DOCSLIB.ORG

299-303/ 31 March, 2014 ISSN 2322-4134 ©2014 IJFAS

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
299-303/ 31 March, 2014 ISSN 2322-4134 ©2014 IJFAS International Journal of Farming and Allied Sciences Available online at www.ijfas.com ©2014 IJFAS Journal-2014-3-3/299-303/ 31 March, 2014 ISSN 2322-4134 ©2014 IJFAS The Effects of Salinity Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Three Medicinal Plants Saba Siadat Jamian1, Sadegh Mehrani1, Kamal Sadat Asilan1*, Avishan Taherkhanchi Tabrizi2 and Alireza Goharian1 1-Department of Agricultural Sciences (Agronomy Engineering), Payame Noor University, Karaj, Iran 2-Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Aboureyhan Campus, University of Tehran, Iran Corresponding author: Kamal Sadat Asilan ABSTRACT: Plants in natural and agricultural conditions are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity. Salinity is one of the important problem affecting seed germination and plant growth especially in many area of the world. Seed germination is the most sensitive stage to abiotic stresses in medicinal plants which are negatively affected by environmental conditions like salinity. This study was performed to study the effects of salinity stress at critical stage of plant life (seed germination). The effect of salinity stress in form of NaCl at three levels of zero, 5.3, and 8.48 gL-1 on germination and seedling growth of three important medicinal plants. Germination rate and percentage, root length, shoot length, root to shoot length and, root to shoot dry weight ratios, root fresh weight and shoot fresh weight were estimated. Obtained results indicated that salinity decreased germination rate and percentage at the severe salinity level, but increase in these traits were observed in moderate salinity level. We observed different trends in other traits in these three plants. In general, marshmallow has the highest level of drought tolerance in comparison to other plants, especially at moderate NaCl level. In general, it has been concluded medicinal plants studied in this experiment have higher tolerance compared to crop plants at moderate salt levels. Keywords: Psyllium, Marshmallow, Fennel flower, Salinity stress, Germination INTRODUCTION Salinity is one of the most important environmental factors that has a critical influence on the seed germination and seedling establishment. Salinity affects seed imbibition, seed germination and root growth. Seeds are the main way through that plants propagate, and a seed contains all of the genetic material of the plant. As seed germination is the first stage of the plant growth, seedling emergence is critical for plant growth (Khan and Gulzar, 2003). The effect of salinity stress has been carried out on many agricultural crops. However, little work has been done for exploring the possibility of saline soils for the cultivation of medicinal plants. Plantago psyllium L. commonly known as Psyllium has reported as herbal medicine around the world due to its medicinal properties. Recently it has obtained agricultural importance because of its wide use in pharmaceutical and food grade industries worldwide (Li, 2005). Morphologically psyllium is a bushy herb growing in sandy, salty soil, is believed to be native to Asia, the Mediterranean region and North Africa. Psyllium seeds have characteristic of mucilage formation on catching humidity (Li, 2005). Psyllium is cool, laxative, antidiuretic, soothing, harmless, antiacidic, emollient, demulesent and stabilizer. Due to these properties it is largely used in pharmaceutical industry, food preparations, ayurvedic medicine, preparation of crude drugs, etc (Li, 2005). Marshmallow (Althaea officinalis) is a species that originates from Africa, which is used as a medicinal and ornamental plant (Elmastas, 2004). The leaves, flowers and the root of A. officinalis all have medicinal properties. Intl J Farm and Alli Sci. Vol., 3 (3): 299-303, 2014 Marshmallow is traditionally used as a treatment for the irritation of mucous membranes, including use as a gargle for mouth and throat ulcers, and gastric ulcers (Elmastas, 2004). Fennel flower (Nigella sativa) is an annual flowering plant, native to south and southwest Asia. Nigella sativa oil contains an abundance of conjugated linoleic (18:2) acid, thymoquinone, nigellone (dithymoquinone), melanthin, nigilline, damascenine, and tannins (Al-Ghamdi, 2001). Thymoquinone, found in the seed oil extract of N. sativa, has been shown to have anti-neoplastic effects in rats and in cultured human cells from several types of cancer, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (Al- Ghamdi, 2001). eeds production and technology is an alternative method of industrial propagation and is being used widely for the commercial propagation of a large number of plant species, including many medicinal plants (Ashraf, 1986). The environmental stress such as, salinity are serious obstacles for medical plants and field crops in many areas of the world, especially arid and semiarid regions. Salt stress leads to suppression of plant growth and establishment, however, depending upon plant types, certain stages such as germination, seedling or flowering stage could be the most critical stages for salts stress. Seed germination is first critical and the most sensitive stage in plant growth (Ahmad, 2009) and the seeds exposed to unfavorable conditions like salinity may have to compromise the seedlings establishment (Albuquerque and Carvalho, 2003). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of salinity stress in form of NaCl on the germination parameters and seedling growth of three important medicinal plants. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experiment, the seeds of Psyllium (Plantago psyllium), Marshmallow (Althaea officinalis) and Fennel flower (Nigella sativa) were used for the germination and seedling growth study under salinity stress in form of NaCl. The seeds had been kindly obtained from the National Seed Gene Bank, Karaj, Iran. Before initiation of the experiment, seeds were sterilized with solution of 3% sodium hypochlorite for five minutes. The incubator prior to use was thoroughly washed with tap water followed by a rinsing with distilled water and then sterilized at 170 ºC for 4 hours. The experimental design arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Then, all the seeds were subjected to sodium Chloride (NaCl) at zero, 5.3 and 8.48 gL-1 NaCl in a dark room. Thirty seedlings from each treatment were randomly selected for fresh and dry weight determination. Seedlings were dried at 65 ºC for 72 hours. The moisture contents of seedlings were determined on oven dry basis (Hussain, 1992). The number of germinated seeds was recorded daily and in the last day traits such as: root length, shoot length, root to shoot length ratio, root to shoot dry weight ratio, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight and root to shoot fresh weight ratio were measured using five samples from each replicates. Root and shoot lengths were measured using a ruler. Germination percentage (GP) and germination rate (GR) were calculated using following formulas: Germination percentage (GP) = S/T × 100 Germination rate (GR) = (Σ Ni/Di)/S S: Number of germinated seeds T: Total of number seeds Ni: The number of germinated seeds in Di (day) Analysis of variance was carried out using SAS software, Mean comparison was performed using Duncan’s test at the 5% level of significance (P < 0.05). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Plants indicate great diversity in terms of salinity tolerance. Distribution and survival mainly many plant species depend on the seed ability to complete germination and the seedling ability to establish completely under adversely conditions (Živković, 2007). Most seeds are often located near the soil surface. Salt concentration in the soil surface changes over time. So, the responses of stressed plants must be elucidated. In this study, mean comparisons of germination percentage showed that the highest germination percentage were observed in psyllium independent to stress treatments, but the salinity led to decrease in germination percentage in psyllium and fennel flower seeds (Figure 1). On the other hand, salinity led to more considerable reduction in psyllium when compared to fennel flower plants. The response of marshmallow to salinity was different. So that, application of 5.3 gL-1 decreased the germination percentage, but treatment of seeds with 8.48 gL-1 led to increase germination percentage in marshmallow seeds (Figure 1). Germination rate of these three medicinal plants also showed that the salinity reduced germination rate of psyllium seeds in a dose dependent manner. While, the response of two 300 Intl J Farm and Alli Sci. Vol., 3 (3): 299-303, 2014 other species was completely different, so that application of 5.3 gL-1 decreased germination rate in marshmallow seeds, but increased this trait in fennel flower seeds. Highest level of salinity also increased germination rate of fennel flower seeds, but increased marshmallow seeds (Figure 1).These results are in agreement with results of Khalesro and Aghaalikhani (2008) about sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum L.). Root and shoot growth reduction depends on salt concentration; while, when salt concentration increase, it can be more considerable reduction of growth (Shannon and Grieve, 1999). A number of studies also showed that salinity led to reduction in germination, growth and dry mater production of plants (Munns and Termaat, 1986; Rawson, 1986; Pessarakli, 1991; Munns and Schachtman, 1993; Hajar, 1996). Psyllium Marshmallow Fennel flower Psyllium Marshmallow Fennel flower 70 a a 1.2 a 60 a ab 1 a a 50 b b b 0.8 b 40 b 30 0.6 c c 0.4 20 c c c 10 Germinatio rate 0.2 c 0 0 Germination percentage Control 5.3 gL─1 8.48 gL─1 Control 5.3 gL─1 8.48 gL─1 Figure 1. Effect of salinity stress treatments on germination percentage and germination rate of three medicinal plants Psyllium Marshmallow Fennel flower Psyllium Marshmallow Fennel flower 250 a 250 a 200 200 b 150 150 b 100 100 c c c c cd 50 50 d d cd d d d d Root fresh wight (g) d d Shoot fresh weight (g) 0 0 Control 5.3 gL─1 8.48 gL─1 Control 5.3 gL─1 8.48 gL─1 Figure 2.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • New Master Gardener Volunteer in Baker County Newsletter Survey
    November 2013 Dear Extension Friends, Inside this issue: As we begin to wind down the year, it is important for us to collect information from our clientele for reporting purposes. If you have Did You Know? 2 found our newsletters helpful, please take a moment to tell us by taking our online survey (link below). As always, let us know if we can be of Strawberries & Poinsettias 2 service and have a wonderful Thanksgiving! Garden Q & A: Best Regards, Mothballs & 3 Brussels Sprouts Alicia R. Lamborn North Florida Gardening 4 Horticulture Extension Agent Calendar: November Baker County Extension Service Newsletter Survey New Master Gardener Volunteer We need your feedback! Take our newsletter survey In Baker County and you can enter to win a gift basket containing: Congratulations to Roberta Koniuchowsky! UF | IFAS Tote Roberta completed the seven week Master Florida Yards & Neighborhoods Handbook Gardener training course and graduated from the Garden Insects Field Guide program on September 23rd. Simply Florida Cookbook Landscape Water Saving Kit Master Gardeners complete 4-H Day Camp Voucher ($25) 50+ hours of college level And more! horticultural training topics. The survey can be found online at: They are then committed to 75 http://goo.gl/nEK4jI hours of volunteer service to the Extension office during their The link can also be found on our webpage or by the first year, helping to educate QR Code. Survey closes at 8:00am on December 2nd. others in the community. The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information, and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions, or affiliations.
    [Show full text]
  • Achillea Millefolium Common Yarrow
    Top 50 Medicinal Plants Medicinal plants to create an Apothecary-style garden to help our pollinators List Curated by Thomas McBride From research data collected and collated at the National Botanic Garden of Wales NB: Butterflies and Moths are not studied at the NBGW so any data on nectar plants beneficial for them is taken from Butterfly Conservation Introduction At the National Botanic Garden of Wales, we feel it is important to recognise the rich history of botany and plant science we have in Wales and around the UK. One such way to display this is through a living museum of plants once used, and some still used, to treat various ailments and maintain good health. These medicinal plants can be grown together to create a physic garden or apothecaries garden; such as the one we have here. Apothecaries were herbal medicine specialists before the event of modern medicine. The apothecaries garden is split into sections depending on the usage of the plants. If you would also like to create one, you can use this model to help you. Almost all the selected plants are found in our Apothecaries Garden and many are also culinary herbs or ornamentals found elsewhere in the garden. Most of the plants used are native to or naturalised in Western Europe. Garden The Apothecaries The Apothecaries Garden Muscular-Skeletal Digestive Ear, Nose & Throat Nervous Glandular Circulatory Urinary Welsh Natives Cutaneous (Skin) (Used by local Apothecaries) The Circulatory System The Respiratory System The Circulatory system comprises The Respiratory system comprises the Lungs, the Heart, blood and blood vessels; Trachea (Windpipe) and connects directly to arteries, veins and capillaries.
    [Show full text]
  • SWEET CHEEKS- Zinc Oxide Ointment Saje Natural Business Inc
    SWEET CHEEKS- zinc oxide ointment Saje Natural Business Inc. Disclaimer: Most OTC drugs are not reviewed and approved by FDA, however they may be marketed if they comply with applicable regulations and policies. FDA has not evaluated whether this product complies. ---------- Sweet cheeks Active ingredient Zinc Oxide 12% Purpose Skin protectant Uses helps treat and prevent diaper rash. protects chafed skin or minor skin irritations due to diaper rash. seals out wetness. Warnings Warnings -Stop use and ask a doctor if condition worsens, or if symptoms persist for more than 7 days. Warnings -Do not use if allergic to plants of the marshmallow or asteraceae/compositae/daisy family. Warnings -When using this product, avoid contact with the eyes and mucous membranes. Warnings -Keep out of reach of children. If product is swallowed, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away. Directions -Change wet and soiled diapers promptly, cleanse the diaper area, and allow to dry. -Apply ointment liberally as often as necessary, with each diaper change, especially at bedtime or anytime when exposure to wet diapers may be prolonged. Other information -Store at room temperature. Inactive ingredients Olive oil, beeswax (yellow), butyrospermum parkii (shea) butter, coconut oil, castor oil, aloe barbadensis leaf extract, glycerin, vitamin e, calendula officinalis flower extract, hypericum perforatum flower extract (st john's wort), sunflower oil, rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) leaf extract, echinacea angustifolia extract, camellia sinensis leaf extract (green tea), althaea officinalis root (marshmallow root), daucus carota sativa (carrot) seed oil, lavender oil Questions? 1-877-275-7253 Principal display panel information daily diaper rash ointment net wt.
    [Show full text]
  • Herbs & the Childbearing Cycle
    Herbs & the Childbearing Cycle Class III: Pregnancy This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC The Plan Pregnancy Overview Safety in Pregnancy Herbal Support For slides & references, please visit: https://www.camillefreeman.com/repro This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY Pregnancy Overview Key Points The body knows how to be pregnant Experiences differ Lower doses work well due to progesterone’s influence Some immune functions suppressed Blood volume rapidly expands in 2nd trimester Blood sugar regulation shifts mid-pregnancy Social and racial disparities exist Safety Considerations Is the herb safe to take? Safer? Are the products themselves safe? (Quality analysis) Different practitioners have different comfort levels See: Dr. Eric Yarnell’s list of herbs for use in pregnancy/lactation, Dr. Aviva Romm’s website/textbook/podcast (in resources) Check Evidence-Based Birth website/podcast My List ✓ Allium sativum (garlic) ✓ Mentha spicata & x piperita (peppermint & ✓ Althaea officinalis (marshmallow) spearmint) ✓ Astragalus membranaceous ✓ Mitchella repens (partridge berry) ✓ Avena sativa (oats) ✓ Passiflora incarnata* (passionflower) ✓ Citrus sinensis (sweet orange) ✓ Plantago spp. (plantain) ✓ Crataegus spp. (hawthorn) leaf, flower ✓ Rubus idaeus* (raspberry leaf) and berry ✓ Rumex crispus (yellow dock) ✓ Dioscorea villosa (wild yam) ✓ Schisandra chinensis* ✓ Echinacea spp, all parts ✓ Scutellaria lateriflora (skullcap) ✓ Euphrasia spp. (eyebright) ✓ Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) root and leaf ✓ Foeniculum vulgaris (fennel seed)* ✓ Ulmus fulva (slippery elm)* ✓ Galium aparine (cleavers) ✓ Urtica dioica (nettle leaf) ✓ Ganoderma lucidum (reishi) ✓ Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry) ✓ Glycyrrhiza glabra* (licorice) ✓ Valeriana officinalis (valerian) ✓ Lavandula officinalis (lavender) ✓ Viburnum prunifolium & opulus (cramp bark & ✓ Matricaria recutita (chamomile) black haw) ✓ Medicago sativa (alfalfa) ✓ Withania somnifera* (ashwagandha) ✓ Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) ✓ Zingiber officinalis* (ginger) My Top 5 Pregnancy Herbs 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Althaea Officinalis Marsh Mallow
    Thomas’s Favourite 50 List Curated by Thomas McBride From research data collected and collated at the National Botanic Garden of Wales NB: Butterflies and Moths are not studied at the NBGW so any data on nectar plants beneficial for them is taken from Butterfly Conservation Map Maps depict the native area of the plant (in green) Guide to using these pages: They also show areas the plant is naturalised (in purple) Latin Binomial All maps shown Name are derived from ‘Plants of the Common World Online’; English courtesy of Kew Name Gardens Flowering Period Photograph (this is when it is good of the plant for pollinators!) in flower Plant Family Insect groups known to Growing habit favour the and mature size nectar of this of the plant plant Useful knowledge or warnings about the plant RHS AGM cultivars of this species (or a related species occasionally) i Key to these Pages Warnings Additional information on these garden plants This plant would The flowers only be suitable for and/or leaves meadow-style have a Pleasant Plant tissue is highly planting scent toxic if ingested The plant has edible parts that are Sap may cause irritation Plant is often used in commonly eaten or (Wash hands after touching traditional Herbal Remedies used in cooking or avoid touching) ii Temperature RHS Hardiness Scale Some of the plants listed in our Top 200 are not fully H1a - Above 15ºC hardy in all or some parts of the United Kingdom. H1b - Minimum 10ºC Plants without a thermometer symbol are fully hardy in the severest UK Winter; equating to H5 or hardier.
    [Show full text]
  • Planting Instructions
    Planting Instructions Annuals Ageratum houstonianum, Ageratum, Dondo Blue: small, shaggy, pale blue flowers are stalwart bloomers from June-September. Height 2'. Plant after danger of frost is past in full sun and rich, well-drained soil. Spacing 9-12"; no pinching or support is necessary (although for cut flower stems we do use netting). Centaurea cyanus, Bachelor Buttons, Blue Boy: Beautiful blue cornflower is for the wildflower lover. Blooms in May; readily self-sows. Height: 3-4'; spacing: 12-16". Plant in full sun in well-drained soil. Asclepias curassavica, Butterfly Weed, Silky Formula Mix: Beautiful red and yellow flowers, favorite of monarchs (the first year we grew them we had chrysalis lined up along the eave of our shed). Height 3'. Do not allow to become potbound. Plant after danger of frost is past in full sun at 12-24" spacing. Prefers well-drained sandy loam but will also grow in poor soil. It is a memer of the milkweed family so does have the milky sap that can irritate some peoples’ skin. Calendula officinalis, Calendula: A hearty bloomer, in yellows and oranges. Petals are both edible and medicinal. Height 1-2'. Plant 6-12" apart in full sun to partial shade as soon as ground can be worked. Prefers rich, well-drained soil. Pinch back plants for bushier growth and deadhead to prolong flowering. Doesn't like the heat but you can cut back flowers for second bloom in autumn. Eschscholzia californica, California poppy: Delicate orange flowers on gray foliage. Drought resistant and prefers soil with low fertility.
    [Show full text]
  • Nutritive Differentials
    5/18/2017 Commonplace and Undervalued Herbs NEW INSIGHTS, APPLICATIONS, AND RESEARCH Paul Bergner Traditional Roots Conference Portland, OR May 20-21 2017 Paul Bergner North American Institute of Medical Herbalism http://naimh.com See supplemental readings at: http://naimh.com/roots All materials copyright Paul Bergner 2017 1 5/18/2017 Introduction Inverse pyramids of knowledge Many properties and uses Folk known in 1930 Ethnobotany Professional practice Suppressed or dogmatic professional Scientific investigation practice New uses, forms, information Declining knowledge 2 5/18/2017 Physiomedicalism then and now In 1936, A British herbalist was expected to learn almost 400 herbs, and know 6-8 properties or uses for each. Based on underlining in an old copy of Physiomedical Therapeutics by T.J. Lyle published by the NIMH. Consider this to be 2400 to 3200 “bits” of information. Today a professional herbalist in North American may know, on averarage, something about 150-200 herbs but know only 2-3 uses or properties. Consider this to be 300-600 “bits” The knowledge of the multiple uses and properties of herbs has declined precipitously during the “dark middle years” of the 20th century. Most contemporary herbal education does not approximate the former level. Sources of expanding uses Professional From “mining” old sources. practice to 1930s From personal, community, and Decline clinical hands-on practice. Synthesis of Western and Asian Low Point in 1960s systems Herbal New uses evolving in folk medicine Renaissance throughout the world Study of past Increased Modern scientific trials of traditional community and or folk uses. clinical experience Expanding uses through Insights from modern constituent rediscovery or invention science.
    [Show full text]
  • Urban Edibles: Weeds Roslynn Brain & Hayley Waldbillig Department of Environment & Society
    Urban Edibles: Weeds Roslynn Brain & Hayley Waldbillig Department of Environment & Society Dandelions are chock full of health benefits. They are rich in “Weeds” vitamin-A, C, iron, calcium, detoxifiers and can aid with bone health, liver disorders, diabetes, urinary disorders, skin care, acne, They invade your garden, tap your soil’s precious nutrients weight loss, cancer, jaundice, gall bladder disorders, anemia, and and grow quicker than lightning strikes. If you can’t beat high blood pressure. Also, dandelion root tea is a common health them, eat them! Increase your garden’s yield by identifying supplement used mainly for its mild diuretic properties. the edible weeds and adding them to your harvest. “A weed is a plant that has mastered every survival skill except for learning how to grow in rows.” Doug Larson Burdock Burdock (Arctium Lappa) Anyone who has spent time cleaning up the yard in autumn knows Burdock, maybe not by name but definitely reputation. With an arsenal of burs, it plagues passersby with its tag-a-long reproductive process. Beat the burrs by harvesting burdock earlier in the season for its succulent roots and meaty stalks. Use Dandelion in place of artichoke hearts by steaming stalks and roots. Not only is harvesting burdock good for you, but your garden too! A Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) member of the thistle family, burdock attracts many pollinators to garden ecosystems due to its excessive amount of nectar. Extremely versatile in the kitchen and found easily, dandelions add zip to any meal. Buds and leaves are best when picked Health benefits of Burdock include strong anti-bacterial and young.
    [Show full text]
  • Althaeae-Radix-ESCOP-2018.Pdf
    ONLINE SERIES MONOGRAPHS The Scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products Althaeae radix Marshmallow Root 2018 www.escop.com The Scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products ALTHAEAE RADIX Marshmallow Root 2018 ESCOP Monographs were first published in loose-leaf form progressively from 1996 to 1999 as Fascicules 1-6, each of 10 monographs © ESCOP 1996, 1997, 1999 Second Edition, completely revised and expanded © ESCOP 2003 Second Edition, Supplement 2009 © ESCOP 2009 ONLINE SERIES ISBN 978-1-901964-56-1 Althaeae radix - Marshmallow Root © ESCOP 2018 Published by the European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy (ESCOP) Notaries House, Chapel Street, Exeter EX1 1EZ, United Kingdom www.escop.com All rights reserved Except for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review no part of this text may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the written permission of the publisher. Important Note: Medical knowledge is ever-changing. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment may be required. In their efforts to provide information on the efficacy and safety of herbal drugs and herbal preparations, presented as a substantial overview together with summaries of relevant data, the authors of the material herein have consulted comprehensive sources believed to be reliable. However, in view of the possibility of human error by the authors or publisher of the work herein, or changes in medical knowledge, neither the authors nor the publisher, nor any other party involved in the preparation of this work, warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they are not responsible for any errors or omissions or for results obtained by the use of such information.
    [Show full text]
  • Analytical Control and Antioxidative Activity of Different Teas in Serbia
    Available online at www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com Pelagia Research Library Der Chemica Sinica, 2018, 9(1):599-604 ISSN : 0976-8505 CODEN (USA): CSHIA5 Analytical Control and Antioxidative Activity of Different Teas in Serbia Vesna Veličković1, Jelena M Mašković2*, Pavle Z Mašković2 1University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia 2University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Cara Dušana 34, 32000 Čačak, Serbia ABSTRACT Satureja montana, Ocimum basilicum, Camellia sinesis, Saliva officinalis, Althaea officinalis, Thymus camphoratus, Rosmarinus officinalis, Mentha piperita and Mountain tea were investigated for their quality (ash and moisture contents), as well as for chemical profile. HPLC analysis was applied to determine saccharide, vitamin C and caffeine contents in all teas samples. Obtained results demonstrated high quality of all tea samples (moisture of all samples was below 12%), while chemical analysis revealed presence of glucose, fructose, sucrose, vitamin C and caffeine in tested materials. Exception was Ocimum basilicum, where only glucose was detected and quantified. The results of total antioxidant acticity showed that tea of Althaea officinalis have the highest content (130.72 ± 0.54 mg AA/G ) and the lowest content have Satureja montana (106.05 ± 0.40 mg AA/G). The highest content of polyphenol was detected in Satureja montana. Keywords: Teas samples, Quality saccharide content, Caffeine content, Vitamin C content, Antioxidant activity, Polyphenol INTRODUCTION The plants with the antioxidant activity have occupied attention in recent years due to the development of a large number of different diseases [1, 2]. There are a number of natural antioxidants, e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Phytochemical, Antimicrobial, and Toxicological Evaluation of Traditional Herbs Used to Treat Sore Throat
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation BioMed Research International Volume 2016, Article ID 8503426, 9 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8503426 Research Article Phytochemical, Antimicrobial, and Toxicological Evaluation of Traditional Herbs Used to Treat Sore Throat Arifa Mehreen,1 Muzzamil Waheed,2 Iram Liaqat,3 and Najma Arshad1 1 Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan 2Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan 3Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan Correspondence should be addressed to Arifa Mehreen; [email protected] Received 28 December 2015; Revised 4 April 2016; Accepted 17 April 2016 Academic Editor: Jane Hanrahan Copyright © 2016 Arifa Mehreen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The in vitro antibacterial activities of 29 traditional medicinal plants used in respiratory ailments were assessed on multidrug resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria isolated from the sore throat patients and two reference strains. The methanolic, n-hexane, and aqueous extracts were screened by the agar well diffusion assay. Bioactive fractions of effective extracts were identified on TLC coupled with bioautography, while their toxicity was determined using haemolytic assay against human erythrocytes. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of effective extracts was also performed. Methanolic extract of 18 plants showed antimicrobial activity against test strains. Adhatoda vasica (ZI = 17–21 mm, MIC: 7.12–62.5 g/mL), Althaea officinalis (ZI = 16–20 mm, MIC: 15.62–31.25 g/mL), Cordia latifolia (ZI = 16–20 mm, MIC: 12.62–62.5 g/mL), Origanum vulgare (ZI = 20–22 mm, MIC: 3–15.62 g/mL), Thymus vulgaris (ZI = 21–25 mm, MIC: 7.81–31.25 g/mL), and Ziziphus jujuba (ZI = 14– 20 mm, MIC: 7.81–31.25 g/mL) showed significant antibacterial activity.
    [Show full text]
  • Lactation- Friendly Herbs
    Lactation- friendly Herbs This is a list I’ve compiled of herbs that I choose from to recommend to people who are lactating. These herbs do not necessarily support breastfeeding/milk production directly. Please note that some of these I would only use in specific cases/circumstances – they are not necessarily appropriate for anyone who is lactating (marked with a *). As usual, please do your own research before taking or recommending herbs. Idiosyncratic reactions are always possible! ~ Camille ✓ Allium sativum (garlic) ✓ Galium aparine (cleavers) ✓ Sambucus spp (elderberries ✓ Althaea officinalis ✓ Ganoderma lucidum (reishi) & flower) (marshmallow) ✓ Geranium maculatum* ✓ Schisandra chinensis ✓ Anethum graveolens (dill) ✓ Hibiscus rosa-sinensis ✓ Scutellaria baicalensis ✓ Arctium lappa (burdock)* ✓ Humulus lupulus (hops) (Baikal skullcap) ✓ Asparagus racemosus ✓ Hypericum perforatum (St. ✓ Scutellaria lateriflora (shatavari) John’s wort)* (skullcap) ✓ Astragalus membranaceous ✓ Lavandula officinale ✓ Serenoa repens (saw ✓ Avena sativa (oats) (lavendar) palmetto)* ✓ Bacopa monnieri ✓ Leonorus cardiaca ✓ Silybum marianum (milk ✓ Calendula officinalis (pot (motherwort) thistle) marigold) ✓ Matricaria recutita ✓ Stellaria media (chickweed) ✓ Capsicum anuum (cayenne) (chamomile) ✓ Taraxacum officinale ✓ Centella asiatica (gotu cola) ✓ Medicago sativa (alfalfa) (dandelion root & leaf) ✓ Chionanthus virginicus ✓ Melissa officinalis (lemon ✓ Tilia spp (linden) (fringe tree)* balm) ✓ Trigonella foenum-graecum ✓ Collinsonia canadensis ✓ Mentha
    [Show full text]