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Indiana Statehood Indiana Statehood The Indiana Historian A Magazine Exploring Indiana History In 1925, the Indiana General the Constitution are explored on Assembly provided for the desig- pages 6-7; a chart of delegates is Focus nation of December 11 as Indiana on page 14. Day. By law (Indiana Code 1-1-10) The organization and work of “The governor shall issue a procla- the convention are covered on mation annually designating the pages 8-9. Front cover illustration: The first ten (of eleventh day of December as Activities after the conven- twenty-seven) rules for the government of Indiana Day” and citizens are tion to complete Indiana’s organi- the convention, reproduced from Journal urged to celebrate “in appropriate zation and acceptance as a state of the Convention of the Indiana Territory, and patriotic observance of the are covered on pages 10-11. 1816 (Louisville, 1816). The journal is 6 inches by 9 inches in size. Courtesy anniversary of the admission of Content of the 1816 Consti- Indiana State Archives. the state of Indiana into the tution and how it fared as a Union.” governing instrument are covered Back cover illustration: Reportedly the first map of Indiana published after it This issue focuses on the on pages 12-13. became a state; note the mis-location of events in 1816 by which Indiana The timeline provides some Lake Michigan. It was published in became the nineteenth state. background and context. The Philadelphia by John Melish and Samuel Harrison in 1817. Courtesy Indiana On page 3, there is a brief bibliography and resources on Division, Indiana State Library. overview which helps to answer page 15 provide sources for the question, Why statehood? further study. Most documents On pages 4-5, the Indiana referred to are available in their Memorial to Congress requesting entirety on the Historical Bureau statehood and the Enabling Act by Web site. Congress are compared and This is the second issue in a discussed. series exploring some bench- The setting of the 1816 marks in Indiana history. The constitutional convention in first was “Indiana Territory,” The Corydon and the men who wrote Indiana Historian, March 1999. The Indiana Historian September 1999 ISSN 1071-3301 Order Number 7049 Editor You be the historian Pamela J. Bennett Lead Researcher • Why was the new northern bound- • There is little contemporary infor- Paula A. Bongen ary established in the Enabling Act mation about convention activities. Designer Dani B. Pfaff important? What effect has that new However, given what information is Contributing Editors boundary had over time and up to the available in the Journal of the Conven- Carole M. Allen, Janine Beckley, Alan Conant, Dani B. Pfaff, present? tion and elsewhere, create an event to Virginia Terpening • What important symbol of the past report the closing day of the conven- The Indiana Historian provides resources and mod- (like the Constitution Elm or the tion as it might be covered in today’s els for the study of local history to encourage Indiana’s citizens of all ages to become engaged with the history Corydon state capitol) exists in your media. of their communities and the state of Indiana. The Indiana Historian (formerly The Indiana Junior county? What does it commemorate on • December 11 is declared Indiana Historian) is issued quarterly from March through De- the state or local level? How is it pre- Day by the governor each year in cel- cember. It is a membership benefit of the Indiana Junior served and/or celebrated? ebration of Indiana’s birthday. Plan an Historical Society. One complimentary subscription is provided to Indiana libraries, school media centers, • Discuss the men who wrote Indiana’s Indiana Day ceremony and/or festival and cultural and historical organizations. 1816 Constitution. Based on informa- that demonstrates important aspects Annual subscriptions are available for $5.00 plus tax. Back issues are available at individual and bulk tion in the chart on page 14, describe of Indiana’s road to statehood. pricing. This material is available to visually impaired pa- the makeup and background of the • Investigate the recent efforts of trons in audio format, courtesy of the Indiana History convention delegates. Puerto Rico to become a state. What Project of the Indiana Historical Society. Tapes are available through the Talking Books Program of the • Call a constitutional convention for issues have been important to the Indiana State Library; contact the Talking Books Pro- gram, 317-232-3702. your classroom and write a constitu- people as they voted? What are some The Indiana Historian is copyrighted. Educators tion to govern it. Look at the 1816 positive and negative factors for and may reproduce items for class use, but no part of the publication may be reproduced in any way for profit Indiana Constitution on the Historical against statehood? How do these fac- without written permission of the Indiana Historical Bureau. Room 408, 140 North Senate Avenue, India- Bureau Web site to identify articles tors compare or contrast to Indiana’s napolis, IN 46204; 317-232-2535. that would be relevant. Keep a journal situation in 1816? E-MAIL [email protected] to document your activities. INTERNET www.statelib.lib.in.us/www/ihb/ihb.html 2 The Indiana Historian, September 1999 © Copyright Indiana Historical Bureau 1999 Why statehood? The Ordinance of 1787 estab- passed the Enabling Act. Del- Indiana Counties in Existence prior to lished a training regimen or egates elected by the people met 1815 Territorial General Assembly blueprint for the formation of new in convention, affirmed the states from the Northwest Terri- Enabling Act of Congress, and Indiana Territory boundary tory. Ohio, in 1803, was the first wrote and adopted the Constitu- state formed from the territory. tion. Acting under the Constitu- Indiana, in 1816, was the second tion, the people elected a General state formed from the Northwest Assembly, state officers, and Territory. The formation and representatives to Congress. On progress of Indiana Territory was December 11, 1816, Indiana was a necessity for the ultimate goal of admitted to the union. Knox statehood. The vast majority of people Throughout the territorial in Indiana knew what was hap- period, there were debates and pening during this process, and Wayne petitions about the consequences they approved the move to a Franklin of moving toward statehood. democratic government which Unorganized Indiana Dearborn Important issues were the in- forbad slavery. The preamble to Territory creased costs, an expected in- the Constitution of 1816 reached boundary Jefferson Switzer- crease in taxes, and the lack of far beyond the federal Bill of land Vincennes services and communication for Rights. Some provisions of the Washington people distant from the capital. Constitution—education, for Clark Gibson Clarksville Later in the Indiana territo- example—were visionary. Harrison Perry rial period there were two major Statehood held the promise Posey Warrick Corydon factions. The western, Vincennes- of a better future for Indiana Sources: Barnhart and Riker, 431, 441-43; George Pence and Nellie C. Armstrong, focused pro-William Henry and its citizens. The 1816 Indiana Boundaries (Indianapolis, 1967), Harrison/Thomas Posey faction Constitution expressed the 530-31, 654-55, 680-81, 766-67, 802-03. was connected with keeping the delegates’ hope and optimism for territory status, keeping slavery that future. alive, and keeping more power Sources: Barnhart and Riker, 412- with the appointed governor. The 63; Madison, 46-54; “Indiana Terri- eastern, Corydon-focused pro- tory,” The Indiana Historian, March Jonathan Jennings faction 1999; see also, James H. Madison, Indiana’s Pioneer Heritage and the wanted the democratic benefits of End of the Twentieth Century (India- statehood—especially an elected napolis, 1996). governor with limited power—and the final eradication of slavery in the state. On December 11, 1815, the Indiana Territorial Assembly was ready to pursue statehood, and This anonymous commentary about the progress of the the Memorial for statehood was convention appeared in the sent to Congress. Congress Vincennes Western Sun, June 22, 1816. 1780 1783 1785 1787 1800 1800 October 10 September 3 May 20 July 13 May 7 May 13 Continental Congress passes Treaty of Paris signed, Land Ordinance of The Northwest Ordinance Congress splits Northwest William Henry Harrison appoin- “Resolution on Public Lands,” officially ends American 1785 allows of 1787 establishes, and Territory into 2 territories: ted governor of Indiana Territory; which resolves to settle lands Revolution, recognizes surveying and selling provides a system of Indiana Territory and Northwest John Gibson, secretary; Henry west of Appalachian American indepen- of land in Western government for, Territory (now Ohio, tip of Van der Burgh, William Clark, Mountains and create future dence from Great Reserve (now in Northwest Territory southeast Ind., and part of and John Griffin appointed states (Patrick, 49, 54). Britain (Carruth, 100). Ohio) (Carruth, 102). (Carruth, 102). Mich.) (Hawkins, 24-26). judges (Goebel, 56-59). © Copyright Indiana Historical Bureau 1999 The Indiana Historian, September 1999 3 Beginning the road to statehood Memorial for statehood, The Enabling Act, December 11, 1815 April 19, 1816 The first step in attaining admis- On April 19, 1816, President sion to the union was to ask the James Madison signed into law permission of the U.S. Congress. the act passed by Congress which That step was taken by the would enable Indiana to become a Indiana Territory General Assem- state “on an equal footing with the bly on December 11, 1815. The original States.” House passed a Memorial to Some of Indiana’s requests in Congress by a vote of seven to five, the Memorial and what Congress stating that Indiana was qualified granted in the Enabling Act are to become a state. compared in the chart on page 5.
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