zone for the first 15 days prohibited following the establishment of the zone b) The assembly of poultry or other captive b) The assembly of poultry or other captive birds at fairs, markets, shows or other birds at fairs, markets, shows or other gatherings is prohibited gatherings is prohibited c) Transport through the zone of poultry and other captive birds is prohibited, except transit on major roads or railways and transport to slaughterhouse for direct slaughter d) Dispatch of hatching eggs from the zone (control of movement of hatching egg within is prohibited. the zone) e) Dispatch from the zone of fresh meat, minced meat, meat preparations and meat products from poultry or captive bird and wild feathered game is prohibited. f) Transport or spread outside the zone of unprocessed litter or manure from holdings within the zone are prohibited except the transport for treatment to destroy the possible presence of avian influenza viruses. g) Hunting of wild birds is prohibited c) Hunting of wild birds is prohibited LiftingLifting ofof restrictionsrestrictions

„ 2006.03.21.: Dunakeszi

„ 2006.03.22.: Szentendre, Dunaszentbenedek

„ 2006.03.23.: Csátalja Bátmonostor

„ 2006.04.03.: Mohács Szalatnak Dunaföldvár

„ 2006. 04.04.: Hercegszántó

„ 2006. 04. 11.: Százhalombatta

„ 2006. 04. 24.: Nagybaracska Dávod IntermediateIntermediate periodperiod (2006.0(2006.04.08.4.08.--20200066.0.06.02.)6.02.) CarcasesCarcases testedtested byby virusvirus isolationisolation (2006.0(2006.04.08.4.08.--20200066.0.06.02.)6.02.) Number of samples: 284

51

91

30

112 pigeon&dove waterfowl domestic birds wild birds HPAIHPAI inin HungaryHungary inin geesegeese BBáácscs--KiskunKiskun countycounty 2006.06.032006.06.03--2006.08.31.2006.08.31. „ Hungary experienced the introduction of HPAI onto its territory by wild birds

„ The alertness of the general public and of poultry farmers against the disease was high

„ Early detection and reporting of clinical signs of the disease to the animal health service

„ Implementation of immediate emergency measures: „ Stamping out of suspected flocks „ Preemptive measures

„ Spreading of the virus to other as well as to other Member States or third countries could be prevented AffectedAffected areaarea

Location of the affected holding

„ Bács-Kiskun county lies in the South of Hungary, close to the border to „ Largest population (4 million) of poultry (ducks and geese) „ Location is close to the neighbouring county Csongrád with similarly high density of poultry „ Waterfowl are kept for various purposes including fattening and forced feeding. Flocks are owned by large companies (integrators) and are placed onto the holdings for rearing and fattening „ Because of old traditions and animal welfare reasons, large numbers of waterfowl are kept free range in the area ChronologyChronology ofof thethe eventsevents

3. June

„ First clinical signs of disease were detected by the owner of a poultry farm with 3000 geese in Bodoglár

„ Samples for laboratory testing were taken by the official veterinarian and sent to the Central Veterinary Institute for confirmation.

„ The holding was placed under movement control and official surveillance 7. June

„ As mortality rate on the suspected flock increased, the state veterinary service decided to implement stamping out on the affected holding, protection zone and surveillance zone was established

„ The suspicion was officially notified to the European Commission ChronologyChronology ofof thethe eventsevents

9. June

„ The Central Veterinary Institute confirmed the presence of HPAI in the samples sent in from the affected flock (Outbreak No. 1.)

„ Official measures as laid down in Community and national legislation were put in place, including the setting up of areas “A”and “B”

„ The National Disease Control Centre has been activated.

„ Confirmation of the HPAI outbreak was reported to the European Commission.

„ Virus isolates were prepared to be sent for further testing to the CRL. 10. June ƒƒ The Civil Protection Committee of the county Bács-Kiskun has been informed on the epidemiology events. The Committee comprises of several involved authorities including the animal- and public health services, the police, border guard, customs etc. laboratory results GEO of holdingList of AI outbreaks in Hungary No. of poultry kept poultry of No. date of first or suspicion sample taking signs clinical stamping of date out CVI reference No. No. of outbreak of No. County Locality NE spe cie s H5+ 1 BKK Bodoglár 46 31 23 19 38 42 3000 geese 2006-06-03 yes 2006-06-07 14756 2006-06-09 2 BKK Bodoglár 46 31 8 19 37 52 28000 ducks 2006-06-10 yes 2006-06-10 15202 2006-06-16 3 BKK Bodoglár 46 31 8 19 37 52 15000 ducks 2006-06-10 yes 2006-06-10 15202 2006-06-16 4 BKK Móricgát 46 37 16 19 39 22 110 ducks 2006-06-10 no 2006-06-10 15204 2006-06-16 5 BKK Móricgát 46 37 16 19 39 22 120 ducks 2006-06-10 no 2006-06-10 15203 2006-06-16 6 BKK Móricgát 46 37 16 19 39 22 126 ducks 2006-06-10 no 2006-06-10 15201 2006-06-16 7 BKK 46 32 31 19 40 52 19000 ducks 2006-06-10 no 2006-06-10 15205 2006-06-16 8 BKK Szank 46 33 36 19 42 36 2400 geese 2006-06-16 yes 2006-06-17 9BKKKülső galambos 46 36 43 19 47 31 580 geese 2006-06-19 yes 2006-06-19 15976 2006-06-30 10 BKK Petőfiszállás 46 36 29 19 47 56 3773 geese 2006-06-20 yes 2006-06-20 16146 2006-06-30 11 BKK 46 29 53 19 43 26 140 geese 2006-06-20 yes 2006-06-20 16137 2006-07-05 12 BKK Bodoglár 46 31 5 19 40 12 10000 ducks 2006-06-21 yes 2006-06-21 15981 2006-06-23 13 BKK Bodoglár 46 29 31 19 41 13 18700 ducks 2006-06-26 yes 2006-06-26 16381 2006-06-27 14 BKK Kiskunmajsa 46 32 23 19 43 59 10625 ducks 2006-06-28 yes 2006-06-28 16773 2006-06-30 15 BKK Kiskunmajsa 46 26 53 19 47 24 1800 geese 2006-06-28 yes 2006-06-28 16493 2006-06-29 16 BKK Jászszentlászl ó 46 35 20 19 47 6 340 geese 2006-06-29 yes 2006-06-29 16893 2006-07-04 17 BKK Bodoglár 46 30 4 19 41 49 2987 geese 2006-07-03 yes 2006-07-03 17208 2006-07-10 18 BKK Bodoglár 46 30 7 19 41 20 3000 geese 2006-06-29 no 2006-07-04 17062 2006-07-03 19 BKK Jászszentlászló 46 34 59 19 46 16 3500 geese 2006-07-03 yes 2006-07-03 17226 2006-07-10 20 BKK Kiskunmajsa 46 31 23 19 43 5 22600 geese 2006-06-30 no 2006-07-06 17205 2006-07-10 21 BKK Kiskunmajsa 46 30 43 19 43 5 102 misc 2006-07-09 yes 2006-07-09 17872 2006-07-14 22 BKK Bodoglár 46 31 12 19 38 2 27153 ducks K+S no 2006-06-13 15409 2006-06-28 23 BKK Bodoglár 46 31 5 19 39 18 6155 ducks K+S no 2006-06-13 15310 2006-06-20 24 BKK Bodoglár 46 29 56 19 39 11 32000 ducks K+S no 2006-06-20 16038 2006-06-29 25 BKK Bodoglár 46 30 58 19 40 44 10000 ducks K+S no 2006-06-24 16485 2006-06-29 26 BKK Bodoglár 46 31 16 19 38 46 33768 ducks K+S no 2006-06-14 15557 2006-06-29 27 BKK Kiskunmajsa 46 29 24 19 43 16 245 geese K+S no 2006-06-24 16486 2006-06-29 28 BKK Petőfiszállás 46 36 29 19 48 58 3000 ducks 2006-07-12 yes 2006-07-13 18213 2006-07-20 29 BKK Bodoglár 46 29 49 19 39 14 5361 geese 2006-07-09 yes 2006-07-09 17871 2006-07-26 „ A total of 29 outbreaks of HPAI H5N1 in one county of Hungary (Bács-Kiskun) between 9 June and 26 July 2006

„ Laboratory confirmation: Central Veterinary Institute (NRL of Hungary for AI).

„ In most cases the outbreaks are considered to be primary ones caused by individual introduction of the virus by wild birds

„ In 6 secondary outbreaks epidemiological links suggest the spread of the virus via feed transportation, dispatch of live poultry or direct neighbourhood,

LaboratoryLaboratory investigationsinvestigations

„ Central Veterinary Institute

„ Serology: HAI (H5N2, H5N7, H7N1, H7N7 antigens (VLA))

„ Swabs: real-time PCR (M, H5), H5, N1 RT PCR (sequencing)

„ Carcases of dead birds: „ routine pathology; histopathology „ virus isolation and HAI (H5N2, H5N7, H7N1, H7N7 sera (VLA)) „ molecular biological methods

„ Virus isolates were sent to the CRL Avian Influenza to the Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Weybridge for further specification

„ Tests performed by the CRL showed a similarity rate (H5) of: 99,6 % with A/Turkey/France/1142/06; 99,5% with A/Swan//1212/05; 100% with A/Mallard/Bavaria/1/06 (H5N1) and 99% with Novosibirsk and Quinghai isolates SurveillanceSurveillance carriedcarried outout inin thethe affectedaffected areaarea

„ Samples:

„ From poultry and wild birds

„ Suspected holdings, epidemiological investigation, preemptive killing

„ 20 blood samples

„ 20-20 cloacal/tracheal swabs

„ 5 carcases

„ Central Veterinary Institute: 2006.06.01.-2006.08.31:

„ 3811 blood samples

„ 8374 cloacal/tracheal swabs

„ 800 carcases DistributionDistribution ofof samplessamples byby speciesspecies

650 1161

102

7432 4006

geese ducks turkeys hens other (incl. wild birds) Positive samples: „ Duck: 155 swabs, 66 carcases „ Goose: 230 swabs, 60 carcases „ Guinea fowl: 1 carcase ControlControl measuresmeasures

„ Preventive measures in addition to 92/40/EEC and 2006/135/EC: „ Preemptive stamping out in a 1km zone around the outbreak with cleansing and disinfection on the farms „ Until 14 June 2006, no derogations based on Articles 4-8. of 2006/135/EC granted, except: „ Art. 4. (1) a, b); (live poultry from PZ and SZ for immediate slaughter, heat treatment) „ Art. 5. (1) a-c; (hatching eggs from PZ, SZ, A+B areas) „ Art. 4. (1) d. (live poultry outside A+B areas for immediate slaughter) „ Dispatch of fresh meat produced from poultry in line with Art. 4. (1) d. „ Poultry meat and table eggs originating from animals in the PZ+SZ and produced after 29 May be heat treated „ Killing of day-old chicks in area B with state compensation until 14 June „ In area „A” poultry be kept indoors or under bird net „ In area „B” prohibition of visiting poultry farms „ 24 hours duty in all county AHS „ Disinfectants provided to owners of backyard flocks free of charge „ Pigeon races are prohibited in the whole country „ Ban of hunting for wild birds in area „B” Poultry for slaughter Day-old chicks Ready to lay poultry Hatching eggs Table eggs Other

From Prohibited, but 2006/416. 18 (1) Prohibited, but 2006/416. 19 Prohibited, but 2006/416. 20 Prohibited, but 2006/416. 21 Prohibited, but 2006/416. 21 Carcases: PZ Immediate slaughter In member state Holding within PZ and SZ Designated hatchery Designated packing centre Prohibited, but 2006/416. Designated slaughterhouse Outside PZ and SZ Clinical examination Clinical examination of parent Disposable packaging 22 Clinical examination within 24h Vehicles sealed Laboratory tests flock Biosecurity measures Disposal Laboratory tests Biosecurity measures at transport Vehicles sealed Eggs and packaging Manufacture of egg products Vehicles sealed and destination Holding of destination under disinfected Disposal Confirmation of slaughter, control Holding of destination under control control Vehicles sealed Separated slaughter+ disinfection Poultry remains on holding 21 days Poultry remains on holding 21 Biosecurity measures at hatchery Meat examination days Health mark, in member state Cut, transported, stored separately

To PZ Prohibited, but 2006/416. 18 (2) Prohibited, but 2006/416. 19 Prohibited, but 2006/416. 21 Outside PZ, SZ, in slaughterhouse Hatched from eggs outside PZ and Designated hatchery in PZ in PZ SZ Eggs and packaging Confirmation of slaughter, control To holdings outside PZ and SZ disinfected Kept and slaughtered separately Separated hatching Vehicles sealed Cut, transported, stored separately Biosecurity measures at hatchery

From Prohibited, but 2006/416. 25. C, i Prohibited, but 2006/416. 25. C, iii Prohibited, but 2006/416. 25. C, ii Prohibited, but 2006/416. 25. C, Prohibited, but 2006/416. 25. Prohibited, but 2006/416. SZ Clinical examination within 24h In member state: No other poultry iv C, vi, vii 25. C, vi, vii Laboratory tests Holding of destination under control Holding of destination under Designated hatchery in or Designated packing centre Litter, manure, slurry outside SZ Confirmation of slaughter, control Poultry remains on holding 21 days control outside SZ Disposable packaging Biosecurity measures Outside member state: Poultry remains on holding 21 Eggs and packaging Biosecurity measures Designated plant disinfected Hatched from eggs outside PZ and days Manufacture of egg products Treatment SZ Disposal Separated hatching

To SZ Prohibited, but 2006/416. 25. C, i Prohibited, but 2006/416. 25. C, Clinical examination within 24h iv Laboratory tests Eggs outside PZ Confirmation of slaughter, control Designated hatchery in SZ Eggs and packaging disinfected A zone See at SZ See at SZ See at SZ See at SZ See at SZ See at SZ (outsid e PZ)

B zone Prohibited, but 2006/415. 6. (1) Prohibited, but 2006/415. 6. (4) Prohibited, but 2006/415. 6. (2) Prohibited, but 2006/415. 7. Prohibited, but 2006/415. 8. Designated slaughterhouse in or To holdings in the member state: To holdings in the member state: Designated hatchery in or Wild feathered game outside the member state Outside zone A Holding of destination under outside the member state Dispatch onto national To holdings under control (if eggs control In any hatchery if eggs market of fresh meat and originated from zone B) Poultry remains on holding 21 originated from seronegative meat products originated To any holding if eggs originated days flocks from zone A or B with mark from seronegative flocks To other member state: Dispatch of meat products Eggs originated outside zones A and Designated holding from zone A or B after treatment B, disinfected packaging No other poultry Meat and meat product To other member state: Holding of destination under Holding of destination under originated outside zone A Health certifications control or B in accordance with Clinical examination Poultry remains on holding 21 853/2004/EK, 854/2004/EK Transport under official control days CoCo--operationoperation withwith publicpublic healthhealth servicesservices -- influenzainfluenza pandemicpandemic preventionprevention

„ National Influenza Pandemic Prevention Committee (2005)

„ Cooperation between animal and public health services and other ministries (nature conservation, customs etc.)

„ The Committee is chaired by the Chief Veterinary and Medical Officers and is supported by their relevant Ministers

„ Forum for the exchange of information and future planning of joint actions SummarySummary

„ First restrictive measures were ordered on 3. June „ Massive culling started 9. June (1 km preemptive killing) „ Total depopulation of the centre of the PZ started 10. July „ The last outbreak was on 12. July „ All protection zones transformed into the surveillance zone: 9. Aug „ Surveillance zone lifted in both Bács-Kiskun and Csongrád counties. 21. Aug „ According to parts A and B of the Annex to Commission Decision 2006/415/EC, areas “A” and “B” were abolished 31. Aug „ Repopulation can be started 1. Sept SummarySummary inin figuresfigures

„ Total No. 29 outbreaks from 09. June „ No. affected premises: 675 „ ~ 1 million culled bird „ ~ 4 million euro compensation „ Extra staff were allocated: 15 vets, 50 assistants „ Extra budget support 7,3 million euro TheThe ffuuttuurree

„ Strict control before repopulation „ The traditional extensive farming will be restricted „ Maintain the awareness „ Improvement of laboratory capacity „ Training ThankThank youyou forfor youryour attentionattention. Measures to be applied on holdings where outbreaks are suspected (a) poultry, other captive birds and all mammals of domestic (e) no carcases of poultry or other captive birds, meat of species are counted or, if appropriate, their numbers poultry including offal (‘poultry meat’ ), poultry feed estimated by the type of poultry or species of other (‘feed’ ), utensils, materials, waste, droppings, poultry or captive bird; other captive birds manure (‘manure’ ), slurry, used litter or anything likely to transmit avian influenza may leave the (b) a list is compiled of the approximate number of poultry, holding without an authorisation from the competent other captive birds and all mammals of domestic species authority, observing appropriate biosecurity measures such already sick, dead or likely to be infected in each category as to minimise any risk of the spread of avian influenza; on the holding; that list shall be updated daily to take account of hatchings, births and deaths throughout the (f) no eggs may leave the holding; period of the suspected outbreak and shall be produced on request to the competent authority; (g) the movement of persons, mammals of domestic species, vehicles and equipment to or from the holding is subject to (c) all poultry and other captive birds are brought inside a the conditions and authorisation of the competent building on their holding and kept there. Where this is authority; impractical or if their welfare is compromised they are confined in some other place on the same holding such (h) appropriate means of disinfection are used at the entrances that they do not have contact with other poultry or other and exits of buildings housing poultry or other captive birds captive birds on other holdings. All reasonable steps are and of the holding itself in accordance with the instructions taken to minimise their contact with wild birds; of the competent authority.

(d) no poultry or other captive birds may enter or leave the holding; Measures to be applied on holdings where outbreaks are Confirmed 6. All substances, manure and waste likely to be 2. All poultry and other captive birds on the holding shall be contaminated, such as feed, shall be destroyed or undergo a killed without delay under official supervision. The killing shall treatment ensuring the destruction of the avian influenza be carried out in such a way as to avoid the risk of spread of virus, in accordance with the instructions given by the official avian influenza, in particular during transport. veterinarian. The competent authority may take appropriate measures to 7. Following the disposal of carcases, the buildings used for limit any possible spread of avian influenza to any wild birds housing them, pastures or land, the equipment likely to be on the holding. contaminated and the vehicles used for transporting the poultry or other captive birds, carcases, meat, feed, manure, 3. All carcases and eggs on the holding shall be disposed of slurry, bedding and any other material or substance likely to under official supervision. be contaminated shall undergo cleaning and disinfection with instructions given by the official veterinarian. 4. Poultry already hatched from eggs collected from the 8. Other captive birds or mammals of domestic species shall holding during the period between the probable date of not enter or leave the holding without the authorisation of the introduction competent authority. That restriction shall not apply to of HPAI on the holding and the application of the mammals of domestic species which have access only to the measures provided for in Article 3(2), shall be placed under living areas for humans. official supervision and investigations shall be carried out. 9. In the case of a primary outbreak, the virus isolate shall be subjected to the laboratory investigations to identify the genetic 5. Meat of poultry slaughtered and eggs collected from the subtype. That virus isolate shall be submitted to the Community holding during the period between the probable date of intro- duction reference laboratory for avian influenza referred to in Article of HPAI on the holding and the application of the 51(1) of Directive 2005/94/EC as soon as possible. measures provided for in Article 3(2) shall, wherever possible, such authorisation does not endanger disease control. be traced and disposed of under official supervision Measures to be applied in contact holdings 1. Based on the epidemiological inquiry, the competent 4. The competent authority shall ensure that, on any holding authority shall decide if a holding is to be considered as a where poultry or other captive birds are killed and disposed of contact holding. and avian influenza is subsequently confirmed, the buildings The competent authority shall ensure that the measures and any equipment likely to be contaminated and the vehicles provided for in Article 3(2) are applied to contact holdings used for transporting the poultry, other captive birds, carcases, until the presence of HPAI has been excluded. meat, feed, manure, slurry, bedding and any other material or 2. Based on the epidemiological inquiry, the competent substance likely to be contaminated undergo cleaning and disin- fection authority may apply the measures provided for in Article 7 to with instructions given by the official veterinarian. contact holdings and in particular if the contact holding is located in an area with a high density of poultry. The main criteria to be considered for the application of the measures provided for in Article 7 in contact holdings are set out in Annex IV to Directive 2005/94/EC. 3. The competent authority shall ensure that samples are taken from poultry and other captive birds when they are killed in order to confirm or exclude the presence of HPAI virus in those contact holdings. 4. The competent authority shall ensure that, on any holding where poultry or other captive birds are killed and disposed of and avian influenza is subsequently confirmed, the buildings and any equipment likely to be contaminated and the vehicles used for transporting the poultry, other captive birds, carcases, meat, feed, manure, slurry, bedding and any other material or substance likely to be contaminated undergo cleaning and disin-fection

DistributionDistribution ofof thethe avianavian influenzainfluenza (H5N1)(H5N1) casescases inin wildwild birdsbirds (2006.02.06(2006.02.06-- 2006.04.02006.04.033)) „„ CountyCounty LocalityLocality SSpeciespecies No:No: Bács: 03.01. Bátmonostor mute swan 1 03.07. Csátalja mute swan 2 03.01.,04.03. Dávod mute swan 6 03.01. coot 1 03.01 Dunaszentbenedek mute swan 1 03.14 Hercegszántó mute swan 1 02.06-04.03. Nagybaracska mute swan 41 Baranya 03.13. Mohács mute swan 1 03.13. Szalatnak mute swan 1 Pest 02.16. Dunakeszi mute swan 1 03.01. Százhalombatta gull 1 cormorant 1 03.21. mute swan 1 03.01. Szentendre mallard 1 Tolna 03.13. Dunaföldvár mute swan 1 ChronologyChronology ofof thethe eventsevents

10 June ƒƒ The Civil Protection Committee of the county Bács-Kiskun has been informed on the epidemiology events. The Committee comprises of several involved authorities including the animal- and public health services, the police, border guard, customs etc. ƒƒ New suspicions arised in 6 new poultry holdings (outbreak numbers 2-7.). All of them were depopulated on the same day. Laboratory confirmation followed on 16 June. ƒƒ Protection- and surveillance zones were modified accordingly. ChronologyChronology ofof thethe eventsevents

14 June ƒƒ A practical guide was compiled by the National Disease Control Centre and was distributed to the county animal health and food control stations on the interpretation of relevant Community legislation in order to facilitate uniform measures. 15 June

ƒƒ The procedure of compensation of poultry farmers started. ChronologyChronology ofof thethe eventsevents

16 June ƒƒ Suspicion of outbreak No. 8 emerged in Szank. The flock was depopulated next day.

19 June ƒƒSuspicion of outbreak No. 9 emerged in Külsőgalambos. The flock was depopulated on the same day. Laboratory confirmation followed on 30 June. Protection and surveillance zones were modified ChronologyChronology ofof thethe eventsevents

20 June ƒƒ Suspicion of outbreaks No. 10+11 emerged in Petőfiszállás and Kiskunmajsa. ƒƒ The flocks were depopulated on the same day. ƒƒ Laboratory confirmations followed on 30 June and 5 July, respectively. 21 June

ƒƒ Suspicion of outbreak No. 12 emerged in Bodoglár, near the index case. ƒƒ The flock was depopulated on the same day. Laboratory confirmation followed on 23 June. ChronologyChronology ofof thethe eventsevents

26 June ƒƒ Suspicion of outbreak No. 13 emerged in Bodoglár. ƒƒ The flock was depopulated on the same day. Laboratory confirmation followed on 27 June. 28 June ƒƒ Suspicions of outbreaks No. 14+15 emerged near Kiskunmajsa ƒƒ The flocks were depopulated on the same day. Laboratory confirmations followed on 29 and 30 June ChronologyChronology ofof thethe eventsevents 29 June ƒƒ Suspicion of outbreaks No. 16+18 emerged in Jászszentlászló and Bodoglár. Poultry kept in the holding of outbreak No. 16 were stamped out on the same day and laboratory confirmation followed on 4 July. ƒƒ As no clinical signs could be detected in outbreak No. 18, stamping out took place on 4 July, following the laboratory results of 3 July. ƒƒ On 29 June, the Central Veterinary Institute reported positive laboratory results from 6 flocks stamped out on a pre-emptive basis. These holdings were stamped out on 13, 14, 20 and 24 June and were sampled for the detection of avian influenza. As results were positive on 3 July, the holdings were declared as outbreaks No. 22-27. ChronologyChronology ofof thethe eventsevents

30 June ƒƒ Suspicion of outbreak No. 20 emerged in Kiskunmajsa. The flock was depopulated on 6 July. Laboratory confirmation followed on 10 July. 3 July ƒƒ Suspicion of outbreaks No. 17+19 emerged in Bodoglár and Jászszentlászló. The flocks were depopulated on the same day. Laboratory confirmation followed on 10 July for both outbreaks. 9 July ƒƒ Suspicion of outbreaks No. 21+29 emerged in Kiskunmajsa and Bodoglár. The flocks were depopulated on the same day. Laboratory confirmation followed on 14 and 26 July, respectively. Carcases testedtested byby virusvirus isolationisolation (2006.0(2006.066.0.055--0099.0.05.)5.) Number of samples: 922

36 141 83

pigeon&dove waterfowl domestic birds w ild birds 662 Carcasses ofof domesticdomestic birdsbirds testedtested byby virusvirus isolationisolation (2006.0(2006.066.0.055--0099.0.05.)5.)

18 11

118

32 299 10

201 hen duck muschovy duck quail guinea fow l goose mulard duck turkey PositivePositive casescases

„ 66 duck „ 60 goose „ 10 mulard duck Cloacal swabsswabs ofof domesticdomestic birdsbirds testedtested byby virusvirus isolationisolation (2006.0(2006.066.0.055--0099.0.05.)5.)

25550 575

5200

7114

150

hen duck muschovy duck goose mular d duc k turkey BloodBlood samplessamples testedtested withwith HAIHAI (2006.0(2006.066.0.055--0099.0.05.)5.)

95 130 614

1325

2491

hen duck goose mulard duck turkey Positive casescases

„ 155 duck „ 230 goose