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HAEM Pomad 13

1983 (= POMAD Pomad 1) FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS (Areas 57/71)

FISHING AREA 51 FAMILY: (W. )

Pomadasys kaakan (Cuvier, 1830)

OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Pristipoma hasta (not Bloch, 1797) nageb (Rüppell, 1835)

VERNACULAR NAMES: FAO : En - Javelin grunter (= Lined silver grunter, Areas 57/71) Fr - Grondeur javelot Sp - Corocoro jabalina 2 pores NATIONAL: pit DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS:

Body oblong and compressed, its depth contained 2.5 to 2.8 times in standard length. Head blunt, its upper profile convex; mouth small, lips moderately thick; upper jaw reaching to level of anterior eye margin; teeth in jaws small, pointed, in narrow bands, the outer series enlarged; two pores and a median pit on chin. Dorsal fin with 12 spines and 13 or 15 soft rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 7 or 8 soft rays. Scales moderate, ctenoid (rough to touch). Lateral line slightly arched. Colour: body silvery grey, with about 7 to 11 interrupted double dark brown to greyish spots, forming transverse bars in juveniles but gradually becoming less distinct

and disappearing completely with age; dorsal fin with 2 or 3 rows of brown spots, other fins yellowish. underside of head DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA:

Pomadasys commersonni, P. multimaculatum and P. maculatum: large blotches or evenly distributed spots present on body and fins.

P. argyreus and P. olivaceum: dorsal fin without spots, body silvery.

P. furcatus and P. stridens: very distinct longi- tudinal stripes on body.

P. multimaculatum P. argenteus: 5 scale rows between lateral line and dorsal fin origin (7 in P. kaakan).

Plectorhinchus species: 6 pores (2 in Pomadasys species), and no median pit on chin.

SIZE: P. olivaceum Maximum: 80 cm; common to 50 cm.

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR: In the area, found along the east coast of Africa (including , the , Farrquhar and Comoro islands), in the and from the Gulf of Aden to the "Gulf", and to Sri Lanka. Elsewhere, ex- tending southward to Queensland and northward to Taiwan (Province of China).

Inhabits coastal waters, at depths of about 60 m. P. furcatus

Feeds on crustaceans and fishes.

PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS:

Throughout its range.

CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION:

Separate statistics are not reported for this species.

Caught by bottom trawls, bottom longlines, gillnets and traps.

Marketed fresh; also salted. HAEM Pomad 14

1983

FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS

FISHING AREA 51 FAMILY: HAEMULIDAE (W. Indian Ocean)

Pomadasys multimaculatum (Playfair, 1866)

OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: None

VERNACULAR NAMES: FAO : En - Cock grunter Fr - Grondeur coq Sp - Corocoro gallito 2 pores NATIONAL:

pit DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS:

Body oblong and compressed, its depth contained 2.5 to 2.8 times in standard length. Head blunt, its upper profile straight or concave (large adults); mouth small, maxilla reaching to level of posterior nostril; teeth in jaws in villiform bands; two pores and a median pit on chin. Dorsal fin with 12 spines and 13 soft rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 7 soft rays. Scales ctenoid (rough to touch); lateral line with 50 to 54 scales.

Colour: body and head with small dark brown spots; dorsal fin spotted like on body. underside of head DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA:

No other Pomadasys species has spots on body and head.

Plectorhinchus species: 6 pores (2 in Pomadasys species) and no median pit on chin.

SIZE:

Maximum: 76 cm; common to 15 cm.

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR:

In the area, found along the east coast of Africa, from to the Red Sea, and from the Gulf of Aden to the "Gulf", Pakistan and the west coast of . Inhabits coastal waters.

PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS:

Coastal waters along the west coast of India.

CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION:

Separate statistics are not reported for this species.

Caught with bottom trawls.

Marketed fresh. HAEM Pomad 15

1983

FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS

FAMILY: HAEMULIDAE FISHING AREA 51 (W. Indian Ocean)

Pomadasys olivaceum (Day, 1875

OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: None

VERNACULAR NAMES:

FAO : En - Olive grunt Fr - Goret olive Sp - Corocoro aceituna 2 pores NATIONAL:

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: pit

Body oblong and compressed, its depth contained 2.6 times in standard length. Head blunt, its upper profile convex; mouth small, maxilla reaching to level of posterior nostril or eye; teeth in jaws in villiform bands, outer row enlarged; two pores and a median pit on chin. Dorsal fin with 12 spines and 15 soft rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 11 or 12 soft rays. Scales ctenoid (rough to touch); lateral line with 54 or 55 scales. Colour: body and head olive grey, sometimes tinged with purple; a large blotch, bordered by yellow anteriorly, at upper angle of gill cover; dorsal fin with fine brown dots. underside of head DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA:

Pomadasys commersonni: 8 to 10 soft rays in anal fin (11 or 12 in P. olivaceum): body covered with numerous dark brown spots.

All other Pomadasys species have 7 or 8 anal fin rays.

Plectorhinchus species: 6 pores (2 in Pomadasys species) and no median pit on chin.

SIZE: P. commersonni Maximum: 31 cm.

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR:

In the area, found along the east coast of Africa (including Madagascar), and from the Gulf of Aden to Pakistan, India and Sri Lanka.

Inhabits coastal waters.

PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS:

Throughout its range.

CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION:

Separate statistics are not reported for this species.

Caught with bottom trawls, bottom longlines, handlines, gillnets and traps.

Marketed fresh; also salted. HAEM Pomad 16

1983

FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS

FAMILY: HAEMULIDAE FISHING AREA 51 (W. Indian Ocean)

Pomadasys stridens (Forsskål, 1775)

OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Rhonciscus stridens Forsskål, 1775

VERNACULAR NAMES:

FAO: En - Striped piggy Fr - Goret à trois bandes Sp - Ronco de tres bandas 2 pores NATIONAL:

pit DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS:

Body oblong and compressed, its depth contained 3.2 to 3.3 times in standard length. Head rounded, its upper profile convex; mouth small; maxilla reaching to eye; teeth in jaws in wide villiform bands; two pores and a median pit on chin. Dorsal fin with 12 spines and 14 soft rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 8 soft rays. Scales ctenoid (rough to touch); lateral line with about 70 scales and 57 to 60 pores; 10 scales between lateral line and dorsal fin origin. Colour: body brown above, white below, with 3 brown to golden stripes on body; a dark spot present on opercle. underside of head DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA:

Pomadasys furcatus: about 6 longitudinal stripes along body; lateral line scales 50 to 60 (70 in P. stridens).

Other Pomadasys species: no distinct longitudinal stripes on body, although undulating lines of spots on scale rows may be present; lateral line scales less than 60. Plectorhinchus species: 6 pores (2 in Pomadasys species and no median pit on chin.

SIZE: P. furcatus

Maximum: 16 cm.

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR:

East Africa from Natal to northern Mozambique.

Inhabits coastal waters.

Feeds on crustaceans and fishes.

PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS:

Throughout its range; not common.

CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION:

Separate statistics are not reported for this species.

Caught by line.

Marketed fresh; also salted.

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