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The Social Life of Khadi: Gandhi's Experiments with the Indian
The Social Life of Khadi: Gandhi’s Experiments with the Indian Economy, c. 1915-1965 by Leslie Hempson A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in the University of Michigan 2018 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Farina Mir, Co-Chair Professor Mrinalini Sinha, Co-Chair Associate Professor William Glover Associate Professor Matthew Hull Leslie Hempson [email protected] ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5195-1605 © Leslie Hempson 2018 DEDICATION To my parents, whose love and support has accompanied me every step of the way ii TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION ii LIST OF FIGURES iv LIST OF ACRONYMS v GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS vi ABSTRACT vii INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1: THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL DIVIDE 23 CHAPTER 2: ACCOUNTING FOR BUSINESS 53 CHAPTER 3: WRITING THE ECONOMY 89 CHAPTER 4: SPINNING EMPLOYMENT 130 CONCLUSION 179 APPENDIX: WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 183 BIBLIOGRAPHY 184 iii LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 2.1 Advertisement for a list of businesses certified by AISA 59 3.1 A set of scales with coins used as weights 117 4.1 The ambar charkha in three-part form 146 4.2 Illustration from a KVIC album showing Mother India cradling the ambar 150 charkha 4.3 Illustration from a KVIC album showing giant hand cradling the ambar charkha 151 4.4 Illustration from a KVIC album showing the ambar charkha on a pedestal with 152 a modified version of the motto of the Indian republic on the front 4.5 Illustration from a KVIC album tracing the charkha to Mohenjo Daro 158 4.6 Illustration from a KVIC album tracing -
GK Digest : December 2016
GK Digest : December 2016 India lifts Asian Champions Trophy The week is observed every year from 31st October, the birthday Anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. India has lifted the Men’s Asian Champions Trophy Hockey at Wisma Belia Hockey Stadium,Kuantan, Gujarati new year celebrated Malaysia. New Year Bestu Varas is being celebrated with India has defeated defending champions Pakistan 3-2 traditional zeal and fervour in Gujarat. to win the tournament. The next day after Diwali is marked as the beginning Earlier, India had won the inaugural edition of the of Hindu New Year Vikram Savanstar, which is Asian Champions Trophy by defeating Pakistan in the celebrated across Gujarat as a new year. final in 2011. The day is of special significance for traders and 31st October: World Cities Day businessmen as it is marked the beginning of the financial year for them and the new ledgers are The World is observing Cities Day with the opened on this auspicious day. commitment to work together for a planned and sustainable urban life in the wake of rapid growth of World Bank appoints Kristalina Georgieva population and problems. as chief executive This year, the United Nations (UN) has selected the The Former head of EU humanitarian affairs and vice- theme “Inclusive Cities, Shared Development” to president of the European commission Kristalina highlight the important role of urbanization as a Georgieva has been appointed the chief executive of source of global development and social inclusion. the World Bank. Vigilance Awareness Week being Recently, she lost out in the race to become United observed Nations (UN) secretary general. -
Horse Times 37.Pdf
VIEW POINT FROM THE CHAIRMAN passionate interest for horses, and how years to come. far he drove towards that dream. Like many horses, the name Hickstead Continuing with rich features, we do so will be printed in our memories for a with culture in delicious Morocco and its lifetime. To have seen him pass away, annual Salon du Cheval in El Jadida city was similar to and as emotional as developing and flourishing further every having witnessed a loved one also pass year. away. Worthy tears is what Hickstead got from the equestrian world, and the news Some say “It is very difficult to be on of his sudden death was sad - not only top and stay there.” That seems to be for the sport, but simply to us as viewers, unlikely when it comes to Kevin Staut, and certainly to his friends. the unofficial captain of the French team. Read more about his short term plans A continuation of “l’histoire d’amour” as well as those of Francois Mathy Jr., by Randa Barakat and her passion for who followed the footsteps of his father dressage and her hopes for the sport, and further; inside is a heart-to-heart and memoirs of Sietske Meerloo, who Dear Readers, talk with a man full with flair. Also read is participating in the 2012 Indian Horse more with another son following a father; Riding Challenge 2012 to raise funds for I am delighted to start off my letter by Olaf Petersen Jr. in our 60 Seconds fun Brooke Hospital for Animals. -
Access Final Report Reformattedx
Evaluation of the English Access Microscholarship Program FINAL REPORT December 2007 Prepared for: U.S. Department of State Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs Office of Policy and Evaluation Evaluation Division 2200 C Street NW Washington, D.C. 20522-0582 [email protected] Prepared by: Aguirre Division of JBS International, Inc. 5515 Security Lane, Suite 800 Rockville, MD 20852 Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................. vi Program Description & History ................................................................................................................. vi Effectiveness of the Access Program ....................................................................................................... vi Evaluation Findings ................................................................................................................................. vii Evaluation Purpose & Goals ..................................................................................................................... ix Evaluation Methodology .......................................................................................................................... ix Overall Evaluation Conclusions ................................................................................................................. x Recommendations .................................................................................................................................. -
A Work Project, Presented As Part of the Requirements for the Award of a Master
A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Master Degree in Management with major of International Business and strategy from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics. Appendixes for Nova SBE Internationalization Strategy to Morocco Yourkey Alber 1950 A Project carried out on the Master in Management Program, under the supervision of: Professor Elizabete Cardoso DATE 22/05/2016 Yourkey Alber 1950 Master in Management Table of Contents Research Dashboard Link: ................................................................................................................ 2 Appendixes for Nova SBE Internationalization Strategy to Morocco ............................................... 2 Appendix 1: Kotler and Armstrong Consumer model ............................................................. 2 Appendix 2 Geert Hofstede country culture index (Morocco) ................................................ 2 Appendix 3: Generations Characteristics ................................................................................. 3 Appendix 5: Nova Location ........................................................................................................ 6 Appendix 6: Analysis of Nova Brand in 3B,3E model.............................................................. 6 Appendix 7: Nova programs brand position C-D map Model ................................................ 7 Master in management ............................................................................................................ 8 International -
An Uneasy Alliance: Traders, Missionaries and Tamil
An Uneasy Alliance: Traders, Missionaries and Tamil Intermediaries in Eighteenth-Century French India by Danna Agmon A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Anthropology and History) in The University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Diane Owen Hughes, Co-Chair Professor Sumathi Ramaswamy, Co-Chair, Duke University Professor Dena Goodman Professor Webb Keane Professor Ines G. Županov, Chargée de Recherche, CNRS Copyright: Danna Agmon 2011 Acknowledgments A list such as this often refers to debts acknowledged; but the word “debt” does not come close to conveying my pleasure at being able to thank the mentors, friends and family who have made the process of researching and writing this dissertation so fulfilling, meaningful and – more often than not – fun. The members of my committee have been unfailingly and uncommonly generous with their time, ideas, and enthusiasm. My co-chairs, Diane Owen Hughes and Sumathi Ramaswamy, serve as my model for a scholarly life. Collectively and individually, their curiosity, energy, creativity and empathy (for both their students and the subjects of their research) are exceptional and inspiring. They responded to long and rambling reports from the archives, read multiple drafts of chapters, and encouraged me through the years to follow my fascination with the stories told here. I could not have completed this work without their unflagging support. Having Dena Goodman as a reader was a blessing and an education: she continually and productively pushed me to make my work sharper and more nuanced, generously digging deep into the text again and again. -
Puducherry from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
Coordinates: 11.93°N 79.13°E Puducherry From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Puducherry, formerly known as Pondicherry /ˌpɒndɨˈtʃɛri/, is a Union Territory of Puducherry Union Territory of India formed out of four exclaves of former Pondicherry French India and named after Union Territory the largest Puducherry district. The Tamil name is (Puducherry), which means "New Town".[4] Historically known as Pondicherry (Pāṇṭiccēri), the territory changed its official name to Puducherry (Putuccēri) [5] on 20 September 2006. Seal of Puducherry Contents 1 Geography 1.1 Rivers 2 History 3 French influence 4 Official languages of government 5 Official symbols 6 Government and administration 6.1 Special administration status 7 In culture Location of Puducherry (marked in red) in India 8 Economy Coordinates: 11.93°N 79.13°E 8.1 Output Country India 8.2 Fisheries 8.3 Power Formation 7 Jan 1963 8.4 Tourism Capital and Pondicherry 9 Transport Largest city 9.1 Rail District(s) 4 9.2 Road Government 9.3 Air • Lieutenant A. K. Singh (additional 10 Education Governor charge) [1] 10.1 Pondicherry • Chief N. Rangaswamy (AINRC) University Minister 10.2 Colleges • Legislature (33*seats) 11 See also Unicameral 12 References Area 13 External links • Total 492 km2 (190 sq mi) Population • Total 1,244,464 Geography • Rank 2nd • Density 2,500/km2 (6,600/sq mi) The union territory of Demonym Puducherrian Puducherry consists of four small unconnected districts: Time zone IST (UTC+05:30) Pondicherry, Karaikal and Yanam ISO 3166 IN-PY code on the Bay of Bengal and Mahé on the Arabian Sea. -
Marokkos Neue Regierung: Premierminister Abbas El Fassi Startet Mit Einem Deutlich Jüngeren Und Weiblicheren Kabinett
Marokkos neue Regierung: Premierminister Abbas El Fassi startet mit einem deutlich jüngeren und weiblicheren Kabinett Hajo Lanz, Büro Marokko • Die Regierungsbildung in Marokko gestaltete sich schwieriger als zunächst erwartet • Durch das Ausscheiden des Mouvement Populaire aus der früheren Koalition verfügt der Premierminister über keine stabile Mehrheit • Die USFP wird wiederum der Regierung angehören • Das neue Kabinett ist das vermutlich jüngste, in jedem Fall aber weiblichste in der Geschichte des Landes Am 15. Oktober 2007 wurde die neue ma- Was fehlte, war eigentlich nur noch die rokkanische Regierung durch König Mo- Verständigung darauf, wie diese „Re- hamed VI. vereidigt. Zuvor hatten sich die Justierung“ der Regierungszusammenset- Verhandlungen des am 19. September vom zung konkret aussehen sollte. Und genau König ernannten und mit der Regierungs- da gingen die einzelnen Auffassungen doch bildung beauftragten Premierministers Ab- weit auseinander bzw. aneinander vorbei. bas El Fassi als weitaus schwieriger und zä- her gestaltet, als dies zunächst zu erwarten Für den größten Gewinner der Wahlen vom gewesen war. Denn die Grundvorausset- 7. September, Premierminister El Fassi und zungen sind alles andere als schlecht gewe- seiner Istiqlal, stand nie außer Zweifel, die sen: Die Protagonisten und maßgeblichen Zusammenarbeit mit dem größten Wahlver- Träger der letzten Koalitionsregierung (Istiq- lierer, der sozialistischen USFP unter Füh- lal, USFP, PPS, RNI, MP) waren sich einig rung von Mohamed Elyazghi, fortführen zu darüber, die gemeinsame Arbeit, wenn wollen. Nur die USFP selbst war sich da in auch unter neuer Führung und eventuell nicht so einig: Während die Basis den Weg neuer Gewichtung der Portfolios, fortfüh- die Opposition („Diktat der Urne“) präfe- ren zu wollen. -
Morocco | Freedom House
Morocco | Freedom House https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2019/morocco A. ELECTORAL PROCESS: 5 / 12 A1. Was the current head of government or other chief national authority elected through free and fair elections? 1 / 4 Constitutional reforms in 2011 required the king to appoint the prime minister from the party that wins the most seats in parliamentary elections, but the reforms preserved nearly all of the king’s existing powers. The monarch can disband the legislature, rule by decree, and dismiss or appoint cabinet members. After the 2016 parliamentary elections, political disagreement over the composition of a new government consumed more than five months. In 2017, the king finally used his royal prerogative to appoint Saad Eddine Othmani, a former Party of Justice and Development (PJD) foreign minister, as prime minister, replacing Abdelilah Benkirane, also of the PJD. However, the PJD holds a weak position in a fragile coalition. In August, 2018, the left-wing Party of Progress and Socialism (PPS) threatened to withdraw from the government amid political infighting. Technocrats loyal to the palace obtained key economic portfolios when the government formed, and the PJD was similarly excluded from the “strategic ministries” of interior, foreign affairs, justice, and Islamic affairs. The 2016 elections were considered credible by observers, but there were some instances of irregularities such as vote buying. A2. Were the current national legislative representatives elected through free and fair elections? 2 / 4 The lower house of Parliament, the Chamber of Representatives, has 395 directly elected members who serve for five-year terms. Of these, 305 are elected from 92 multimember constituencies. -
Keizainisshi 2007-10
経済日誌2007年10月 1.モロッコ国内経済 (1)国際収支 ①貿易赤字額(2007 年 1-8 月)1 ・2007年1-8月の貿易赤字は 841 億 DH=約 1.2 兆円(前年同期比 26.4%増) (2)指標 ①2007 年第 2 四半期の経済成長率2 ・経済成長率は 1.7%(前年同期は 9.3%)。 ・農業部門の成長率はマイナス 20.9%、非農業部門の成長率はプラス 5.5% (3)財政 ①2008 年予算法案における税制改正の見通し3 ・法人税(一般): 35% から 30%に減額 ・法人税(金融関連): 39.6% から 35%に減額 ・不動産取引、リース取引関連の付加価値税: 税率を増額 ・工業製品への最高関税率: 45% から 40%に減額 (4)公共事業等 ①フェズ・メディナ(旧市街)のリハビリプログラムの着工4 ・実施期間:2007 年-2013 年 ・投資額12億DH=約170億円 ②国家プログラムについてのエル・ファシ首相の発言(於:衆議院)5 ・経済成長率に関し、年率 6%の成長を目指す ・毎年 25 万人の雇用を創設し、2012 年の失業率 7%を達成する。 ・社会住宅の建設を 15 万戸/年に高め、経済住宅 5 万戸国家プログラムを立ち上げる。 ・物価上昇に伴う購買力低下に対応するため、2008 年の基礎製品・石油に対する国家補助 金予算を 190 億 DH=約 2,700 億円確保する。 ・干魃・水不足問題に対処するため、2012 年までに大規模ダム 10、中小規模ダム 60 を建設 する。 1 為替局ホームページ 2 エコノマップ(10月1日) 3 Journal l’Economiste (10 月 25 日) 4 Journal l’Economiste (10 月 24 日) 5 エコノマップ(10 月 25,26 日) 1 ・今後5年間で、ホテルのベッド数を15万床から 26.5 万床に高め、8 万人の雇用を創設す る。観光収入を 600 億 DH から 900 億 DH(2012 年)=約 1.3 兆円まで高める ・高速道路建設第2次計画(380km の増設)を立ち上げる(都市 Beni Mellal を高速道路網に 組み入れる。ラバト~カサブランカ間の輸送能力増強。El Jadida-Safi 区間の建設)。 ・地中海道路(Tanger - Saidia 間)の 2011 年開通 ・地方道路整備計画に関し、道路整備を年 1,500km/年から 2,000km/年に加速し、2012 年 における地方住民の地方道路へのアクセス率を 80%に高める。 ・タンジェ~カサブランカ間高速鉄道(TGV)の第1区間工事を2009年に着工する。 (5)産業 ①国営製鉄会社(SONASID)の2007年上半期業績6 ・上半期売上高は 32.6 億 DH=約 450 億円(前年同期比 20.6%増) ・上半期利益は 4.94 億 DH=約 70 億円(前年同期比 52%増) ・SONASID 社は、2006年にArcelor/Mittal社とパートナーシップ協定を締結している。 (6)その他 ①カサブランカに北アフリカ最大のショッピングモールを建設する計画7 ・衣類流通業の Aksal 社と Nesk Investment 社の合弁会社が、総工費 20 億 DH=約 280 億円をかけ、10 ヘクタールの敷地に「モロッコ・モール」を建設 ・ファッション、宝飾などの 200 以上の国内、海外ブランドが出店、大型スーパーマーケット、 レストラン、3D ムービー・シアター、スポーツクラブ、5000 台収容の駐車場などが設置され る予定。 ②モロッコ人民銀行グループ(Le -
Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Volume 98
1. GIVE AND TAKE1 A Sindhi sufferer writes: At this critical time when thousands of our countrymen are leaving their ancestral homes and are pouring in from Sind, the Punjab and the N. W. F. P., I find that there is, in some sections of the Hindus, a provincial spirit. Those who are coming here suffered terribly and deserve all the warmth that the Hindus of the Indian Union can reasonably give. You have rightly called them dukhi,2 though they are commonly called sharanarthis. The problem is so great that no government can cope with it unless the people back the efforts with all their might. I am sorry to confess that some of the landlords have increased the rents of houses enormously and some are demanding pagri. May I request you to raise your voice against the provincial spirit and the pagri system specially at this time of terrible suffering? Though I sympathize with the writer, I cannot endorse his analysis. Nevertheless I am able to testify that there are rapacious landlords who are not ashamed to fatten themselves at the expense of the sufferers. But I know personally that there are others who, though they may not be able or willing to go as far as the writer or I may wish, do put themselves to inconvenience in order to lessen the suffering of the victims. The best way to lighten the burden is for the sufferers to learn how to profit by this unexpected blow. They should learn the art of humility which demands a rigorous self-searching rather than a search of others and consequent criticism, often harsh, oftener undeserved and only sometimes deserved. -
A Fountain Pen Story
A Fountain Pen Story Bibek Debroy A Fountain Pen Story Bibek Debroy © 2020 Observer Research Foundation All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission in writing from ORF. Attribution: Bibek Debroy, “A Fountain Pen Story,” June 2020, Observer Research Foundation. Observer Research Foundation 20 Rouse Avenue, Institutional Area New Delhi, India 110002 [email protected] www.orfonline.org ORF provides non-partisan, independent analyses on matters of security, strategy, economy, development, energy and global governance to diverse decision-makers including governments, business communities, academia and civil society. ORF’s mandate is to conduct in-depth research, provide inclusive platforms, and invest in tomorrow’s thought leaders today. Design and Layout: simijaisondesigns Cover image: Getty Images / Tim Robberts ISBN: 978-93-90159-50-5 Gandhi and Ambedkar 1 imited-edition fountain pens are luxury items, much like jewellery. Some of the most expensive fountain pens in the world include LMont Blanc, Caran d’Ache, and Aurora. Many would recall that not too long ago, a controversy erupted over Mont Blanc’s limited-edition “Gandhi pens” and a case was filed before the Kerala High Court. There were two limited editions in fact, one in silver and the other in gold, a ‘Limited Edition 3000’ (i.e., 3,000 of it were manufactured) and a Limited Edition 241 (‘241’ for the 241 miles of the Salt March; 241 pieces of it were made). Both kinds had an image of Mahatma Gandhi on the nib. Mont Blanc’s decision to manufacture these pens provoked massive controversy: to begin with, it violated the Emblems and Names (Prevention of Improper Use) Act of 1950, which restricts use of the name or pictorial representation of Mahatma Gandhi.