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Road Travel Report: Armenia 1 © Asirt 2010 ROAD TRAVEL REPORT: ARMENIA KNOW BEFORE YOU GO… Driving is not recommended, due to poor road conditions and the high risk driving culture. The road network is inadequate to handle the rapidly growing vehicle fleet. Used vehicles imported from other countries often fail to meet safety standards. Annual road crashes have increased about 12%, partly due to the raised speed limit and increased vehicle ownership. Road fatalities increased 40% and road crash injuries In 2008, Armenia had twice the death rate from road 66% in a five year period. crashes than the death rate from road crashes of the There are 10.5 road fatalities per 10,000 vehicles in combined EU countries. Armenia, compared to 1.6 in the U.S. and 0.9 in the UK. ROAD REALITIES DRIVER BEHAVIORS Taxi drivers parked at street corners, awaiting Many drivers take risks, show little courtesy to other passengers contributes to traffic congestion. drivers, disregard traffic regulations and do not stop for Many cars are in poor condition. Private organizations red lights. Use caution when driving or crossing a road. in Armenia are conducting vehicle inspections. “Road rage” is a serious problem. In some cases, “road rage” has escalated to physical violence against drivers GENERAL ROAD CONDITIONS and/or pedestrians. Yield to aggressive drivers. Armenia is a landlocked country in the southern Driving under the influence of alcohol is more Caucasus Mountains, between the Black and Caspian common on weekends, especially on the main road Seas. The Caucasus Mountains covers 80% of the from Yerevan to the Tsaghkadzor and Sevan resort country. Most of the population is concentrated in areas. Drunk driving is a factor in about 6% of road western and northwestern Armenia, the least crash fatalities. mountainous regions. The Lesser Caucasus passes Lack of knowledge of road regulations and good through northern Armenia and along the border with driving habits are factors in many road crashes. Azerbaijan and Iran, making travel between northern and southern Armenia difficult. Few drivers receive driver training. Licenses can be bought. The network of trunk roads is well developed. Condition and maintenance of trunk roads is fair to Poorly parked vehicles interfere with traffic flow. good. Other primary roads are often in poor condition, Vehicles parked on sidewalks force pedestrians to walk especially outside urban areas. on roads. Main roads used by international traffic are in fair condition. Bypasses have been built around many larger ROAD TRAVEL REPORT: ARMENIA 1 © ASIRT 2010 cities and rest stops have been completed or are being o The South: Vayots Dzor and Syunik built along many international routes. o Nagorno Karabakh Republic (Claimed by Armenia, Three Asian Highways pass through Armenia: AH-81, but the world community regards the region as part of AH-82 and AH-83. All sections meet or exceed the Azerbaijan). minimum standard set for AH routes. The routes are in Syunik Province is Armenia’s largest and most densely poor to fair condition. populated region. Larger cities in the province include Secondary roads are being improved, but many are in Kapan, Goris, Sisian, Megri, Kadzharan, Agarak and poor condition and poorly maintained. Many roads Dastakert. Most of the region consists of high have potholes large enough to seriously damage to cars. mountains and deep canyons and gorges. Some canyons Road markings are often lacking. Traffic lights may not and gorges are impassable. Flat, plains areas are rare. work. Shikahogh State Preserve is near Kapan. The preserve begins in the Mtnadzor Canyon on the Tsav River and Road signs are lacking on many roads. Installation of includes forests along the Tsav and Shikahogh rivers. new signs and replacement of old signs is ongoing. International road signs are often used. See NAGORNO-KARABAKH REPUBLIC, AutoEurope’s website GENERAL ROAD CONDITIONS (www.autoeurope.com/roadsigns/index.cfm) for The Nagorno-Karabakh Republic is primarily a rural graphics of these signs. area. Most cities are small. Public transport services are Roads carry 98% of passenger traffic and 66% of freight limited. traffic. Traffic can be chaotic. Be alert for children and The Republic has 4,498 km of roads. Most interior animals on the roads, even on major highways. roads are in very poor condition. Roads between Trucks account for a small percentage of traffic, except villages are generally unpaved. on main roads linking Yerevan to Iran and Georgia. Off-road travel is not recommended, due to the Armenia borders Georgia, Iran, Turkey, Nagorno- presence of landmines placed during the 1991-94 war. Karabakh Republic, Azerbaijan and the Nakhichevan De-mining is incomplete. Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. Only borders with Much of the Republic is mountainous. Many roads are Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, Iran and Georgia are steep and winding. Fog, which occurs frequently at open. higher elevations, reduces visibility. Open border crossings: Routes that are in the best condition include o Georgia: Bavra / Jdanovi, Gogavan / Guguti, Stepanakert-Aghdam-Mardakert-Dadivank Road and Bagratashen / Sadakhlo the Stepanakert-Aghdam-Martuni-Hadrut Road. o Iran: Agarak / Tabriz URBAN TRAVEL Closed border crossings: The condition and maintenance of roads is fair to good. o Turkey: Akhuryan / Dogukapi , Margara / Igdir Public transportation is inadequate or lacking in many o Azerbaijan: Ijevan / Kazakh , Vardenis / Qelbajar, Goris cities. Residents may walk several miles to board a bus / Lachin, Yeraskh / Sadarak , Ordubad / Meghri , or minibus. Meghri / Minjevan Street lights and signs are often lacking. Traffic lights Some border crossings are on roads that are in poor frequently are non-functional. condition. Be alert for pedestrians, crossing unlit streets in the Closed borders are routinely patrolled by armed troops, middle of the block may be dressed in black. who stop anyone attempting to cross them. Sidewalks may be in poor condition. Carry a flash light Provinces grouped by region: by night. o The North: Lori and Tavush Sidewalks often are blocked by parked cars or o The Northwest: Shirak, Aragatsotn, Armavir construction projects, forcing pedestrians to walk on o The Center: Kotayk, Gegharkunik and Ararat the street. ROAD TRAVEL REPORT: ARMENIA 2 © ASIRT 2010 Intersections, bus stops, etc. are seldom handicap Air pollution is growing problem, especially in accessible. industrial centers such as Yerevan, Alaverdi, Hrazdan, The spelling of city and road names varies greatly. Vanadzor and Ararat. ARMAVIR CONDITIONS USEFUL INFORMATION The city is 44 km west of Yerevan on the M-4 and is the Taxis are available. capital of Armavir Marz. The city is also known as Minibuses provide transport to and from Yerevan. Service is Hoktemberyan. frequent. The terrain is fairly level. Walking is a good option. Some minibuses provide day tours of the city. BAGRATASHEN CONDITIONS USEFUL INFORMATION Located in Tavush Province, near Armenia’s busiest border Buses, minivans and taxis provide transport between the city crossing with Georgia, the city is a regional rail and road and Tbilisi, Georgia. transport hub. Border crossing facilities meet European Buses and minivans provide regular service to Yerevan. standards. Tourist facilities are well developed. DILIJAN CONDITIONS USEFUL INFORMATION The city is a short distance north of Sevan Lake. Main roads Transport is provided by buses, minibuses, vans and taxis. serving the city: M3 and M4. Tour buses provide transport to popular destinations. Taxis The city is easily toured by walking. can be hired for a day or more. Ask tourist office for Old Town Dilijan assistance with setting the fare. Historic Sharambeyan Street represents “Old Town Dilijan.” Few taxi drivers speak English. Politely refuse to allow the Craftsmen’s workshops, museums, restaurants and driver to change agreed price. Ask police for assistance if commercial shops line the narrow, stone-paved street. necessary. Bicycles can be rented from the tourist office. GYUMRI CONDITIONS USEFUL INFORMATION Capital of Shirak Province in northwest Armenia. Armenia’s Unless driving a rental vehicle or personal vehicle, taxi may second largest city. be the best way to tour the city. The city is the third most important trade center in the Local minivans provide transport, but route numbers are Trans-Caucasus region after Tiflis (Georgia) and Baku confusing. Minivans may not travel to all sites of interest (Azerbaijan). to tourists. An important rail hub. Rail line links the city with Tiflis, Shirak International Airport, 5 km from city center. Yerevan, Jolfa (Iran) and Tabriz (Iran). Armenia’s second largest airport. The airport is in a The Old City is easily walked, newer parts of the city are mountainous location. The airport serves as alternative spread out. airport when Zvartnots International Airport is closed due to adverse weather conditions. ROAD TRAVEL REPORT: ARMENIA 3 © ASIRT 2010 JERMUK CONDITIONS USEFUL INFORMATION The city is in Vayots Dzor Province, 175 km from Yerevan. It The city is situated at 2080 meters above sea level. The Arpa is only accessible by road. River flows through it. The M2 Highway passes near the city. The local road linking During the peak tourist season, several buses and minibuses the city and the M2is in fair condition. A few sections may provide transport between the city and larger cities in the be rough. country. During the off-peak season, transport services are Minor roads near the city are being improved. Many are more limited. narrow, winding and in poor condition. They may close, Transport from Yerevan: Buses and minibuses to Jermuk due to heavy snows. leave from Kilikia bus station. Shared taxis and regular Traffic signals do not work. Inadequate street lighting is taxis also provide transport. Minibuses fill quickly; arrive being upgraded. early. Some sidewalks are in poor condition. Sidewalks on the The resort area above the city can easily be walked. The area right river bank have been repaired. Those on the left surrounding the city consists of meadows, rolling bank are being repaired.
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