Agastache Rugosa (Lamiaceae), a New Casual Alien in the Flora of Poland [Agastache Rugosa (Lamiaceae), Nauja Atsitiktinė Svetimkraštė Rūšis Lenkijos Floroje]

Home , Agastache rugosa, Agastache urticifolia, Mentheae, Nepetoideae

10.1515/botlit-2015-0010

BOTANICA LITHUANICA ISSN 2029-932X 2015, 21(1): 74–76

AGASTACHE RUGOSA (LAMIACEAE), A NEW CASUAL ALIEN IN THE FLORA OF PO- LAND

Artur Pl i s z k o

Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Institute of Botany, Department of Plant Taxonomy, Phytogeography and Herbarium, Kopernika Str. 31, PL-31-501 Kraków, Poland E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Pliszko A., 2015: Agastache rugosa (Lamiaceae), a new casual alien in the flora of Poland [Agastache rugosa (Lamiaceae), nauja atsitiktinė svetimkraštė rūšis Lenkijos floroje]. – Bot. Lith., 21(1): 74–76.

In September 2014, the casual occurrence of Agastache rugosa in Poland was confirmed. It was found on a ground heap between fallow and arable fields in Łbiska near Zalesie Górne in the community of Piaseczno, the Masovian Voivodeship (coordinates: 52º1′33.06″ N, 21º0′27.72″ E; the ATPOL cartogram unit: ED46). This rare species of Asian origin is cultivated in bee-plant gardens of some beekeepers in Poland. The map of distribution and mode of introduction with garden waste from horticultural farms were presented.

Keywords: Agastache, casual alien, distribution, garden escape, ornamental plant, Poland.

Agastache rugosa (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Kuntze food spice (Fu e n t es -Gr a n a d o s et al., 1998; Sm a ll , (Lamiaceae, Nepetoideae, Mentheae), a perennial 2006; Wh i t ele y , 2011; Ra n d a ll , 2007; Zi e l i ń s k a & herb native to temperate regions of eastern Asia, is Ma t k o w s k i , 2014). It is regularly found as an escape the only Asian representative of the genus Agastache from cultivation, usually near gardens and on rough J. Clayton ex Gronov. It belongs to Agastache sect. ground (Fu e n t es -Gr a n a d o s et al., 1998). Its casual Agastache Lint & Epling (formerly known as Lo- occurrence has been confirmed in the United King- phanthus sect. Chiastandra Benth.), which consists dom (Cle m e n t , 2005), France (Ve r l o o ve , 2007) and of species with the antrorsely bent filaments of the Belgium (Ve r l o o ve & La m b i n o n , 2014). It is natural- upper stamens (Li n t & Ep l i n g , 1945; Vo g el m a n n , ised in Laos, and, moreover, it is treated as an envi- 1985; Sa n d e r s , 1987; Fu e n t es -Gr a n a d o s et al., ronmental weed or as a horticultural species with the 1998). It is widely distributed in China, Japan, Korea, invasive potential in the United States (An d e r s o n , Taiwan, and southeastern Russia, where is found in 2007; Ra n d a ll , 2012 and literature cited therein). In meadows and rocky grass-covered slopes, especially Poland, the plant is cultivated in bee-plant gardens of along the streams and valleys (Li n t & Ep l i n g , 1945; some beekeepers (Ja b ł o ń s k i & Ko ł t o w s k i , 2001). Oh w i , 1965; Po y a r k o v a , 1976; Vo g el m a n n , 1985; Li Agastache rugosa is very similar in habit to the & He d g e , 1994; Na v a r r a , 2004; Sm a ll , 2006). North American A. foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze and Agastache rugosa has been used in traditional A. urticifolia (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Kuntze, however, Chinese medicine to treat fever, colds, headaches, it has abaxially sparsely hairy leaves, whereas those angina pains, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea and of A. foeniculum are densely hairy, and it has shorter cholera (Pe r r y & Me t z g e r , 1980; Na v a r r a , 2004). corollas than A. urticifolia (Do u g l a s et al., 1999; It is cultivated in eastern Asia, Europe, North Wh i t ele y , 2011). According to Wh i t ele y (2011), America and Australia as an ornamental, medici- many Agastache hybrids have been cultivated under nal and bee plant, and as a source of flavouring and cultivar names.

74 Agastache rugosa (Lamiaceae), a new casual alien in the flora of Poland

The first casual occurrence ofAgastache rugosa in lia from Kraków appear to be lost, it is impossible to Poland was observed in Łbiska near Zalesie Górne in confirm the correctness of identification of this plant. the community of Piaseczno, the Masovian Voivode- Presumably, A. urticifolia was misidentified with ship (coordinates: 52º1′33.06″ N, 21º0′27.72″ E; al- A. rugosa, what frequently happens in Europe and titude: 110 m) on 17 September 2014. According to North America, especially in horticulture (Fu e n t es - the ATPOL cartogram method (Za j ą c , 1978), this Gr a n a d o s et al., 1998; Ve r l o o ve , 2014). Specimens place lies within the square ED46 (Fig. 1). The plant, of A. rugosa are deposited at the Herbarium of the which was well branched and appeared to be a small Institute of Botany of Jagiellonian University in clonal colony (consisting of 10 stems), was found on Kraków (KRA). a ground heap between fallow and arable fields in the company of Cucurbita maxima Duchesne, Epilobium ciliatum Raf., Panicum capillare L., Rudbeckia hirta Acknowledgements L. and Solidago canadensis L. The habitat suggests that the plant was introduced with garden waste from I would like to thank Professor Anna Pacyna for nearly located horticultural farm. The identity of the valuable information about Agastache urticifolia. collected specimens was determined on the basis of diagnostic features given by Po y a r k o v a (1976), Li & He d g e (1994), Fu e n t es -Gr a n a d o s et al. (1998) and REFERENCES Wh i t ele y (2011). An d e r s o n N.O., 2007: Prevention of invasiveness in floricultural crops. – In: An d e r s o n N.O. (ed.), Flower breeding and genetics: issues, challenges and opportunities for the 21st century: 177–219. – Dordrecht. Cle m e n t E.J., 2005: Agastache rugosa – an alien new to Britain. – BSBI News, 99: 46–47. Do u g l a s G.W., Me i d i n g e r D., Po j a r J., 1999: Illus- trated flora of British Columbia. Dicotyledons (Diapensiaceae through Onagraceae), 3. – Vic- toria. Fu e n t es -Gr a n a d o s R., Wi d r lec h n e r M.P., Wi l - s o n L.A., 1998: An overview of Agastache re- search. – Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants, 6(1): 69–97. Gu z i k J., Pa c y n a A., 2003: Nowe lub rzadkie w Pols- ce rośliny synantropijne. 2. Agastache urticifolia (Lamiaceae). – Fragmenta Floristica et Geobo- Fig. 1. Distribution of Agastache rugosa in Poland tanica Polonica, 10: 57–65. Ja b ł o ń s k i B., Ko ł t o w s k i Z., 2001: Nectar secretion Agastache rugosa is the second species of the and honey potential of honey-plants growing un- genus Agastache recorded in Poland, following the der Poland’s conditions. – Journal of Apicultural discovery of A. urticifolia in Kraków by Gu z i k & Science, 45: 29–35. Pa c y n a (2003). The authors assumed that A. urtici- Li X.W., He d g e I. C., 1994: Lamiaceae. – In: Wu folia was temporarily introduced with the soil used Z.Y., Ra ve n P.H. (eds), Flora of China. Verben- for recultivation of the sediment tanks of the former aceae through Solanaceae, 17: 50–299. – Bei- soda factory. In consequence, the plant joined to the jing – St. Louis. Polish flora as a casual alien (ephemerophyte) (Mi r e k Li n t H., Ep l i n g C., 1945: A revision of Agastache. – et al., 2002; Ur b i s z , 2011; To k a r s k a -Gu z i k et al., American Midland Naturalist, 33(1): 207–230. 2012). Since the herbarium specimens of A. urticifo- Mi r e k Z., Pi ę k o ś -Mi r k o w a H., Za j ą c A., Za j ą c M.

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Agastache rugosa (Lamiaceae), nauja atsitiktinė svetimkraštė rūšis Lenkijos floroje

Artur Pl i s z k o

Santrauka

2014 metų rugsėjį buvo patvirtintas atsitiktinis 52º1′33.06″N/21º0′27.72″E; ATPOL kartografinis Agastache rugosa radinys Lenkijoje. Augalas buvo vienetas: ED46). Ši reta iš Azijos kilusi rūšis yra me- aptiktas ant žemių krūvos tarp dirvono ir dirbamo dinga, Lenkijoje auginama bitininkų. Pateikiamas pa- lauko Łbiska kaime, esančiame netoli Zalesie Gór- plitimo žemėlapis ir nurodoma, kad augalas iš sodi- ne, Masovian vaivadijoje (geografinės koordinatės: ninkystės ūkio į aplinką pateko su sodo atliekomis.