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Ithikkara River.Pdf KBA Profile: Ithikkara River National Site Name Ithikkara River English Name KBA delineation Catchment Focal area delineation No The Ithikkara River is a small river draing the relatively low elevation Kulathhoopuzha hills Kulathhoopuzha Hills, in the southern Western Ghats in Kerala. The catchment is impacted by sand mining and is almost entirely converted to plantations, agriculture and urban areas, though Site description there are some remianing areas of riparian forest. The river empties into the brackish Paravur Lake before reaching the Arabian Sea. In additon to containing a number of threatend freshwater fishes, the KBA also supports an endemic species of freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium madhusoodani, DD) which is found in the lower reaches of the river. Management required at Yes catchment scale Management required at focal No - the endmic species of shrimp requires catchment management area within catchment KBA Trigger Species Group Species Criterion1 Criterion2 Criterion3 Notes Hyporhamphus Fishes VU 8414.933908 NA xanthopterus Monopterus Fishes EN 18181.75102 NA fossorius Pseudosphromenus Fishes VU 16673.51639 NA dayi Fishes Puntius mahecola NA 16651.9995 NA Paludomus Molluscs NA 4088.831686 NA annandalei Paludomus Molluscs NA 13988.01477 NA sulcatus Odonata Epithemis mariae NA 32143.88717 NA Anaphalis Plants VU NA NA beddomei Dimeria Plants EN NA NA hohenackeri Farmeria Plants VU NA NA metzgerioides Macrobrachium Shrimps NA 629.8519085 715 Endemic to KBA madhusoodani New record for restricted rangee species (only other Shrimps Caridina jalihali NA NA NA record from type locality near Chennai). Will qualify as restricted range (Criterion 2). Anaphalis Plants VU NA NA leptophylla Anaphalis Plants VU NA NA wightiana Protected Areas Overlap with KBA Name Designation Desig. Type Status PA Management Focus Shendurney Sanctuary National Designated No freshwater biodiversity management Western Ghats World Heritage Site International Inscribed No freshwater biodiversity management Potential KBA Stakeholders* Kerala State Biodiversity Board River Research Center SN College, Kollam Fatima Matha National College, Kollam Department of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, University of Kerala M G College, Thiruvananthapuram Zoological Survey of India, Western Ghats Regional Centre KBA Freshwater Habitats 5.1 Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks(includes waterfalls) 5.4 Bogs Marshes Swamps Fens Peatlands[generally over 8ha] 5.7 Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools(under 8ha) 5.8 Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Marshes/Pools(under 8ha) 5.14 Permanent Saline Brackish or Alkaline Lakes 5.16 Permanent Saline Brackish or Alkaline Marshes/Pools 9.10 Estuaries Threats to KBA Threats (IUCN Classification Notes Scheme) 1.1 Housing & urban areas 1.2 Commercial & industrial areas 2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber Including oil palm plantations crops Sand mining from river. Clay mining in the lower catchment, and granite quarrying in the 3.2 Mining & quarrying upper catchment. 7.2 Dams & water management/use Water extraction for drinking (Anchal) 7.3 Other ecosystem modifications Water diversion from the river to artificial fish aquaculture ponds 9.1 Domestic & urban waste water 9.2 Industrial & military effluents 9.3 Agricultural & forestry effluents 9.4 Garbage & solid waste Conservation actions for KBA Conservation actions In (IUCN Classification Needed Notes place Scheme) 1.2 Resource & habitat Yes Protection of shrimp habitats from sand and clay mining protection 2.1 Site/area management Yes Catchment management Research into the endemic shrimp Macrobrachium madhusoodani, and 3.1 Species management Yes Caridina jalihali which is only known from this KBA and another location near Chennai. 4.1 Formal education Yes Local Panchayats, plantation owners 4.2 Training Yes Clay and sand mining companies 4.3 Awareness & Yes All stakeholders communications 5.3 Private sector standards Yes Sand, Clay and Granite mining, and plantations & codes 5.4 Compliance and Implementation of Wetland (Conservation and Management) Act 2010 & Yes enforcement Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974. Food Security Used for food security Score Notes 1. Subsistence Optional/alternative 2 Essential staple 2 Emergency 0 2. Commercial Local 2 Regional 1 National 0 3.Migrant fishers 1 Notes Mostly fish Other Other biodiversity Protected areas overview 1. Jayachandran, K.V. 2001. Palaemonid prawns - biodiveristy, taxonomy, biology and management. Science Publishers Inc., USA. 2. Jayachandran, K.V., Thomas, T. and Raji, A.V. 2008. Caridinian shrimp resources of Kerala waters. Proceedings of Indian National Science Academy. 74(2):47-50. References 3. River Research Centre. 2013. Report on Monitoring of Fish Diversity of Rivers in Kerala. Kerala State Biodiversity Board, Thiruvananthapuram. 98 pp. 4. Unnikrishan,V., Pillai, P.M. and Jayachandran, K.V. 2011. Macrobrachium madhusoodani sp. nov. (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) from Ithikkara River, Kerala, India. Crustaceana 84: 123-124. Ali, A., Amitha Bachan, K.H., Anatha, L., Dahanukar, N., Jayachandran, K.V., Molur, S., Nameer, P.O., Acknowledgments Raghavan, R., Subbramanian, K.A., Rehel, S.M. and Vinod, T.R. * Potential KBA stakeholders have not been contacted in any official capacity nor have they endorsed the KBA – they are a list of potential stakeholders to inform any organisation or individual who may want to undertake conservation activities on freshwater biodiversity in this KBA .
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