Observations and Memoranda in Botany – Robert Pocock’s handwritten notes
Original cover.
This manuscript was scanned and transcribed by members of the Robert Pocock Herbarium Project.
The original manuscript has many blank pages – these were left blank by Pocock so that he could insert later material. These blank pages have not been reproduced in this copy but the original sequence of pages has been retained. Many of the plant species names used by Pocock are no longer valid. For some of the pages we found it useful for our project to insert the current valid names (Stace 3rd Edition).
Original spine
With thanks to Mick and Jenny Lowe, Jenny Gibb and Sally Jennings for their work in producing this copy. Thanks to Kent Library staff and Gravesend for providing access to the manuscript and for granting permission to create this copy.
Malcolm Jennings December 2016
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Observations and Memoranda in Botany By Robert Pocock, Printer & Bookseller, Gravesend, Kent, 1821
Pocock left this page blank - modern library codes, stamps etc.
Index.
A Appearance and Reappearance of some Plants 77
Bristol scarce Plants noted not about Kent 79
Calendar of Botany about Gravesend 52 to 74
Cambridge Plants not about Gravesend 80
British Plants not yet found in Kent 85
Doubtful Plants if such exist 51
Discoveries in Botany
Botanists a list of in Kent 82
Deal and Dover Plants not about Gravesend 22
E Excursions in search of Plants
English Plants not in Scotland 26
English Plants found in Gardens about Kent
Florists, a List of in Kent 90
Foreign Plants etc. about Gravesend 29
Foreign Plants etc. at the Earl of Darnley’s 31
Foreign Plants etc. at Lord Eardleys 33
Foreign Plants etc. at Mr Russels, Swanscomb[e] 41
Gravesend Plants not noticed by Mr Hasted Authors 23, 76
How to kill some Plants previous to drying
Hortus Siccus how to make (the Paper requisite)
Index
I Isle of Sheppey Plants not about Gravesend 21
Irish Plants not in Great Britain 39
Kent (Scarce Plants in, or those which seldom occur) 19
List of Botanists 82
Mosses () Number of Families and Species
Monthly Botany about Gravesend 52 to 74
Marine Plants at (or near) Gravesend 49
Margate Plants not about Gravesend 20
New Plants added to Dr Smiths Compendium 51
Number of Plants in Great Britain
O Oxford (Plants peculiar to) 81
Plants difficult to dry
Plants wanted by Author to complete his Hortus siccus
Peculiar Properties in Plants 35
Odour in Plants 43
Taste in Plants 45
Plants when dried which keep their colour 47
Plants not in Kent (yet found) 85
Rare Plants of Britain noticed by Dr Smith 11
not noticed 19
about Gravesend 23 & 76
Scottish Plants not in England 24
Sheppey Plants not noticed by Mr Jacobs
Shropshire (Plants peculiar to) 78
Sunderland (Plants peculiar to)
Transported or Transplanted Plants 37
Time of some Blowing Plants to know the Season
Index
U
Y Yorkshire Plants not in Kent 83
[Page] 11 The Rare Plants of Great Britain marked as such, in Dr Smith’s Compendium of Botany.
The word rariss means the most Rare
rar. Salicornia fruticosa rar. Chara gracilis rar. Fraxinus heterophylla rariss. Veronica hybrida rariss. Cyperus longus rar. Panicum sanguinale rar. Knappia agrostidea rar. Lolium arvense rar. Galium spurium rar. Echium Italicum rar. Lysimachia thyrsiflora rar. Anagallis cerulea – Corn Fields Ludsdown rar. Polemonium ceruleum rar. Campanula rampunculoides rar. Campanula hederacea rariss. Lobelia avens rar. Impatiens noli me tangere rar. Lonicerna Xylosteum rar. Eryngium campestre
[Page 12] The Rare Plants in Great Britain rar. Glaucium violaceum rar. Papaver hybridum rar. Cistus marifolius rar. ------guttatus rar. ------ledifolius rar. ------surrejanus [Helianthemum nummularium] rar. ------polifolius rar. Anemone ranunculoides rar. Teucrium scordium rar. Mentha odorata rar. ------acutifolia rar. ------gentialis rar. Lamium maculatum rar. Galeopsis villosa rar. Bartsia alpina rar. Melampyrum cristatum rar. Antirrhinum repens rar. Scrophularia vernalis rar. Linnea borealis rar. Vella annua rar. Alyssum maritimum rar. Lepidium hirtum
[Page] 13 The Rare Plants of Great Britain rar. Saxifraga moschata rar. Scleranthus perennis rar. Dianthus prolifer rar. ------caesius rar. Cucubalus baccifer rar. Silene otites rar. ------armeria rar. Cotyledon lutea rar. Sedum sexangulare rar. ------album rar. ------rupestre rar. Lychnis Viscaria rar. Asarum europaeum rar. Lythrum hyssopifolium rar. Euphorbia exigua - Corn Fields Thong rar. ------lathyris rar. ------hibernia rar. ------characias rar. Fragaria elatior rar. Potentilla fruticosa rar. ------rupestris rar. Tormentilla reptans rar. Actea spicata
[Page 14] The Rare Plants of Great Britain rar. Tordylium officinale rar. Tordylium maximum rar. Caucalis latifolia rar. Athamanta libanotis rar. Staphylea pinnata rar. Drosera anglica rariss. Allium ampeloprasum rar. Allium schoenoprasum rar. Ornithogalum luteum rar. ------pyrenaicum rar. ------nutans rar. Anthericum serotinum rar. Convallaria verticillata rar. ------polygonatum rar. Juncus gracilis rar. Alisma damafonium rar. Epilobium roseum rar. Daphne mezereum rar. Elatine hydropiper rar. Pyrola rotundifolia rar. Chrysosplenium alternifolium Boxley Street rariss. Saxifraga hirculus rar. ------caepitosa
[Page] 15 The Rare Plants in Great Britain rar. Thlaspi arvense rar. Cochlearia danica rar. Iberis amara rar. Isatis tinctoria rar. Dentaria bulbifera rar. Cardamine bellidifolia rar. ------amara rar. Sisymbrium monense rar. Erysimum praecox rar. Hesperis inodora rar. Arabis stricta rar. Geranium nodosum rar. Lavatera arborea rar. Fumaria capreolata rar. Genista pilosa rar. Orobus sylvaticus rar. Lathyrus aphaca rar. ------hirsutus rar. ------latifolius rariss. Vicia hybrida rar. ------laevigata rar. ------bithynica rar. Tragopogon porrifolius
[Page 16] The Rare Plants in Great Britain rar. Sonchus caerulens rar. Lactuca scariola rar. Hieracium bubium rar. Crepis foetida rar. ------pulchra rar. Carduus tenuiflorus rar. Cnicus tuberosus rar. Santolina maritima rar. Artemisia campestris rar. Gnaphalium margaritaceum rar. ------gallicum rar. Tussilago hybrida rar. Senecio viscosus rariss. ------paludosus rar. Doronicum pardalianches rar. Pyrethrum maritimum rar. Anthemis maritima rar. ------tinctoria rar. Centauria jacea rariss. ------solstitialis Northfleet Cliffs rariss. Orchis hircina Wilmington rar. Epipactis ensifolia. rar. ------rubra Otford Mount Woods
[Page] 17 The Rare Plants in Great Britain
rariss. Cyprideum calceolus rar. Typha angustifolia Shorne (Lower) rar. ------minor rar. Carex curta rar. ------axillaris rar. ------incurva rar. ------clandestina rar. ------depauperata rar. ------tomentosa rar. Xanthium strumarium rar. Amaranthus blitum rar. Ceratophyllum verticillatum rar. Salix purpurea rar. Salix rubra rar. Atriplex erecta rar. ------pedunculata
[Page 18] Rare Cryptogamia of Dr Smith’s Compendium
rar. Aspidium Thelypteris rar. ------lobatum rar. ------spinulosum rar. Adiantum capillus veneris rar. Woodsia hyperborea rar. Trichomanes brevisetum rar. Dicranum interruptum rar. ------spurium rar. ------montanum rar. ------tamarindifolium rar. Tortula brevifolia rar. Pterogonum Smithii rar. Neckera pumila rar. Hypdum recognitum rar. ------cordifolium rar. ------dubium rar. ------crista castrensis rar. Mnium conoideum rar. Bryum roseum
[Page] 19
Rare Plants not noticed by Dr Smith but R Pocock thinks ought to be marked as such as they do not occur but seldom in Kent or in the Neighbourhood of Gravesend
Chrysosplenium alternifolium Boxley Street Mentioned by Dr S.
Campanula hybrid [Legousia hybrida (L.) Delarbre] Chalk Gravel Pit, Southfleet
Atropa belladonna [Atropa belladonna L.]
Inula helenium [Inula helenium L.]
Ophrys spiralis viz Neottia spiralis [Spiranthes spiralis (L.) Chevall.] Woolwich Sand Pits
Cicuta virosa [Cicuta virosa L.]
[Page 20] Plants about Margate not at Gravesend
See Margate Guide for Plants 1st Edition
Golden samphire Aster or Inula chrithmoides [Inula crithmoides L.]
Grass Leaved orache (Atriplex littoralis) [Atriplex littoralis L.] near the Pier at Ramsgate – In August
Sea Rocket Bunias cakile [Cakile maritima Scop.]
Water Avens [Geum rivale L.]
Solid Fumitory
Prickly Glasswort Salsola Kali [Salsola kali L.]– In July
Sea Campion [Silene uniflora] and Dover Campion
Smooth Sea Heath (Frankenia) [Frankenia laevis L.]– In August
Golden saxifrage [Chrysoplenium]
Mountain Stonecrop
Purple Goats Beard [Tragopogon porrifolius]
Sea Colewort
Gold of Pleasure [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz]
Stink Weed (A Plant so called)
Two flowered Rush (In the Brooks)
Sea chamomile in waste Ground near the Sea
Yellow Orchis in the Field near Sackets Hill
Podded Fucus
Sea Cudweed on the Hill from Birchington to Brooksend
[Page] 21 Isle of Sheppey Plants not about Gravesend
Elicampane
Spiral Orchis
Yellow Horned Poppy (Chelidonium) [Glaucium flavum Crantz] Near Sheerness
Eryngo
Prickly Glasswort (Salsola Kali) [Salsola kali L]
Sea chickweed (Arenaria peploides) [Honckenya peploides Ehrh.] On Shellness July
Golden Samphire (Inula Chrithmoides) [Inula crithmoides L.] marshes Aug
Narrow leaved Orache (Atriplex serrata) [Atriplex littoralis L.] Near Sheerness Aug
Jagged Orache (Atriplex lacianata) [Atriplex lacianata L.] Near Sheerness Aug
Sea Rocket (Bunias Cakile) [Cakile maritima Scop.] near Sheerness June
Sea Cranesbill (Geranium maritimum) [Erodium maritimum (L.) L’Her.] Shellness Aug
Sea Campion Silene amana or Lychnis maritima [Silene uniflora Roth] August
Sea Heath (Frankenia laevis) [Frankenia laevis L.] Near Minster August
Purple Goats Beard (Tragopogon) [Tragopogon porrifolius L.] Marsh Sheerness June
Teasel headed Trefoil, On Sheerness June
[Page 22] Deal and Dover Plants not about Gravesend
Creeping Rest Harrow
Golden Samphire
Sea Bindweed Convolvulus on the Sand Downs July
Samphire Crithmum maritimum [Crithmum maritimum L.] Cliff at St Margarets Aug
Sea Cranesbill on the Sand Downs near Deal Aug
Herb Paris, True Love, or One Berry Waldershare May
Prickly Glasswort
Sea Campion on the Sand Hills near Deal July
Squinancywort (Asperula) [Asperula cynanchica L.] Dover Cliffs July
Purple Goats beard Tragopogon [Tragopogon porrifolius L.] Marshes June
Hairy Tower Mustard (Turritis hirsuta) [Arabis hirsuta (L.) Scop.]
Salix Sand Willow Sand Hills near Deal June
Mountain Stone-crop On Beach near Sandown Castle Aug
Insipid Stone-crop (Sedum sexangulare) [Sedum sexangulare L.] July
Gold of Pleasure Myagrum [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] near Sandwich with Flax June
Sea Colewort at St Margarets Cliffe June
Masterwort
The Troublesome Weed on Thanet called Stink Weed
Silene Conica [Silene conica L.] North of Sandown Castle plenty June
[Page] 23
Rare Plants found by R Pocock in the Vicinity of Gravesend, not generally mentioned by authors nor by Mr Hasted in his History of Gravesend Juncus trifidus Scirpus setaceus [Isolepis setacea (L.) R. Br.] At Reservoir Randall Wood, Gravesend Caucalis daucoides [Orlaya daucoides L.?] White Hill Field near to Thong Lane Echinophora spinose [Echinophora spinosa L.] Marshes bottom of Gally Hill Lane North. See # below r Isatis tinctoria [Isatis tinctoria L.] In Randall Wood 5 or 6 Plants (1820) Lepidium ruderale [Lepidium ruderale L.] Northfleet Dock yard Arenaria verna [Minuartia verna (L.) Hiern] Russel Field S side Southfleet r Orchis hircine [Himantoglossum hircinum (L.) Spreng.] About Wilmington and Roe Hill Ophrys aranifera [Ophrys sphegodes Mill.] Waste Ground above Greenhithe Chalk Pits r Centauria solstitialis [Centaurea solstitialis L.] In Old Road between Gravesend and Northfleet Myosurus minimus [Myosurus minimus L.] In Ditchside north of Shorne Battery Plantago (Proliferous!) Two Roots apparently distinct, or perhaps come from one root joined underground; I have observed them 4 or 5 years past on the Saltings (next the river between Mr Roshers House and Red Lion Wharf!) Turritis Between Mr Roshers & Red Lion Wharf (NB line linking this to Erysimum comment below)
Milium lendigerum [Gastridium ventricosum (Gouan) Schinz & Thell.] in old Gravel Pit near East Tilbury
Symphytum about Dartford Paper Mill r Erysimum precox [Barbarea verna (Mill.) Asch.] In walk from the Church to Mill Hill Shorne. This appears to be what I supposed Turritis 3 lines above. This plant is not mentioned by Dr Withering in 3rd edition. Symbol? Continued at Page 76 # The Echinophora spinosa (above said) appears to be the Ligusticum meum of Dr Smith’s Compendium. No, it is Peucedanum Silaus. No that’s wrong, as at first Those marked r are the rare plants of Dr Smiths
[Page 26] English Plants not in Scotland
[Page] 27 English Plants not in Scotland
Sagittaria sagittifolia [Sagittaria sagittifolia L.] – Arrow-head
[Page] 29 Foreign Plants etc. about Gravesend
Bigonia radicans [Begonia radicans Vell.] In Mr John M Evans Garden
Rhamnus alaturnus [Rhamnus alaternus L.] May Evergreen Chalk Parsonage Corner of Thong Lane
Stapelia hirsute [Stapelia hirsuta L.] Carrion Flower In Mr Clarkes Garden July 21 1823 in bloom
[Page] 31 Foreign Plants etc. at the Earl of Darnly’s
Salisburia adiantifolia so called in honor of Mr Salisbury from China or Japan, (named by Linneus, Ginkgo) [Ginkgo biloba L.] In Cobham Hall Garden in 1821 20 feet high. Said to come from Japan in 1753
Xanthoxylum clava herculis [Zanthoxylum clava-herculis L.] The Toothach Tree From (Jamaica) North America 4 feet high with winged leaves in 1822. Introduced into Britain in 1739 blown in March
Mimosa elegans? Note. No such name as Elegans is in Dr Turtons. But Andrews has it in his Botanical Repository: Donn ranks it as Acacia lophanta from New Holland in 1803 [Paraserianthes lophantha (Willd.) I.C. Nielsen]
Araucaria imbricata; [Araucaria araucana (Molina) K Koch] or Sir Joseph Banks Pine from Chili introduced into Great Britain in 1796 about 4 feet high 1822 planted in the open air near the Temple of Cupid. - This is a rare & curious young Tree the Leaves not unlike the Butchers Broom
Quercus phellos [Quercus phellos L.] or Willow leaved Oak from North America. (I believe near New York, but said to be even scarce there – It is 1822 about 9 Feet high but does not appear healthy by being smothered likely by the trees taller than itself – It was first introduced to this Kingdom in 1724
Stuartia malachodendrum [Stewartia malacodendron L.] – A Shrub 9 Feet high 1821 from Carolina with spear shaped serrate leaves & white Flowers – In Andrews Botanical Repository it is called Marylandica
Koelreutaria paniculata [Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm.] – From China in 1763 flowering in July its panicle being axillary and narrow and its leaves alternate, unequally winged with leaflets laciniate & obtuse at tip.
[Page] 33 Foreign Plants &c at Lord Eardley’s
[Page] 35 Peculiar Properties in Plants
Plantago media [Plantago media L.] (Hoary Plantain) On August 20 1821 I gathered a stem of this plant 15 inches high, just out of flower, (the plant had 14 such stems) and I found it peculiarly tough, so as to strike me it would if manufactured like unto Flax be of much Utility and turn into an article of commerce, so I laid the same into water for a few days, and will give the result; as I think it being a Perennial & growing upon poor chalky land, if planted close its spikes would shoot up higher and produce a much larger Crop than Flax, and equal Hemp – I do not find Mr Salisbury has noticed this Plant – Mem. – I tried it by laying it in Water about a Week or 10 Days and it produced some fine Fibres capable of being manufactured into Ropes!
Mem. - On May 5, 6 & 7th 1822 The Boys and Children of the Town are amusing themselves with getting green Stalks of Wheat likely Rye as it is near 3 feet high; and from a Joint cutting it off about 4 or 5 inches when it makes a squeaking or whistling Noise!
Mem. - The Boys of Northfleet take much delight in eating the Berries (when Black) of Viburnum which grows plentifully about the Chalk Cliffs.
[Page] 37 Transported or Transplanted Plants
Ophrys aranifera [Ophrys sphegodes Mill.] – From Greenhithe Gravel Pits to the Gravel Pits of Chalke. – Also to the Bank of 2 Field east of 12 Step Stile going to Southfleet. – Also in Marsh next to Shorn Battery eastward on a Hillock. Satyrium hircinum [Himantoglossum hircinum (L.) Spreng.] From Wilmington to Denton in 3 places. – Two Roots (each near an Ash Tree) in the North Hedge adjoining the Turnpike Road (Old) the second Field west from Chalk Turnpike planted there March 1821 – A Root set close to a Cotton Shrub (Viburnum) side of a Bank the second Field from the 12 Step Stile eastward, & South of a Lane called the Roman Road not far from an old Elder Tree in a hollow of bank. Flowered in 1824. Another Root set south side of a Hedge in front of an Ash Tree in the hedge having a Gash in the Bark to find it out
This Hedge runs Eastward being the second field from Parrock and is the Field before you come into White Hill Lane – The Ash Tree is about 50 yards from the Road of Parrock to White Hill.
Cypripedium calceolus [Cypripedium calceolus L.] or Ladies Slipper, (sent me from Sunderland near which Town at a place called Castle-Eden Dene they are found) – I planted 2 Roots in a marsh at the end of the marshes south side of Stone Bridge, now belonging to Mr Russel of Swanscombe. The marsh has a Stable, Hut, or Building erected in it, and not far from it is a Single Tree, at the foot of which I planted one Root, and by a willow bending over the brook I planted the other Root just before the time of their coming into Bloom. A third Root I planted in Mr Russel’s Garden under his Care and it has there blown in.
Pinguicula - A Root received from Sunderland and got from the above Place I planted by the Bending Willow at the Spring near where I planted the Ladies Slipper.
[Page] 39 Irish Plants not in Great Britain
[Page] 41 Foreign Plants at Mr Russels Swanscomb
[Page] 43 Peculiar Odour in British Plants
Orchis militaris [Orchis militaris L.] smells like the Torquay Bean and the Leaves kept in a Book improve in Flavour
Trifolium officinale [Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall.] smells like new mown Hay: This Plant is said to be much disliked in Essex by the Farmers, altho to me it seems worthy of Cultivation but I think I heard a Miller say that certain Seeds getting among the wheat when ground, diminishes the Quality and that the Seed of this Plant was one which may be a just cause of its being disliked. (I think he said the substance of the Seed was Black.)
[Page] 45 Peculiar Taste in British Plants
[Page] 47 Plants when dried which keep their Colour
Marsh Marygold [Caltha palustris L.]
One Berry True Love [Paris quadrifolia L. – Herb-Paris]
Sium [Sium latifolium L.]
Sea Wormwood [Artemisia maritima L.]
Hellebore virides [Helleborus viridis L.]
Viburnum opulus [Viburnum opulus L.]
Medicago Arabica [Medicago arabica (L.) Huds.]
Enchanters nightshade [Circaea lutetiana L.]
[Page] 49 Marine Plants at or near Gravesend
Ulva (Lavor) Latissima [Ulva latissima L.]– Broad leaved Laver – In Ditch next the Sea Wall adjoining to the westward of Shorne Mead Battery. In the Canal from Cliffe Creek to Cliffe Chalk Pits May 3 1822
Tubularia muscoides – Tubular wrinkled Coralline. At the end of Gravesend Stone Causeway (plenty)
[Page 50] New Plants added to Dr Smiths Compendium
Sanguisorba Canadensis [Sanguisorba canadensis L.] Found by one of Lord Balmuto’s Daughters (in 1818 or 1819) in Scotland and a Paper on which was read by J. R. Scott Lecturer on Botany before the Wernerian Society of Edinburgh. – Mr Scott had the Honor to instruct Lord Balmuto’s two Daughters and likewise the Families of Lord Glenlee etc. in Botany.
Mr S. is an excellent Poet as shewn in the Craniad, a satirical Poem on the system of Dr Gall & Spurzheim. Mr S. was a surgeon in the Navy. Mr S. died Sept 1821
-& Mr Brooks of Blenheim Street informed me he died insane! – Mr B. was a Relation & Trustee to Mrs Scott.
A Proliferous Species of Sea Plantain [Plantago maritima L.] I have found growing without the Salting (viz the next to the River there being no Plant beyond it). I have observed it 3 or 4 years past and can only find this Plant the Root of which appears spread under Ground so as to look like two Roots but I dare say if examined will be found only one – It grows between Mr Roshers Wharf and the Red Lion Wharf, Northfleet I found it in 1821 but could not find it again in 1822.
Myosotis alpestris [Myosotis alpestris F.W. Schmidt] – This is a beautiful Plant about 4 Inches high. Root Leaves spear shaped on long leaf stalks – Flowers Blue, which I reced from Scotland May 1822 through the Favor of Patrick Neil Esq of Edinburgh it appears to have been found on the summit of Ben Lawers.
[Page] 51 Doubtful Plants if such exist in Britain
[Page] 52 Monthly Botany about Gravesend January
[Page] 54 Monthly Botany about Gravesend February
15th Visit Stanstead for Lathrea squamaria [Lathrea squamaria L.] Toothwort and Mr Walters for Bee Orchis [Ophrys apifera Huds.]
[Page] 56 Monthly Botany about Gravesend
March
22nd Visit Sutton & Wilmington Parishes for Lizard and Bee Orchis etc. [Himantoglossum hircinum (L.) Spreng. & Ophrys apifera Huds.] they having been out of Ground all the winter & transplant
Also Pyramid Orchis [Anacamptis pyramidalis (L.) Rich.]
Also Alder [Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.] at Wooden Bridge over Darenth River between Powder and Paper Mills Dartford
Also Bloom (at Bathing Place) of Cornelian Cherry [Cornus mas L.]
[Page] 58 Monthly Botany about Gravesend April
1st week Get Spider Orchis [Ophrys sphegodes Mill.] and transplant elsewhere
14th Visit Boxley Street in the rill of water for the Opposite-leaved Golden Saxifrage [Chrysosplenium oppositifolium L.] now in bloom & plenty there and transplant some to Spring Head & Northfleet Brooks.
Visit Nursery Garden Maidstone for British Plants
Visit Barming for English Specimens
22 Visit Banks of Thames between Greenwich & Woolwich for the Snowflake Leucojum Aestivum [Leucojum aestivum L.]
30 Get Sagina erecta [Moenchia erecta (L.) P. Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.] S.W. Path going down Furze Hill from Gravesend Mill
[Page] 60 Monthly Botany about Gravesend
May
3 Visit Ditch next Sea Wall at Shorne Mead Battery for the Mousetail [Myosurus minimus L.]
15 Visit Willesboro Lees near Ashford for the Sweet Gale [Myrica gale L.]
Visit Chapel Wood Merston North end for Birdsnest Orchis [Neottia nidus-avis (L.) Rich.] 20 Pyrus Hybrida at Ld Darnley going out Bloom the 21st.
24 Visit St Margarets near Dover for Silene Nutans [Silene nutans L.]
27 Visit Mr Russels Garden for Bladder Nut Tree [Staphylea pinnata L.]
29 Visit Pit near Charlton Church for Turritis glabra (Smooth T. Mustard) [Turritis glabra L.]
30 Visit Mr Law Ruck [Rock?] Garden for Shrubby Cinquefoil [Potentilla fruticosa L.]
[Page] 62 Monthly Botany about Gravesend June
2 Visit 12 Step Stile Field for Rough headed Poppy Papaver argemone [Papaver argemone L.] 7 Visit White Hill Fields for Rough headed Poppy (P. argemone) [Papaver argemone L.]
Visit Camer Woods for Bee Orchis [Ophrys apifera Huds.] and Serapias [Serapias parviflora Parl.]
14 Visit Northfleet Cliffs for Chlora perfoliata [Blackstonia perfoliata (L.) Huds.] Visit 12 Step Stile for Lizard Orchis Bloom [Himantoglossum hircinum (L.) Spreng.]
Visit Sandwich among the Flax for Gold of Pleasure [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz.] 15 Visit Sand Hills Deal for the Sand Willow [Salix repens L.]
17 Visit Field south side of the Russels Southfleet for Arenaria verna [Minuartia verna (L.) Hiern]
30 Visit about Croken Hill about Raspberries for Bee Orchis plenty in Bloom [Ophrys apifera Huds.]
[Page 63]
20 Visit Beach at Walmer for Sea Pea [Lathyrus japonicus Willd.]
[Page] 64 Monthly Botany about Gravesend July
2 Visit South of Mausoleum for Salvia pratensis [Salvia pratensis L.] Bee Orchis, Fly, etc.
9 Visit [Altrops?] Bottom for Serapias rubra [Cephalanthera rubra (L.) Rich.] going to Otford
10 Visit Hook Green near Meopham for Lathyrus Aphaca yellow Vetchling [Lathyrus aphaca L.]
Visit Sheppey near Minster for Frankenia (Sea Heath) [Frankenia laevis L.] August Visit near Sheerness for Insipid Stone Crop Visit Isle of Sheppey for creeping Sea Campion [Silene uniflora Roth] 15 Visit Shellness Sheppey for the Sea Bindweed [Calystegia soldanella (L.) R. Br.] Visit Kings Head Key Faversham for Dittander or Pepperwort [Lepidium latifolium L.] Visit near Decoy Ponds Graveney for Saw wort [Serratula tinctoria L.]
17 Visit Snodland Brooks for Masterwort [Imperatoria ostruthium L.] & Meadow Rue [Thalictrum flavum L.] Visit Otford Mount Woods for Serapias rubra [Cephalanthera rubra (L.) Rich.] near [Altrops?] Bottom
20 Visit Sandhills Deal for narrow leaved Campion Visit South of Mausoleum for Salvia pratensis [Salvia pratensis L.]
26 Visit Field south of Norfleet Brooks where Path comes into it from the Brooks & at the NE Corner at the foot of a willow which stands at the utmost corner I planted July 29 1823 a Root of the Epipactys Rubra [which I got on Otford Mount Hill July 9 1823 [Cephalanthera rubra (L.) Rich.]
27 Visit Plantation adjoining 3 Crouch Lane opposite Poulterers Yards Brewers Gate Cobham Park for Serapias latifolia [Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz]
29 Visit Northfleet Brooks (S Side) for yellow Loosestrife [Lysimachia vulgaris L.] See 26th
[Page 65]
24th Visit Wimbledon (Surry) as there may be found to Day the Hazel leaf Bramble, American Cudweed [Gnaphalium purpureum L.], Marsh Violet [Viola palustris L.], Common Saw-wort [Serratula tinctoria L.], Field Marygold [Calendula arvensis L.] & others not at Gravesend.
[Page] 66 Monthly Botany about Gravesend
August
4 Visit Field opposite Ivy House for Stachys Palustris [Stachys palustris L.] (in Bloom) worth putting in a garden as a Perennial Root tuberous
14 Visit Road between New Cross Turnpike and Lewisham for Dipsacus pilosus [Dipsacus pilosus L.] or Small Teazle.
15 Visit Sheppey near Minster for Smooth Sea Heath [Frankenia laevis L.] Visit Winchelsea Castle for Teucrium Chamedrys [Teucrium chamaedrys L.] Visit for Woolly headed Thistle [Cirsium eriophorum (L.) Scop.]
17 Visit Walmer Beach for the Sea Pea (peculiar there) [Lathyrus japonicus Willd.]
20 Visit Wingham Bogs; also Stone Bridge Bogs Faversham for Yellow Willow Herb or Loosestrife [Lysimachia vulgaris L.] See July 29th Visit Beach near Sand down Castle for Mountain Stone Crop Visit Sandhills Deal for Sand Willow Trifolium suffocatum [Trifolium suffocatum L.]
Visit west side of Dungeness near Lydd for Sea Pea [Lathyrus japonicus Willd.] 25 Visit dry Fish Pond Randall Heath for Peplis Portula [Lythrum portula (L.) D.A.Webb]
[Page] 68 Monthly Botany about Gravesend September
2 Visit Randall Heath for the white Mullen [Verbascum lychnitis L.] found July 25th in bloom
5 Visit Wateringbury Churchyard for Pimpinella Major [Pimpinella major (L.) Huds.]
7th Visit Shellness Sheppey for Prickly Glass Wort, Spiral Orchis [Spiranthes spiralis (L.) Chevall.]
9 Visit Shorne Church Lane for Erysimum Precox [Barbarea verna (Mill.) Asch.]
12 Visit Northfleet Brooks for Purple flower Moneywort [Lysimachia nummularia L.?]
15 Visit Deal Sand Hill N of Sandown Castle for Eryngo [Eryngium campestre,L.] a hairy Silene, Sand Willow (Argentea) [Salix repens L.] & prolifer Stellaria
Visit Field SE part of Swanscomb Wood for Panicum Viride [Setaria viridis (L.) P.Beauv.]
19 Visit Woolwich Pits for Spiral Orchis [Spiranthes spiralis (L.) Chevall.] and Turritis [Turritis glabra L.]
[Page] 70 Monthly Botany about Gravesend October
7th Visit Chalk Pits near India Arms Northfleet for the (Centaurea solstitialis) yellow flower Thistle [Centaurea solstitialis L.]
20 Visit Road at Falstaffs going to the Telegraph, at the Stile going into the Gravel Pits for a Hawkweed 2 feet high. Leaves sitting alternate (except in the middle is one pair opposite) with 1 or 2 large Teeth to each not much unlike Umbellatum but the Leaves are broader and the distant few tooth segments is enough.
30 Visit Greenhithe Gravel Pits for the Leaves of the Spider Orchis for when the frost comes it nips their Ends [Ophrys sphegodes Mill.]
[Page] 72 Monthly Botany about Gravesend
November
5 Visit Clarks Garden for Silene Armeria which has redish flowers (small) like Dianthus Armeria. I found it there Nov 12 1822 near Green House. The Gardener called it the Annual Catchfly. – It is rare! – and mentioned in this Book p13
10 Visit Dover for Fucus digitalis, as 2 plants were brought me from hence in this month by Mr Fellgate Visit Mr Pitts Garden Gravesend for the Treacle Wormseed [Erysimum cheiranthoides L.]
23 Visit South side of Gravel Pit Gally Hill and the Hedge from White Post to Mr Suppers for the pretty Nidularia campanulata with Seeds lying in the Concavity like an inverted Bell!
[Page] 74 Monthly Botany about Gravesend December
[Page] 76 Rare Plants found by R. Pocock in the Vicinity of Gravesend unnoticed by authors Continued from Page 23 Campanula hybrid In Chalke Gravel Pit Peucedanum Silaus [Silaum silaus (L.) Schinz & Thell. – Pepper-saxifrage] In Greenhithe Marshes Eastwards r. Anagallis cerulean [Anagallis arvensis Ssp foemina (Mill.) Schinz & Thell.- Blue Pimpernel] Fields about Luddesdown r. Tordylium [Tordylium maximum L. – Hartwort] From Tilbury Fort to Chadwell r. Euphorbium exigua [Euphorbia exigua L. – Dwarf Spurge] Fields to Swanscombe r. Typha angustifolia [Typha angustifolia L. – Lesser Bulrush] Ditch at Lower Shorne Jasione montana [Jasione montana L. – Sheep’s-bit] Tilbury (East) Gravel Pit r. Papaver hybridum [Papaver hybridum L. – Rough Poppy] White Hill towards Thong Sept 30 Antirrhinum hybri orontium [Misopates orontium (L.) Raf. – Weasel’s-snout] White Hill to Thong Lithospermum purpuroceruleum [Lithospermum purpureocaeruleum L. – Purple Gromwell] Swanscomb Wood April Anagallis tenella [Anagallis tenella (L.) L. – Bog Pimpernel] Northfleet Brooks Sept 12 1813 Scilla autumnalis [Scilla autumnalis L. – Autumn Squill] Chalk Gravel Pits August 20 to October Samolus valerandi [Samolus valerandi L. – Brookweed] Tilbury Marshes to Chadwell Turritis glabra [Turritis glabra L. – Tower Mustard] In Randall Wood This is what I supposed was the woad Isatis tinctoria Veronica montana [Veronica montana L. – Wood Speedwell] Gadds Hill Wood Ruppia maritima [Ruppia maritima L. – Beaked Tasselweed] In Ditches Panicum viride [Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv.- - Green Bristle-grass] Field Next or near Swanscomb Wood by Spring Head Lane wherein is a Chalk Hole 1823 Sept. Erysimum cheiranthoides [Erysimum cheiranthoides L. – Treacle-mustard] In Mr Pitts Garden Nov 5 1824
[Page] 77 The Appearance and Reappearance of some Plants
Isatis tinctorial [Isatis tinctoria L. – Woad] – Found in Randall Wood in 1819 5 or 6 Plants could not be found there in 1821 when the wood was grown up but in 1819 the wood had been cut down. #
Caucalis daucoides [Orlaya grandiflora L. Hoffm.?] - Found in White Hill Field it could not be found there in 1821
# Turritis glabra [Turritis glabra L. – Tower Mustard ] more likely than the Isatis tinctoria
[Page] 78 Shropshire Plants
Eriophorum vaginatum, Single-headed Cotton Grass February to April Ancott Bog near Salop
Carex pendula Wood between Buildwas Inn and the Birches
------tomentosa Downy Sedge woolly Capsules: At Eaton [Shrop.] June
------Flava, Yellow Sedge or HedgeHog Grass about Eaton [Shrop.] June
Viola palustris Marsh Violet Almond Park Salop April & May
Vaccinum Vitis Idea Red Whortle Berries Stiperstones near Salop April
Dianthus deltoids near Bridgnorth July to Oct
Sedum Telephium, Orpine Rocks on Haugheman Hill August
Iberis nudicaulis, Rock Cress Harmer Hill near Salop May
Cardamine petrea, Ladies Smock By 1st mile-[stone] from Salop to Welch [Welsh] Pool June
Geranium sylvaticum Near Hales Owen June & July
Vicia sylvatica, Wood Vetch [Shelton] Bank near Salop July
Colchium autumnale Wellington & Hales Owen Salop
(Pocock seems to have created this list with help from, ‘An Arrangement of British Plants’, by William Withering, 1796)
[Page] 79 Bristol (Plants about)
Carex pulicaris, Flea Carex St Vincent Rocks June
clandestine St Vincents Rocks April
Festuca bromoides, Barren Fescue Top of Brandon Hill May
Rubia tinctorum, Wild madder Wood opposite St Vincents in June
Bupleurum tenuissimum Bogs near Cooks Folly In July
Stachys arvensis, Corn Woundwort St Vincents Rocks June
Draba petreum, Dittander St Vincents Rocks & Walls March & Apr
Cardamine flexuosa, Zigzag Ladies Smock Bogs June
Arabis stricta, Rough Turkey Pod St Vincents May
Turritis hirsute, Hairy Towerwort St Vincents June
Leontodon Hispidum, Rough Dandelion June
Hieracium paludosum, Marsh Hawkweed June & July
Lepidium petreum On the Walls about Bristol Mar & Apr
(Pocock seems to have created this list with help from, ‘An Arrangement of British Plants’, by William Withering, 1796)
No page number Cambridge Plants
See the other side from Professor Henslow
Athamanta libanotis Gogmagog Hills July 9 1822
Gentiana campestris Isle of Man 1819
Arabis turritis Cambridge 1821
Orchis conopsea Hinton Cambridgeshire
Lemna minor Coton Cambridgeshire To July 15 1822 ______
[Page] 80 Cambridge Plants Ophrys loeselii, Dwarf Twyblade On Hinton Moor and other moors near Cambridge. See Flora Cantab Athamanta libanotis Chalk pit close near Hinton August
Silene anglica Near the Devils Ditch June to July
Stellaria glauca Dutch Banks in Isle of Ely plenty June
Thalictrum minus, Lesser Rue-weed Gogmagog Hills July
Melampyrum cristatum, Crested Cow Wheat Woods June
Arabis Turrita On Trinity & St Johns College Walls May & June
Lathyrus Aphaca Yellow Vetchling June to Sept Hinton near Cambridge & Sandy Corn Fields
Leontodon taraxacon Hinton Moor (Piss a Bed) June
Plants received from Professor Henslow Cambridge In Dec 1822
Erysimum cheiranthoides Ely July 6 1822
Verbascum blattaria Chertsey Surrey June 19th 1822
Hypericum pulchrium Windsor Berks June 12 1822
Glaucium violaceum Swaffham Cambridge May 1822
Chironia littoralis [Centaurium littorale] Holy Island Northumberland
Valeriana dentate Coton Cambridgeshire July 15 1822
Myriophyllum verticillatum Backsbite Cambridge 7th Aug 1822
Menyanthes nymphoides Littleport Cambridge 2 Aug 1822
Galeopsis versicolor Littleport Cambridge 2 Aug 1822
Utricularia vulgaris Backsbite Cambridge 7 Aug 1822
Parnassia palustris Bottisham Cambridge 12 Sept 1822
Teucrium scordium Ely Cambridgeshire 29 July 1822
Thesium linophyllum Devils Ditch Cambridge 11 July 1822
[Page] 81 Oxford Plants
Carex strigosa Loose Sedge –Slender eared broad leaved Cypress Grass with many spikes woods near Oxford
Festuca tenuifolia Bullington Green In June
Bromus madritensis Wall Brome Grass Old Walls Oxford May
Potomogeton gramineun Grass leaved Pondweed – Ditches by the Roadside going to Port Meadow in July
Tordylium on Banks of the Roads near Oxford In June
Sium repens Moist Ground calld Cowley Bottom near Oxfd June
Monotropa hypopitys Primrose scented Birds Nest July
Pyrola rotundifolia Wintergreen Stoken Church Woods June
Anemone pratensis Burford Downs and Whichwood Forest Apr
Thlaspi perfoliatum Stone Pits between Witney & Burford Apr
(Pocock seems to have created this list with help from, ‘An Arrangement of British Plants’, by William Withering, 1796)
[Page] 82 List of (well skilled) Botanists
Mr Richard Peen Slopseller Gravesend (The Best)
Revd. Mr Phelps Snodland Kent
Mr Bennet Surgeon Edward St, Marybone
Mr Gray Junior Gentleman Hatton Garden, Holborn
Mrs and Misses Noble Barming
Mr Russel Swanscombe
Mr J Henslow Junior Rochester (Professor)
Mr Masters Nurseryman Canterbury
Mr Haworth Chelsea, who has all the Plants of Great Britain (except 8)
Miss Tucker Town Malling (Uses Withering)
Mr Rapley Bexley near Crayford
Mr Parkes Bexley near Crayford
Mr Simms at Mr Benson’s North Cray Bexley (Famous for cryptogamous plants)
[Page no number] Yorkshire Plants (not in Kent)
Cochlearia groenlandica Mountains near Settle April
Hieracium villosum Meer Gill foot of Ingleboro August
Solidago cambric Golden Rod Top of Ingleboro July
[Page] 83 Yorkshire Plants (not in Kent)
Ophrys cordata Heart-shaped Leaves On Ingleborough Serapias latifolia & also Ensifolia Festuca ovina On Ingleborough in June Epimedium alpinum Bingley Woods 6 miles from W Brierley June Ribes alpinum Woods & hedges In May ------spicatum near Richmond & by the Tees In May Selinum palustre [Thyselium palustre L. Milk-parsley] Wet moors near Whitgift, 4 miles from Trent June Rumex digynus Mountain Dock May to July Rhodiola rosea Rose root On Ingleborough to NW In June Andromeda polifolia [Andromeda polifolia L. Bog-rosemary] Thorn Moor & Turf Bogs In June Pyrola minor Lesser Wintergreen In June ------secunda Haslewood, near Sir W Vavasor’s Park In June Chrysoplenium alternifolium About Esholt on River Air April Saxifraga oppositifolia Heath-like Saxifrage Ingleborough May ------aizoides Yellow Mountain Saxifrage Ingleboro July Cotyledon lutea Yellow Navelwort June Sedum villosum Moist Rocks about Ingleborough June Rubus saxitilis Stone Bramble Helks Wood near Ingleton June ------chaemonorus Cloud-Berry Hills near Ingleton June Potentilla fruticosa South Banks of the Tees below Thorpe June Dryas octopetala Near Settle May Comarum palustre Marsh Cinquefoil Giggleswick near Settle May Actea spicata Baneberries on Ingleborough May & June Stratiotes aloides Water Soldier in Gyme near Thorn June Draba incana Whitlow grass Rock W of Ingleboro May to July Thlaspi montanum about ebbing well at Settle June & July Cochlearia officinalis Scurvy Grass Sea Shores Apr & May
[Page] 85 British Plants not yet (1822) found in Kent
Linnea Borealis
Stratiotes aloides
[Colchicum?] autumnale
Tofieldia palustris
Campanula hederacea
Illecebrum verticillum [verticillatum]
[Page] 86 The Number of Species among the Musci
[Page] 90 A List of Florists in Kent