DOCSLIB.ORG

Morphology and Mucin Histochemistry of the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Three Insectivorous Mammals: Acomys Spinosissimus, Crocidura Cyanea and Amblysomus Hottentotus

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Morphology and Mucin Histochemistry of the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Three Insectivorous Mammals: Acomys Spinosissimus, Crocidura Cyanea and Amblysomus Hottentotus Morphology and Mucin Histochemistry of the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Three Insectivorous Mammals: Acomys spinosissimus, Crocidura cyanea and Amblysomus hottentotus by Julia Boonzaier Thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medical Science in the Faculty of Health Sciences at Stellenbosch University. Supervisor: Dr. Sanet H. Kotzé Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Stellenbosch Co-supervisor: Dr. Elizabeth L. van der Merwe Department of Human Biology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town March 2012 Page | I Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za DECLARATION By submitting this thesis electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the sole author thereof, that reproduction and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. Date: 08 December 2011 Copyright © 2012 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved Page | II Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za ABSTRACT The gastrointestinal morphology and the distribution of the different types of mucin secreting goblet cells were investigated in three mammalian insectivorous species, namely A. spinosissimus, C. cyanea and A. hottentotus. The aim of the study was to provide a comprehensive morphological comparison between the different species. Another aim was to illustrate and compare the distribution of mucins (neutral, sulfo- and sialomucins) in the gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) of these species, in order to better understand the quality of the biofilm in the GIT. Mucins secreted onto the surface of the GIT have an effect on the colonisation of microflora in the mucosal layer, constructing a biofilm which protects the GIT surface from opportunistic pathogens. The shape, proportional length, and proportional surface areas of the different gastrointestinal regions were recorded and compared in the three species. Histochemical staining methods were used to detect and to distinguish between neutral, sulfo- and sialomucins. The number of goblet cells in the GIT containing each of the above mucins in the epithelium lining the surface or crypts was quantified, and the data expressed as the number of neutral, sulfo- or sialomucin containing goblet cells per mm2 of the surface or crypt epithelium. In all three species the stomach was uncompartmentalised. The internal aspect of the stomach in A. spinosissimus was hemi-glandular, containing stratified squamous epithelium in the fundus, with glandular epithelium in the body and pyloric region. However, C. cyanea and A. hottentotus had wholly glandular stomachs. A. spinosissimus was the only species studied that had a caecum which demonstrated transverse mucosal folds and V-shaped mucosal folds in the proximal colon. Both C. cyanea and A. hottentotus had villi up to the distal part of the GIT. Longitudinal mucosal folds were present in the distal colon. The GITs of both C. cyanea and A. hottentotus showed little morphological differentiation namely a simple, glandular stomach and the lack of a caecum. Mixed (neutral and acid) mucins and mixed acid (sulfo- and sialomucins) mucin secreting goblet cells were prominent mucin cell types in all three mammalian insectivorous species. Despite these general similarities, marked differences were observed in the qualitative expression and distribution of the three types of mucins throughout the GIT. The overall similarity between the three insectivores and other distantly related mammalian species suggests that mixed mucin secreting goblet cell types are prominent contributors to the Page | III Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za maintenance of the intestinal biofilm in the majority of mammals, irrespective of their diet or taxonomy. Page | IV Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za OPSOMMING Die bestudering van die morfologie van die spysverteringskanaal (SVK) en die verspreiding van die verskillende musien produserende bekerselle was in drie insek- etende soogdier spesies uitgevoer, naamlik in A. spinosissimus, C. cyanea en A. hottentotus. Die doel van die studie was om „n omvattende morfologiese vergelyking te maak tussen die drie spesies, sowel as om die verspreiding van die verskillende musiene te beskryf in die SVK. Kennis van die verspreiding van die verskillende tipes musiene (neutral, sulfaat en nie-sulfaat bevattende musiene) kan moontlik inligting verskaf aangaande die kwaliteit van die biofilm in the SVK. Die laasgenoemde musiene wat gesekreteer word op die oppervlak van die SVK, bepaal die kolonisasie van die mikroflora in die mukosale laag wat „n biofilm vorm en die SVK beskerm teen patogene. Die vorm, proportionele lengte en proportionele oppervlaks areas van die verskillende SVK gebiede is opgeteken, waarna dit vergelyk is tussen die drie insektivore spesies. Histochemiese kleurings tegnieke is gebruik om die musiene waar te neem en om te onderskei tussen die neutraal, sulfaat en nie-sulfaat bevattende musiene. Die aantal beker selle wat elk van die bogenoemde musiene bevat het, is getel in die oppervlaks epiteel- en kript areas van die SVK. Hierdie data is weergegee as die aantal neutraal, sulfaat en nie- sulfaat bevattende beker selle per oppervlaks epiteel- of kript area (mm2). Die vorm van die maag in al drie spesies was eenvoudig en nie gekompartementaliseer nie. Die interne aspek van die maag in A. spinosissimus het meerlagige plaveisel epiteel in die fundus gehad en klieragtige epiteel in die liggaam en pilorus gedeeltes. Daarbenewens het C. cyanea en A. hottentotus slegs klieragtige epiteel in die maag gehad. A. spinosissimus was die enigste spesie in hierdie studie wat „n sekum gehad het met dwars voue, asook V-vormige mukosale voue in die proksimale kolon. Beide C. cyanea en A. hottentotus het villi tot in die distale gedeelte van die SVK gehad. Longitudinale mukosale voue was teenwoordig in die distale gedeelte van die kolon. Die SVK van beide C. cyanea en A. hottentotus het min morfologiese differensiasie getoon deurdat die spesies „n eenvoudige, klieragtige maag gehad het en geen sekum nie. Gemenge (neutral en suur) musiene asook gemengde suur (sulfaat en nie-sulfaat bevattende) musiene was die dominante musien tipes in the SVK van al drie insek-etende soogdier spesies. Ten spyte van die algemene ooreenkomste, was daar merkwaardige verskille in die getalle en verspreiding van die verskillende musiene in die SVK. Die algemene ooreenkomste tussen die drie insektivore soogdier spesies met soogdiere van Page | V Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za ander families, stel voor dat die gemende musien sekreterende beker selle „n prominente bydrae maak tot die onderhoud van die biofilm in the SVK in die meerderheid van soogdiere, ongeag van hul dieet of spesie klassifikasie. Page | VI Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za AKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report would not have been possible without the essential and gracious support of many individuals. A special thanks to my supervisors, Dr. S. H. Kotzé and Dr. E. L. van der Merwe for all their effort and support during the writing of this document. Your patience, kindness, as well as your academic experience has been invaluable to me. I would like to thank Prof. Nigel Bennett for donating the specimens that were used in this study to the Division of Anatomy and Histology. Thank you for all your time and effort in the capturing of the animals and ensuring that the specimens were handled correctly. I am extremely grateful to Prof. Martin Kidd for the statistical analysis of all the data, and also for assistance in the interpretation and understanding thereof. Thank you to Mr Reggie Williams and Miss Zandré Fourie, at the University of Stellenbosch and Morea Petersen at the University of Cape Town for technical support with the histochemical techniques. Thank you to the Division of Anatomy and Histology (Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences), and the University of Stellenbosch for financial assistance and for the opportunity to attend the ASSA conference. Thank you to the Harry Crossley Foundation for funding this project. Without this financial support this project would not have been possible. I would also like to acknowledge the following authors for the use of their photographs and illustrations in my thesis: Mills & Hess (1997); Stevens & Hume (1998); Shirazi et al. (2000); Kierszenbaum (2002); Young et al. (2006); Brockhausen et al. (2009) and McGuckin et al. (2009). I am grateful to my surrogate family (Frik Fourie, Erika Fourie, Elmarie Fourie), Pieter Fourie, and all of my friends and everyone at Anatomy and Histology for their help and moral support. I would especially like to thank Elsje-Marie Geldenhuys, Mandi Alblas and Linda Greyling for their support. Finally, I am forever indebted to my parents for their understanding, endless patience and encouragement when it was most required. Page | VII Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ..................................................................................................................... II ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................... III OPSOMMING ......................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • On the Rat Gastric Motility
    The Japanese Journal of Physiology 16, pp.497-508, 1966 ON THE RAT GASTRIC MOTILITY Takesi HUKUHARA AND Toshiaki NEYA Department of Physiology, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama From the results obtained in the experiments carried out on the automa- ticity of the motility of dogs small intestine, HUKUHARA, NAKAYAMA and FU- KUDA8) concluded that the origin of the intestinal motility was of neurogenic nature, that is, rhythmic contractions of the small intestine were maintained by acetylcholine which was spontaneously released from the intramural ganglion cells, including not only their cell bodies, but also their axons. This hypothesis is naturally expected to be applied to the gastric motility. Taking these facts and hypothesis into consideration, a series of experiments has been performed on the gastric motility. The experimental results here reported are concerned with the problems: the localization and specificity of the pacemaker, the difference of behavior of different regions of the stomach and the mechanism underlying these phenomena. As for the gastric peristalsis, the results obtained by investigators until 1924 were summarized by MCCREA et al.14) Since then there could be found only a few literatures4,6,10,11) related with the problems concerned. METHODS In order to observe the movement of the rat stomach in vivo, the well-fed animals weighing from 80 to 200 g were anesthetized with the intraperitoneal administration of 50 mg/kg pentobarbital sodium (Nembutal, ABBOT). It was characteristic that the movement of the rat stomach was not impaired despite administering such a large dose of the drug as described above. The animal was then set in supine position to the frames installed in the internal space of the double-walled trough, the lumen of the wall being irrigated with water appropriately warmed to keep the temperature of the space at about 37•Ž.
    [Show full text]
  • Zeitschrift Für Säugetierkunde)
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Mammalian Biology (früher Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde) Jahr/Year: 1990 Band/Volume: 55 Autor(en)/Author(s): Bronner G., Jones Elizabeth, Coetzer D. Artikel/Article: Hyoid-dentary articulations in golden moles (Mammalia: Insectivora; Chrysochloridae) 11-15 © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/ Z. Säugetierkunde 55 (1990) 11-15 © 1990 Verlag Paul Parey, Hamburg und Berlin ISSN 0044-3468 Hyoid-dentary articulations in golden moles (Mammalia: Insectivora; Chrysochloridae) By G. Bronner, Elizabeth Jones and D. J. Coetzer Department of Mammals, Transvaal Museum, and Department of Anatomy, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa Receipt of Ms. 14. 4. 1988 Abstract Studied the general structure, topography and possible functions of the hyoid region in nine golden mole species. Unusual in-situ articulations between the enlarged stylohyal bones, and the dentaries, were found in all specimens examined. Osteological evidence suggests that hyoid-dentary articulation is an unique anatomical feature characteristic of all chrysochlorids. Its apparent functions are to enhance manipulatory action of, and support for, the tongue during prey handling and mastication, but this remains to be confirmed. Introduction Hyoid-mandible articulations occur in some osteichthyian fishes (de Beer 1937; Hilde- brand 1974), but have never been recorded in higher vertebrates. Improved museum preservation techniques recently enabled us to detect conspicuous articulation between the large stylohyal bone and the dentary in the Hottentot golden mole Amblysomus hotten- totus (A. Smith, 1829). Further investigation revealed that hyoid-dentary articulation (Fig. 1) in situ is an unique characteristic of all chrysochlorids.
    [Show full text]
  • Esophagus and Stomach
    anatomy Mohammad Almuhtaseb Majdoleen Hamed Bayan Zaben Esophagus The esophagus is a tubular structure (muscular, collapsible tube) about 10 in. (25 cm) long that is continuous above with the laryngeal part of the pharynx opposite the sixth cervical vertebra. .In general, the esophagus starts at the lower border of cricoid cartilage and ends at the cardia of the stomach. The esophagus conducts food from the pharynx into the stomach. Wavelike contractions of the muscular coat, called peristalsis, propel the food onward. It passes through the diaphragm by an opening called ESOPHAGEAL HIATUS (orifice) at the level of the 10th thoracic vertebra to join the stomach. In the neck, the esophagus lies in front of the vertebral column; laterally, it is related to the lobes of the thyroid gland; and anteriorly, it is in contact with the trachea and the recurrent laryngeal nerve. In the thorax, it passes downward and to the left through the superior and then the posterior mediastinum. At the level of the sternal angle, the aortic arch pushes the esophagus over to the midline. The relations of the thoracic part of the esophagus: 1-Anteriorly: The trachea and the left recurrent laryngeal nerve; the left principal bronchus, which constricts it (that’s mean any foreign body enters the esophagus will lodge in one of the 4 sites→At the beginning, left main bronchus, arch of the aorta, piercing of diaphragm) ; and the pericardium, which separates the esophagus from the left atrium. 2-Posteriorly: The bodies of the thoracic vertebrae; the thoracic duct; the azygos veins; the right posterior intercostal arteries; and, at its lower end, the descending thoracic aorta.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphological Diversity in Tenrecs (Afrosoricida, Tenrecidae)
    Morphological diversity in tenrecs (Afrosoricida, Tenrecidae): comparing tenrec skull diversity to their closest relatives Sive Finlay and Natalie Cooper School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland Trinity Centre for Biodiversity Research, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland ABSTRACT It is important to quantify patterns of morphological diversity to enhance our un- derstanding of variation in ecological and evolutionary traits. Here, we present a quantitative analysis of morphological diversity in a family of small mammals, the tenrecs (Afrosoricida, Tenrecidae). Tenrecs are often cited as an example of an ex- ceptionally morphologically diverse group. However, this assumption has not been tested quantitatively. We use geometric morphometric analyses of skull shape to test whether tenrecs are more morphologically diverse than their closest relatives, the golden moles (Afrosoricida, Chrysochloridae). Tenrecs occupy a wider range of ecological niches than golden moles so we predict that they will be more morpho- logically diverse. Contrary to our expectations, we find that tenrec skulls are only more morphologically diverse than golden moles when measured in lateral view. Furthermore, similarities among the species-rich Microgale tenrec genus appear to mask higher morphological diversity in the rest of the family. These results reveal new insights into the morphological diversity of tenrecs and highlight the impor- tance of using quantitative methods to test qualitative assumptions about patterns of morphological diversity. Submitted 29 January 2015 Subjects Evolutionary Studies, Zoology Accepted 13 April 2015 Keywords Golden moles, Geometric morphometrics, Disparity, Morphology Published 30 April 2015 Corresponding author Natalie Cooper, [email protected] INTRODUCTION Academic editor Analysing patterns of morphological diversity (the variation in physical form Foote, Laura Wilson 1997) has important implications for our understanding of ecological and evolutionary Additional Information and traits.
    [Show full text]
  • Miombo Ecoregion Vision Report
    MIOMBO ECOREGION VISION REPORT Jonathan Timberlake & Emmanuel Chidumayo December 2001 (published 2011) Occasional Publications in Biodiversity No. 20 WWF - SARPO MIOMBO ECOREGION VISION REPORT 2001 (revised August 2011) by Jonathan Timberlake & Emmanuel Chidumayo Occasional Publications in Biodiversity No. 20 Biodiversity Foundation for Africa P.O. Box FM730, Famona, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe PREFACE The Miombo Ecoregion Vision Report was commissioned in 2001 by the Southern Africa Regional Programme Office of the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF SARPO). It represented the culmination of an ecoregion reconnaissance process led by Bruce Byers (see Byers 2001a, 2001b), followed by an ecoregion-scale mapping process of taxa and areas of interest or importance for various ecological and bio-physical parameters. The report was then used as a basis for more detailed discussions during a series of national workshops held across the region in the early part of 2002. The main purpose of the reconnaissance and visioning process was to initially outline the bio-physical extent and properties of the so-called Miombo Ecoregion (in practice, a collection of smaller previously described ecoregions), to identify the main areas of potential conservation interest and to identify appropriate activities and areas for conservation action. The outline and some features of the Miombo Ecoregion (later termed the Miombo– Mopane Ecoregion by Conservation International, or the Miombo–Mopane Woodlands and Grasslands) are often mentioned (e.g. Burgess et al. 2004). However, apart from two booklets (WWF SARPO 2001, 2003), few details or justifications are publically available, although a modified outline can be found in Frost, Timberlake & Chidumayo (2002). Over the years numerous requests have been made to use and refer to the original document and maps, which had only very restricted distribution.
    [Show full text]
  • The Terrestrial Mammals of Mozambique: Integrating Dispersed Biodiversity Data
    Bothalia - African Biodiversity & Conservation ISSN: (Online) 2311-9284, (Print) 0006-8241 Page 1 of 23 Original Research The terrestrial mammals of Mozambique: Integrating dispersed biodiversity data Authors: Background: The most comprehensive synopsis of the mammal fauna of Mozambique was 1,2,3 Isabel Q. Neves published in 1976, listing 190 species of terrestrial mammals. Up-to-date knowledge of the Maria da Luz Mathias2,3 Cristiane Bastos-Silveira1 country’s biodiversity is crucial to establish the baseline information needed for conservation and management actions. Affiliations: 1Museu Nacional de História Objectives: The aim of this article was to present a list of terrestrial mammal species reported Natural e da Ciência, from Mozambique, based on primary occurrence data. Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal Method: We integrated existing knowledge, from dispersed sources of biodiversity data: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility portal, natural history collections, survey reports and 2Departamento de Biologia literature. Data were updated and manually curated. However, none of the specimens upon Animal, Faculdade de which occurrences are based was directly observed. To partly overcome this impediment, we Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal developed a species selection process for specimen data. This process produced the country’s species checklist and an additional list of species with questionable occurrence in the country. 3Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Results: From the digital and non-digital sources, we compiled more than 17 000 records. The Faculdade de Ciências da data integrated resulted in a total of 217 mammal species (representing 14 orders, 39 families Universidade de Lisboa, and 133 genera) with supported occurrence in Mozambique and 23 species with questionable Portugal reported occurrence in the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 15 the Mammals of Angola
    Chapter 15 The Mammals of Angola Pedro Beja, Pedro Vaz Pinto, Luís Veríssimo, Elena Bersacola, Ezequiel Fabiano, Jorge M. Palmeirim, Ara Monadjem, Pedro Monterroso, Magdalena S. Svensson, and Peter John Taylor Abstract Scientific investigations on the mammals of Angola started over 150 years ago, but information remains scarce and scattered, with only one recent published account. Here we provide a synthesis of the mammals of Angola based on a thorough survey of primary and grey literature, as well as recent unpublished records. We present a short history of mammal research, and provide brief information on each species known to occur in the country. Particular attention is given to endemic and near endemic species. We also provide a zoogeographic outline and information on the conservation of Angolan mammals. We found confirmed records for 291 native species, most of which from the orders Rodentia (85), Chiroptera (73), Carnivora (39), and Cetartiodactyla (33). There is a large number of endemic and near endemic species, most of which are rodents or bats. The large diversity of species is favoured by the wide P. Beja (*) CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal CEABN-InBio, Centro de Ecologia Aplicada “Professor Baeta Neves”, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal e-mail: [email protected] P. Vaz Pinto Fundação Kissama, Luanda, Angola CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal e-mail: [email protected] L. Veríssimo Fundação Kissama, Luanda, Angola e-mail: [email protected] E.
    [Show full text]
  • Zimbabwe Zambia Malawi Species Checklist Africa Vegetation Map
    ZIMBABWE ZAMBIA MALAWI SPECIES CHECKLIST AFRICA VEGETATION MAP BIOMES DeserT (Namib; Sahara; Danakil) Semi-deserT (Karoo; Sahel; Chalbi) Arid SAvannah (Kalahari; Masai Steppe; Ogaden) Grassland (Highveld; Abyssinian) SEYCHELLES Mediterranean SCruB / Fynbos East AFrican Coastal FOrest & SCruB DrY Woodland (including Mopane) Moist woodland (including Miombo) Tropical Rainforest (Congo Basin; upper Guinea) AFrO-Montane FOrest & Grassland (Drakensberg; Nyika; Albertine rift; Abyssinian Highlands) Granitic Indian Ocean IslandS (Seychelles) INTRODUCTION The idea of this booklet is to enable you, as a Wilderness guest, to keep a detailed record of the mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians that you observe during your travels. It also serves as a compact record of your African journey for future reference that hopefully sparks interest in other wildlife spheres when you return home or when travelling elsewhere on our fragile planet. Although always exciting to see, especially for the first-time Africa visitor, once you move beyond the cliché of the ‘Big Five’ you will soon realise that our wilderness areas offer much more than certain flagship animal species. Africa’s large mammals are certainly a big attraction that one never tires of, but it’s often the smaller mammals, diverse birdlife and incredible reptiles that draw one back again and again for another unparalleled visit. Seeing a breeding herd of elephant for instance will always be special but there is a certain thrill in seeing a Lichtenstein’s hartebeest, cheetah or a Lilian’s lovebird – to name but a few. As a globally discerning traveller, look beyond the obvious, and challenge yourself to learn as much about all wildlife aspects and the ecosystems through which you will travel on your safari.
    [Show full text]
  • Case Report High Fever As an Initial Symptom of Primary Gastric Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor in an Adult Woman
    Int J Clin Exp Med 2014;7(5):1468-1473 www.ijcem.com /ISSN:1940-5901/IJCEM0000684 Case Report High fever as an initial symptom of primary gastric inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in an adult woman Jiang-Feng Qiu, Yi-Jiu Shi, Lei Fang, Hui-Fang Wang, Mou-Cheng Zhang Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, China Received March 29, 2014; Accepted May 9, 2014; Epub May 15, 2014; Published May 30, 2014 Abstract: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, also known as inflammatory pseudotumor, plasma cell granuloma or inflammatory myofibroblastoma, is characterized histopathologically by myofibroblastic spindle cells with inflamma- tory cell infiltrates composed of plasma cells, lymphocytes and eosinophils. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is typically seen in children or young adults and is most commonly localized to the lungs, but it can occur anywhere in the body. To date, however, only a few cases involving the stomach have been reported. Herein, we present a case of gastric inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in an adult woman with an initial symptom of high fever. Keywords: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, stomach, inflammatory pseudotumor, high fever, surgery Introduction tenderness. Routine blood tests revealed mi- crocytic hypochromic anemia with a hemoglo- Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is an bin level of 10.8 g/dl and a hematocrit of 34.3%. uncommon mesenchymal neoplasm occurring Repeated blood cultures came up negative for mainly in children and young adults. IMT was the presence of bacteria or fungus. Radio- first described in the lung, but has since been logically, chest X-rays were normal, but con- observed in a wide variety of extrapulmonary trast-enhanced abdominal computed tomogra- sites such as the liver, urinary bladder, mesen- phy (CT) showed a 3.0 × 3.0 cm low-density tery, retroperitoneum, omentum and central mass located on the lesser curvature of the nervous system [1].
    [Show full text]
  • How Can Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Help Me Make a Diagnosis in Dogs and Cats? Part 1
    26 SURGERY VP SEPTEMBER 2017 How can upper gastrointestinal endoscopy help me make a diagnosis in dogs and cats? Part 1 DISEASE OF THE UPPER of all dogs and cats using a gastroscope Rugal folds can be used to guide GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT with an insertion tube diameter of you through the stomach as they run is common in small animal practice up to 10mm. The critical factor is the length of the stomach and not and flexible endoscopy can provide the ability to pass the gastroscope transversely. So, if you want to reach a powerful diagnostic tool in the through the pylorus and intubate the the pylorus, in general follow the rugal investigation of such cases. duodenum. folds. The problem facing the clinician is Most endoscopists will freely admit The angular incisure marks the the range in size of patients which may that this is the most difficult procedure entrance to the antral canal, appearing require endoscopic investigation; from to carry out, even with the best as a sharp fold on the lesser curvature. small cats and dogs to giant breeds equipment available. The procedure It is also where carcinoma of the such as the Great Dane. This variation can, though, be made much more canine stomach is most often detected. in size creates difficult if a To ensure that the important real challenges large diameter landmarks you are looking for are JAMES W. SIMPSON Figure 2. Normal anatomy of the in being able insertion tube always in the same place as you enter feline and canine stomach. to physically provides some tips on is used.
    [Show full text]
  • BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN, Nr
    © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.zobodat.at THE SHREWS OF NIGERIA (MAMMALIA: SORICIDAE) by R. HUTTERER and D. C. D. HAPPOLD "luS. COMP. ZOOL L/PPARY MAY 26 1PR3 HAR VARD UNIVERSITY BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN, Nr. 18 1983 Herausgeber: ZOOLOGISCHES FORSCHUNGSINSTITUT UND MUSEUM ALEXANDER KOENIG BONN © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.zobodat.at BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN Die Serie wird vom Zoologischen Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig herausgegeben und bringt Originalarbeiten, die für eine Unterbringung in den ,, Bonner Zoologischen Beiträgen" zu lang sind und eine Veröffentlichung als Monographie rechtfertigen. Anfragen bezüglich der Vorlage von Manuskripten und Bestellungen sind an die Schriftleitung zu richten. This series of monographs, published by the Zoological Research Institute and Museum Alexander Koenig, has been established for original contributions too long for inclusion in ,, Bonner Zoologische Beiträge". Correspondence concerning manuscripts for publication and purchase orders should be addressed to the editor. L' Institut de Recherches Zoologiques et Museum Alexander Koenig a etabli cette serie de monographies pour pouvoir publier des travaux zoologiques trop longs pour etre inclus dans les ,, Bonner Zoologische Beiträge". Toute correspondance concernant des manuscrits pour cette serie ou des commandes doivent etre adressees ä l'editeur. BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN, Nr. 18, 1983 Preis 15,— DM Schriftleitung/Editor: G. Rheinwald Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig Adenauerallee 150—164, 5300 Bonn, Germany Druck: Rheinischer Landwirtschafts-Verlag G.m.b.H., Bonn ISSN 0302 — 67 IX © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.zobodat.at THE SHREWS OF NIGERIA (MAMMALIA: SORICIDAE) R.
    [Show full text]
  • SPLANCHNOLOGY Part I. Digestive System (Пищеварительная Система)
    КАЗАНСКИЙ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ ИНСТИТУТ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНОЙ МЕДИЦИНЫ И БИОЛОГИИ Кафедра морфологии и общей патологии А.А. Гумерова, С.Р. Абдулхаков, А.П. Киясов, Д.И. Андреева SPLANCHNOLOGY Part I. Digestive system (Пищеварительная система) Учебно-методическое пособие на английском языке Казань – 2015 УДК 611.71 ББК 28.706 Принято на заседании кафедры морфологии и общей патологии Протокол № 9 от 18 апреля 2015 года Рецензенты: кандидат медицинских наук, доцент каф. топографической анатомии и оперативной хирургии КГМУ С.А. Обыдённов; кандидат медицинских наук, доцент каф. топографической анатомии и оперативной хирургии КГМУ Ф.Г. Биккинеев Гумерова А.А., Абдулхаков С.Р., Киясов А.П., Андреева Д.И. SPLANCHNOLOGY. Part I. Digestive system / А.А. Гумерова, С.Р. Абдулхаков, А.П. Киясов, Д.И. Андреева. – Казань: Казан. ун-т, 2015. – 53 с. Учебно-методическое пособие адресовано студентам первого курса медицинских специальностей, проходящим обучение на английском языке, для самостоятельного изучения нормальной анатомии человека. Пособие посвящено Спланхнологии (науке о внутренних органах). В данной первой части пособия рассматривается анатомическое строение и функции системы в целом и отдельных органов, таких как полость рта, пищевод, желудок, тонкий и толстый кишечник, железы пищеварительной системы, а также расположение органов в брюшной полости и их взаимоотношения с брюшиной. Учебно-методическое пособие содержит в себе необходимые термины и объём информации, достаточный для сдачи модуля по данному разделу. © Гумерова А.А., Абдулхаков С.Р., Киясов А.П., Андреева Д.И., 2015 © Казанский университет, 2015 2 THE ALIMENTARY SYSTEM (systema alimentarium/digestorium) The alimentary system is a complex of organs with the function of mechanical and chemical treatment of food, absorption of the treated nutrients, and excretion of undigested remnants.
    [Show full text]