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Pangea Infos Juin 2021 N°33 Pangea Infos Juin 2021 RÉPUBLIQUE DÉMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO : le volcan Nyiragongo lors de l’éruption de la nuit du 22 au 23 mai dernier. En deuxième plan, les lumières de la ville Goma sur les rives du lac Kivu - Photo Mugisho Mwamba, transmise par Wazi Nandefo (Université Officielle de Bukavu) Edito Le Comité de Rédaction de Pangea Infos s’élargit avec l’arrivée de notre collègue Emmanuel Kouadio, Maître de Conférences à l’Université Félix Houphouët Boigny d’Abidjan. Il apporte une compétence en hydrogéologie, domaine des géosciences fondamental en Afrique. Le Comité Français d’Hydrogéologie devient partenaire de la Lettre Pangea Infos. Par ailleurs, ceux qui ne l’ont pas encore fait peuvent maintenant s’inscrire directement sur la liste de diffusion de la Lettre en faisant la demande sur le site de la Société Géologique de France : https://www.geosoc.fr/international-sgf.html Concours Photo Il est encore temps de participer au concours Photo de Pangea-Infos Les auteurs des 3 meilleures photos gagneront un abonnement Duo/SGF de 2 années donnant un accès gratuit en ligne aux numéros des revues Géologues et Géochronique. Les photos doivent concerner un aspect de la géologie africaine ou des activités des géologues en Afrique dans le domaine académique ou de la géologie appliquée sans limite de date (scènes du passé ou actuelles) ou d’échelle (bassin, affleurement, lame mince). Chacun peut soumettre une photo, accompagnée d’une légende qui définit le lieu et le contexte géologique. Les photos doivent être envoyées en format numérique à l’adresse [email protected] Actualités NYIRAGONGO - RDC : les laves descendues des flancs du volcan ont atteint les faubourgs de la ville de Goma dans la nuit du 22 au 23 mai, provoquant la destructions d’habitations, des évacuations de population et faisant malheureusement des victimes (voir Dossier dans cette lettre) https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2021/05/22/rdc-le-volcan-nyiragongo-est- entre-en-eruption-la-population-fuit-goma_6081171_3212.html UNESCO : la recommandation « Open Science » a été adoptée et sera soumise à l’adoption finale par la Conférence Générale de l’UNESCO en novembre prochain. Ce texte représentera le premier cadre global sur le sujet. https://en.unesco.org/news/draft-recommendation-open-science-its-way-final-adoption CNRS : le président directeur général du CNRS, Antoine Petit, annonce que « l’Afrique sera un acteur important des années à venir au niveau scientifique ». https://www.cnrs.fr/fr/cnrsinfo/lafrique-un-partenaire-davenir-pour-le-cnrs INSU - FORMATION DES GISEMENTS MÉTALLIQUES : à partir de travaux de simulation en laboratoire de la pyrite en autoclave, une équipe de recherche a pu estimer que les durées de événements minéralisateurs étaient beaucoup plus courts que ce que l’on pensait, aux températures hydrothermales typiques (300-500°C). https://www.insu.cnrs.fr/fr/cnrsinfo/la- duree-de-formation-des-gisements-metalliques MIX ÉNERGÉTIQUE 2020 : selon l’Agence internationale de l’Énergie, la part des renouvelables dans la génération d’électricité a augmenté de 45% en 2020. La demande d’énergie devrait augmenter de 4,6% en 2021 (après avoir reculé de 4% en 2020) et la demande de charbon devrait augmenter de 60%. https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/d0031107-401d-4a2f-a48b- 9eed19457335/GlobalEnergyReview2021.pdf NEUTRALITÉ CARBONE 2050 : l’IEA indique dans son rapport « Net Zero by 2050 » qu’un scénario est possible pour atteindre zéro émission de GES en 2050 mais cela nécessite une transformation drastique sur les façons de produire, transporter et consommer l’énergie. En 2030, le solaire et l’éolien doivent respectivement atteindre des potentiels de 630 GW, et de 390 N°33 Pangea Infos Juin 2021 GW. Dans l’intervalle, l’efficacité énergétique doit s’améliorer de 4%/an. Par ailleurs, ce scénario propose de cesser toute exploration pétrolière et gazière en 2023. L’IEA insiste enfin sur la nécessité d’innovation, les risques liés à la cybersécurité des réseaux électriques et la dépendance croissante des métaux critiques. https://www.iea.org/news/pathway-to-critical-and-formidable-goal-of-net-zero-emissions-by-2050-is-narrow-but-brings- huge-benefits-according-to-iea-special-report ÉNERGIE PROPRE ET MINÉRAUX CRITIQUES : un rapport de l’IEA pointe l’incohérence entre les ambitions des politiques climatiques et la disponibilité de minéraux critiques nécessaires pour atteindre les objectifs. https://www.iea.org/reports/the-role-of-critical-minerals-in-clean-energy-transitions NOUVEAU QUASICRISTAL : découverte d’un nouveau quasicristal formé de silicium, cuivre, calcium et fer, dans un échantillon de « trinitite » formée lors du premier test nucléaire en juillet 1945. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2101350118 BAISSE DES VOLUMES DE GAZ TORCHÉS : selon la Banque Mondiale, les volumes de gaz torchés ont baissé de 5% en 2020. Sept pays dont l’Algérie et le Nigéria sont responsables de l’émission de plus des 2/3 des gaz torchés. https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/news/press-release/2021/04/28/seven-countries-account-for-two-thirds-of-global- gas-flaring INSU – ÉLÉVATION DU NIVEAU DES OCÉANS : une nouvelle étude statistique menée par une équipe internationale conclut que l’élévation médiane du niveau des océans en 2100 serait de 25 cm à 42 cm pour un réchauffement de 4°C. Une limitation du réchauffement à 1,5°C pourrait abaisser la valeur médiane à 13 cm. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586- 021-03302-y BANQUE MONDIALE – MINE ARTISANALE : la Banque mondiale propose des solutions pour améliorer la santé, la sécurité et l’équité du travail dans le secteur de l’exploitation minière artisanale et de petite échelle. https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/news/press-release/2021/05/03/better-working-conditions-can-improve-safety-and- productivity-of-artisanal-and-small-scale-miners-around-the-world BANQUE MONDIALE – MATIÈRES PREMIÈRES : les prix des métaux augmentent rapidement avec le rebond de l’activité économique en particulier sur le cuivre, l’étain et le fer. https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/commodity-markets-outlook-in- eight-charts TOTALENERGIES : Les actionnaires valident la stratégie de transition énergétique de Total visant à devenir une compagnie multi-énergies et la nouvelle dénomination sociale de l’entreprise qui devient TotalEnergies et change d’identité visuelle. https://www.totalenergies.com/fr/medias/actualite/communiques-presse/total-se-transforme-devient-totalenergies. L’analyste Bloomberg classe Total en tête des compagnies pétrolières et 3e parmi les compagnies des secteurs énergie, métaux et mines et biens de consommation, en matière de respect des objectifs de développement durable. https://www.bloomberg.com/press-releases/2021-04-28/esg-un-sustainable-development-goals-total-recognized-as-a-top- leader-by-bloombergnef CONCENTRATION DANS LES GISEMENTS AURIFÈRES : une équipe de recherche internationale démontre le rôle de l’arsenic dans la concentration en or des gisements. https://www.insu.cnrs.fr/fr/cnrsinfo/une-pompe-or-dans-la-croute-terrestre Conférences – Expositions VIRTUEL SÉNÉGAL – Dakar – 1-3 juin : SIM Sénégal 2021. https://simsenegal.com/fr/ VIRTUEL – 2-3 juin : H-NAT 2021 https://www.hnatsummit.com VIRTUEL - ITALIE – Naples – 7-9 juin : 1st Mediterranean Symposium on Landslides. https://www.iaeg.info/event/1st- mediterranean-symposium-on-landslides/ KENYA – Nairobi – 10-12 juin : 9th Africa Oil & Gas International Exhibition. https://www.expogr.com/kenyaoil/ VIRTUEL – R. D. CONGO – 14-15 juin : DRC Mining Days https://www.drcminingweek.com/drc-mining-week-online HYBRIDE* CÔTE D’IVOIRE - Man – 16-18 juin : 1eres Journées Internationales des Mines et géologie http://www.univ- man.edu.ci/assets/docs/1ere_Journees_Mines_geologie_Uman.pdf HYBRIDE* FRANCE – Paris – 28 juin : L’hydrogène naturel : état de la recherche en France. https://www.geosoc.fr/manifestation-sgf/agenda-des-reunions-colloques-sgf/event/2559-l-hydrogene-naturel-etat-de-la- recherche-en-france.html VIRTUEL ALGÉRIE – ALGER – 28-30 juin– The First Int. Conference on Renewable Energy Advanced technologies and Applications https://icreata.net VIRTUEL FRANCE – Nice – 5-10 juillet : XXIVth IPRS Congress- International Society for photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. http://www.isprs2020-nice.com HYBRID MAROC – Al Hoceima – 6-9 juillet : 1st International Congress on Coastal Research https://iccr2020.sciencesconf.org/ VIRTUEL USA – 19-23 juillet: Pilot 2021 Geothermal. Reimagined https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn%3Ali%3Aactivity%3A6791104595876700160/ HYBRIDE* AFRIQUE DU SUD – Johannesburg – 16-17 août : Worldgold hybrid conference 2021. https://www.saimm.co.za/saimm-events/upcoming-events/world-gold-hybrid-conference-2021#type-of-event REPORTÉ ÉTATS UNIS – Denver – 18-21 août : SEG Research Workshop: Data Analytics & Machine Learning for Exploration and Production https://seg.org/Events/Data-Analytics-and-Machine-Learning-for-E-and-P N°33 Pangea Infos Juin 2021 INDE – New Delhi – 16-21 août : 36th International Geological Congress. https://www.36igc.org HYBRIDE* FRANCE – Bordeaux – 29 août-2 septembre: EAGE Near Surface Geoscience Conference & Exhibition 2021 https://eage.eventsair.com/nsg2021 BOTSWANA – Kasane – 6-10 septembre : The African seismological Commission and related General Assembly HYBRIDE* FRANCE – Montpellier – 12-17 septembre : IMOG 2021 https://eage.eventsair.com/imog-2021/ VIRTUEL ESPAGNE – Barcelone – 14-16 septembre : Africa Energy Forum https://www.africa-energy-forum.com VIRTUEL ROUMANIE – Bucarest – 21-24 septembre : Semaine de la Francophonie
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