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Roadside Landscaping with Native Plants in the Czech Republic: a Review
Horticulture International Journal Review Article Open Access Roadside landscaping with native plants in the Czech Republic: a review Abstract Volume 2 Issue 3 - 2018 Czech Republic has a unique experience in greening the roadsides. The changes that Mohammad Hasan Chowdhury,1 Mohammad were implemented in the early 1990s have had also been incorporated into the roadside 2 landscape in recent years making the Czech Republic one of the forerunners in Sujoun Lasker 1Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, greening the roadsides. Most of the roadside landscaping designs were inspired from Noakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh western landscapes comprises mostly of exotic species, which do not reconcile with the 2Department of Geography and Environment, Jahangirnagar environmental conditions of the Czech Republic. The intensive use of exotic species University, Bangladesh in artificial vegetation, high water requirements for the Czech Republic greenery with water shortages are causing major environmental and ecological challenges. Correspondence: Mohammad Hasan Chowdhury, Fortunately, the Czech Republic hosts a unique flora and fauna that show remarkable Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, adjustment to harsh weather conditions. Here we emphasize the use of native plants Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, due to their potential to develop roadside landscapes in water shortage conditions, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh, Email [email protected] leading to reduced water usage for roadside landscaping. The preservation of native biodiversity of the Czech Republic will be an added benefit. In this article the main Received: April 02, 2018 | Published: May 14, 2018 aspects of the Czech Republic roadside landscaping efforts, with the associated water resources using native plants in landscaping, problems in promoting native plants contrast to non-native plants in landscaping and possible solutions are discussed. -
State of New York City's Plants 2018
STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 Daniel Atha & Brian Boom © 2018 The New York Botanical Garden All rights reserved ISBN 978-0-89327-955-4 Center for Conservation Strategy The New York Botanical Garden 2900 Southern Boulevard Bronx, NY 10458 All photos NYBG staff Citation: Atha, D. and B. Boom. 2018. State of New York City’s Plants 2018. Center for Conservation Strategy. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY. 132 pp. STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 INTRODUCTION 10 DOCUMENTING THE CITY’S PLANTS 10 The Flora of New York City 11 Rare Species 14 Focus on Specific Area 16 Botanical Spectacle: Summer Snow 18 CITIZEN SCIENCE 20 THREATS TO THE CITY’S PLANTS 24 NEW YORK STATE PROHIBITED AND REGULATED INVASIVE SPECIES FOUND IN NEW YORK CITY 26 LOOKING AHEAD 27 CONTRIBUTORS AND ACKNOWLEGMENTS 30 LITERATURE CITED 31 APPENDIX Checklist of the Spontaneous Vascular Plants of New York City 32 Ferns and Fern Allies 35 Gymnosperms 36 Nymphaeales and Magnoliids 37 Monocots 67 Dicots 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report, State of New York City’s Plants 2018, is the first rankings of rare, threatened, endangered, and extinct species of what is envisioned by the Center for Conservation Strategy known from New York City, and based on this compilation of The New York Botanical Garden as annual updates thirteen percent of the City’s flora is imperiled or extinct in New summarizing the status of the spontaneous plant species of the York City. five boroughs of New York City. This year’s report deals with the City’s vascular plants (ferns and fern allies, gymnosperms, We have begun the process of assessing conservation status and flowering plants), but in the future it is planned to phase in at the local level for all species. -
Myroxylon Balsamum (L.) Harms
Myroxylon balsamum (L.) Harms W.A. MARÍN and E.M. FLORES Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica and Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Costa Rica, Costa Rica, respectively FABACEAE (BEAN FAMILY) Myroxylon balsamum var. punctatum (Klotzsch) Harms (Notizblatt des Königlichen botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin 43: 97. 1908). Myroxylon punctatum Klotzsch (Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde Gebräuchlichen Gewächse 14: 12. 1843). Myroxylon toluiferum Kunth (Nova Genera et Species Plantarum 6: 375. 1824). Myroxylon toluiferum A. Rich. (Annales des Sciences Naturelles (Paris) 2: 171-172. 1824). Myrospermum toluiferum (A. Rich.) DC. (Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 2: 95. 1825) Toluifera balsamum L. (Species Plantarum 1: 384. 1753) Bálsamo, bálsamo de San Salvador, bálsamo de tolú, bálsamo del Perú, chirraca, chucte, estoraque, nabá, palo de bálsamo, quina, sándalo, yaga-guienite (Chudnoff 1984, Holdridge and Poveda 1975, Record and Hess 1949) M Myroxylon balsamum occurs from southern Mexico to the with moderate slopes with an annual rainfall above 2500 mm Amazonian region of Peru and Brazil (Berendsohn and Arani- and a temperature range of 24 to 30 °C (Croat 1978, Hold- va de González 1989, Chudnoff 1984, Ducke 1949, Holdridge ridge and Poveda 1975). and Poveda 1975, Macbride 1943, McVaugh 1987, Standley The fresh heartwood is reddish brown with an occasion- and Steyermark 1946). The tree has been planted for balsam al yellowish hue; it turns deep red or purplish upon exposure. production in West Africa, India, and Sri Lanka. Myroxylon It is fairly uniform or striped and sharply demarcated from the balsamum is an emergent tree, typical in the canopy of pristine white sapwood. -
Oregon City Nuisance Plant List
Nuisance Plant List City of Oregon City 320 Warner Milne Road , P.O. Box 3040, Oregon City, OR 97045 Phone: (503) 657-0891, Fax: (503) 657-7892 Scientific Name Common Name Acer platanoides Norway Maple Acroptilon repens Russian knapweed Aegopodium podagraria and variegated varieties Goutweed Agropyron repens Quack grass Ailanthus altissima Tree-of-heaven Alliaria officinalis Garlic Mustard Alopecuris pratensis Meadow foxtail Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet vernalgrass Arctium minus Common burdock Arrhenatherum elatius Tall oatgrass Bambusa sp. Bamboo Betula pendula lacinata Cutleaf birch Brachypodium sylvaticum False brome Bromus diandrus Ripgut Bromus hordeaceus Soft brome Bromus inermis Smooth brome-grasses Bromus japonicus Japanese brome-grass Bromus sterilis Poverty grass Bromus tectorum Cheatgrass Buddleia davidii (except cultivars and varieties) Butterfly bush Callitriche stagnalis Pond water starwort Cardaria draba Hoary cress Carduus acanthoides Plumeless thistle Carduus nutans Musk thistle Carduus pycnocephalus Italian thistle Carduus tenufolius Slender flowered thistle Centaurea biebersteinii Spotted knapweed Centaurea diffusa Diffuse knapweed Centaurea jacea Brown knapweed Centaurea pratensis Meadow knapweed Chelidonium majou Lesser Celandine Chicorum intybus Chicory Chondrilla juncea Rush skeletonweed Cirsium arvense Canada Thistle Cirsium vulgare Common Thistle Clematis ligusticifolia Western Clematis Clematis vitalba Traveler’s Joy Conium maculatum Poison-hemlock Convolvulus arvensis Field Morning-glory 1 Nuisance Plant List -
Xylosma Venosa N. E. Br. (Salicaceae), Espécie Nativa No Rio Grande Do Suv
BALDUINIA. n. 29, p. 09-12, 15-VIl-2011 XYLOSMA VENOSA N. E. BR. (SALICACEAE), ESPÉCIE NATIVA NO RIO GRANDE DO SUV JOSÉ NEWTON CARDOSO MARCHIORF FABIANO DA SILVAALVES3 LEONARDO PAZ DEBLE4 RESUMO São fornecidas uma descrição e ilustração botânica de Xylosma venosa N. E. Br. (Salicaceae), com base em material coletado na orla da mata ciliar do rio Ibicuí, município de Alegrete, Rio Grande do Sul. Palavras-chave: Alegrete, Rio Grande do Sul, Salicaceae, Xylosma venosa. SUMMARY [Xylosma venosa N. E. Br. (Salicaceae): a native species in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil]. A botanical description and illustration of Xylosma venosa N. E. Br. (Salicaceae) are furnished, based on material collected at the border of Ibicui river's riparian forest, in the municipality of Alegrete, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Key words: Alegrete, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Salicaceae, Xylosma venosa. INTRODUÇÃO Treinta y Tres e nos dois departamentos anteri- Nativa em quase todo o Paraguai, Xylosma ormente assinalados por Lombardo. venosa N. E. Br. distribui-se, ainda, pela Argen- No Brasil, Lorenzi (2009) refere sua ocor- tina, Uruguai, Bolívia e Brasil (Bernardi, 1984). rência de Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás, Minas Na Argentina, a espécie habita a orla de ma- Gerais e São Paulo, até o Rio Grande do Sul. tas e costas de rios, tanto na Mesopotâmia5 como Para o estado do Paraná, consta na literatura pelo nas províncias de Santa Fé, Chaco e Formosa menos uma coleta6, de acordo com Sleumer (Diehl, 2005). (1980). A espécie não é citada na Flora de San- Para o Uruguai, Lombardo (1964) indica sua ta Catarina (Klein & Sleumer, 1984) e ela tam- ocorrência nos departamentos de Cerro Largo e bém não foi incluída, por Sobral et aI. -
Xylosma Crenatum
Plants Xylosma crenatum SPECIES STATUS: Federally Listed as Endangered IUCN Red List Ranking – CR C2a, D J. Price © Smithsonian Inst., 2005 Genetic Safety Net Species Hawai‘i Natural Heritage Ranking ‐ Critically Endangered (G1) Endemism – Kaua‘i Critical Habitat ‐ Designated SPECIES INFORMATION: Xylosma crenatum is a dioecious tree which grows up to 50 feet tall. It was first collected in 1917 but remained undiscovered for decades due to a misidentification. Over 50 years later, a second collection was made in 1968 along the banks of Mohihi Stream at the edge of Alaka‘i Swamp, Kaua‘i. It was later recognized as a distinct species in 1972. DISTRIBUTION: Northwest Kaua‘i. ABUNDANCE: Currently, it is known only from the island of Kaua‘i in four different populations consisting of a total of 13 individuals. Two of these populations have only a single plant. LOCATION AND CONDITION OF KEY HABITAT: Diverse koa‐‘ōhi‘a montane mesic forest at an elevation of 975‐1,065 meters. This species is found on State land, sometimes along stream banks. The habitat is threatened by invasion of alien plants and damage from feral pigs. THREATS: Habitat degradation by feral pigs; Fruit predation by rats; Competition from alien plant species; Stochastic extinction; Reduced reproductive vigor due to the small number of remaining individuals. CONSERVATION ACTIONS: The goals of conservation actions are not only to protect current populations, but also to establish new populations to reduce the risk of extinction. In addition to common statewide and island conservation actions, specific actions include: Survey historical range for surviving populations; Establish secure ex‐situ stocks with complete representation of remaining individuals; Augment wild population and establish new populations in safe harbors. -
Fruits and Seeds of Genera in the Subfamily Faboideae (Fabaceae)
Fruits and Seeds of United States Department of Genera in the Subfamily Agriculture Agricultural Faboideae (Fabaceae) Research Service Technical Bulletin Number 1890 Volume I December 2003 United States Department of Agriculture Fruits and Seeds of Agricultural Research Genera in the Subfamily Service Technical Bulletin Faboideae (Fabaceae) Number 1890 Volume I Joseph H. Kirkbride, Jr., Charles R. Gunn, and Anna L. Weitzman Fruits of A, Centrolobium paraense E.L.R. Tulasne. B, Laburnum anagyroides F.K. Medikus. C, Adesmia boronoides J.D. Hooker. D, Hippocrepis comosa, C. Linnaeus. E, Campylotropis macrocarpa (A.A. von Bunge) A. Rehder. F, Mucuna urens (C. Linnaeus) F.K. Medikus. G, Phaseolus polystachios (C. Linnaeus) N.L. Britton, E.E. Stern, & F. Poggenburg. H, Medicago orbicularis (C. Linnaeus) B. Bartalini. I, Riedeliella graciliflora H.A.T. Harms. J, Medicago arabica (C. Linnaeus) W. Hudson. Kirkbride is a research botanist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory, BARC West Room 304, Building 011A, Beltsville, MD, 20705-2350 (email = [email protected]). Gunn is a botanist (retired) from Brevard, NC (email = [email protected]). Weitzman is a botanist with the Smithsonian Institution, Department of Botany, Washington, DC. Abstract Kirkbride, Joseph H., Jr., Charles R. Gunn, and Anna L radicle junction, Crotalarieae, cuticle, Cytiseae, Weitzman. 2003. Fruits and seeds of genera in the subfamily Dalbergieae, Daleeae, dehiscence, DELTA, Desmodieae, Faboideae (Fabaceae). U. S. Department of Agriculture, Dipteryxeae, distribution, embryo, embryonic axis, en- Technical Bulletin No. 1890, 1,212 pp. docarp, endosperm, epicarp, epicotyl, Euchresteae, Fabeae, fracture line, follicle, funiculus, Galegeae, Genisteae, Technical identification of fruits and seeds of the economi- gynophore, halo, Hedysareae, hilar groove, hilar groove cally important legume plant family (Fabaceae or lips, hilum, Hypocalypteae, hypocotyl, indehiscent, Leguminosae) is often required of U.S. -
Forest Inventory and Analysis National Core Field Guide
National Core Field Guide, Version 5.1 October, 2011 FOREST INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS NATIONAL CORE FIELD GUIDE VOLUME I: FIELD DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES FOR PHASE 2 PLOTS Version 5.1 National Core Field Guide, Version 5.1 October, 2011 Changes from the Phase 2 Field Guide version 5.0 to version 5.1 Changes documented in change proposals are indicated in bold type. The corresponding proposal name can be seen using the comments feature in the electronic file. • Section 8. Phase 2 (P2) Vegetation Profile (Core Optional). Corrected several figure numbers and figure references in the text. • 8.2. General definitions. NRCS PLANTS database. Changed text from: “USDA, NRCS. 2000. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 1 January 2000). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. FIA currently uses a stable codeset downloaded in January of 2000.” To: “USDA, NRCS. 2010. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 1 January 2010). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. FIA currently uses a stable codeset downloaded in January of 2010”. • 8.6.2. SPECIES CODE. Changed the text in the first paragraph from: “Record a code for each sampled vascular plant species found rooted in or overhanging the sampled condition of the subplot at any height. Species codes must be the standardized codes in the Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS database (currently January 2000 version). Identification to species only is expected. However, if subspecies information is known, enter the appropriate NRCS code. For graminoids, genus and unknown codes are acceptable, but do not lump species of the same genera or unknown code. -
Isoenzyme Diversity and Phylogenetic Affinities Among the Eurasian Annual Bromes (Bromus L., Poaceae)
DISSERTATIONES BIOLOGICAE UNIVERSITATIS TARTUENSIS 36 ISOENZYME DIVERSITY AND PHYLOGENETIC AFFINITIES AMONG THE EURASIAN ANNUAL BROMES (BROMUS L., POACEAE) TATJANA OJA TARTU 1998 DISSERTATIONES BIOLOGICAE UNIVERSITATIS TARTUENSIS 36 DISSERTATIONES BIOLOGICAE UNIVERSITATIS TARTUENSIS 36 ISOENZYME DIVERSITY AND PHYLOGENETIC AFFINITIES AMONG THE EURASIAN ANNUAL BROMUS cBROMUS L., POACEAE) TATJANA OJA TARTU UNIVERSITY PRESS Chair of Botany, Institute of Botany and Ecology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Dissertation is accepted for the commencement of the degree of Doctor philosophiae in botany on April 29, 1998 by the Doctoral Committee of the Faculty of Biology and Geography of the University of Tartu. Opponent: Acad. Prof. Erast Parmasto (Institute of Zoology and Botany of the Estonian Agricultural University) Commencement: room 207, Lai 40 on June 17, at 11.15 The publication of this dissertation is granted by the University of Tartu © Tatjana Oja, 1998 Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastuse trükikoda Tiigi 78, EE 2400, Tartu Tellimus nr. 138 To the memory of my mother 9 CONTENTS LIST OF ORIGINAL PUBLICATIONS 8 ABSTRACT 9 1. INTRODUCTION 10 2. OBJECTIVES 12 3. MATERIAL AND METHODS 13 3.1. Plant material 13 3.2. Isoenzyme analysis 14 3.3. Isoenzyme nomenclature 15 3.4. Data analysis 16 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 17 4.1. Isoenzyme diversity and phylogenetic affinities in the section Genea 17 4.2. Isoenzyme diversity and phylogenetic affinities in the section jBromus 18 4.3. Phylogenetic relationships and genetic differentiation among diploid annual bromes 22 4.4. Geographic distribution of the allozyme variation in Bromus tectorum and Bromus sterilis 26 5. CONCLUSIONS 30 REFERENCES 32 KOKKUVÕTE (Summary in Estonian) 36 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 38 PUBLICATIONS 39 LIST OF ORIGINAL PUBLICATIONS This thesis is a summary of the following publications which are referred to by Roman numerals in the text. -
Molecular Characterization of Cereal Yellow Dwarf Virus-Rpv in Grasses in European Part of Turkey
Agriculture (Poľnohospodárstvo), 66, 2020 (4): 161 − 170 Original paper DOI: 10.2478/agri-2020-0015 MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF CEREAL YELLOW DWARF VIRUS-RPV IN GRASSES IN EUROPEAN PART OF TURKEY Havva IlbağI1*, AHMET Çıtır1, ADNAN KARA1, MERYEM UYSAL2 1Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey 2Selçuk University, Konya,Turkey ılBAğı, H. – Çıtır, a. − KaRa, a. − UYSal, M.: Molecular characterization of cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPv in grasses in european part of Turkey. agriculture (Poľnohospodárstvo), vol. 66, no. 4, pp. 161 – 170. Yellow dwarf viruses (YDvs) are economically destructive viral diseases of cereal crops, which cause the reduction of yield and quality of grains. Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV (CYDv-RPv) is one of the most serious virus species of YDvs. These virus diseases cause epidemics in cereal fields in some periods of the year in Turkey depending on potential reservoir natural hosts that play a significant role in epidemiology. This study was conducted to investigate the presence and prevalence of CYDv-RPv in grasses and volunteer cereal host plants including 33 species from Poaceae, asteraceae, Juncaceae, Gerani- aceae, Cyperaceae, and Rubiaceae families in the Trakya region of Turkey. a total of 584 symptomatic grass and volunteer cereal leaf samples exhibiting yellowing, reddening, irregular necrotic patches and dwarfing symptoms were collected from Trakya and tested by ElISa and RT-PCR methods. The screening tests showed that 55 out of 584 grass samples were infect- ed with CYDv-RPv in grasses from the Poaceae family, while none of the other families had no infection. The incidence of CYDv-RPv was detected at a rate of 9.42%. -
118–121. 2007. 4. FLACOURTIA Commerson Ex L'h閞itier, Stirp. Nov
Flora of China 13: 118–121. 2007. 4. FLACOURTIA Commerson ex L’Héritier, Stirp. Nov. 3: 59. 1786. 刺篱木属 ci li mu shu Stigmarota Loureiro. Trees or shrubs, dioecious or hermaphroditic, rarely polygamous, usually spiny. Leaves alternate, petiolate; stipules small, early caducous; leaf blade pinnate-veined, sometimes 3–5-veined from base, margin glandular-toothed, rarely entire. Inflorescences axil- lary, or terminal on abbreviated lateral twigs, usually short, lax, racemose, or in form of small paniculate or umbel-like clusters. Flowers hypogynous, unisexual or bisexual, small; pedicels articulate. Sepals 4–7, imbricate, slightly connate at base, green, small. Petals absent. Disk fleshy, entire or comprised of distinct glands. Staminate flowers: stamens many, exserted, filaments free, filiform; anthers ellipsoid, small, versatile, longitudinally dehiscent, connective not projected beyond thecae; disk extrastaminal; abortive ovary much reduced or absent. Pistillate flowers: disk surrounding base of ovary; ovary superior, globose, ovoid, or bottle-shaped, incompletely 2–8-loculed by false septa; placentas 2-ovuled; styles isomerous with placentas, free or united, columnar; stigmas slightly dilated, flattened, reniform, recurved; staminodes usually absent. Fruit a berrylike indehiscent drupe with pyrenes 2 × as many as styles, globose, in dried material characteristically longitudinally angled, squarish or rectangular in longitudinal cross- section, with flattish apex and base, contracted or not at equator, disk persistent at base, style or stigma remnants persistent at apex. Seeds ellipsoid, compressed. Between 15 and 17 species: tropical Africa and Asia; five species (one endemic) in China. In Chinese species: plants usually dioecious; stamens (10–)15–30(–50), number apparently variable within each species. Flacourtia species are often cultivated and harvested for fruit, medicinal use, or wood. -
Forestry Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Forestry Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Forest Genetic Resources Working Papers State of Forest Genetic Resources Conservation and Management in Sri Lanka by J.E. Munasinghe Forest Department 2003 Forest Resources Development Service Working Paper FGR/66E Forest Resources Division FAO, Rome, Italy Disclaimer The Forest Genetic Resources Working Papers report on issues and activities in related to the conservation, sustainable use and management of forest genetic resources. The purpose of these papers is to provide early information on on-going activities and programmes and to stimulate discussion. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Quantitative information regarding the status of forest resources has been compiled according to sources, methodologies and protocols identified and selected by the author, for assessing the diversity and status of genetic resources. For standardized methodologies and assessments on forest resources, please refer to FAO, 2003. State of the World’s Forests 2003; and to FAO, 2001. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2000 (FRA 2000). FAO Forestry Paper No 140. Official information can also be found at the FAO Internet site (http://www.fao.org/forestry/Forestry.asp). This paper is based on a country report prepared for the Asia Pacific Forest Genetic Resources Programme (APFORGEN) Inception Workshop, held at Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 15-18 July 200.