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Interdisciplinary Insights for Digital Touch Communication Human–Computer Interaction Series SPRINGER BRIEFS IN HUMANCOMPUTER INTERACTION Carey Jewitt · Sara Price Kerstin Leder Mackley Nikoleta Yiannoutsou Douglas Atkinson Interdisciplinary Insights for Digital Touch Communication Human–Computer Interaction Series SpringerBriefs in Human-Computer Interaction Series editors Desney Tan, Microsoft Research, Redmond, USA Jean Vanderdonckt, Louvain School of Management, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/15580 Carey Jewitt • Sara Price Kerstin Leder Mackley • Nikoleta Yiannoutsou Douglas Atkinson Interdisciplinary Insights for Digital Touch Communication Carey Jewitt Sara Price UCL Knowledge Lab, Institute of Education UCL Knowledge Lab, Institute of Education University College London University College London London, UK London, UK Kerstin Leder Mackley Nikoleta Yiannoutsou UCL Knowledge Lab, Institute of Education UCL Knowledge Lab, Institute of Education University College London University College London London, UK London, UK Douglas Atkinson UCL Knowledge Lab, Institute of Education University College London London, UK ISSN 1571-5035 Human–Computer Interaction Series ISSN 2520-1670 ISSN 2520-1689 SpringerBriefs in Human-Computer Interaction ISBN 978-3-030-24566-5 ISBN 978-3-030-24564-1 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24564-1 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2020. This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland This book is dedicated to Gunther Kress (1940–2019). Acknowledgements The research reported in this book is undertaken as a part of the InTouch project, a European Research Council Consolidator Award (Award Number: 681489). The authors would like to thank the following people and organizations, especially those people who participated in the InTouch case study research: Caroline Yan Zhang (Royal College of Art, UK) and Romain Meunier (UCL Institute of Making) for their facilitation of the rapid prototyping sessions as part of the Imagining Remote Personal Touch case study. Dr. Emma Zhang and Professor Adrian Cheok for the loan of a pair of Kissenger devices used within the Imagining Remote Personal Touch case study. The members of the Invisible Flock Artist Studio, who are collaborators on the Art of Remote Contact case study. The Remote Contact Exhibition was supported by FACT and Community Integrated Care, funded by Arts Council England and Leeds City Council, with the support of a Wellcome Trust Arts Award, in collaboration with Prof. Nadia Berthouze (UCL). Owlet Baby Care, specifically Dr. Milena Adamian and Michelle Dangerfield, for the loan of four smart sock units to support the InTouch with Baby case study. Dr. Aikaterini Fotopoulou, Professor Nadia Berthouze and Frederik Brudy, who are collaborators on the Tactile Emoticon case study, and the UCL Social Science Plus scheme, who provided additional funding for this collaboration. Dr. Val Mitchell and Dr. Garrath T. Wilson, Loughborough University School of Design and Creative Arts, who are collaborators on the Designing Digital Touch case study. Evy Samuelsson, InTouch Project administrator. Lili Golmohammadi, a Doctoral Student on InTouch, particularly for her contribu- tion to the development and design of the Designing Digital Touch Toolkit. vii Contents 1 Introduction: Digital Touch Communication ���������������������������������������� 1 1.1 Introduction . 1 1.1.1 Touch Matters . 2 1.1.2 Digital Touch . 2 1.2 Situating This Book: A Social Revaluing of the Sensory and Multimodal . 3 1.3 InTouch Digital Touch Communication �������������������������������������������� 5 1.4 Overview of the Book . 6 1.5 InTouch Case Studies ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 8 1.5.1 Imagining Remote Personal Touch . 9 1.5.2 In Touch with Baby . 10 1.5.3 The Art of Remote Contact . 12 1.5.4 Tactile Emoticon . 14 1.5.5 Designing Digital Touch . 15 1.5.6 Virtual Touch . 17 References �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 19 2 Interdisciplinary Explorations of Digital Touch . 23 2.1 Introduction . 23 2.2 A Multimodal and Sensory Lens on Digital Touch Communication . 24 2.3 Interdisciplinary Dialogues of Digital Touch Communication . 26 2.4 Prototyping ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 28 2.5 Conclusion ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 35 References �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 35 3 The Terrain of Digital Touch Communication �������������������������������������� 39 3.1 Introduction . 39 3.2 Human-Human Digitally Mediated Touch Communication . 42 3.3 Human-Robot and Robot-Human Touch ������������������������������������������ 44 3.3.1 Affective and Social Robot Touch ���������������������������������������� 44 3.3.2 Teleoperation . 46 ix x Contents 3.4 Human-Object Touch Communication . 47 3.4.1 Object/Textile Handling �������������������������������������������������������� 47 3.4.2 Education and Training . 48 3.4.3 Disability and Rehabilitation ������������������������������������������������ 49 3.5 Conclusion ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 50 References �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 50 4 Social Norms of Touch . 57 4.1 Introduction . 57 4.2 Technology and Changing Social Norms . 59 4.3 Digital Touch and Social Norms . 59 4.3.1 Touching the Body ���������������������������������������������������������������� 60 4.3.2 Types of Touch ���������������������������������������������������������������������� 62 4.3.3 The Materiality of Touch ������������������������������������������������������ 65 4.3.4 Digital Touching . 67 4.4 Conclusion ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 69 References �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 70 5 Touch Presence, Absence and Connection . 73 5.1 Introduction . 73 5.2 Connecting at a ‘Distance’: Questions of Presence �������������������������� 74 5.3 Connecting Through Touch . 76 5.3.1 Tactile Emoticon . 79 5.4 Beyond the Interface . 81 5.4.1 Remote Contact . 81 5.5 Touch Connection as a Bodily Way of Knowing ������������������������������ 83 5.5.1 In Touch with Baby . 84 5.6 Conclusion ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 86 References �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 87 6 Sociotechnical Imaginaries of Digital Touch . 89 6.1 Introduction . 89 6.2 The Sociotechnical Imaginary as a Design Resource . 91 6.3 The Sociotechnical Imaginary as Methodological Resource ������������ 91 6.4 Making Legible Emergent Sociotechnical Imaginaries of Digital Touch �������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 92 6.4.1 Body �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 93 6.4.2 Time �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 95 6.4.3 Place �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 97 6.5 Generating New Methodological Routes to Imagining Digital Touch Futures ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 99 6.6 Conclusion ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 104 References �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 105 7 Digital Touch Ethics and Values . 107 7.1 Introduction . 107 7.2 What Is Ethical
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