Deploying the BIG-IP System with Microsoft Sharepoint
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Application Profile Avi Networks — Technical Reference (16.3)
Page 1 of 12 Application Profile Avi Networks — Technical Reference (16.3) Application Profile view online Application profiles determine the behavior of virtual services, based on application type. The application profile types and their options are described in the following sections: HTTP Profile DNS Profile Layer 4 Profile Syslog Profile Dependency on TCP/UDP Profile The application profile associated with a virtual service may have a dependency on an underlying TCP/UDP profile. For example, an HTTP application profile may be used only if the TCP/UDP profile type used by the virtual service is set to type TCP Proxy. The application profile associated with a virtual service instructs the Service Engine (SE) to proxy the service's application protocol, such as HTTP, and to perform functionality appropriate for that protocol. Application Profile Tab Select Templates > Profiles > Applications to open the Application Profiles tab, which includes the following functions: Search: Search against the name of the profile. Create: Opens the Create Application Profile popup. Edit: Opens the Edit Application Profile popup. Delete: Removes an application profile if it is not currently assigned to a virtual service.Note: If the profile is still associated with any virtual services, the profile cannot be removed. In this case, an error message lists the virtual service that still is referencing the application profile. The table on this tab provides the following information for each application profile: Name: Name of the Profile. Type: Type of application profile, which will be either: DNS: Default for processing DNS traffic. HTTP: Default for processing Layer 7 HTTP traffic. -
SSL/TLS Implementation CIO-IT Security-14-69
DocuSign Envelope ID: BE043513-5C38-4412-A2D5-93679CF7A69A IT Security Procedural Guide: SSL/TLS Implementation CIO-IT Security-14-69 Revision 6 April 6, 2021 Office of the Chief Information Security Officer DocuSign Envelope ID: BE043513-5C38-4412-A2D5-93679CF7A69A CIO-IT Security-14-69, Revision 6 SSL/TLS Implementation VERSION HISTORY/CHANGE RECORD Person Page Change Posting Change Reason for Change Number of Number Change Change Initial Version – December 24, 2014 N/A ISE New guide created Revision 1 – March 15, 2016 1 Salamon Administrative updates to Clarify relationship between this 2-4 align/reference to the current guide and CIO-IT Security-09-43 version of the GSA IT Security Policy and to CIO-IT Security-09-43, IT Security Procedural Guide: Key Management 2 Berlas / Updated recommendation for Clarification of requirements 7 Salamon obtaining and using certificates 3 Salamon Integrated with OMB M-15-13 and New OMB Policy 9 related TLS implementation guidance 4 Berlas / Updates to clarify TLS protocol Clarification of guidance 11-12 Salamon recommendations 5 Berlas / Updated based on stakeholder Stakeholder review / input Throughout Salamon review / input 6 Klemens/ Formatting, editing, review revisions Update to current format and Throughout Cozart- style Ramos Revision 2 – October 11, 2016 1 Berlas / Allow use of TLS 1.0 for certain Clarification of guidance Throughout Salamon server through June 2018 Revision 3 – April 30, 2018 1 Berlas / Remove RSA ciphers from approved ROBOT vulnerability affected 4-6 Salamon cipher stack -
Protecting Encrypted Cookies from Compression Side-Channel Attacks
Protecting encrypted cookies from compression side-channel attacks Janaka Alawatugoda1, Douglas Stebila1;2, and Colin Boyd3 1 School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2 School of Mathematical Sciences 1;2 Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia [email protected],[email protected] 3 Department of Telematics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway [email protected] December 28, 2014 Abstract Compression is desirable for network applications as it saves bandwidth; however, when data is compressed before being encrypted, the amount of compression leaks information about the amount of redundancy in the plaintext. This side channel has led to successful CRIME and BREACH attacks on web traffic protected by the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol. The general guidance in light of these attacks has been to disable compression, preserving confidentiality but sacrificing bandwidth. In this paper, we examine two techniques|heuristic separation of secrets and fixed-dictionary compression|for enabling compression while protecting high-value secrets, such as cookies, from attack. We model the security offered by these techniques and report on the amount of compressibility that they can achieve. 1This is the full version of a paper published in the Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security (FC 2015) in San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA, January 26{30, 2015, organized by the International Financial Cryptography Association in cooperation with IACR. 1 Contents 1 Introduction 3 2 Definitions 6 2.1 Encryption and compression schemes.........................6 2.2 Existing security notions................................7 2.3 New security notions..................................7 2.4 Relations and separations between security notions.................8 3 Technique 1: Separating secrets from user inputs9 3.1 The scheme.......................................9 3.2 CCI security of basic separating-secrets technique................. -
A Comprehensive Study of the BREACH A8ack Against HTTPS
A Comprehensive Study of the BREACH A8ack Against HTTPS Esam Alzahrani, JusCn Nonaka, and Thai Truong 12/03/13 BREACH Overview Browser Reconnaissance and Exfiltraon via AdapCve Compression of Hypertext Demonstrated at BlackHat 2013 by Angelo Prado, Neal Harris, and Yoel Gluck • Chosen plaintext aack against HTTP compression • Client requests a webpage, the web server’s response is compressed • The HTTP compression may leak informaon that will reveal encrypted secrets about the user Network Intrusion DetecCon System Edge Firewall Switch Router DMZ Clients A8acker (Vicm) 2 BREACH Requirements Requirements for chosen plain text (side channel) aack • The web server should support HTTP compression • The web server should support HTTPS sessions • The web server reflects the user’s request • The reflected response must be in the HTML Body • The aacker must be able to measure the size of the encrypted response • The aacker can force the vicCm’s computer to send HTTP requests • The HTTP response contains secret informaon that is encrypted § Cross Site Request Forgery token – browser redirecCon § SessionID (uniquely idenCfies HTTP session) § VIEWSTATE (handles mulCple requests to the same ASP, usually hidden base64 encoded) § Oath tokens (Open AuthenCcaon - one Cme password) § Email address, Date of Birth, etc (PII) SSL/TLS protocol structure • X.509 cerCficaon authority • Secure Socket Layer (SSL) • Transport Layer Security (TLS) • Asymmetric cryptography for authenCcaon – IniCalize on OSI layer 5 (Session Layer) – Use server public key to encrypt pre-master -
A Perfect CRIME?
AA PerfectPerfect CRIME?CRIME? OnlyOnly TIMETIME WillWill TellTell Tal Be'ery, Amichai Shulman i ii Table of Contents 1. Abstract ................................................................................................................ 4 2. Introduction to HTTP Compression ................................................................. 5 2.1 HTTP compression and the web .............................................................................................. 5 2.2 GZIP ........................................................................................................................................ 6 2.2.1 LZ77 ................................................................................................................................ 6 2.2.2 Huffman coding ............................................................................................................... 6 3. CRIME attack ..................................................................................................... 8 3.1 Compression data leaks ........................................................................................................... 8 3.2 Attack outline ........................................................................................................................... 8 3.3 Attack example ........................................................................................................................ 9 4. Extending CRIME ............................................................................................ -
Randomized Lempel-Ziv Compression for Anti-Compression Side-Channel Attacks
Randomized Lempel-Ziv Compression for Anti-Compression Side-Channel Attacks by Meng Yang A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Master of Applied Science in Electrical and Computer Engineering Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2018 c Meng Yang 2018 I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii Abstract Security experts confront new attacks on TLS/SSL every year. Ever since the compres- sion side-channel attacks CRIME and BREACH were presented during security conferences in 2012 and 2013, online users connecting to HTTP servers that run TLS version 1.2 are susceptible of being impersonated. We set up three Randomized Lempel-Ziv Models, which are built on Lempel-Ziv77, to confront this attack. Our three models change the determin- istic characteristic of the compression algorithm: each compression with the same input gives output of different lengths. We implemented SSL/TLS protocol and the Lempel- Ziv77 compression algorithm, and used them as a base for our simulations of compression side-channel attack. After performing the simulations, all three models successfully pre- vented the attack. However, we demonstrate that our randomized models can still be broken by a stronger version of compression side-channel attack that we created. But this latter attack has a greater time complexity and is easily detectable. Finally, from the results, we conclude that our models couldn't compress as well as Lempel-Ziv77, but they can be used against compression side-channel attacks. -
Proxysg Log Fields and Substitutions
ProxySG Log Fields and Substitutions Version 6.5.x through 7.3.x Guide Revision: 12/10/2020 Symantec Corporation - SGOS 6.x and 7.x Legal Notice Broadcom, the pulse logo, Connecting everything, and Symantec are among the trademarks of Broadcom. The term “Broadcom” refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. Copyright © 2020 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term “Broadcom” refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. For more information, please visit www.broadcom.com. Broadcom reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products or data herein to improve reliability, function, or design. Information furnished by Broadcom is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Broadcom does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of this information, nor the application or use of any product or circuit described herein, neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Thursday, December 10, 2020 2 of 182 sample-title Table of Contents "About this Document" on the next page Commonly Used Fields: n "Client/Server Bytes" on page 6 n "Connection Details" on page 9 n "DNS" on page 26 n "HTTP" on page 28 n "Request Headers" on page 29 n "Response Headers" on page 63 n "Request/Response Status" on page 102 n "SSL " on page 116 n "Time" on page 123 n "URL" on page 134 n "User Authentication" on page 145 n "WAF" on page 152 Additional Fields: n "CIFS " on page 155 n "MAPI and Office 365" on page 160 n "P2P Connections" on page 163 n "Special Characters" on page 164 n "Streaming Media" on page 167 n "WebEx Proxy" on page 175 "Substitution Modifiers" on page 176 n "Timestamp Modifiers" on page 177 n "String Modifiers " on page 179 n "Host Modifiers" on page 182 3 of 182 Symantec Corporation - SGOS 6.x and 7.x About this Document This document lists all valid ELFF and CPL substitutions for ELFF log formats, and some custom values for custom log formats. -
BG95&BG77 HTTP(S) Application Note
BG95&BG77 HTTP(S) Application Note LPWA Module Series Rev. BG95&BG77_HTTP(S)_Application_Note_V1.0 Date: 2019-08-12 Status: Released www.quectel.com LPWA Module Series BG95&BG77 HTTP(S) Application Note Our aim is to provide customers with timely and comprehensive service. For any assistance, please contact our company headquarters: Quectel Wireless Solutions Co., Ltd. Building 5, Shanghai Business Park Phase III (Area B), No.1016 Tianlin Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, China 200233 Tel: +86 21 5108 6236 Email: [email protected] Or our local office. For more information, please visit: http://www.quectel.com/support/sales.htm For technical support, or to report documentation errors, please visit: http://www.quectel.com/support/technical.htm Or email to: [email protected] GENERAL NOTES QUECTEL OFFERS THE INFORMATION AS A SERVICE TO ITS CUSTOMERS. THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IS BASED UPON CUSTOMERS’ REQUIREMENTS. QUECTEL MAKES EVERY EFFORT TO ENSURE THE QUALITY OF THE INFORMATION IT MAKES AVAILABLE. QUECTEL DOES NOT MAKE ANY WARRANTY AS TO THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN, AND DOES NOT ACCEPT ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY INJURY, LOSS OR DAMAGE OF ANY KIND INCURRED BY USE OF OR RELIANCE UPON THE INFORMATION. ALL INFORMATION SUPPLIED HEREIN IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT PRIOR NOTICE. COPYRIGHT THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HERE IS PROPRIETARY TECHNICAL INFORMATION OF QUECTEL WIRELESS SOLUTIONS CO., LTD. TRANSMITTING, REPRODUCTION, DISSEMINATION AND EDITING OF THIS DOCUMENT AS WELL AS UTILIZATION OF THE CONTENT ARE FORBIDDEN WITHOUT PERMISSION. OFFENDERS WILL BE HELD LIABLE FOR PAYMENT OF DAMAGES. ALL RIGHTS ARE RESERVED IN THE EVENT OF A PATENT GRANT OR REGISTRATION OF A UTILITY MODEL OR DESIGN. -
Character Encoding Issues for Web Passwords
and ÆÆÆ码码码 ,סיסמאות! ˜,Of contrasenas Character encoding issues for web passwords Joseph Bonneau Rubin Xu Computer Laboratory Computer Laboratory University of Cambridge University of Cambridge [email protected] [email protected] Abstract—Password authentication remains ubiquitous on of that wording. This process is prone to failure and usability the web, primarily because of its low cost and compatibility studies suggest that a significant number of users will be un- with any device which allows a user to input text. Yet text is not able to use a password they remember conceptually because universal. Computers must use a character encoding system to convert human-comprehensible writing into bits. We examine they cannot reproduce the precise representation [33]. for the first time the lingering effects of character encoding A further conversion must take place to convert the on the password ecosystem. We report a number of bugs at abstract concept of “text” into a sequence of bits suitable large websites which reveal that non-ASCII passwords are often for computer manipulation. For example, the letter m at the poorly supported, even by websites otherwise correctly sup- beginning of the password above is commonly represented porting the recommended Unicode/UTF-8 character encoding system. We also study user behaviour through several leaked using the eight bits 01101101. This process is known as data sets of passwords chosen by English, Chinese, Hebrew character encoding and, despite decades of work towards and Spanish speakers as case studies. Our findings suggest a universal standard, there remain dozens of schemes in that most users still actively avoid using characters outside of widespread use to map characters into sequences of bits. -
Categorizing Efficient XML Compression Schemes
John N. Dyer Categorizing Efficient XML Compression Schemes John N. Dyer, Department of Information Systems, College of Business Administration, Georgia Southern University, P.O. Box 7998, Statesboro, GA 30459 Abstract Web services are Extensible Markup Language (XML) applications mapped to programs, objects, databases, and comprehensive business functions. In essence, Web services transform XML documents into and out of information technology systems. As more businesses turn to web services data transfer, XML has become the language of web services. Unfortunately, the structure of XML results in extremely verbose documents, often 3 times larger than ordinary content files. As XML becomes more common through Web services applications, its large file sizes increasingly burden the systems that must utilize it. This paper provides a qualitative overview of existing and proposed schemes for efficient XML compression, proposes three categories for relating XML compression scheme efficiency for Web services, and makes recommendations relating to efficient XML compression based on the proposed categories of XML documents. The goal of this paper is to aid the practitioner and Web services manager in understanding the impact of XML document size on Web services, and to aid them in selecting the most appropriate schemes for applications of XML compression for Web services. Keywords: Compression, Web services, XML Introduction XML is the foundation upon which Web services are built, and provides the description of data, as well as the storage and transmission format of data exchanged via Web services (Newcomer, 2002). XML is similar to Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), and well-formed XML documents can even be displayed in Web browsers. -
Introduction
HTTP Request Smuggling in 2020 – New Variants, New Defenses and New Challenges Amit Klein SafeBreach Labs Introduction HTTP Request Smuggling (AKA HTTP Desyncing) is an attack technique that exploits different interpretations of a stream of non-standard HTTP requests among various HTTP devices between the client (attacker) and the server (including the server itself). Specifically, the attacker manipulates the way various HTTP devices split the stream into individual HTTP requests. By doing this, the attacker can “smuggle” a malicious HTTP request through an HTTP device to the server abusing the discrepancy in the interpretation of the stream of requests and desyncing between the server’s view of the HTTP request (and response) stream and the intermediary HTTP device’s view of these streams. In this way, for example, the malicious HTTP request can be "smuggled" as a part of the previous HTTP request. HTTP Request Smuggling was invented in 2005, and recently, additional research cropped up. This research field is still not fully explored, especially when considering open source defense systems such as mod_security’s community rule-set (CRS). These HTTP Request Smuggling defenses are rudimentary and not always effective. My Contribution My contribution is three-fold. I explore new attacks and defense mechanisms, and I provide some “challenges”. 1. New attacks: I provide some new HTTP Request Smuggling variants and show how they work against various proxy-server (or proxy-proxy) combinations. I also found a bypass for mod_security CRS (assuming HTTP Request Smuggling is possible without it). An attack demonstration script implementing my payloads is available in SafeBreach Labs’ GitHub repository (https://github.com/SafeBreach-Labs/HRS). -
CLI Book 3: Cisco ASA Series VPN CLI Configuration Guide, 9.8 Americas Headquarters Cisco Systems, Inc
CLI Book 3: Cisco ASA Series VPN CLI Configuration Guide, 9.8 Americas Headquarters Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 USA http://www.cisco.com Tel: 408 526-4000 800 553-NETS (6387) Fax: 408 527-0883 THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCTS. THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN THE INFORMATION PACKET THAT SHIPPED WITH THE PRODUCT AND ARE INCORPORATED HEREIN BY THIS REFERENCE. IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE THE SOFTWARE LICENSE OR LIMITED WARRANTY, CONTACT YOUR CISCO REPRESENTATIVE FOR A COPY. The Cisco implementation of TCP header compression is an adaptation of a program developed by the University of California, Berkeley (UCB) as part of UCB's public domain version of the UNIX operating system. All rights reserved. Copyright © 1981, Regents of the University of California. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN, ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE OF THESE SUPPLIERS ARE PROVIDED “AS IS" WITH ALL FAULTS. CISCO AND THE ABOVE-NAMED SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE. IN NO EVENT SHALL CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OR DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL, EVEN IF CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.