Allocation of Law Enforcement Authority in the International System. Proceedings of an International Symposium of the Kiel Insti

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Allocation of Law Enforcement Authority in the International System. Proceedings of an International Symposium of the Kiel Insti Allocation of Law Enforcement Authority in the International System Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Internationales Recht an der Universität Kiel Herausgegeben von Jost Delbrück Institut für Internationales Recht an der Universität Kiel 117 Völkerrechtlicher Beirat des Instituts: Daniel Bardonnet John Norton Moore l'Universite de Paris ll University of Virginia, Charlottesville Rodoll Bernhardt Max-Planck-Institut für Fred L. Morrison ausländisches öffentliches University of Minnesota, Recht und Völkerrecht, Minneapolis Heidelberg Albrecht Randelzhofer Lucius Caflisch Freie Universität Berlin Institut Universitaire de Hautes Krzysztof Skubiszewski Etudes Internationales, Geneve Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw and Poznan Antonius Eitel Bonn Christian Tomuschat Universität Bonn Luigi Ferrari Bravo Universita di Roma Rüdiger Wolfrum Max-Planck-Institut für Louis Benkin ausländisches öffentliches Columbia University, Recht und Völkerrecht, New York Heidelberg Tommy T. B. Koh Sir Artbur Watts Washington, D. C. London Allocation of Law Enforcement Authority in the International System Proceedings of an International Symposium of the Kiel Institute of International Law March 23 to 25, 1994 Edited by Jost Delbrück Assistant Editor: Ursula E. Heinz Duncker & Humblot · Berlin Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Allocation of law enforcement authority in the international system : proceedings of an international symposium of the Kiel Institute of International Law, March 23 to 25, 1994 I ed. by Jost Delbrück. - Berlin : Duncker und Humblot, 1995 (Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Internationales Recht an der Universität Kiel ; 117) ISBN 3-428-08335-0 NE: Delbrück, Jost [Hrsg.]; Institut für Internationales Recht (Kiel): Veröffentlichungen des Instituts ... Alle Rechte, einschließlich das der Übersetzung, vorbehalten. Ohne ausdrückliche Genehmigung des Verlages ist es nicht gestattet, das Buch oder Teile daraus in irgendeiner Weise zu vervielfältigen. © 1995 Duncker & Humblot GmbH, Berlin Fremddatenübernahme und Druck: Berliner Buchdruckerei Union GmbH, Berlin Printed in Germany ISSN 0720-7263 ISBN 3-428-08335-0 Gedruckt auf alterungsbeständigem (säurefreiem) Papier gemäß der ANSI-Norm für Bibliotheken Foreword Since its inception by Eberhard Menzel, the series of international and often interdisciplinary symposia organized by the Institute of International Law at the Christian-Albrechts-University at Kiel numbers eighteen conferences including the 1994 Symposium on "The Allocation of Law Enforcement Authority in the Inter- national System," documented in the present volume. Five of these symposia were held on the occasion of important dates in the now eighty years of the Institute's existence: On the occasion of the Institute's 50th anniversary, the Institute wel- comed about thirty leading international and German scholars, including a good number of former members of the Institute, arnong them Paul Guggenheim, who received an honorary doctorate from the Faculty of Law of the Christian-Al- brechts-University together with Max Sörensen at this occasion. In 1974 and 1984, the Institute commemorated its 60th and 70th anniversaries, andin 1989, the Insti- tute bad the honor of hosting again a large nurober of eminent legal scholars on the occasion of its 75th anniversary. The subjects these symposia were devoted to are significant of the wide range of important international legal problems which the Institute has been and still is concerned with. In 1964, the 50th anniversary sympo- sium took stock of the fascinating development that international law bad under- gone in the preceding half century. Ulrich Scheuner gave a thought provoking overview of the developments of international law in bis paper "50 Jahre Völker- recht" (50 years of internationallaw), Max Sörensen spoke on "Völkerrechtlicher Schutz der Menschenrechte" (International Protection of Human Rights), Paul Guggenheim read a paper on "Die Problematik des europäischen Zusammen- schlusses" (The Problem of European Integration), and Konrad Zweigert con- cluded the symposium with a paper on "Internationales Privatrecht und Öffent- liches Recht" (Private International Law and Public Law). The 1974 symposium, convened by Wilhelm A. Kewenig, was devoted to the general subject of "Die Ver- einten Nationen im Wandel" (Changing United Nations), and the 1984 conference concerned itself under the title "Recht auf Information - Schutz vor Information" (Right to Information - Protection against Information) with the then current prob- lems of a New International Information Order. The 1989 symposium on the occa- sion of the 75th anniversary, again attended by a large number of international and German international legal scholars and international legal practitioners from the British and the German Foreign Offices, dwelt in depth with the thorny problern of "Strengthening the World Order: Universalism v. Regionalism. Risks and Opportu- nities of Regionalization," based on papers delivered by Otto Kimminich, Chris- toph Schreuer, Eibe Riede/, and Christian Tomuschat. 6 Foreword The 1994 symposium, the papers and proceedings of which are hereby made avai1able to the public, under the title "The Allocation of Law Enforcement Authority in the International System" takes up not only the general theme of the 1989 conference but also continues the discussions pursued during the 1992 sym- posium entitled "The Future of International Law Enforcement. New Scenarios - New Law?" The 1994 symposium also continues the now established tradition of bringing together internationallegal scholars from the United States, on the one band, and Gennany and other European countries, on the other band. The Institute is strongly convinced that the transatlantic dialogue on the burning issue of strengthening the international legal order as part of an ernerging "New World Order" is essential. lt was all the more regrettable that for purely aceidentat rea- sons the participation, on the European side, by colleagues invited from Poland and other Central and East European countfies could not materialize. The focal point of the 1994 symposium was the question as to whether and to what extent the United Nations as a law enforcement agency can be supplemented by regional arrangements/organizations and the state as a law enforcement agent in the inter- national public interest. The Institute is grateful that high-ranking representatives of the State of Schles- wig-Holstein over the years have taken the opportunity to express their great inter- est in the work of the Kiel Institute. Thus the Institute and the participants in the 1994 symposium were extremely pleased that the State Minister of Science, Re- search, and the Arts of the Land Schleswig-Holstein, Frau Marianne Ttdick, ad- dressed the participants and the members of the Institute during a festive dinner reception hosted by the Schleswig-Holsteinische Landesbank and the Sparkassen- and Giroverband Schleswig-Holstein. The Institute of International Law gratefully recognizes the generous financial support granted for the 1994 symposium by the Fritz-Thyssen-Stiftung, the Ger- man Marshall Fund, the Schleswig-Holsteinische Landesbank, the Sparkassen- and Giroverband Schleswig-Holstein, and last but not least the logistic support pro- vided by the local branches of Daimler-Benz and VW corporations. In times of heavy financial constraints, any undertaking like this symposium greatly depends on the willingness and ability of the modern Maecenases to extend their help to the organizers of such scholarly meetings. The lnstitute's sincere thanks also go to the Christian-Albrechts-University which provided for the conference room and other much needed support. Kiel, July 1994 lost Delbrück Contents Addresses by Marianne Tulick o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 11 lost Delbrück 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 Centralized and Decentralized Law Enforcement: The Security Council and the General Assembly Acting under Chapters VII and VII1 Paul C. Szasz 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 The RoJe of Regional Organizations in the Enforcement of International Law Fred L Morrison o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 39 Comment Klaus Dicke 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 57 Discussion 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 o o 0 0 o 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 o o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 o 0 0 o 0 o o 0 0 0 64 Decentralized International Law Enforcement: The Changing RoJe of the State as Law Enforcement Agent Torsten Stein o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 107 Comment Mary Ellen O'Connell o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 00 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 127 The Impact of the Allocation of International Law Enforcement Authority on the Inter- national Legal Order lost Delbrück o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o O o 0 o 0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 135 Discussion 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 159 List of Participants 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 197 Abbreviations ACABQ = Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions ACHR = American Convention on Human Rights AJIL = American Journal of International Law ANZUS = Australia, New Zealand, United States [Pact] APuZ = Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte CENTO = Central Treaty Organization CIS = Commonwealth of Independent States CSCE = Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe dec.
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