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Imperia. Lo Spazio Mediterraneo Dal Mondo Antico All'età Contemporanea

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Imperia. Lo Spazio Mediterraneo Dal Mondo Antico All'età Contemporanea Imperia. Lo spazio mediterraneo dal mondo antico all’età contemporanea Giampaolo Conte, Fabrizio Filioli Uranio, Valerio Torreggiani, Francesca Zaccaro To cite this version: Giampaolo Conte, Fabrizio Filioli Uranio, Valerio Torreggiani, Francesca Zaccaro. Imperia. Lo spazio mediterraneo dal mondo antico all’età contemporanea. Imperia. The Mediterranean Space from the Ancient World to the Contemporary Age, Nov 2014, Rome, Italy. New Digital Frontiers, 2016. halshs-01728648 HAL Id: halshs-01728648 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01728648 Submitted on 12 Mar 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Studi e ricerche Infieri IMPERIA LO SPAZIO MEDITERRANEO DAL MONDO ANTICO All’ETÀ CONTEMPORANEA A cura di Giampaolo Conte, Fabrizio Filioli Uranio, Valerio Torreggiani, Francesca Zaccaro Contents Introduzione 11 Studi e ricerche Giampaolo Conte, Fabrizio Filioli Uranio, Valerio Torreggia- ni e Francesca Zaccaro Imperia. Lo spazio mediterraneo dal mondo antico all’età contemporanea A cura di Giampaolo Conte, Fabrizio Filioli Uranio, Valerio Torreggiani, Francesca Zaccaro Sessione 1 Revisione testo inglese: Valerio Torreggiani La scoperta del Mediterraneo: Imperi antichi in una prospet- tiva di lunga durata ISBN (a stampa): 978–88–99487–23–2 ISBN (online): 978–88–99487–26–3 Come identificare un Impero? Il caso dell’Impero assiro (IX–VII s. a.C.) 19 Le opere pubblicate sono sottoposte a processo di peer–review Federico Defendenti, Jean–Jacques Herr a doppio cieco © Copyright 2016 New Digital Frontiers srl La contio tardorepubblicana: il contributo delle istituzi- Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16 (c/o ARCA) oni popolari alla soppressione della sovranità popolare 39 90128 Palermo Andrea Angius www.newdigitalfrontiers.com Da Augusto personaggio storico a Augusto modello storiografico 53 Pauline Duchêne The Archaeology of Entertainment in Roman Athens: A Closer Look at the Theatre of Dionysus 73 Amelia W. Eichengreen Sessione 2 Fiamuri arbërit (1883–1887): un periodico arbëreshë per LacentralitàdelMediterraneo:reti,commerciespazipoliticifluidi la costruzione identitaria albanese tra risorgimento ital- iano e decadenza dell’impero ottomano 237 Lidia Cuccurullo La rete delle grandi compagnie fiorentine nel XIII e XIV secolo e lo spazio mediterraneo: alcuni problemi di ricerca 105 Stefano G. Magni The Habsburg Empire and Its Role as an Incubator of Croatian national Identity in Dalmatia and Istria 259 Petar Bagarić Nelle Terre dei Grifoni: Vescovi ibridi e disciplinamento antroponomastico nelle frontiere dell’impero spagnolo (Secc. XVI–XVII) 123 La costruzione ideologica del ‘sistema imperiale med- Paola Nestola iterraneo’ fascista. L’Enciclopedia italiana, il modello ‘romano–italiano’ e il modello ‘cartaginese–demoplutocratico’ 271 Filippo Gorla Tráfico de noticias. La revuelta de Mesina en la cor- respondencia del embajador español en Génova, el Marqués de Villagarcia (1672–1678) 149 Bibliografia 295 Juan Carlos Rodríguez Pérez Un impero mancato? Venezia e l’oltremare nella pros- pettiva dei Sindici Inquisitori in Levante (secoli XVI–XVII) 169 Cristina Setti L’Impero in periferia: i feudi imperiali dell’Appennino ligure nel XVIII secolo 195 Maria Rocca Sessione 3 Le identità del Mediterraneo: vecchi imperi e nuove appartenenze La Colonia Italiana di Costantinopoli attraverso gli ar- ticoli de La Rassegna Italiana – Organo degl’interessi italiani in Oriente 219 Francesco Pongiluppi Introduzione Introduzione GIAMPAOLO CONTE, FABRIZIO FILIOLI URANIO, VALERIO TORREGGIANI E FRANCESCA ZACCARO Gli atti qui pubblicati sono una selezione dei contributi presenta- ti al convegno internazionale – organizzato e diretto da Giampaolo Conte, Fabrizio Filioli Uranio, Valerio Torreggiani, Francesca Zaccaro – Imperia. Lo spazio mediterraneo dal mondo antico all’età contemporanea (Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Scuola di Lettere, Filosofia e Lin- gue, 24–25 novembre 2014). Il simposio ha origine dall’idea di studiare il Mediterraneo in una longue durée che estenda la lezione braudeliana1. Vengono infatti mes- se a confronto, attraverso un dialogo che supera le barriere della clas- sica periodizzazione – età antica, medievale, moderna e contempo- ranea – le strutture che si propagano nelle impalcature imperiali. La celebrazione del bimillenario della morte di Augusto (14 d. C. – 2014) rappresenta il punto di partenza di questo progetto e proprio l’im- pero romano come primo esempio di koiné mediterranea, che dalla Lusitania all’Asia Minore teneva insieme il Mare Nostrum, è motivo di riflessione per una più attenta analisi del concetto di impero. La declinazione al plurale Imperia presente nel titolo del volume riman- da all’idea del Mediterraneo come spazio in cui il mare rappresenta il collante che tiene unito non solo ogni singolo impero posto lungo la linea del tempo, ma tutti gli imperi che si sono susseguiti da ovest a est nel Mare Nostrum: la talassocrazia è la conditio sine qua non per l’affermazione degli imperi mediterranei. Le definizioni linguistiche di impero romano, impero bizantino, impero asburgico e spagnolo, e impero ottomano si basano su sfere lessicali diverse: la prima ha come perno la centralità di Roma, la seconda Bisanzio, la terza la di- 1 Braudel 1969; Braudel 2010. Introduzione Introduzione nastia – Carlo V d’Asburgo imperatore del Sacro Romano Impero e Annales con March Bloch, Lucien Febvre e Fernand Braudel, vede a par- dei territori spagnoli – e la quarta i successori di Osman I. Se po- tire dal principio del XXI secolo un nuovo impulso con la pubblicazio- nessimo queste sfere lessicali sullo stesso piano avremmo un impero ne delle monografie di Horden–Purcell5, di Abulafia6 e della curatela di romano, uno bizantino, ma poi: un impero praghese e viennese e un Horden–Kinoshita7. A questi lavori che interessano il lunghissimo pe- sistema imperiale spagnolo policentrico; infine un impero istanbu- riodo, bisogna aggiungere opere che sviluppano il dibattito riguardante liota. Se le definizioni possono risultare in qualche modo fuorvianti, l’eredità romana nel periodo medievale e moderno8. è però possibile osservare come Roma è de facto impero prima di es- La pubblicazione degli atti del simposio Imperia. Lo spazio medi- serlo de iure con Augusto, attraverso la conquista del Mediterraneo e terraneo dal mondo antico all’età contemporanea segue dunque queste la nascita delle province, la prima delle quali è la Sicilia (241 a. C.); linee storiografiche, ponendosi l’obiettivo di far emergere con ancora l’impero di Carlo V e la monarchia cattolica combattono contro l’im- maggior chiarezza l’aporia di barriere cronologiche che limitano il pero ottomano per il dominio del Mare Nostrum: tutti questi imperi, dibattito sul “falso bel tema” – così definito da Lucien Febvre – del o sistemi imperiali come nel caso della Spagna di Filippo II e dei suoi Mediterraneo e che ingabbiano il Mare Nostrum in paradigmi storio- successori, prima di successive distinzioni lessicali, possono definirsi grafici settoriali che perdono di vista il suo olismo e la sua ricchezza mediterranei. L’ipotesi alla base di questo ragionamento è che si pos- fluida e in perenne evoluzione. sa parlare, adottando un nuovo paradigma storiografico, di imperi Organizzazione dell’opera. L’opera è organizzata in tre parti te- mediterranei dell’età antica, media, moderna e contemporanea. matiche. Nella prima ci si interroga sulla definizione di impero, ana- Lo spazio fluido del Mediterraneo si afferma nella sua policentrici- lizzando e mettendo a confronto gli imperi dell’età antica, spaziando tà2 costiera sin dal periodo precedente alla dominazione romana, quan- dal mondo assiro del Vicino Oriente all’impero romano al suo apogeo. do fenici, etruschi e greci fondano città che ancora oggi costellano e de- Il Mediterraneo antico è lo spazio in cui si sono susseguite, incrociate finiscono i contorni del Mare Nostrum. L’espansione di Roma si avvale e sovrapposte reti politiche, culturali, economiche, sociali e istituzio- non solo di rotte già molto conosciute, ma anche di saperi, competenze nali che hanno mutuato tra di loro dispositivi tecnici di governo, in e strutture precedenti; la conquista della Sicilia permette ai romani di un proficuo dialogo tra persistenza e discontinuità: dai grandi regni superare per la prima volta il limes terrestre e, introiettando le cono- del Vicino Oriente all’apogeo dell’impero romano questa prima parte scenze dei fenici, consente l’espansione mediterranea di Roma. L’im- indaga i fenomeni più vari, spaziando dalla definizione dell’impero palcatura dell’impero romano si fonda per buona parte sull’assimila- assiro, visto come incubatore delle successive realtà imperiali del Me- zione di strutture già presenti, come la cultura, la retorica e la filosofia diterraneo, alla riflessione sul mutamento delle istituzioni nell’età re- greca: non a caso, senza dimenticare che l’impero romano è un impero pubblicana romana che getta le basi per i successivi sviluppi politici; bilingue, si parla di impero greco–romano3. Il sistema greco–romano dalla percezione
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