A Hermit's Tale
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Immigrant Fiction, Religious Ritual, and the Politics of Liminality, 1899-1939
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 5-2008 Rights of Passage: Immigrant Fiction, Religious Ritual, and the Politics of Liminality, 1899-1939 Laura Patton Samal University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the English Language and Literature Commons Recommended Citation Samal, Laura Patton, "Rights of Passage: Immigrant Fiction, Religious Ritual, and the Politics of Liminality, 1899-1939. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2008. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/343 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Laura Patton Samal entitled "Rights of Passage: Immigrant Fiction, Religious Ritual, and the Politics of Liminality, 1899-1939." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in English. Mary E. Papke, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Thomas Haddox, Carolyn R. Hodges, Charles Maland Accepted for -
Fire Escapes in Urban America: History and Preservation
FIRE ESCAPES IN URBAN AMERICA: HISTORY AND PRESERVATION A Thesis Presented by Elizabeth Mary André to The Faculty of the Graduate College of The University of Vermont In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Specializing in Historic Preservation February, 2006 Abstract For roughly seventy years, iron balcony fire escapes played a major role in shaping urban areas in the United States. However, we continually take these features for granted. In their presence, we fail to care for them, they deteriorate, and become unsafe. When they disappear, we hardly miss them. Too often, building owners, developers, architects, and historic preservationists consider the fire escape a rusty iron eyesore obstructing beautiful building façades. Although the number is growing, not enough people have interest in saving these white elephants of urban America. Back in 1860, however, when the Department of Buildings first ordered the erection of fire escapes on tenement houses in New York City, these now-forgotten contrivances captivated public attention and fueled a debate that would rage well into the twentieth century. By the end of their seventy-year heyday, rarely a building in New York City, and many other major American cities, could be found that did not have at least one small fire escape. Arguably, no other form of emergency egress has impacted the architectural, social, and political context in metropolitan America more than the balcony fire escape. Lining building façades in urban streetscapes, the fire escape is still a predominant feature in major American cities, and one has difficulty strolling through historic city streets without spotting an entire neighborhood hidden behind these iron contraptions. -
New York's Mulberry Street and the Redefinition of the Italian
FRUNZA, BOGDANA SIMINA., M.S. Streetscape and Ethnicity: New York’s Mulberry Street and the Redefinition of the Italian American Ethnic Identity. (2008) Directed by Prof. Jo R. Leimenstoll. 161 pp. The current research looked at ways in which the built environment of an ethnic enclave contributes to the definition and redefinition of the ethnic identity of its inhabitants. Assuming a dynamic component of the built environment, the study advanced the idea of the streetscape as an active agent of change in the definition and redefinition of ethnic identity. Throughout a century of existence, Little Italy – New York’s most prominent Italian enclave – changed its demographics, appearance and significance; these changes resonated with changes in the ethnic identity of its inhabitants. From its beginnings at the end of the nineteenth century until the present, Little Italy’s Mulberry Street has maintained its privileged status as the core of the enclave, but changed its symbolic role radically. Over three generations of Italian immigrants, Mulberry Street changed its role from a space of trade to a space of leisure, from a place of providing to a place of consuming, and from a social arena to a tourist tract. The photographic analysis employed in this study revealed that changes in the streetscape of Mulberry Street connected with changes in the ethnic identity of its inhabitants, from regional Southern Italian to Italian American. Moreover, the photographic evidence demonstrates the active role of the street in the permanent redefinition of -
Italian Immigrants in Portland, Maine, 1880-1920
© COPYRIGHT by Robin Rae Svendsen 2017 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED DEDICATION I would like to dedicate this work to Rudolph “Rudy” DiPietro, who passed away just one week after our meeting of round-table storytelling in the Cantina at the Italian Heritage Center. Rudy was a unique character, a stalwart of the past, and his lively storytelling will be missed by this researcher. Also, to my father, Joseph DiDominicus “Chessi,” whose tales of stickball, lobster and strong women in this Italian enclave kept my imagination full of curiosity as a child, and my feminist backbone strong. He was a loving father who survived the early death of his father, childhood poverty, three wars, and four teenagers to instill his old-world lessons of la famiglia in his children which are woven through many of the tales in this research. MIGRATORY RESISTANCE COMMUNITIES ITALIAN IMMIGRANTS IN PORTLAND, MAINE, 1880-1920 BY Robin Rae Svendsen ABSTRACT This thesis seeks to illuminate the resistance communities that existed in the rural southern villages of the Mezzogiorno region of Italy, specifically Lettomanoppello, before and after Italian Unification and removed to Portland, Maine in the United States to re-establish their matrilineal subsistence culture. Through multiple lines of evidence, including previous scholarship, documents, past interviews with immigrants and current personal communication with descendants of immigrants, this research contextualizes the presence of resistance in the immigrant’s initial interaction with capitalism. The research follows the immigrant’s continued resistance to capitalism including the concept of individualism that attacked their familial organization and sacredly held joy of communal time. -
Italian American Crime Fighters a Brief Survey
IITTAALLIIAANN AAMMEERRIICCAANN CCRRIIMMEE FFIIGGHHTTEERRSS:: AA BBRRIIEEFF SSUURRVVEEYY The Order Sons of Italy in America 219 E Street, NE Washington, D. C. 20002 Tel : 202/547-2900 Fax : 202/546-8168 Web: www.osia.org August 2005 ITALIAN AMERICAN CRIME FIGHTERS: A Brief Survey Table of Contents Executive Summary…………………............ P. 3 Part I: A Century of Law Enforcement………….…. P. 6 Part II: Fighting Organized Crime…..….….……..… P. 13 Appendix I: The Detective in the Derby: Joseph Petrosino By Ercole Gaudioso……………………………….. P. 21 Appendix II: Sources……………….. ………………..…............. P. 28 Appendix III: Future Research…. …………….………………… P. 29 2 ITALIAN AMERICAN CRIME FIGHTERS: A BRIEF SURVEY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: This report was inspired by three recent events in the U.S. entertainment industry: • The popularity of the HBO television mafia soap opera, The Sopranos • The PBS public television documentary and Website, The Medicis: Godfathers of the Renaissance • Steven Spielberg's children's gangster film Shark Tale These and countless other films and television shows for decades, all portray characters of Italian heritage as criminals. The result of such stereotyping is the belief strongly imbedded in the public's mind that Italian Americans are criminally inclined. In a poll of American adults, conducted by the Princeton-based Response Analysis, Inc. several years ago, 74% said they believed most Italian Americans have some association with organized crime. This perception is at odds with the facts: • The U. S. Department of Justice estimates that 5,000 people of all races and ethnic backgrounds are in organized crime today. Even if all 5,000 were Italian American, that would constitute .0025 or one- quarter of one percent of today's 16 million Italian Americans, the nation's fifth largest ethnic group.* *In the U.S. -
The Italians of the South Village
The Italians of the South Village Report by: Mary Elizabeth Brown, Ph.D. Edited by: Rafaele Fierro, Ph.D. Commissioned by: the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation 232 E. 11th Street, New York, NY 10003 ♦ 212‐475‐9585 ♦ www.gvshp.org Funded by: The J.M. Kaplan Fund Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation 232 East 11th Street, New York, NY 10003 212‐475‐9585 212‐475‐9582 Fax www.gvshp.org [email protected] Board of Trustees: Mary Ann Arisman, President Arthur Levin, Vice President Linda Yowell, Vice President Katherine Schoonover, Secretary/Treasurer John Bacon Penelope Bareau Meredith Bergmann Elizabeth Ely Jo Hamilton Thomas Harney Leslie S. Mason Ruth McCoy Florent Morellet Peter Mullan Andrew S. Paul Cynthia Penney Jonathan Russo Judith Stonehill Arbie Thalacker Fred Wistow F. Anthony Zunino III Staff: Andrew Berman, Executive Director Melissa Baldock, Director of Preservation and Research Sheryl Woodruff, Director of Operations Drew Durniak, Director of Administration Kailin Husayko, Program Associate Cover Photo: Marjory Collins photograph, 1943. “Italian‐Americans leaving the church of Our Lady of Pompeii at Bleecker and Carmine Streets, on New Year’s Day.” Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, Farm Security Administration – Office of War Information Photograph Collection, Reproduction Number LC‐USW3‐013065‐E) The Italians of the South Village Report by: Mary Elizabeth Brown, Ph.D. Edited by: Rafaele Fierro, Ph.D. Commissioned by: the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation 232 E. 11th Street, New York, NY 10003 ♦ 212‐475‐9585 ♦ www.gvshp.org Funded by: The J.M. Kaplan Fund Published October, 2007, by the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation Foreword In the 2000 census, more New York City and State residents listed Italy as their country of ancestry than any other, and more of the estimated 5.3 million Italians who immigrated to the United States over the last two centuries came through New York City than any other port of entry. -
The Startling Rise to Power of Benito Mussolini
The Journal of Values-Based Leadership Volume 11 Article 3 Issue 2 Summer/Fall 2018 July 2018 Lessons from History: The tS artling Rise to Power of Benito Mussolini Emilio F. Iodice [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/jvbl Part of the Business Commons Recommended Citation Iodice, Emilio F. (2018) "Lessons from History: The tS artling Rise to Power of Benito Mussolini," The Journal of Values-Based Leadership: Vol. 11 : Iss. 2 , Article 3. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.22543/0733.62.1241 Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/jvbl/vol11/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Business at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in The ourJ nal of Values-Based Leadership by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. Lessons from History: The Startling Rise to Power of Benito Mussolini EMILIO IODICE, ROME, ITALY Democracy is beautiful in theory; in practice it is a fallacy. All within the state, nothing outside the state, nothing against the state. Yes, a dictator can be loved. Provided that the masses fear him at the same time. The crowd loves strong men. The crowd is like a woman. If only we can give them faith that mountains can be moved, they will accept the illusion that mountains are moveable, and thus an illusion may become reality. Italian journalism is free because it serves one cause and one purpose…mine! Better to live a day as a lion than 100 years as a sheep. -
Italian Immigration in the United States Giuseppe Piccoli
Duquesne University Duquesne Scholarship Collection Electronic Theses and Dissertations Fall 2014 Italian Immigration in the United States Giuseppe Piccoli Follow this and additional works at: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd Recommended Citation Piccoli, G. (2014). Italian Immigration in the United States (Master's thesis, Duquesne University). Retrieved from https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/1044 This Immediate Access is brought to you for free and open access by Duquesne Scholarship Collection. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Duquesne Scholarship Collection. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ITALIAN IMMIGRATION IN THE UNITED STATES A Thesis Submitted to the McAnulty Graduate School of Liberal Arts Duquesne University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts By Giuseppe Piccoli December 2014 Copyright by Giuseppe Piccoli 2014 ITALIAN IMMIGRATION IN THE UNITED STATES By Giuseppe Piccoli Approved November 17, 2014 ________________________________ ________________________________ Dr. Douglas Harper, Dr. Charles Hanna Professor of Sociology Director of the (Committee Chair) Graduate Center for Social and Public Policy (Committee Member) ________________________________ ________________________________ Dr. James Swindal Dr. Charles Hanna, Director, Graduate Dean, McAnulty Center for Social and Public Policy College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts iii ABSTRACT ITALIAN IMMIGRATION IN THE UNITED STATES By Giuseppe Piccoli December 2014 Thesis supervised by Professor Douglas Harper This study is a historical research that used content analysis of secondary sources (newspapers, magazines, literature, movies and sociological studies) in order to describe Italian immigration in America. The research is focused on Italian-American communities in the areas of Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, New York City and Boston. -
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Marion Leonard Lived: June 9, 1881 - January 9, 1956 Worked as: film actress, producer, screenwriter Worked In: United States by Sarah Delahousse It is well known that Florence Lawrence, the first “Biograph Girl,” was frustrated in her desire to exploit her fame by the company that did not, in those years, advertise their players’ names. Lawrence is thought to have been made the first motion picture star by an ingenious ploy on the part of IMP, the studio that hired her after she left the Biograph Company. But the emphasis on the “first star” eclipses the number of popular female players who vied for stardom and the publicity gambles they took to achieve it. Eileen Bowser has argued that Lawrence was “tied with” the “Vitagraph Girl,” Florence Turner, for the honorific, “first movie star” (1990, 112). In 1909, the year after Lawrence left Biograph, Marion Leonard replaced her as the “Biograph Girl.” At the end of 1911, Leonard would be part of the trend in which favorite players began to find ways to exploit their popularity, but she went further, establishing the first “star company,” according to Karen Mahar (62). Leonard had joined the Biograph Company in 1908 after leaving the Kalem Company, where she had briefly replaced Gene Gauntier as its leading lady. Her Kalem films no longer exist nor are they included in any published filmography, and few sources touch on her pre-Biograph career. Thus it is difficult to assess her total career. However, Marion Leonard was most likely a talented player as indicated by her rapid ascension to the larger and more prominent studio. -
American Sympathizers with Italian Fascism A
The Machine Has a Soul: American Sympathizers with Italian Fascism A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History By Catherine Susan Mary Hull, M.A. Washington, DC December 12, 2017 Copyright 2018 by Catherine Susan Mary Hull All Rights Reserved ii THE MACHINE HAS A SOUL: AMERICAN SYMPATHIZERS WITH ITALIAN FASCISM Catherine Susan Mary Hull, M.A. Thesis Advisor: Michael Kazin, Ph.D. ABSTRACT Americans across the political and cultural spectrum sympathized with Italian fascism in the interwar years. This dissertation demonstrates that American fascist sympathizers believed that Italy was coping better with the challenges of modernity than the United States. Fascist sympathizers argued that fascist squads revived older values of service and honor, even as Mussolini kept pace with a fast-moving society. They claimed that the corporate state was an up-to-date form of government, which protected Italians from the worst effects of the global depression. And, as the fascist state became increasingly totalitarian, they represented Italy as a place where men and women could transcend the grit and grind of modern life to find inner peace. American fascist sympathizers had various goals when they invoked Italy’s apparent successes in managing the challenges of modernity. First, they aimed to expose faults in their own society: the numbing effects of standardization; the erosion of higher ideals; the failure of government to protect Americans from the ravages of industrialization. Second, they suggested solutions to the United States’ problems: the reform of government to promote expertise in policymaking; and measures to create jobs and support the return to a simpler life. -
Abuse to Acceptance: Cleveland's Italian Community from 1880-1920
Abuse to Acceptance: Cleveland’s Italian Community from 1880-1920 Isabel Robertson Senior Honors Thesis Presented to the Department of History Weinberg College of Arts and Science Northwestern University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Honors Degree in History May 4, 2017 Advisor: Henry Binford Seminar Director: Edward Muir ii Copyright © 2017 by Isabel Robertson iii Contents Abstract iv Acknowledgements v Abbreviations vi Introduction 1 Chapter I: “The foreign population grows by natural increase” 9 Chapter II: “The worst classes that come from Europe” 27 Chapter III: “With the passing of time this condition improves” 43 Conclusion 67 Appendix 71 Bibliography 74 iv Abstract Each successive wave of immigrants to America has faced prejudice founded in fear and uncertainty. Immigrants from Italy were particularly discriminated against in the early years of their arrival, from 1880 through 1920. They faced violence, racial slurs, and media attacks based on an unsubstantiated stereotype of criminality. This project set out to discern how the Italian immigrant community in America, through the case study of the city of Cleveland, evolved from being despised and racialized to being accepted as white Americans. Archival research, historical newspaper articles, and manuscripts such as letters and Americanization pamphlets largely inform the writing, in addition to secondary scholarship and memoirs. The paper lays out first the context in which Italian immigrants came to Cleveland and where in the ethnic fabric they fit, then the negative reputation and stereotyping that the Italian population faced, and finally the Americanization processes of the Italian community in Cleveland. Economic mobility, support from hometown societies, individual community leaders, and the racial dynamics of Italians’ white skin and subsequent discrimination against African Americans each contributed to the evolution of Americanization for Italian immigrants. -
Guidebook Excerpts Evan Balkan.Pdf
Walking Baltimore: An Insider's Guide to 33 Historic Neighborhoods, Waterfront Districts, and Hidden Treasures in Charm City (guidebook covering 33 distinct walks in the city, taking in disparate neighborhoods) excerpt: Entry #10, Little Italy & Jonestown Little Italy & Jonestown / Old Town: Where it All Began BOUNDARIES: E. Fayette St., Aisquith St., Lloyd St., S. Exeter St., Fawn St., N. Front St. DISTANCE: 1.3 miles DIFFICULTY: Moderate PARKING: Street parking along route and public garages in Little Italy (S. Exeter St. & Bank St. and E. Pratt St. before Albemarle St.). PUBLIC TRANSIT: MTA bus #11 stops at Fawn St. and President St.; MTA buses # 7, 10, and 30 run east-west along Pratt St.; the Charm City Circulator Orange runs throughout Old Town and the Green runs through Little Italy; the Shot Tower Metro stop is between President St. and S. Front St. Jonestown is in some respects the place where Baltimore began. The Englishman David Jones built his house on the banks of a stream that would later take his name, the Jones Falls, in 1661. Jones’s house rested on the east side of the Falls. By 1729, the surrounding area was bustling and local inhabitants lobbied the colonial legislature for a charter. The wealthy Carrolls donated sixty acres and Baltimore City received its charter in 1729, naming the city for Cecil Calvert, the 2nd Lord Baltimore and the founder of the Colony of Maryland. The earliest city planners began laying out Baltimore on the west side of Jones’s waterway. By 1732, they began laying out the streets in Jonestown, on the east side.