Development of High Intensity Neutron Source at the European Spallation Source
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ICANS XXI Dawn of High Power Neutron Sources and Science Applications
Book of Abstracts ICANS XXI Dawn of high power neutron sources and science applications 29 Sep - 3 Oct 2014, JAPAN Ibaraki Prefectural Culture Center Update : 12 Oct. 2014 Best photography in 7th Oarai Town Photo Contest. WELCOME TO ICANS XXI ICANS (International Collaboration on Advanced Neutron Sources) is a network for scientists who are involved in developing pulsed neutron sources and accelerator based spallation neutron sources. Since 1st ICANS meetings was held in 1977 at Argonne National Laboratory in the day of dawn of spallation neutron technique, ICANS has been continuously held already 20 times somewhere in the world. Now we are extremely happy to announce that the ICANS, the 21st meeting, will be held at Mito hosted by J-PARC this autumn. We have a large number of topics to be discussed, there are twelve topics, such as futuristic idea of neutron source, rapid progress in facilities, integration issues in target-moderator-development, etc. The details can be found in the agenda. The meeting has a two layered structure, one is plenary session and another is workshop. Two of them are complementary and tightly cooperate each other. In the meeting we would like to enhance "workshop style", which is an original and traditional way of ICANS. Actually 2/3 of topics will be discussed in the workshop sessions. It also will be essentially organized/ lead by the workshop chairs. Plenary session shows overall issues in a relevant workshop, whose details should be talked/discussed in the workshop. The venue for the meeting is Mito city, where the 2nd Shogun Family lived for a long period of time during Edo era from 17th to 19th century, when the Tokugawa shogunate ruled the country. -
NEUTRON ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT, ULTRACOLD NEUTRONS and POLARIZED 3He
NEUTRON ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT, ULTRACOLD NEUTRONS AND POLARIZED 3He R. GOLUB~and Steve K. LAMOREAUXb aHahfl_Mejtfler Institut, Postfach 390128, Glienicker Strasse 100, 14109 Berlin, Germany b University of Washington, Department of Physics FM-15, Seattle, WA 98195, USA NORTH-HOLLAND PHYSICS REPORTS (Review Section of Physics Letters) 237, No. 1(1994)1—62. PHYSICS REPORTS North-Holland Neutron electric-dipole moment, ultracold neutrons and polarized 3He R. Goluba and Steve K. Lamoreauxb aHahnMeitner Institut, Postfach 390128, Glienicker Strasse 100, 14109 Berlin, Germany buniversily of Washington, Department of Physics FM-15, Seattle, WA 98195, USA Received May 1993; editor: J. Eichler Contents: 1. Introduction 4 5.3. Solution by use of the secular approximation 38 1.1. Historical background 4 5.4. Elimination of the pseudomagnetic field 2. Current experimental technique 8 suppression by feedback to w~ 39 2.1. Ultracold neutrons (UCN) 8 5.5. Effects of the z component of the pseudomagnetic 2.2. Neutron EDM measurements with stored UCN 10 field 42 2.3. Recent EDM experiments using UCN 13 5,6. Effects of offsets in the first-harmonic signal 44 3. Superfluid He neutron EDM with 3He 6. Noise analysis 45 comagnetometer 19 6.1. Model of the system for noise analysis 45 3.1. Introduction 19 6.2. Initial polarization and UCN density 45 3.2. Production of UCN in superfluid 4He 20 6.3. Analysis of harmonically modulated dressing 46 3.3. Polarization of UCN 21 6.4. Evolution of the UCN polarization and density 3.4. Polarization of 3He 22 under modulated dressing 46 3.5. -
Φ()Edeat∆≡ Nedeavt () [ ∆ ] (2)
22.54 Neutron Interactions and Applications (Spring 2002) Lecture Notes on Neutronics of Multiplying Media This is a set of notes for the four lectures on neutron interactions in a reactor system in which a neutron population can change as a result of capture and fission reactions, in addition to scattering. We will discuss the concept of criticality as a way of describing any self-sustaining chain reaction which, in principle, can be just as well chemical in nature, and focus on the fundamental understanding of neutron diffusion and slowing down, and the interplay between materials constants (expressed through cross sections) and geometric factors (system size and shape) in determining criticality. The four lectures are: Lec 14. Neutronics of Multiplying Media – criticality, moderation, leakage Lec 15. Elements of Neutron Diffusion Theory Lec 16. Neutron Slowing Down Lec.17. The Two-Group Two-Region Reactor As a start the following references are recommended for supplemental reading: J. Lemarsh, Introduction to Nuclear Reactor Theory K. M. Case, F. deHoffmann, G. Placzek, Introduction to The Theory of Neutron Diffusion, vol. 1, LASL, 1953. I. Some Basic Notions of Neutron Multiplication Consider a homogeneous beam of neutrons having a distribution of energies. Define distribution function n(E) such that n(E)dE = expected no, of neutrons with energies in dE about E per cm3 (1) Suppose we ask how many neutrons in a certain energy range will cross an area during a time interval ∆t. Call this number φ()EdEAt∆≡ nEdEAvt () [ ∆ ] (2) since all the neutrons in a certain volume Av ∆t will cross during ∆t. -
Neutron Scattering Facilities in Europe Present Status and Future Perspectives
2 ESFRI Physical Sciences and Engineering Strategy Working Group Neutron Landscape Group Neutron scattering facilities in Europe Present status and future perspectives ESFRI scrIPTa Vol. 1 ESFRI Scripta Volume I Neutron scattering facilities in Europe Present status and future perspectives ESFRI Physical Sciences and Engineering Strategy Working Group Neutron Landscape Group i ESFRI Scripta Volume I Neutron scattering facilities in Europe - Present status and future perspectives Author: ESFRI Physical Sciences and Engineering Strategy Working Group - Neutron Landscape Group Scientific editors: Colin Carlile and Caterina Petrillo Foreword Technical editors: Marina Carpineti and Maddalena Donzelli ESFRI Scripta series will publish documents born out of special studies Cover image: Diffraction pattern from the sugar-binding protein Gal3c with mandated by ESFRI to high level expert groups, when of general interest. lactose bound collected using LADI-III at ILL. Picture credits should be given This first volume reproduces the concluding report of an ad-hoc group to D. Logan (Lund University) and M. Blakeley (ILL) mandated in 2014 by the Physical Science and Engineering Strategy Design: Promoscience srl Work Group (PSE SWG) of ESFRI, to develop a thorough analysis of the European Landscape of Research Infrastructures devoted to Neutron Developed on behalf of the ESFRI - Physical Sciences and Engineering Strategy Scattering, and its evolution in the next decades. ESFRI felt the urgency Working Group by the StR-ESFRI project and with the support of the ESFRI of such analysis, since many reactor-based neutron sources will be closed Secretariat down in the next years due to national decisions, while the European The StR-ESFRI project has received funding from the European Union’s Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund will be fully operative only in the mid Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement or late 2020s. -
Conceptual Design Report Jülich High
General Allgemeines ual Design Report ual Design Report Concept Jülich High Brilliance Neutron Source Source Jülich High Brilliance Neutron 8 Conceptual Design Report Jülich High Brilliance Neutron Source (HBS) T. Brückel, T. Gutberlet (Eds.) J. Baggemann, S. Böhm, P. Doege, J. Fenske, M. Feygenson, A. Glavic, O. Holderer, S. Jaksch, M. Jentschel, S. Kleefisch, H. Kleines, J. Li, K. Lieutenant,P . Mastinu, E. Mauerhofer, O. Meusel, S. Pasini, H. Podlech, M. Rimmler, U. Rücker, T. Schrader, W. Schweika, M. Strobl, E. Vezhlev, J. Voigt, P. Zakalek, O. Zimmer Allgemeines / General Allgemeines / General Band / Volume 8 Band / Volume 8 ISBN 978-3-95806-501-7 ISBN 978-3-95806-501-7 T. Brückel, T. Gutberlet (Eds.) Gutberlet T. Brückel, T. Jülich High Brilliance Neutron Source (HBS) 1 100 mA proton ion source 2 70 MeV linear accelerator 5 3 Proton beam multiplexer system 5 4 Individual neutron target stations 4 5 Various instruments in the experimental halls 3 5 4 2 1 5 5 5 5 4 3 5 4 5 5 Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich Reihe Allgemeines / General Band / Volume 8 CONTENT I. Executive summary 7 II. Foreword 11 III. Rationale 13 1. Neutron provision 13 1.1 Reactor based fission neutron sources 14 1.2 Spallation neutron sources 15 1.3 Accelerator driven neutron sources 15 2. Neutron landscape 16 3. Baseline design 18 3.1 Comparison to existing sources 19 IV. Science case 21 1. Chemistry 24 2. Geoscience 25 3. Environment 26 4. Engineering 27 5. Information and quantum technologies 28 6. Nanotechnology 29 7. Energy technology 30 8. -
THE SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE (SNS) PROJECT Jose Alonso
THE SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE (SNS) PROJECT Jose Alonso The SNS is currently the US Department of Energy's activation and residual-radiation levels in the tunnels are largest accelerator construction project, and is being low enough to allow quick access and hands-on carried out by a partnership of five DOE National maintenance, and is driven by the very high reliability and Laboratories for building the world's most powerful availability specifications associated with the strong user- accelerator-based pulse spallation source. At its planned orientation of the SNS facility. Areas where unusable 2 MW operating level, it will produce neutron fluxes at beam is diverted (so-called "controlled" beam-loss least a factor of ten greater than Rutherford Appleton points), such as collimators, scrapers and dumps, must be Laboratory’s ISIS, currently the world’s leading spallation designed to collect these particles in a way that contribute source. The current design of the SNS, shown in Figure only minimally to background levels in the tunnels where 1, calls for a full-energy (1 GeV) linac delivering 1 ms access is required. Normal loss mechanisms must receive pulses to an Accumulator Ring which compresses these particular attention to meet this specification. This into 600 ns proton pulses that strike a liquid mercury implies very tight control over beam emittance, and target at a 60 Hz rate. Room-temperature and cryogenic emittance growth; designing for the largest-possible stay- moderators produce beams of slow neutrons suitable for clear apertures in linac, transport and ring structures; materials research with an initial suite of at least 10 understanding of space-charge and halo effects in linac and ring; ensuring highest-possible vacuum in areas neutron-scattering instruments. -
Nist Center for Neutron Research Accomplishments and Opportunities
RXC NATL INST. OF STAND & TECH WIST PUBLICATIONS A111QS 6=11773- m ON THE COVER Part of the 913-detector array of the new Disk Chopper Spectrometer (DCS) that will be available to users in 2000. To view the detectors as found in the instrument, the picture should be rotated 90°. Information about the DCS and other instruments at NCNR is available at http://www.ncnr.nist.gov/. Photo: Mark Heifer NCNR 1999 NIST CENTER FOR NEUTRON RESEARCH ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND OPPORTUNITIES NIST Special Publication 944 J. Michael Rowe, Director Ronald L. Cappelletti, Editor Linda K. Clutter, Assistant Editor January 2000 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE William M. Daley, Secretary Technology Administration Dr. Cheryl L. Shavers, Under Secretary of Commerce for Technology National Institute of Standards and Technology Raymond G. Kammer, Director DISCLAIMER Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this report to foster understanding. Such identification does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose. National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication 944 Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Spec. Publ. 944, 80 pages (January 2000) CODEN: NSPUE2 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE - WASHINGTON: 2000 For Sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC 20402-9325 CONTENTS Foreword iv Introduction to the NIST Center for Neutron Research -
Signa Ture Redacted' Signature Redacted
Ultracold Neutron Storage Simulation Using the MASSACUTS ILNSTITUTE Kassiopeia Software Package OF TECHNOLOGY by JUL 2 4 2019 Zachary Bogorad LIBRARIES Submitted to the Department of Physics ARCHIVES in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Physics at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY June 2019 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2019. All rights reserved. Signa ture redacted' A uthor ............................ D 4 tment of Physics May 10, 2019 Signature redacted_ C ertified by ....................... ose . Formaggio rofessor of Physics Thesis Supervisor Signature redacted Accepted by ................ Nergis Mavalvala Associate Department Head, Department of Physics 2 Ultracold Neutron Storage Simulation Using the Kassiopeia Software Package by Zachary Bogorad Submitted to the Department of Physics on May 10, 2019, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Physics Abstract The Kassiopeia software package was originally developed to simulate electromagnetic fields and charged particle trajectories for neutrino mass measurement experiments. Recent additions to Kassiopeia also allow it to simulate neutral particle trajectories in magnetic fields based on their magnetic moments. Two different methods were implemented: an exact method that can work for arbitrary fields and an adiabatic method that is limited to slowly-varying fields but is much faster for large precession frequencies. Additional interactions to simulate reflection of ultracold neutrons from material walls and to allow spin-flip pulses were also added. These tools were used to simulate neutron precession in the Paul Scherrer Institute's neutron electric dipole moment experiment and predict the values of the longitudinal and transverse relax- ation times as well as the trapping lifetime. -
Facilities and Methods Ultracold Neutrons—Physics and Production
facilities and methods Ultracold Neutrons—Physics and Production Introduction Free neutrons are the most funda- mental ones of the easily accessible, electrically neutral spin-1/2 systems. They take part in all the four known interactions: they strongly interact with nucleons and nuclear matter, they undergo weak β-decay, they have magnetic moments and gravitational mass. Although the neutron itself is a composite system, and thus, strictly speaking, not a fundamental particle, it is one of the finest probes for funda- mental physics. Neutrons can be and are used to study all interactions, to search for new interactions, to test fundamental quantum mechanics and symmetries of nature. Over the past five decades the field of slow neutron Figure 1. Dispersion relation of superfluid helium (c) and free neutron (a). precision physics developed and Neutrons with E » 1meV can excite a single phonon q » 0.7Å-1 with same energy could usually make major advance- and are thus down-scattered to the UCN energy range. The UCN production ments when new and more powerful rate (b) (circles) [16] shows the dominance of this single phonon process with neutron sources became available. respect to multiphonon processes. Very often experiments benefit from using slower neutrons and, thus, longer de Broglie wavelengths λ=2πh/(m · v), for example, thermal Besides numerous reviews, two new schemes for the production of neutrons at about 2,200 m/s average text books have been written on UCN UCN that have been studied in detail velocity have wavelengths of the typi- [2, 3]. For an update on the status of recently and are presently being real- cal atomic scale of about 1 Å. -
Massively Parallel Cartesian Discrete Ordinates Method for Neutron Transport Simulation Salli Moustafa
Massively Parallel Cartesian Discrete Ordinates Method for Neutron Transport Simulation Salli Moustafa To cite this version: Salli Moustafa. Massively Parallel Cartesian Discrete Ordinates Method for Neutron Transport Sim- ulation. Other [cs.OH]. Université de Bordeaux, 2015. English. NNT : 2015BORD0408. tel- 01379686v2 HAL Id: tel-01379686 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01379686v2 Submitted on 14 Oct 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. THÈSE PRÉSENTÉE À L’UNIVERSITÉ DE BORDEAUX ÉCOLE DOCTORALE DE MATHÉMATIQUES ET D’INFORMATIQUE Par Salli MOUSTAFA POUR OBTENIR LE GRADE DE DOCTEUR SPÉCIALITÉ : INFORMATIQUE Massively Parallel Cartesian Discrete Ordinates Method for Neutron Transport Simulation Soutenue le : 15 décembre 2015 Après avis des rapporteurs : Michael A. Heroux Senior scientist, Sandia National Laboratories Alain Hébert . Professor, École Polytechnique de Montréal Devant la commission d’examen composée de : Michael A. Heroux Senior scientist, Sandia National Laboratories Examinateur Alain Hébert . Professor, Ecole Polytechnique -
TRIUMF Ultracold Neutron Source
TRIUMF Ultracold Neutron Source J.W. Martin (Spokesperson)1, L. Buchmann2, J.D. Bowman3, L. Clarke4, C. Davis2, B.W. Filippone5, M. Gericke6, R. Golub4, K. Hatanaka7, M. Hayden8, T.M. Ito9, S. Jeong10, I. Kato2, S. Komamiya11, E. Korobkina4, E. Korkmaz12, L. Lee6, Y. Masuda9, K. Matsuta13, A. Micherdzinska1, W.D. Ramsay6, S.A. Page6, B. Plaster14, I. Tanihata7, W.T.H. van Oers6, Y. Watanabe10, S. Yamashita11, and T. Yoshioka11 1University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB 2TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC 3Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA 4North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA 5California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA 6University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB 7Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan 8Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC 9Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA 10KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 11The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan 12University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC 13Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan 14University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA March 17, 2008 1 Executive Summary We propose the construction of the world’s highest density source of ultracold neutrons (UCN) at TRIUMF. The truly high density that could be obtained at TRIUMF would allow a class of precision measurements to be conducted with significantly improved statistical and systematic uncertainties, and thus more significant results. This source would therefore make a major impact on studies of fundamental physics with UCN that would complement and enhance the ISAC program. A window of opportunity exists to capitalize on the successes of Y. Masuda’s group at KEK and at RCNP, thereby allowing the TRIUMF project to surpass other proposed sources elsewhere. -
1 a Numerical Solution of the Time-Dependent Neutron
A NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF THE TIME-DEPENDENT NEUTRON TRANSPORT EQUATION USING THE CHARACTERISTIC METHOD. APPLICATIONS TO ICF AND TO HYBRID FISSION-FUSION SYSTEMS Dalton Ellery Girão Barroso Military Institute of Engineering Department of Nuclear Engineering Emails: [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT In this work we present a solution of the one-dimensional spherical symmetric time- dependent neutron transport equation (written for a moving system in lagrangian coordinates) by using the characteristic method. One of the objectives is to overcome the negative flux problem that arises when the system is very opaque and the angular neutron flux can become negative when it is extrapolated in spatial meshes as, for example, in diamond scheme adopted in many codes. Although there are recipes to overcome this problem, it can completely degrade the numerical solution if repeated many times. In most common time discretization of the time-dependent neutron transport equation, there is a term, 1/vt, summed to total (or transport) cross sections that can increase enormously the opacity of the medium. This certainly gets worse when there is a combination of lower neutron velocity (in a moderated system) and a very small time-step a very common situation in ICF (inertial confinement fusion). The solution presented here can be easily coupled to radiation-hydrodynamics equations, but it is necessary an additional term to maintain neutron conservation in a moving system in lagrangian coordinates. Energy multigroup method and a former SN method to deal with the angular variable are used, with the assumption of isotropic scattering and the transport cross sections approximation.