The Flora Mycologica Iberica Project Fungi Occurrence Dataset
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Genome Sequence Analysis of Auricularia Heimuer Combined with Genetic Linkage Map
Journal of Fungi Article Genome Sequence Analysis of Auricularia heimuer Combined with Genetic Linkage Map Ming Fang 1, Xiaoe Wang 2, Ying Chen 2, Peng Wang 2, Lixin Lu 2, Jia Lu 2, Fangjie Yao 1,2,* and Youmin Zhang 1,* 1 Lab of genetic breeding of edible mushromm, Horticultural, College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; [email protected] 2 Engineering Research Centre of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; [email protected] (X.W.); [email protected] (Y.C.); [email protected] (P.W.); [email protected] (L.L.); [email protected] (J.L.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (F.Y.); [email protected] (Y.Z.) Received: 3 March 2020; Accepted: 12 March 2020; Published: 16 March 2020 Abstract: Auricularia heimuer is one of the most popular edible fungi in China. In this study, the whole genome of A. heimuer was sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq X system and compared with other mushrooms genomes. As a wood-rotting fungus, a total of 509 carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) were annotated in order to explore its potential capabilities on wood degradation. The glycoside hydrolases (GH) family genes in the A. heimuer genome were more abundant than the genes in the other 11 mushrooms genomes. The A. heimuer genome contained 102 genes encoding class III, IV, and V ethanol dehydrogenases. Evolutionary analysis based on 562 orthologous single-copy genes from 15 mushrooms showed that Auricularia formed an early independent branch of Agaricomycetes. The mating-type locus of A. heimuer was located on linkage group 8 by genetic linkage analysis. -
Fungal Endophytes from the Aerial Tissues of Important Tropical Forage Grasses Brachiaria Spp
University of Kentucky UKnowledge International Grassland Congress Proceedings XXIII International Grassland Congress Fungal Endophytes from the Aerial Tissues of Important Tropical Forage Grasses Brachiaria spp. in Kenya Sita R. Ghimire International Livestock Research Institute, Kenya Joyce Njuguna International Livestock Research Institute, Kenya Leah Kago International Livestock Research Institute, Kenya Monday Ahonsi International Livestock Research Institute, Kenya Donald Njarui Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organization, Kenya Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/23/2-2-1/6 The XXIII International Grassland Congress (Sustainable use of Grassland Resources for Forage Production, Biodiversity and Environmental Protection) took place in New Delhi, India from November 20 through November 24, 2015. Proceedings Editors: M. M. Roy, D. R. Malaviya, V. K. Yadav, Tejveer Singh, R. P. Sah, D. Vijay, and A. Radhakrishna Published by Range Management Society of India This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant and Soil Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Grassland Congress Proceedings by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Paper ID: 435 Theme: 2. Grassland production and utilization Sub-theme: 2.2. Integration of plant protection to optimise production -
Molecular Evolution and Functional Divergence of Tubulin Superfamily In
OPEN Molecular evolution and functional SUBJECT AREAS: divergence of tubulin superfamily in the FUNGAL GENOMICS MOLECULAR EVOLUTION fungal tree of life FUNGAL BIOLOGY Zhongtao Zhao1*, Huiquan Liu1*, Yongping Luo1, Shanyue Zhou2, Lin An1, Chenfang Wang1, Qiaojun Jin1, Mingguo Zhou3 & Jin-Rong Xu1,2 Received 18 July 2014 1 NWAFU-PU Joint Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, 2 Accepted Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West 3 22 September 2014 Lafayette, IN 47907, USA, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Pesticide, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China. Published 23 October 2014 Microtubules are essential for various cellular activities and b-tubulins are the target of benzimidazole fungicides. However, the evolution and molecular mechanisms driving functional diversification in fungal tubulins are not clear. In this study, we systematically identified tubulin genes from 59 representative fungi Correspondence and across the fungal kingdom. Phylogenetic analysis showed that a-/b-tubulin genes underwent multiple requests for materials independent duplications and losses in different fungal lineages and formed distinct paralogous/ should be addressed to orthologous clades. The last common ancestor of basidiomycetes and ascomycetes likely possessed two a a a b b b a J.-R.X. (jinrong@ paralogs of -tubulin ( 1/ 2) and -tubulin ( 1/ 2) genes but 2-tubulin genes were lost in basidiomycetes and b2-tubulin genes were lost in most ascomycetes. Molecular evolutionary analysis indicated that a1, a2, purdue.edu) and b2-tubulins have been under strong divergent selection and adaptive positive selection. -
Why Mushrooms Have Evolved to Be So Promiscuous: Insights from Evolutionary and Ecological Patterns
fungal biology reviews 29 (2015) 167e178 journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/fbr Review Why mushrooms have evolved to be so promiscuous: Insights from evolutionary and ecological patterns Timothy Y. JAMES* Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA article info abstract Article history: Agaricomycetes, the mushrooms, are considered to have a promiscuous mating system, Received 27 May 2015 because most populations have a large number of mating types. This diversity of mating Received in revised form types ensures a high outcrossing efficiency, the probability of encountering a compatible 17 October 2015 mate when mating at random, because nearly every homokaryotic genotype is compatible Accepted 23 October 2015 with every other. Here I summarize the data from mating type surveys and genetic analysis of mating type loci and ask what evolutionary and ecological factors have promoted pro- Keywords: miscuity. Outcrossing efficiency is equally high in both bipolar and tetrapolar species Genomic conflict with a median value of 0.967 in Agaricomycetes. The sessile nature of the homokaryotic Homeodomain mycelium coupled with frequent long distance dispersal could account for selection favor- Outbreeding potential ing a high outcrossing efficiency as opportunities for choosing mates may be minimal. Pheromone receptor Consistent with a role of mating type in mediating cytoplasmic-nuclear genomic conflict, Agaricomycetes have evolved away from a haploid yeast phase towards hyphal fusions that display reciprocal nuclear migration after mating rather than cytoplasmic fusion. Importantly, the evolution of this mating behavior is precisely timed with the onset of diversification of mating type alleles at the pheromone/receptor mating type loci that are known to control reciprocal nuclear migration during mating. -
Key to Phycomycetes Predaceous Or Parasitic in Nematodes Or Amoebae I
©Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., Horn, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Key to Phycomycetes predaceous or parasitic in Nematodes or Amoebae I. Zoopagales By R. Dayal Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 210005 Summary A key to 10 recognised genera and 92 species of predaceous or parasi- tic fungi in nematodes or amoebae, belonging to the order Zoopagales, is given here. The key is intended primarily for those working in predaceous fungi. It is not phylogenetic but rather an arrangement for easy identification. No claim is made that these are all valid species; it will become evident as the key is used that further study must be made into some which are with difficulty separated from others, except by their host. The literature con- cerning these fungi has increased to such an extent that workers studying the group have for some time felt the need for a convenient aid to identi- fication. This can be overcome only by furnishing with as many tools as possible for identification or recognition of genera and species. This paper is intended as one of the tools. It is a collection of 10 recognized genera and 92 species, brought together so that this information may be more ea- sily available. Guide to the Key The measurements given in the key are those most frequently met within nematode infested cultures; in pure cultures traps are usally ab- sent. Conidial dimensions are usually smaller and the morphology of the conidiophore may also alter considerably. Chlamydospores are formed more frequently in older cultures, but not in all the species. -
Fungi-Insect Symbiosis Laboulbeniomycetes
Important Dates zDecember 6th – Last lecture. zDecember 12th – Study session at 2:30? Where? Fungi-Insect zDecember 13th – Final Exam: 12:00-2:00 Symbiosis Fungi-Insect Symbiosis Fungi-Insect Symbiosis zMany examples of fungi-insect zMany examples of fungi-insect symbiosis. symbiosis (continue). zCover the following examples zInsects that cultivate fungi: Laboulbeniomycetes – Class of Attine Ants Ascomycota. Mostly on insects. Septobasidium –Genus of Mound Building Termites Basidiomycota Ambrosia Beetles Laboulbeniomycetes Laboulbeniomycetes zAscocarps occur on very specific zVery poorly known example. localities in some species: zRelationship between fungi and insects unclear. One species parasitic? Species of this fungus probably occurs on all insects Fungus is a member of Ascomycota zRickia dendroiuli Only found on forelegs of millipedes 1 Rickia dendroiuli Rickia dendroiuli Mature ascocarp zLow magnification showing three ascocarps zHigh magnification showing two ascocarps, as seen through the microscope. left is mature Laboulbeniomycetes Laboulbeniomycetes zIn some species specific localities zVariations were based on mating habit misleading. For example: of insects involved. In some insects, “species A” may have ascocarps arising only on front, upper pair of legs of males However, “Species A” have ascocarps arising only on the back, lower pair of legs of females of same insect species. Peyritschiella protea Peyritschiella protea zAscocarps not zHigh magnification always in specific of ascocarps and localities. ascospores. ascocarps and ascospores 2 Stigmatomyces majewski Stigmatomyces majewskii zLow and high z Ascocarps occur magnification mostly on of ascocarps. segment. zNote one on wing. Laboulbenia cristata Laboulbenia cristata zAscocarps occur on zHigh magnification middle segment of ascocarp with legs. ascospores. SeptobasidiuSeptobasidiumm SeptobasidiuSeptobasidiumm zGenus of Basidiomycota that forms a zMore examples: symbiotic relationship with scale insects. -
Fungal Evolution: Major Ecological Adaptations and Evolutionary Transitions
Biol. Rev. (2019), pp. 000–000. 1 doi: 10.1111/brv.12510 Fungal evolution: major ecological adaptations and evolutionary transitions Miguel A. Naranjo-Ortiz1 and Toni Gabaldon´ 1,2,3∗ 1Department of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain 2 Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain 3ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain ABSTRACT Fungi are a highly diverse group of heterotrophic eukaryotes characterized by the absence of phagotrophy and the presence of a chitinous cell wall. While unicellular fungi are far from rare, part of the evolutionary success of the group resides in their ability to grow indefinitely as a cylindrical multinucleated cell (hypha). Armed with these morphological traits and with an extremely high metabolical diversity, fungi have conquered numerous ecological niches and have shaped a whole world of interactions with other living organisms. Herein we survey the main evolutionary and ecological processes that have guided fungal diversity. We will first review the ecology and evolution of the zoosporic lineages and the process of terrestrialization, as one of the major evolutionary transitions in this kingdom. Several plausible scenarios have been proposed for fungal terrestralization and we here propose a new scenario, which considers icy environments as a transitory niche between water and emerged land. We then focus on exploring the main ecological relationships of Fungi with other organisms (other fungi, protozoans, animals and plants), as well as the origin of adaptations to certain specialized ecological niches within the group (lichens, black fungi and yeasts). -
Studies of the Laboulbeniomycetes: Diversity, Evolution, and Patterns of Speciation
Studies of the Laboulbeniomycetes: Diversity, Evolution, and Patterns of Speciation The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:40049989 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA ! STUDIES OF THE LABOULBENIOMYCETES: DIVERSITY, EVOLUTION, AND PATTERNS OF SPECIATION A dissertation presented by DANNY HAELEWATERS to THE DEPARTMENT OF ORGANISMIC AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of Biology HARVARD UNIVERSITY Cambridge, Massachusetts April 2018 ! ! © 2018 – Danny Haelewaters All rights reserved. ! ! Dissertation Advisor: Professor Donald H. Pfister Danny Haelewaters STUDIES OF THE LABOULBENIOMYCETES: DIVERSITY, EVOLUTION, AND PATTERNS OF SPECIATION ABSTRACT CHAPTER 1: Laboulbeniales is one of the most morphologically and ecologically distinct orders of Ascomycota. These microscopic fungi are characterized by an ectoparasitic lifestyle on arthropods, determinate growth, lack of asexual state, high species richness and intractability to culture. DNA extraction and PCR amplification have proven difficult for multiple reasons. DNA isolation techniques and commercially available kits are tested enabling efficient and rapid genetic analysis of Laboulbeniales fungi. Success rates for the different techniques on different taxa are presented and discussed in the light of difficulties with micromanipulation, preservation techniques and negative results. CHAPTER 2: The class Laboulbeniomycetes comprises biotrophic parasites associated with arthropods and fungi. -
<I>Tilletia Indica</I>
ISPM 27 27 ANNEX 4 ENG DP 4: Tilletia indica Mitra INTERNATIONAL STANDARD FOR PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES PHYTOSANITARY FOR STANDARD INTERNATIONAL DIAGNOSTIC PROTOCOLS Produced by the Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) This page is intentionally left blank This diagnostic protocol was adopted by the Standards Committee on behalf of the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures in January 2014. The annex is a prescriptive part of ISPM 27. ISPM 27 Diagnostic protocols for regulated pests DP 4: Tilletia indica Mitra Adopted 2014; published 2016 CONTENTS 1. Pest Information ............................................................................................................................... 2 2. Taxonomic Information .................................................................................................................... 2 3. Detection ........................................................................................................................................... 2 3.1 Examination of seeds/grain ............................................................................................... 3 3.2 Extraction of teliospores from seeds/grain, size-selective sieve wash test ....................... 3 4. Identification ..................................................................................................................................... 4 4.1 Morphology of teliospores ................................................................................................ 4 4.1.1 Morphological -
Jason Stajich UC Riverside Fungidb Supported by Sloan Foundation
FungiDB and 1000 Fungal genomes Jason Stajich UC Riverside FungiDB supported by Sloan Foundation • Data coordinating center - Knight, Sogin, Meyer labs • Fungal microbiome support - Stajich Lab (Greg Gu, Steven Ahrendt) --> Scott Bates, Jon Leff Fierer Lab Fungal genome sequencing * ** 10-15 “Zygos” + Chytrids + Cryptomycota 400-500+ genomes of Fungi http://www.diark.org/diark/statistics http://1000.fungalgenomes.org Addressing the phylogenetic diversity: 1000 Fungal genomes project !"#$%&'%()*+#+,- !"#$%&'%()*+#+,- .%#$'/+%()*+#+,- .%#$'/+%()*+#+,- 01"%2%()*+#+,- 01"%2%()*+#+,- D+%E8%,,%()*+#+,- D+%E8%,,%()*+#+,- F+G'G%()*%2&4- 3&*+"#4+-,+/',- F+G'G%()*%2&4- 3&*+"#4+-,+/',- 547%187+&'%()*+#+,- 547%187+&'%()*+#+,- 5+*4&%"%()*+#+,- 5+*4&%"%()*+#+,- 5+%2%()*+#+,- 5+%2%()*+#+,- 5'*$'&%()*+#+,- 5'*$'&%()*+#+,- 6"7'8'%()*+#+,- 6"7'8'%()*+#+,- F+G'G%()*+#+,- F+G'G%()*+#+,- H4**$4"%()*%2&4- H%"/4"'%()*+#+,- H4**$4"%()*%2&4- H%"/4"'%()*+#+,- H4**$4"%()*+#+,- H4**$4"%()*+#+,- I+%8+*#%()*+#+,- I+%8+*#%()*+#+,- J4K$"'&%()*%2&4- F&+1(%*),2/'%()*+#+,- J4K$"'&%()*%2&4- F&+1(%*),2/'%()*+#+,- H*$'G%,4**$4"%()*+#+,- H*$'G%,4**$4"%()*+#+,- J4K$"'&%()*+#+,- J4K$"'&%()*+#+,- M,284E'&%()*%2&4- 0L%74,'/'%()*+#+,- M,284E'&%()*%2&4- 0L%74,'/'%()*+#+,- M,284E'&%()*+#+,- M,284E'&%()*+#+,- !E4"'*%,287%()*+#+,- !E4"'*%,287%()*+#+,- !#"4*2+88%()*+#+,- !#"4*2+88%()*+#+,- N84,,'*18%()*+#+,- N84,,'*18%()*+#+,- F1**'&'%()*%2&4- N")K#%()*%*%84*%()*+#+,- F1**'&'%()*%2&4- N")K#%()*%*%84*%()*+#+,- N),#%74,'/'%()*+#+,- N),#%74,'/'%()*+#+,- O'*"%7%#")%()*+#+,- O'*"%7%#")%()*+#+,- -
Tilletia Indica.Pdf
Podsumowanie Analizy Zagrożenia Agrofagiem (Ekspres PRA) dla Tilletia indica Obszar PRA: Rzeczpospolita Polska Opis obszaru zagrożenia: Obszar całego kraju Główne wnioski Prawdopodobieństwo wniknięcia T. indica na teren PRA jest ściśle związane z importem zakażonego ziarna. Istnieje ryzyko zadomowienia się patogenu na obszarze PRA i wywoływania szkód w produkcji rolnej. W przypadku sprowadzania z miejsc, gdzie występuje choroba konieczne jest prowadzenie działań fitosanitarnych jak kontrola materiału nasiennego lub ziarna przeznaczonego na inne cele. Wskazane jest także zaniechanie importu w przypadku epidemii na nowym terenie lub z rejonów o silnym natężeniu infekcji. Sprowadzanie ziarna produkowanego poza obszarem występowania T. indica nie wymaga podejmowania specjalnych zabiegów fitosanitarnych. Wszelkie sygnały o obecności agrofaga powinny zostać poddane wnikliwej analizie, a zakażone rośliny lub materiał zniszczone. Ze względu na duże zdolności teliospor do przetrwania w niekorzystnych warunkach zwalczanie chemiczne lub płodozmian mogą okazać się nieskuteczne. Ryzyko fitosanitarne dla zagrożonego obszaru (indywidualna ranga prawdopodobieństwa wejścia, Wysokie Średnie X Niskie zadomowienia, rozprzestrzenienia oraz wpływu w tekście dokumentu) Poziom niepewności oceny: (uzasadnienie rangi w punkcie 18. Indywidualne rangi niepewności dla prawdopodobieństwa wejścia, Wysoka Średnia Niska X zadomowienia, rozprzestrzenienia oraz wpływu w tekście) Inne rekomendacje: 1 Ekspresowa Analiza Zagrożenia Agrofagiem: Tilletia indica Przygotowana przez: dr Katarzyna Pieczul, prof. dr hab. Marek Korbas, mgr Jakub Danielewicz, dr Katarzyna Sadowska, mgr Michał Czyż, mgr Magdalena Gawlak, lic. Agata Olejniczak dr Tomasz Kałuski; Instytut Ochrony Roślin – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, ul. Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań. Data: 10.08.2017 Etap 1 Wstęp Powód wykonania PRA: Tilletia indica jest patogenem porażającym pszenicę i pszenżyto oraz potencjalnie niektóre z gatunków traw dziko rosnących. Patogen stwarza realne zagrożenie dla upraw zbóż na obszarze PRA. -
New Records of Pyrenomycetes from the Czech and Slovak Republics II Some Rare and Interesting Species of the Orders Dothideales and Sordariales
C z e c h m y c o l . 49 (3-4), 1997 New records of Pyrenomycetes from the Czech and Slovak Republics II Some rare and interesting species of the orders Dothideales and Sordariales M a r t in a R é b l o v á 1 and M irk o S v r č e k 2 institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences, 252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic 2 Department of Mycology, National Museum, Václavské nám. 68, 1X5 79 Praha, Czech Republic Réblová M. and Svrček M. (1997): New records of Pyrenomycetes from the Czech and Slovak Republics II. Some rare and interesting species of the orders Dothideales and Sordariales.- Czech Mycol. 49: 207-227 The paper deals with X2 lignicolous species of Pyrenomycetes; Actidium hysterioides Fr., Actidium nitidum (Cooke et Ellis) Zogg, Capronia borealis M. E. Barr, Capronia chlorospora (Ellis et Everh.) M. E. Barr, Cercophora caudata (Currey) Lundq., Farlowiella carmichaelina (Berk.) Sacc., Gloniopsis curvata (Fr.) Sacc., Mytilinidion rhenanum Fuckel, Pseudotrichia m utabilis (Pers.: Fr.) Wehm., Rebentischia massalongii (Mont.) Sacc., Trematosphaeria fissa (Fuckel) Winter and Trematosphaeria morthieri Fuckel, most of which are reported from the Czech and Slovak Republics for the first time. Species are listed with localities, descriptions, illustrations and taxonomical and ecological notes. Most of them occur rarely in both countries or have very interesting habitats. Capronia borealis and Capronia chlorospora, so far known only from the temperate zone of North America, are reported from Europe for the first time. The systematic position of these species is arranged according to Eriksson and Hawksworth (1993).