Digital Government Review of Argentina Accelerating the digitalisation of the public sector Key findings Contents 1. BACKGROUND 1 2. GOVERNANCE FOR DIGITAL GOVERNMENT 4 3. PUBLIC SECTOR COMPETENCIES FOR DIGITAL GOVERNMENT POLICY IMPLEMENTATION 15 4. OPENNESS AND PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY 19 5. BUILDING A DATA-DRIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR 24 REFERENCES 28 OECD Digital Government and Open Data Unit Digital Government Project KEY FINDINGS KEY BACKGROUND 1. Background The OECD Digital Government Review of Argentina builds This document, and the upcoming full digital govern- on the close and growing collaboration between the ment review, was prepared in the context of the OECD and the Argentinian government in recent years. ongoing restructuration of the government of Argentina It adds to the broader activities of Argentina’s OECD (September, 2018). The Ministry of Modernisation (MoM), Action Plan, which was presented by the Argentinian the original main counterpart for this study, was moved government to the OECD in the context of the Meeting of to the Chief of Cabinet of Ministers Office in September G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors held 2018. As a result the former MoM was replaced by the in Baden Baden, Germany, on 17-18 March 2017. Government Secretariat of Modernisation (Secretaría de Gobierno de Modernización, SGM).1 The document will This document presents the key findings resulting from therefore: a series of activities carried-out by the OECD Secretariat in the context of the digital government review. These l Refer to the “Ministry of Modernisation” or “the then activities include i) the OECD peer review mission to MoM” when presenting, discussing and highlighting Buenos Aires, Argentina, held on 5-9 March, 2018; and, ii) digital government initiatives that took place prior to the workshops and follow-up meetings held in Buenos the restructuration of September 2018. Aires on 25-27 July 2018, and September, 2018. l Refer to the newly established “Government The peer review mission (March, 2018) benefited from Secretariat of Modernisation” or “SGM” for any future the participation of the OECD Secretariat and peers from recommended actions and policy interventions OECD member countries, namely: provided to the Argentinian government by the OECD. l Mr Enrique Zapata, Office of the President, Mexico. The Digital Government Review of Argentina focuses on l Mr Daniel Hernández, Ministry of Public strategic policy areas of analysis, including: Administration, Mexico. 1. The governance for digital government in Argentina, l Mr Timothy Szlachetko, Ministry of Local Government including the institutional, legal and policy and Modernisation, Norway. frameworks. l Ms Gemma del Rey Almanza, Ministry of Finance and Public Administration, Spain. 2. Public sector competence for policy implementation, including ICT commissioning and the development of The key findings presented in this document benefited digital innovation skills in the public sector. from the direct contributions of all peers involved in the peer review mission to Argentina. The findings and spec ific 3. Openness and public service delivery, including digital policy recommendations are further discussed in the final services, key enablers and the implementation of version of the Digital Government Review of Argentina. citizen-driven, digital by design and open by default approaches. This document was prepared by the OECD Secretariat under the leadership of Barbara-Chiara Ubaldi, Deputy 4. Data-driven public sector, including data governance, Head of the Reform of the Public Sector Division and data management practices and open government Head of the Digital Government and Government Data data. Unit. Jamie Lee Berryhill, Policy Analyst, Public Sector Innovation, OECD, drafted section 2. Jacob Arturo Rivera Pérez, Policy Analyst, Digital Government and Govern- 1. See https://www.boletinoficial.gob ar/#!DetalleNormaBusquedaAvanzada/ ment Data policies, OECD, drafted sections 3, 4 and 5. 190820/20180905 1 DIGITAL GOVERNMENT REVIEW OF ARGENTINA The assessment draws upon the OECD Recommendation are requested; iii) governments proactively seeking of the Council on Digital Government Strategies (OECD, feedback directly from citizens about the quality of 2014) (See Figure 1) which provides a set of 12 strategic services; and, iv) enabling citizens to access real-time recommendations to help governments to move information on public services. from e-government towards a digital government (See Figure 2). l Data-driven: The extent to which a government informs and approaches the design, delivery and The Digital Government Review of Argentina highlights the monitoring of public policies and services through the key enablers of digital government as identified by the management and use of data. OECD Secretariat’s Framework for Digital Government (OECD, forthcoming): l Digital by design: The extent to which a government embeds the full potential of digital technologies when l User-driven: The extent to which governments are formulating policies and designing services. This adopting approaches and taking actions to let citizens involves mobilising new technologies to rethink and and businesses (i.e. users of the services) determine reengineer internal processes and simplify internal their own needs, which serve to drive the design of procedures in order to deliver the same efficient, policies and public services. sustainable and citizen-driven services, regardless of the channel used by the user to interact with the l Proactiveness: The extent to which a government public authorities. reaches out to the public without waiting to react to formal requests. This includes: i) data disclosure (in l Government as a platform: The extent to which open formats), with the exception of data that the governments use technologies (and data) to harness government is required to protect due to privacy or the creativity of people in groups and create security; ii) service delivery to the users before they collaborations to address policy challenges. Figure 1. OECD 2014 Recommendation on Digital Government Strategies OPENNESS GOVERNANCE CAPACITIES TO SUPPORT AND ENGAGEMENT AND COORDINATION IMPLEMENTATION 1. Openness, transparency and 5. Leadership and political 9. Development of clear business inclusiveness commitment cases 2. Engagement and participation 6. Coherent use of digital 10. Reinforced institutional in a multi-actor context in policy technology across policy areas capacities making and service delivery 7. Effective organisational and 11. Procurement of digital 3. Creation of a data-driven governance frameworks to technologies culture coordinate 12. Legal and regulatory 4. Protecting privacy and ensuring 8. Strengthen international framework security cooperation with other governments CREATING VALUE THROUGH THE USE OF ICT Non-OECD members: Colombia, Costa Rica, Egypt, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Morocco, Romania, Russia Source: Elaboration based on the Recommendation of the Council on Digital Government Strategies, 2014 2 KEY FINDINGS KEY BACKGROUND l Open by default: The extent to which a government uses formats (within the framework of data protection, digital technologies to: i) engage and collaborate with all security, confidentiality, and privacy protection actors and collect insights towards a more collaborative, legislation); and iii) open up to external knowledge in evidence-based, user- and data-driven policy making; ii) order to co-design its processes (e.g. policy life cycle, share government data in open and machine-readable public service delivery, and ICT commissioning). Figure 2. Digital transformation of the public sector DIGITAL GOVERNMENT The use of digital technologies as an integrated part of governments’ E-GOVERNMENT modernisation strategies, to create public The use by the governments value. It relies on a digital government of information and communication ecosystem comprised of government technologies (ICTs), and particularly actors, non-governmental organisations, the internet, as a tool to achieve better businesses, citizens’ associations and government. individuals which supports the production of an access to data, services and content through interactions with the government. Source: Elaboration based on the Recommendation of the Council on Digital Government Strategies, 2014 Trámites a Distancia (TAD) is the platform that allows paperless online government-citizen interaction in Argentina. 3 DIGITAL GOVERNMENT REVIEW OF ARGENTINA 2. Governance for Digital Government Argentina is taking a portfolio approach to public sector A number of conditions has enabled the reform with the goal of building a national public abovementioned progress and has therefore provided policy framework and leadership that advances in a a context in which continued advancement and consistent and united way to achieve national priorities sustainable success is possible. Critically, the digital and objectives. The Argentinian administration sees transformation of the public sector is one of the highest strengthening digital government as a keystone in the priorities of the current administration. This is evidenced broader context of its reform agenda along with open by the President’s dissemination of numerous relevant government and public sector integrity. In terms of digital presidential decrees—akin to executive orders, and government, Argentina defined a number of clear policy the creation of the Ministry of Modernisation (MoM) priorities, developed relevant initiatives, and