Podoces, 2009, 4(1): 1–27 Review of Rare Birds in Iran, 1860s–1960s CEES S. ROSELAAR 1* & MANSOUR ALIABADIAN 2 1. Zoological Museum & Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam PO Box 94766, 1090 GT Amsterdam, THE NETHERLANDS 2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IRAN * Correspondence Author. Email:
[email protected] Received 27 March 2009; accepted 7 October 2009 Abstract: Based on original literature reports covering the period 1860 –1969, details of 362 records of 102 bird species considered rare in Iran are presented. This fills a gap in knowledge of Iran’s birds from a period between research by Gmelin and Hablizl in the 1770s (reviewed by Mlikovsky 2008) and an overview of the observations of rare birds in Iran in the 1960s and 1970s (presented by Scott 2008). Attention is drawn to two new species for Iran (Eastern Marsh Harrier Circus spilonotus and Blue Whistling Thrush Myophonus caeruleus ). Published details validate the records of Light-bellied Brent Goose Branta hrota , Upland Buzzard Buteo hemilasius , Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris , and Oriental Cuckoo Cuculus saturatus , formerly considered as of dubious occurrence in Iran. Information on six species (Yellow-breasted Tit Cyanistes cyanus flavipectus , Falcated Duck Anas falcata , Indian Nightjar Caprimulgus asiaticus , Güldenstädt’s Redstart Phoenicurus erythrogaster , Cirl Bunting Emberiza cirlus and Eurasian Nutcracker Nucifraga caryocatactes) was considered insufficient or unreliable and the occurrence of these species in Iran has been rejected. We recommend that these species be omitted from the last revised checklist of the birds of Iran (Scott & Adhami 2006).