Alimentary System2

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The Alimentary SystemⅡ 张正洪副教授 Yunyang Medical College Composition Mouth Digestive tube 消化管 Pharynx • oral cavity Esophagus • Pharynx Major salivary glands • Esophagus Duodenum Stomach • Stomach Liver • Small intestine Jejunum Ileum Pancreas Duodenum • Large intestine Digestive glands 消化腺 Large intestine • Major salivary glands唾液腺肝 Jejunum • Liver Ileum • Pancreas 胰 The Stomach 胃 The stomach is a mascular capsule ,and it is the most dilated portion of the alimentary canal,and is situated between the end of the esophagus and the beginning of the small intestine. The Stomach 胃 Shape Two surfaces: anterior and posterior Two curvatures两个弯曲 Lesser curvature 胃小弯 : angular incisure 角切迹 Greater curvature 胃大弯 Two openings Cardia 贲门 Pylorus 幽门 Fundus of Parts of stomach stomach 胃底 Cardiac part 贲门部 Cardiac part 贲门部 Fundus of stomach 胃底胃体 Body Body of stomach of stomach Pyloric part 幽门部胃体 Pyloric antrum 幽门 Pyloric canal 幽门管 Pyloric antrum 幽门窦窦 Pyloric part 幽门部 Pyloric canal 幽门管 Position －Main parts is situated in the left hypochondriac region, small in the epigastric region; the cardia is situated in the left of T11, the pylorus lies in the right of L1 The Small Intestine小肠 It extends from the pylorus to the ileocecal orifice,and it is About 5- Duodenum 7m long. Be divided into Duodenum 十二指肠 Ileum Jejunum Jejunum 空肠 Ileum回肠 Duodenum十二指肠 It is the shortest,widest and most fixed part of the small intestine,and is about 20-25cm long. Position and shape It lies on the posterior abdominal wall (L1- L3) ,and likes a C-shape which enclose the head of the pancreas Four parts Superior part Duodenal bulb 十二指肠球 Descending part Longitudinal fold of duodenum Major duodenal papilla 十二指肠大乳头 Horizontal part Ascending part duodenojejunal flexure 十二指肠空肠曲 Suspensory muscle of duodenum十二指肠悬肌 (ligament of Treitz) Jejunum and ileum 空肠和回肠 The upper 2/5 of this part of small intestine is called jejunum and the lower 3/5,ileum..

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On the Rat Gastric Motility
The Japanese Journal of Physiology 16, pp.497-508, 1966 ON THE RAT GASTRIC MOTILITY Takesi HUKUHARA AND Toshiaki NEYA Department of Physiology, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama From the results obtained in the experiments carried out on the automa- ticity of the motility of dogs small intestine, HUKUHARA, NAKAYAMA and FU- KUDA8) concluded that the origin of the intestinal motility was of neurogenic nature, that is, rhythmic contractions of the small intestine were maintained by acetylcholine which was spontaneously released from the intramural ganglion cells, including not only their cell bodies, but also their axons. This hypothesis is naturally expected to be applied to the gastric motility. Taking these facts and hypothesis into consideration, a series of experiments has been performed on the gastric motility. The experimental results here reported are concerned with the problems: the localization and specificity of the pacemaker, the difference of behavior of different regions of the stomach and the mechanism underlying these phenomena. As for the gastric peristalsis, the results obtained by investigators until 1924 were summarized by MCCREA et al.14) Since then there could be found only a few literatures4,6,10,11) related with the problems concerned. METHODS In order to observe the movement of the rat stomach in vivo, the well-fed animals weighing from 80 to 200 g were anesthetized with the intraperitoneal administration of 50 mg/kg pentobarbital sodium (Nembutal, ABBOT). It was characteristic that the movement of the rat stomach was not impaired despite administering such a large dose of the drug as described above. The animal was then set in supine position to the frames installed in the internal space of the double-walled trough, the lumen of the wall being irrigated with water appropriately warmed to keep the temperature of the space at about 37•Ž.
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Ta2, Part Iii
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