Practical Design of Store Attributes for Traditional Retailer in Thailand with Conjoint Analysis

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Practical Design of Store Attributes for Traditional Retailer in Thailand with Conjoint Analysis i Practical Design of Store Attributes for Traditional Retailer in Thailand with Conjoint Analysis Sanit Srichookiat TITLE PAGE A Thesis Submitted in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Management Prince of Songkla University 2017 Copyright of Prince of Songkla University ii Thesis Title Practical Design of Store Attributes for Traditional Retailer in Thailand with Conjoint Analysis Author Mr. Sanit Srichookiat Major Program Management _______________________________________________________________________ Major Advisor Examining Committee : .......................................................... ..................................................Chairperson (Asst. Prof. Dr. Teerasak Jindabot) (Asst. Prof. Dr. Randall Shannon) ....................................................Committee (Asst. Prof. Dr. Teerasak Jindabot) ....................................................Committee (Dr. Sunantha Hamthanont) The Graduate School, Prince of Songkla University, has approved this thesis as fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy in Management. ................................................................... (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Teerapol Srichana) Dean of Graduate School APPROVAL PAGE iii This is to certify that the work here submitted is the result of the candidate's own investigations. Due acknowledgement has been made of any assistance received. ...........................................Signature (Asst. Prof. Dr. Teerasak Jindabot) Major Advisor ...........................................Signature (Mr. Sanit Srichookiat) Candidate CERTICICATE OF ORIGINALITY 1 iv I hereby certify that this work has not been accepted in substance for any degree, and is not being currently submitted in candidature for any degree. ..................................................... Signature (Mr. Sanit Srichookiat) Candidate CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY 2 v ชื่อวิทยานิพนธ ์ การออกแบบเชงปฏิ บิ ตั ของคิ ุณลกษณะรั านค้ าปล้ กแบบดี งเดั้ มในิ ประเทศไทยดวยการว้ เคราะหิ คอนจอยท์ ์ ผเขู้ ียน นาย สานิตย ์ ศรชี เกู ยรตี ิ สาขาวิชา ปรชญาดั ุษฎบี ณฑั ติ สาขาวชาการจิ ดการั ปี การศึกษา 2559 บทคัดย่อ การศกษาครึ งนั้ ้ีไดประสมประสานความร้ ูทางสายงานว้ จิ ยสภาพแวดลั ้อมเขา้ กบสายงานวั จิ ยของรั านค้ าปล้ กขนาดยี ่อม เม่อเปรื ยบเที ยบงานวี จิ ยทางดั านสภาพแวดล้ ้อมท่ี ผานมา่ งานวจิ ยนั ้ีมุ่งศกษาความสึ าคํ ญเชั งเปริ ยบเที ยบขององคี ประกอบสภาพแวดล์ อมภายใน้ รานค้ ้าปลกผี ่านกระบวนการตดสั นใจของลิ ูกค้าดวยว้ ธิ การวี เคราะหิ ์คอนจอยท์ การออกแบบ การวจิ ยภายใตั ้เทคนิคคอนจอยทถ์ ูกยอมรบวั ่ามความเสมี อนจรื งและใกลิ เค้ ยงกี บสถานการณั ์ การตัดสินใจซ้ือท่ีเกิดข้ึนจริงของผู้บริโภค การวิเคราะห์ดังกล่าวจะช่วยให้ทราบถึงค่า อรรถประโยชน์ของสภาพแวดล้อมในแต่ละองค์ประกอบ ซ่ึงนําไปสู่การหาคําตอบ อาทเชิ ่น ปจจั ยสภาพแวดลั อมท้ ส่ี าคํ ญทั ผ่ี บรู้ โภคใชิ ในการต้ ดสั นใจเลิ อกใชื บร้ การิ รปแบบสภาพแวดลู อม้ ท่ีดีท่ีสุดภายในร้าน และการประเมินมูลค่าสภาพแวดล้อมโดยการรวมตัวแปรราคาเข้าสู่ การศึกษาครงนั้ ้ีด้วย องค์ประกอบสภาพแวดล้อมท่ีถูกนํามาศึกษาในงานวิจยประกอบดั ้วย องคประกอบด์ านบรรยากาศแสงและเส้ ยงเพลงี องคประกอบด์ านการออกแบบของส้ นคิ าบนช้ นั้ วาง และองค์ประกอบด้านสงคมเกั ่ียวกบปฏั ิสมพั นธั ์ของผู้ขายระหว่างการบริการ ตัวแปร สภาพแวดลอมและราคาจะถ้ ูกจดกระทั าในรํ ปแบบการทดลองู และจะถูกผสมรวมกนออกมาเปั ็น ตัวแบบท่ีแตกต่างกันทังหมด้ 18 แบบในโมเดลสามมิติซ่ึงเคล่ือนไหวได้ในคอมพิวเตอร ์ ผบรู้ โภคจิ ํานวน 241 คน ถูกสุ่มจากหางสรรพส้ นคิ า้ ตลาดเปิดทาย้ และตามครวเรั อนื ในพนท้ื ่ี อาเภอหาดใหญํ ่ โดยผบรู้ โภคแติ ่ละท่านจะตองประเม้ นติ วแบบในประเดั นความต็ งใจในการเขั้ า้ ใช้บริการทังหมด้ 18 แบบ ผลการวิจัยพบว่าปฏิสมพั นธั ์ของผู้ขายมีความสําคัญมากเม่ือ เปรยบเที ยบกี บสภาพแวดลั อมด้ านอ้ ่นๆื โดยเฉพาะคุณลกษณะทั ส่ี งเสร่ มความสิ มพั นธั ต์ ่อลูกคา้ ตวแบบทั ด่ี ที ส่ี ุดของรานช้ ําขนาดย่อม คอสื นคิ าม้ ความหลากหลายถี ูกจดอยั ่างเป็นระเบยบเตี ม็ หน้าชนวางสั้ นคิ ้า ผูขายหร้ อเจื ้าของร้านมคี ุณลกษณะทั ่ีเอ้อตื ่อการสร้างความสมพั นธั ์และมี คุณลกษณะเชั งปฏิ ภาณในการแกิ ป้ ญหาใหั ก้ บลั ูกคา้ สาหรํ บดั านบรรยากาศแสงและเส้ ยงเพลงี พบว่ามความสี ําคญนั ้อยมาก ซ่งรึ านค้ าสามารถใช้ แสงโทนขาวประกอบเพลงข้ บรั อง้ หรอแสงื โทนสมประกอบเพลงบรรเลงก้ ได็ ้ vi Thesis Title Practical Design of Store Attributes for Traditional Retailer in Thailand with Conjoint Analysis Author Mr. Sanit Srichookiat Major Program Doctor of Philosophy in Management Academic Year 2016 ABSTRACT This study integrates two fields of research in which the environmental body of knowledge is incorporated into the small retailer research. In contrast to the traditional survey and classical experiment methods executed by most environmental studies, individual consumers’ decision making processes, which are claimed to be more relevant to the real buying situation, are investigated with reference to the importance of store environment. Conjoint analysis of this decision making practice helps to clarify the most salient attributes of the store environment that consumers use for making patronage decisions. Additionally, this approach is also capable of clarifying the utility of environmental attributes, and is used to establish the best combination of store environment attributes, as well as their tangible value (i.e., monetary value) by including price in the investigation. The environmental variables were shaped by certain evidence based environmental constructs: 1) ambient cues in terms of lighting and music; 2) design cues in terms of assortment structure; and 3) social cues in terms of storeowner characteristics. All environmental and price attributes were orthogonally combined and manipulated into 18 scenarios of 3D integrative simulations. All of these scenarios simulated on a laptop were subsequently shown to individual consumers for evaluations using a questionnaire. 241 consumers were surveyed at a department store, a community market and households in Hatyai city. The findings identify that the social environment (storeowner characteristics) is the most salient environmental attribute. In particular, the relationship-based characteristics and behavior performed by the small family grocery storeowner are highly important for consumers' decisions about store patronage. Such local stores are advised to purvey a large organized assortment with great relationship-based and intellectual-based service given by the storeowner, regardless of the stores’ type of ambience (lighting and music). vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would first like to express my sincere appreciation to my supervisor Assistant Professor Dr. Teerasak Jindabot for his great contribution to my Ph.D study. His tireless sacrifices, enthusiastic encouragement, and immense knowledge helped me throughout the entire course of research and writing of this dissertation. I would also like to thank my thesis committee members: Assistant Professor Dr. Randall Shannon, and Dr. Sunantha Hamthanont, for their insightful comments and useful supplementary resources as relevant literature. My sincere thanks are also extended to Professor Julie Baker at Texas Christian University, who kindly supplied her original paper, which is important to my study. I would also like to pass this sincere gratitude to the Office of Higher Education Commission, Thaksin University and Prince of Songkla University Graduate School, who offered the scholarship that, facilitated the whole operational process of my study. Without their supports, this study would not have been possible. My special thanks also go to all the academic staffs, faculty staffs and all of my friends, who assisted me in every detail of the research. Last but not least, I wish to thank my parents, mother in law, sisters, and wife for their generous support, empathy, and encouragement, and my son for our sharing moments as the great inspiration. Sanit Srichookiat viii CONTENTS Page TITLE PAGE ......................................................................................................................... i APPROVAL PAGE .............................................................................................................. ii CERTICICATE OF ORIGINALITY 1 ................................................................................... iii CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY 2 .................................................................................. iv บทคดยั อ่ ............................................................................................................................... v ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................ vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................................... vii CONTENTS ....................................................................................................................... viii LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................... xii LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... xiv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS ................................................................... xvi CHAPTER 1: Introduction ................................................................................................... 1 Statement of the problem .......................................................................................... 1 Objectives ................................................................................................................... 4 Hypotheses ...............................................................................................................
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