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IIIHIIII US005560331A United States Patent 19 11 Patent Number: 5,560,331 Komatsu Et Al

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IIIHIIII US005560331A United States Patent 19 11 Patent Number: 5,560,331 Komatsu Et Al IIIHIIII US005560331A United States Patent 19 11 Patent Number: 5,560,331 Komatsu et al. (45) Date of Patent: Oct. 1, 1996 54 CYLINDER HEAD FOR ENGINE 4,343,270 8/1982 Kawabe. 4,382,796 5/1983 Blanchard. 75) Inventors: Kenji Komatsu, Tomotaka Takano, 4,401,061 8/1983 Matsushita et al.. both of Iwata, Japan 4,452,194 6/1984 Watanabe et al.. 4,621,595 11/1986 Suzuki. (73) Assignee: Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha, 4,671,222 6/1987 Gallot et al. ....................... 123/90.27 Iwata, Japan 4,993,374 2/1991 Okui..................................... 123/90.27 , Jap 5,184,582 2/1993 Okui et al. ........................... 123/90.27 5,385,125 1/1995 Oyaizu et al. ....................... 123/90.27 21 Appl. No.: 559,080 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS 22 Filed: Nov. 16, 1995 981135 1/1976 Canada. Related U.S. Application Data 1571361675606 3/19395/1969 Germany.France. 62) Division of Ser. No. 438,502, May 10, 1995. 40381695156641 5/19756/1992 Japan.Germany. 30 Foreign Application Priority Data 58-44213 3/1983 Japan. 2030218 4/1980 United Kingdom. May 10, 1994 JP Japan .................................... 6-09667 2057380 4/1981 United Kingdom. (51) Int. Cl. ...................................... FO2F7/00 2204094 11/1988 United Kingdom. 52 U.S. Cl. ..................................... 123/1935; 123/195 C OTHER PUBLICATIONS 18 "eld of Search my'. E. Johnson service Manual (1977) pp. 5–1 through 5-22 plus sal as - w is a f 9.9/15 HP Water Flow Diagram. Merc 50 Parts Manual (Aug. 1979). (56) References Cited Merc 40 Parts Manual (Jul. 1979). U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS Yamaha '80 Parts Manual (Sep. 1979). 2,227,247 12/1940 Conover. Primary Examiner-Marguerite McMahon 2,322,961 6/1943 Yingling. Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Knobbe, Martens, Olson & Bear 2,496,434 2/1950 Bosma. 2,691,954 10/1954 Shively. (57) ABSTRACT 3.35:2,766,739 10/1956A: KoscheE. e ................................. 123/90 27 A number of embodiments of cylinder head constructions 2,990,819 7/1961 Bouvy. for internal combustion engines, wherein the intake and 3,494,334 2/1970 Johnson. exhaust passages extend through the cylinder head and 3,521,613 7/1970 Celli..................................... 123/90.27 terminate in the respective upper and lower surfaces of the 3.692,006 9/1972 Miller et al.. cylinder head so as to simplify machining. A number of 3,772,887 11/1973 Ziegler. variations and manifolding arrangements are also disclosed 2. 's E. Smerick 123/195 C so as to permit the installation of the engine into an engine 408206s 167. " compartment and to provide a compact construction. 4,302,935 12/1981 Cousimano .......................... 123/193.5 4,328,770 5/1982 Hale. 3 Claims, 14 Drawing Sheets s U.S. Patent Oct. 1, 1996 Sheet 1 of 14 5,560,331 57 9) O 3. oclo23 38 32 (e) s (6. CD (O1o LNG 23 3 WSZZ / G19 is . Figure I U.S. Patent Oct. 1, 1996 Sheet 2 of 14 5,560,331 Figure 2 U.S. Patent Oct. 1, 1996 Sheet 3 of 14 5,560,331 Figure 3 U.S. Patent Oct. 1, 1996 Sheet 4 of 14 5,560,331 U.S. Patent Oct. 1, 1996 Sheet 5 of 14 5,560,331 Figure 5 U.S. Patent Oct. 1, 1996 Sheet 6 of 14 5,560,331 Figure 6 U.S. Patent Oct. 1, 1996 Sheet 7 of 14 5,560,331 i U.S. Patent Oct. 1, 1996 Sheet 8 of 14 5,560,331 <ae?NN ×2, y Z(~~~~); :2 Figure 9 U.S. Patent Oct. 1, 1996 Sheet 9 of 14 5,560,331 U.S. Patent Oct. 1, 1996 Sheet 10 of 14 5,560,331 YW 5 5 W Figure 11 U.S. Patent Oct. 1, 1996 Sheet 11 of 14 5,560,331 Figure 12 U.S. Patent Oct. 1, 1996 Sheet 12 of 14 5,560,331 Figure 13 U.S. Patent Oct. 1, 1996 Sheet 13 of 14 5,560,331 No. Figure 14 U.S. Patent Oct. 1, 1996 Sheet 14 of 14 5,560,331 Figure 16 Figure 17 5,560,331 1. 2 CYLNDER HEAD FOR ENGINE passage of the cylinder head which can be utilized to permit low restriction under high speed, high load operation, and This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application also the attainment of turbulence under low speed, low load No. 08/438,502, filed May 10, 1995. conditions. However, in order to be able to achieve this result, it is BACKGROUND OF THE ENVENTION necessary that the control valve be positioned relatively This invention relates to a cylinder head for an engine and close to the intake port. This presents certain problems, and more particularly to an improved cylinder head porting can significantly complicate the configuration of the cylinder arrangement and associated manifold system for an internal head, if the flow control valve is positioned directly in the combustion engine. 10 cylinder head. It is, therefore, a still further object of this invention to As is well know, engines normally have a cylinder block provide a compact cylinder head assembly wherein a flow in which the cylinder bores are formed and a cylinder head control valve can be positioned in the assembly but apart which is detachable connected to the cylinder block and from the cylinder head, per se. which has surfaces or recesses that cooperate with the 15 cylinder bores to form the combustion chambers of the engine. With overhead valve engines, the intake and exhaust SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION passages are formed in the cylinder head and extend from A first feature of the invention is adapted to be embodied the combustion chamber surface in the sealing face of the in a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine having cylinder head to external openings in the cylinder head to 20 a lower surface for sealing engagement with a cylinder block which intake and/or exhaust manifolds are connected. The having a cylinder bore closed by the cylinder head lower cylinder head also has a valve chamber which is closed by surface to form a combustion chamber. The cylinder head a valve cover that is affixed to the cylinder head and which has an upper surface spaced from the lower surface and is removable for servicing the valve mechanism and the which surrounds a valve chamber and is adapted to be closed camshafts, if overhead camshafts are employed. Hence, 25 by a valve cover sealingly engaged with the upper surface. there are a number of surfaces on the exterior of the cylinder An intake passage extends through the cylinder head from head which must be machined so as to improve sealing. an intake port in the combustion chamber to an inlet opening Frequently, particularly with automotive applications, the surrounded by a sealing surface that is co-planar with one of intake passages terminate on one side of the cylinder head the upper and lower surfaces. An exhaust passage extends and the exhaust passages terminate on the other side of the 30 through the cylinder head from an exhaust port in the cylinder head. The lower surface must be machined to combustion chamber to an outlet opening surrounded by a provide the sealing surface for the cylinder block and the sealing surface that is co-planar with the other of these upper surface of the cylinder head must be machined to form surfaces. the sealing surface for the valve cover. In addition, the Another feature of the invention is adapted to be embod surfaces around the intake and exhaust passages where they 35 ied in a cylinder head assembly for an internal combustion exit the cylinder head also must be machined so as to permit engine comprised of a cylinder head having a lower surface good sealing with the intake and exhaust manifold. Obvi for sealing engagement with a cylinder block and having a ously, this requires complicated machining operations. cylinder bore closed by the cylinder head lower surface to It is therefore, a principal object of this invention to form a combustion chamber. The cylinder head has an upper provide an improved cylinder head arrangement for an 40 surface that surrounds a valve chamber and which is adapted internal combustion engine. to be closed by a valve cover sealingly engaged with the It is a further object of this invention to provide an upper surface. A flow passage extends through the cylinder improved cylinder head arrangement for an internal com head from the combustion chamber to the upper surface. A bustion engine wherein the surfaces of the intake and cover is affixed to the cylinder head upper surface and has exhaust passages which must be machined lie in the same 45 a flow passage that is aligned with the cylinder head flow plane as the lower and upper sealing surfaces of the cylinder passage. The cover supports a flow control valve for con so as to facilitate and simplify machining operations. trolling the flow through the flow passage. With the induction system for an internal combustion BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS engine, it is well known that the length of the induction 50 system can be tuned to certain running conditions so as to FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a cylinder head constructed provide optimum charging efficiency. Frequently this in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention. requires a long intake passage. However, when the engine is employed for powering a vehicle, such as an automobile, the FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2-2 spaced available in the engine compartment may not permit of FIG.
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