THE DETERMINATION of MERCURY SPECIES in ENVIRONMENTAL and BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES (Technical Report)
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Calculation of Properties of Environmental Interest
1 Journal of Environmental Monitoring 10:435-442, 2008 Solvation parameters for mercury and mercury(II) compounds: calculation of properties of environmental interest Michael H. Abraham, *a Javier Gil-Lostes, a William E. Acree, Jr. b J. Enrique Cometto-Muñiz, c and William S. Cain. c a Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H OAJ, UK. Email: [email protected] b Department of Chemistry, P. O. Box 305070, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203-5070, USA. c Chemosensory Perception Laboratory, Department of Surgery (Otolaryngology), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0957, USA 2 Descriptors have been determined for four inorganic mercury(II) species and for seventeen organic mercury(II) species, using experimental literature data. These descriptors can then be used in equations that we have already set out in order to estimate a large number of physicochemical properties. These include the water to octanol partition coefficient and the gas to water partition coefficient. For the organic mercury(II) species, including dimethylmercury and the methylmercury(II) halides, the latter has been estimated over the temperature range 273-373K. Introduction Mercury and mercury(II) compounds are important species; dimethylmercury and methylmercury(II) compounds are known environmental pollutants. Although a number of thermodynamic properties are available especially for mercury 1, 2 and mercury(II) halides, 2 many other properties that are relevant to environmental and health issues are not known. A number of computational methods can be used for the calculation of a range of properties of compounds, but many of these methods such as SPARC,3 Advanced Chemistry Development 4 and PharmaAlgorithms, 5 cannot deal with any compounds that contain mercury atoms. -
Effects of Inorganic Mercury on Developing Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Larvae
EFFECTS OF INORGANIC MERCURY ON DEVELOPING ZEBRAFISH (DANIO RERIO) LARVAE A Thesis Submitted to the College of Graduate Studies and Research In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy In the Toxicology Graduate Program University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon By TRACY CLARYLINDA MACDONALD Copyright Tracy Clarylinda MacDonald, September, 2015. All rights reserved. PERMISSION TO USE STATEMENT In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree from the University of Saskatchewan, I agree that the Libraries of this University may make it freely available for inspection. I further agree that permission for copying of this thesis in any manner, in whole or in part, for scholarly purposes may be granted by the professor or professors who supervised my thesis work or, in their absence, by the Head of the Department or the Dean of the College in which my thesis work was done. It is understood that any copying or publication or use of this thesis or parts thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. It is also understood that due recognition shall be given to me and to the University of Saskatchewan in any scholarly use which may be made of any material in my thesis. Requests for permission to copy or to make other use of material in this thesis in whole or part should be addressed to: Chair of the Toxicology Graduate Program Toxicology Centre University of Saskatchewan 44 Campus Drive Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5B3 i ABSTRACT Mercury (Hg) compounds are some of the most toxic compounds of any heavy metal on earth. -
A Wet Process for the Extraction of Mercury
Scholars' Mine Professional Degree Theses Student Theses and Dissertations 1916 A wet process for the extraction of mercury Robert Glenn Sickly Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/professional_theses Part of the Metallurgy Commons Department: Recommended Citation Sickly, Robert Glenn, "A wet process for the extraction of mercury" (1916). Professional Degree Theses. 140. https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/professional_theses/140 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars' Mine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Professional Degree Theses by an authorized administrator of Scholars' Mine. This work is protected by U. S. Copyright Law. Unauthorized use including reproduction for redistribution requires the permission of the copyright holder. For more information, please contact [email protected]. "/389 A '.vET PROCESS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF MERCURY. ROBERT GLENN SICKLY. '~~****** A THESIS subl!li tted to the facul t Jr of the SCHOOL OF lnIN}~S AND METALI.. URGY O~' THE U:nlv~RSITY OF I~ISSOURI in partial fulfillment of the work required for the Degree of METALJJURGICAL :S:NGINEER. Cobalt, Ont. Canada. 1916. ********* Approved by Professor 0 r~· w-e-r-~r~~J#/d' £7' 11/6 TABLE OF COIrTE1:ITS. Subject. Pa.ge. Introduction ------------------------~---------- 2. The nature o~ the mercury losses --------------- 2. The chemical loss o~ mercury ------------------- 3. The mercury process ---------------------------- 5. Flow-sheet ------------------------------------- 7. Chemistry of the process ----------------------- 7. hlethod of dissolving the mercury --------------- 8: Various methods of precipitation --------------- 16. Aluminium precipitation ------------------------ 19. Curve on aluminium precipitation ----------- opp. 21. Experimental plant installation ---------------- 23. Curves on operation of experimental plant --GpP. -
Free Radical Reactions of Organomercurials De-Liang Guo Iowa State University
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1989 Free radical reactions of organomercurials De-Liang Guo Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Organic Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Guo, De-Liang, "Free radical reactions of organomercurials " (1989). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 9126. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/9126 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photo graph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are re produced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. -
Mercury Study Report to Congress
United States EPA-452/R-97-007 Environmental Protection December 1997 Agency Air Mercury Study Report to Congress Volume V: Health Effects of Mercury and Mercury Compounds Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards and Office of Research and Development c7o032-1-1 MERCURY STUDY REPORT TO CONGRESS VOLUME V: HEALTH EFFECTS OF MERCURY AND MERCURY COMPOUNDS December 1997 Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards and Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency TABLE OF CONTENTS Page U.S. EPA AUTHORS ............................................................... iv SCIENTIFIC PEER REVIEWERS ...................................................... v WORK GROUP AND U.S. EPA/ORD REVIEWERS ......................................viii LIST OF TABLES...................................................................ix LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................. xii LIST OF SYMBOLS, UNITS AND ACRONYMS ........................................xiii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................... ES-1 1. INTRODUCTION ...........................................................1-1 2. TOXICOKINETICS ..........................................................2-1 2.1 Absorption ...........................................................2-1 2.1.1 Elemental Mercury ..............................................2-1 2.1.2 Inorganic Mercury ..............................................2-2 2.1.3 Methylmercury .................................................2-3 2.2 Distribution -
Intramolecular Ene Reactions of Functionalised Nitroso Compounds
INTRAMOLECULAR ENE REACTIONS OF FUNCTIONALISED NITROSO COMPOUNDS A Thesis Presented by Sandra Luengo Arratta In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY OF UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON Christopher Ingold Laboratories Department of Chemistry University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ July 2010 DECLARATION I Sandra Luengo Arratta, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where work has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. ABSTRACT This thesis concerns the generation of geminally functionalised nitroso compounds and their subsequent use in intramolecular ene reactions of types I and II, in order to generate hydroxylamine derivatives which can evolve to the corresponding nitrones. The product nitrones can then be trapped in the inter- or intramolecular mode by a variety of reactions, including 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, thereby leading to diversity oriented synthesis. The first section comprises the chemistry of the nitroso group with a brief discussion of the current methods for their generation together with the scope and limitations of these methods for carrying out nitroso ene reactions, with different examples of its potential as a powerful synthetic method to generate target drugs. The second chapter describes the results of the research programme and opens with the development of methods for the generation of functionalised nitroso compounds from different precursors including oximes and nitro compounds, using a range of reactants and conditions. The application of these methods in intramolecular nitroso ene reactions is then discussed. Chapter three presents the conclusions which have been drawn from the work presented in chapter two, and provides suggestions for possible directions of this research in the future. -
Survey of Mercury and Mercury Compounds
Survey of mercury and mercury compounds Part of the LOUS-review Environmental Project No. 1544, 2014 Title: Authors and contributors: Survey of mercury and mercury compounds Jakob Maag Jesper Kjølholt Sonja Hagen Mikkelsen Christian Nyander Jeppesen Anna Juliana Clausen and Mie Ostenfeldt COWI A/S, Denmark Published by: The Danish Environmental Protection Agency Strandgade 29 1401 Copenhagen K Denmark www.mst.dk/english Year: ISBN no. 2014 978-87-93026-98-8 Disclaimer: When the occasion arises, the Danish Environmental Protection Agency will publish reports and papers concerning research and development projects within the environmental sector, financed by study grants provided by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency. It should be noted that such publications do not necessarily reflect the position or opinion of the Danish Environmental Protection Agency. However, publication does indicate that, in the opinion of the Danish Environmental Protection Agency, the content represents an important contribution to the debate surrounding Danish environmental policy. While the information provided in this report is believed to be accurate, the Danish Environmental Protection Agency disclaims any responsibility for possible inaccuracies or omissions and consequences that may flow from them. Neither the Danish Environmental Protection Agency nor COWI or any individual involved in the preparation of this publication shall be liable for any injury, loss, damage or prejudice of any kind that may be caused by persons who have acted based on their understanding of the information contained in this publication. Sources must be acknowledged. 2 Survey of mercury and mercury compounds Contents Preface ...................................................................................................................... 5 Summary and conclusions ......................................................................................... 7 Sammenfatning og konklusion ................................................................................ 14 1. -
Preparation and Basic Cleavage of Some Arylsilanes Lewis Samuel Miller Iowa State College
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1950 Preparation and basic cleavage of some arylsilanes Lewis Samuel Miller Iowa State College Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Organic Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Miller, Lewis Samuel, "Preparation and basic cleavage of some arylsilanes " (1950). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 13719. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/13719 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NOTE TO USERS This reproduction is the best copy available. UMI PREPARATIOII AIJD BASIC CLEAVAGE OP SOLE ARILSILAKES by Iiewls Samuel Killer A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OP PinLOSOPHT Major Subject: Organic Chemistry Approved Signature was redacted for privacy. In Charge of Major Work Signature was redacted for privacy. Head of Major Departiien' Signature was redacted for privacy. Dean of Graduate College Iowa State College 1950 UMI Number: DP12853 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. -
Investigating the Mechanism of Catalytic Tetraphenylborate Decomposition Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry: Initial Studies in FYOO
OAK RIDGE MANAGED BY UT-BA-ITELLE ORNUl-M-20001279 FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Investigating the Mechanism of Catalytic Tetraphenylborate Decomposition Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry: Initial Studies in FYOO Peter V. Bonnesen Laztitia H. Delmau Frederick V. Sloop, Jr. UT-BATTELLE ORNL/TM-20001279 INVEQIGATING THE MECHANISM OF CATALYTIC TETRAPHENYLBORATE ‘DECOMPOSITION USING NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROMETRY: INITIAL STUDIES IN FYOO : ,’ Peter V. Bonnesen, Latitia H. Delmau, and Frederick V. Sloop, Jr. “1 c The submitted manuscript has been authored by a r* contractor of the U.S. Government under contract DE- f AC05-OOOR22725. Accordingly, the U .S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or lar3 ‘ s allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes.” Date Published: December 2000 Prepared by i OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY Oak Ridge, Tennessee 3783 l-6285 managed by ,fT UT-Battelle, LLC . for the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY k”a under contract AC05-OOOR22725 1 , _t 1 CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES . V e”b: LIST OF TABLES . .. vii t ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . ix i”: L 1 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS . ..xi . EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . x111 1. PROJECT OBJECTIVE . 1 PJ-I * 2. TETRAPHENYLBORATE DEGRADATION . ..I................. 1 hI - 2.1 INTRODUCTION . 1 2.2 MATERIALS AND INSTRUMENTATION ......................... ................... 2 mm 2.2.1 Materials ..... ..~.................................................. h’ ................... 2.2.2 Nuclear’Magnetic’Resonance’Spectrometry .................. ................... I ; 2.2.3 Synthesis of Labeled Materials ................................ ................... 3 2.3 TETRAPHENYLBORATE DEGRADATION USING PALLADIUM ON ALUMINA WITH DIPHENYLMERCURY’ . 2.3.1 Introduction . ; 2.3.2 Experimental . 9 2.3.3 Results and Discussion . -
Chemistry - Mercury - Tutorialspoint
1/24/2021 Chemistry - Mercury - Tutorialspoint Chemistry - Mercury Introduction Mercury is a chemical element, which usually known as ‘quicksilver.’.’ Formerly,, mercurymercury waswas namednamed asas ‘‘hydrargyrum.’.’ The symbol of mercury is ‘Hg’‘Hg’ andand atomicatomic numbernumber isis ‘80.’‘80.’ The red pigment vermilion isis extracted by grinding either natural cinnabar or synthetic mercuric sulfide. Salient Features of Mercury Mercury is a heavy and silvery-white metal. Mercury usually available inin liquidliquid state; inin normal condition, itit isis only thethe fewfew metallic element that remains in liquid state at room temperature. Mercury is the poor conductor of heat, but it is a good conductor of the electricity.. The freezing point of mercury is −38.830C and the boiling point is 356.730C. Mercury poisoning caused because of thethe ingestingingesting any formform of mercury.. ItIt isis also caused by inhalation of mercury vapor.. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/chemistry_part2/chemistry_mercury.htm 1/3 1/24/2021 Chemistry - Mercury - Tutorialspoint Mercury dissolves many metals including gold and silver to form amalgams. Occurrence of Mercury Mercury is one of the rarest element in the earth’s crust. The richest mercury ores carry about 2.5 percent mercury (in terms of mass). Mercury isis foundfound either as a native (natural) element) or inin corderoite, cinnabar,, livingstonite,livingstonite, etc.etc. minerals.minerals. Mercury iis foundfound thethe region of young mountain belt; thethe belt thatthat keep forcingforcing -
Introduction Cover
Introduction Cover TM Best Practices for Creating High Performance Healing Environments Version 2.2 Operations Section, 2008 Revision December 2008 Title Page Convener: Founding Sponsors: Other Sponsors: Table of Contents Overview 1 – Introduction 2 – Checklist – Operations 3 – Credit Summary – Operations Operations Credits 4 – Integrated Operations & Education 5 – Sustainable Sites Management 6 – Transportation Operations 7 – Facilities Management 8 – Chemical Management 9 – Waste Management 10 – Environmental Services 11 – Food Service 12 – Environmentally Preferable Purchasing 13 – Innovation in Operations Release for Public Use The Green Guide for Health Care (Green Guide), a project of the Center for Maximum Potential Building Systems and Practice Greenhealth, is released for public use in PDF format. All replication in whole or in part must reference the Green Guide and include the limitations on its use described herein. The Green Guide is an open source document that is provided at no charge. Material contained within the Green Guide may not be used by or as part of a for-profit enterprise (for sale or as a component of an educational program) in which attendees are charged fees without the express permission of the Green Guide for Health Care Co- Coordinators. Portions of Green Guide for Health Care-Operations Version 2.2 are borrowed, with permission, from the U.S. Green Building Council’s LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations and Maintenance, January 2008 and LEED for Healthcare public comment draft, November 2007. This 2008 second public comment draft release of Green Guide for Health Care-Operations Version 2.2 represents a major revision of the Green Guide v2.2 Operations section. -
United States Patent Office
Patented Mar. 15, 1949 2.464,203 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,464,203 MANUEFACTURE OF DENOESTROL Walace Fraak Short and Gordon van Hobday, Nottingham, England, assignors to Boots Pure Frug Company inited, Nottinghain, England, a coapaay of Great Britain No Drawing. Application May 10, 1944, Serial No. 534,988. In Great Britain May 21, 1943 18 Claims. (C. 260-470) 2 This invention relates to improved processes for an amalgan in an aqueous alkaline solution. the manufacture of y8-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- Preferred anaigans are sodium amalgam and hexane-y&-diol and of the dihydroxy compound potassium amalgam but other amalgams may be ?y8-bis-4-hydroxyphenyl-A56-hexadiene obtained used. from it by dehydration. 5 When the reduction is effected with the use of The latter (known as “Dienoestrol, B. M. J. an analgarin in an alkaline Solution the isolation 1942, 2, page 256) is of importance because it of the pinacol formed may be effected by known possesses oestrogenic propertie5. methods of separation but it is preferred to use It has previously been proposed to reduce the acylation in ethod previously described. p-hydroxypropiophenone to the pinacol, y?-bis O A further object of the invention is to provide (4-hydroxyphenyl)-hexane-yô-diol with the use an improved process for the production of dienoes of aluminium amalgam in moist ether (Dodds, trol from the aforesaid pinacol. Golberg, Lawson and Robinson. Proc. Roy. Hitherto, the pinaco) has been converted into Soc., 1939, B. vol. 127, 140-167) and an electro dienoestrol by treatment with a mixture of acetyl lytic reduction process has also been described in 15 chloride and acetic anhydride (Dodds et al.