DOCSLIB.ORG

Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev Community Leader That Made Impact on Social and Economic Development of the Country

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev Community Leader That Made Impact on Social and Economic Development of the Country Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev Community leader that made impact on social and economic development of the country Zeynalabdin, as all those who knew him as a little boy called him, was born on 25 September 1823 in Baku in a family of a shoemaker. Despite his disadvantaged and humble beginning, Zeynalabdin was destined to make history in Azerbaijan as one of the most established oil tycoons and philanthropists who later became the eminent Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev. Zeynalabdin started working at the age of 10, first as the trainee of a brick-mason, later as a mason at the age of 15 and then progressed to become a master builder. Meanwhile, Baku was experiencing the first oil boom. It was this period, in 1873, that he decided to lease land in Bibi Heybat along with two partners. They hired laborers and artisans, bought equipment, built a rig derrick and started boring wells in the hopes of producing oil. Their expenses grew by the day, but there was not even a trace of oil. Finally, his partners decided to sell their shares out losing all hope. Haji repaid their shares and became the sole property owner. One could envy his tenacity, as he continued to bore holes. And at long last, oil gushed at one of the four wells. Thus, the son of a poor shoemaker became the millionaire Taghiyev. As he became rich, the first thing Taghiyev did was to construct a motorway from the city to his production field in Bibi Heybat and later extended it to reach the Bibi Heybat mosque. Taghiyev spent most of his earnings on charity, development and improvement of his hometown. Haji Zeynalabdin built a big palace in the center of Baku in 1895-1897, which became a home to his family. It now hosts the Museum of History of Azerbaijan. Taghiyev made a great contribution in the development of education in Azerbaijan. He invested 300 thousand rubles in 1901 to open the first girls’ school in Baku. The construction of the school started in 1898 and finished in 1900. The building now hosts the Institute of Manuscripts of the Azerbaijani Academy of Sciences. The first headmaster of the school was Hanifa Malikova (the wife of Hasan Bey Zerdabi, the eminent enlightener and the founder of the first Azerbaijani newspaper, “Ekinchi”). They enlisted 58 girls and 35 of them came from poor families. They were exempt from tuition and Taghiyev personally volunteered to cover their expenses for food and clothing. We should especially mention the library. Taghiyev did not spare any expenses. The library included a magnificent collection of Russian, foreign and Eastern classics. In 1895, Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev founded a school for gardeners and florists in the dormitory suburb of Mardakan (now school N23). He tried to lay a bosket in the sandstone, attempting to solve the problem of landscape gardening in Baku. Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev built a theatre in Baku. The first ever opera in the east “Leyli and Majnun”, written by the founder of Azerbaijani classic music and the eminent composer Uzeyir Hajibeyov, was staged in that very theatre on 25 January, 1908. He also sponsored the translation of the Koran into Azerbaijani. Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev lived on in the memories of the people not only as a generous philanthropist, but also as a person, who had a clear position on where and how he should spend the money he earned from producing oil. He invested his funds into fields, which could improve the wellbeing of Azerbaijani people. First and utmost, these were education, science, culture and developing the urban infrastructure of Baku and its suburbs. Construction of the railroad, laying the waterline and the establishment of firefighting services, all these facilities were available for all in Azerbaijan, thanks to Taghiyev, during he late 19th and into early 20th centuries. He allocated funds for schools, mosques in the entire Caucasus, for landscaping the Baku cemetery and building a madrasa in Teheran. He helped orphans, sick women and widows. Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev sent talented young people to study at universities in Moscow, Kazan, Petersburg and Europe. He built school buildings and supported intellectuals financially. Everybody, Azerbaijanis, Russians, Armenians, Jews, Georgians, went to Taghiyev, as everyone considered him the most influential and authoritative figure in Baku. The local media described him as the “pride of Muslims”. People called him “El Atasi” (Father of the nation) for his kind heart and noble deeds. However, the situation changed as the Bolsheviks seized power. They expelled Taghiyev from his own house and confiscated his property. When they were banished from their own home, Taghiyev told his family: ‘Take your personal belongings only, all the rest will be left for the people.’ Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev was allowed to live in his summerhouse in Mardakan thanks to Nariman Narimanov’s support. That is where he lived until the end of his life. Taghiyev died on 1 September 1924, when he was almost 101. A great throng of people came to bid him farewell. Despite all the persecutions and deprivations that he subsequently suffered, including his family members, he was celebrated then and still celebrated today as a hero because people had not forgotten all the good he had done. Sources: https://www.ourbaku.com/index.php http://portal.azertag.az/ru/node/674 Vocabulary Some keywords to remember: tycoons, philanthropists, eminent, brick-mason, rig, tenacity, gush, magnificent, landscape manuscript Classroom activities: Take the student’s to the Museum of History of Azerbaijan, and explore the many artifacts there. Also take time to observe and learn about the original owner of the building, Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev \ Subject: Class: Date: Lesson: Time: No. of pupils: Teacher (boys/girls) Social Students Grade 5 / 1 hour 6 / 7 / 8 Topic/Context Prior learning/experience Heroes of our Land: Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev Basic knowledge of English Language in the classroom Resources Focus of observation (if appropriate) Materials prepared for the purpose of teaching 1. Learning English language through social English through social studies studies 2. Connecting our societies with the rest of the world Learning Objectives/Intentions: Success Criteria /How Progress will be demonstrated: By the end of the lesson students will be able to: 1. Student ability to make connection between history and society over different centuries 1. Appreciate heroes in Azerbaijan and their 2. Peers interaction on the need to show support contribution to the society and care for our society 2. Origin of some of the first private initiatives in Azerbaijan Clock Learning Activity (TS3) Key Questions Differentiation Assessment Time (TS4) (TS5) Opportunities (TS6) Starter/Bell Work (Where How has our Some students Retentiveness of past appropriate): knowledge of might be new to the lessons; producing text previous lessons class, revising past of previous homework LA1: Welcome student to the lesson; helped our classwork help them attendance and messages understanding? to connect with the LA2: Review of previous lessons lesson Main Activities: What events in Students should be Critical analysis history happened at able to understand LA3: Discussion on the oil period in the time of the fist the sources of Azerbaijan and how has the wealth oil boom in Azerbaijan wealth capital transformed human capital Azerbaijan? and revenue LA4: Charity work around the world Plenary/Review: Why do people Give students time to Classroom participation. engage in charity? practice and learn LA5: List of charity organizations in How are funds how to spell difficult Azerbaijan and what they are doing raised for charity? words Homework /Independent Learning Which community Students will have Research ability, or people in different areas they developing ideas, final LA6: Plan a charity event: target Azerbaijan need might want to products beneficiaries, activities, etc. help? support (awareness) .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Azerbaijani Millionaire Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev's Attitude Towards Cultural Heritage
    YOUTH IN CONSERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE – YOCOCU 2016, MADRID- BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 1 YOUTH IN CONSERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE – YOCOCU 2016, MADRID- BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 2 Coordinated by: Instituto de Geociencias IGEO (CSIC, UCM) Co-organized by: Youth in Conservation of Cultural Heritage - YOCOCU España Museo Centro de Arte Reina Sofía MNCARS Fundación Reina Sofía Edited by: Mónica Álvarez de Buergo Beatriz Cámara Gallego Duygu Ergenc Sofía Melero Tur Elena Mercedes Pérez-Monserrat First edition Madrid © editorial work, the editors © texts, their authors © images, their authors © YOCOCU 2016 logo, Laura López © front cover image, Sofía Melero Tur ISBN: 978-84-617-4237-0 YOUTH IN CONSERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE – YOCOCU 2016, MADRID- BOOK OF ABSTRACTS SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Elia María ALONSO GUZMÁN Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Mexico Francisco Javier ALONSO University of Oviedo, Spain Nevin ALY Suez University, Egypt Joaquín BARRIO Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain Majda BEGIC Croatian Conservation Institute, YOCOCU Croatia David BENAVENTE Universidad de Alicante, Spain Manuel BETHENCOURT Universidad de Cádiz, Spain María Teresa BLANCO Instituto Eduardo Torroja de la Construcción y del Cemento, CSIC, Madrid, Spain Ernesto BORRELLI Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro, Italy Maria BRAI University of Palermo, Italy Maarten A.T.M. BROEKMANS Geological Survey of Norway - NGU Simone CAGNO Belgian Nuclear Research Center, YOCOCU Belgium Ana CALVO Spanish Group International Institute for Conservation
    [Show full text]
  • The Enlightenment Movement and Cultural Revival In
    THE ENLIGHTENMENT MOVEMENT AND CULTURAL REVIVAL IN AZERBAIJAN IN THE LATE 19TH CENTURY By Turkay Gasimova Submitted to Central European University Department of History In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Supervisor: Professor Alfred J. Rieber Second Reader: Professor Karl Hall CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary 2016 Copyright in the text of this thesis rests with the Author. Copies by any process, either in full or part, may be made only in accordance with the instructions given by the Author and lodged in the Central European Library. Details may be obtained from the librarian. This page must form a part of any such copies made. Further copies made in accordance with such instructions may not be made without the written permission of the Author. CEU eTD Collection i Abstract In this thesis I focus on the late 19th century Azerbaijani history from the perspective of intellectual history. I mainly talk about the Enlightenment Movement with an emphasize on the intellectual debates on Religion and Secularism. Intellectual influences of the newly emerged intelligentsia with a special focus on cultural and intellectual life in Baku is also one of the main focal points of the presented work. My main argument in the thesis is that, without cultural and intellectual revival of late 19th century, which became possible with Baku oil boom, establishing the first Democratic Republic in Muslim world in 1918 wouldn’t be possible. I start with Baku Oil Boom of 1870s and continue with the establishment of the first Azerbaijani newspaper, “Akinchi” and then after examining the main intellectual debates, I conclude the thesis with the two most influential Azerbaijani intellectuals of the late 19th century.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Geopolitics and Balance of Power in the Caspian Sea: Russia and Its Return to the Past Policy
    Journal of Central Eurasia Studies, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Vol. 12, No. 1, Spring & Summer 2019 1 The Impact of Geopolitics and Balance of Power in the Caspian Sea: Russia and its Return to the Past Policy Ali Akbar Jafari* Associate Professor of International Relations, Mazandaran University Dayyan Jaanbaaz PhD in International Relations, University of Tehran (Date received: Nov. 21. 2016 - Date approved: Sep. 5. 2017) Abstract After the Soviet Union collapse, the geopolitics of the Caspian Sea region was at the center of competition between coastal, regional and trans-regional powers. In the past two decades, due to the geopolitical realities of the region including (the Caspian sea legal regime, the geopolitical position of the Caspian Sea at the center of the geopolitical scopes of the Caucasus and Central Asia, the affiliations of regional and trans-regional powers in the Caspian, the type of behavioral patterns of the Caspian sea littoral states in political and economic relations with each other and transnational states and finally all types of geopolitics governing the region) this place has played the role of Eurasia’s new Heartland. In this connection, the geographical features of each country in the Caspian Sea have a special place for it. Russia is one of those countries which on the one hand, try to expand and maintain its former interests in this region by trying to expand its influence in the newly independent states and control the rise and expansion of American power in the region, on the other. Therefore, the research main question is that what kind of impacts the geopolitical features of the Caspian region have had on Russia’s attempt to return to its past imperial policies? In response to this question, the assumption of the research is that Russia has been struggling to remain the most powerful actor in the region through dynamic economy, political, security and environmental components of the Caspian Sea in an effort to remain the most powerful country of the region.
    [Show full text]
  • Statesmen and Public-Political Figures
    Administrative Department of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan P R E S I D E N T I A L L I B R A R Y CONTENTS STATESMEN, PUBLIC AND POLITICAL FIGURES ........................................................... 4 ALIYEV HEYDAR ..................................................................................................................... 4 ALIYEV ILHAM ........................................................................................................................ 6 MEHRIBAN ALIYEVA ............................................................................................................. 8 ALIYEV AZIZ ............................................................................................................................ 9 AKHUNDOV VALI ................................................................................................................. 10 ELCHIBEY ABULFAZ ............................................................................................................ 11 HUSEINGULU KHAN KADJAR ............................................................................................ 12 IBRAHIM-KHALIL KHAN ..................................................................................................... 13 KHOYSKI FATALI KHAN ..................................................................................................... 14 KHIABANI MOHAMMAD ..................................................................................................... 15 MEHDİYEV RAMİZ ...............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • City of Baku Goes Back to the Great Antiquity, Though the Exact Date of Its Rise Is Not Known up to Now
    Administrative Department of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan P R E S I D E N T I A L L I B R A R Y CAPITAL Contents General overview of Baku ...................................................................................................................... 2 Symbols of Baku city............................................................................................................................... 3 Flag of "Bacu" (Baku) in the Middle Ages .................................................................................................. 3 The emblem of Icheri sheher (the inner city) in the Middle ages .............................................................. 4 Baku’s first coats of arms .............................................................................................................................. 5 The emblem of Baku city at present ............................................................................................................. 6 History of Baku city Executive Power................................................................................................... 7 History of Baku ....................................................................................................................................... 8 On the etymology of the name “Baku” ........................................................................................................ 9 Antiquity ......................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Civic Education in Azerbaijan Naila Ismayilova, Baku (Azerbaijan
    Civic Education in Azerbaijan Naila Ismayilova, Baku (Azerbaijan) According to Article 42 of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan, citizens of the country have the right to education. The right to education implies not only a free compulsory general secondary education, but it also includes the right to creativity, acquisition of new knowledge and improvement of professional skills in various fields. The right to education is a social right in itself, and for this reason its provision is a basic state duty. This right increases the welfare of every citizen, their social protection and ensures an adequate standard of living. Thus, in accordance with part two of Article 15 of the Constitution, the Republic of Azerbaijan supports the development of culture, education, health, science, art, protects the environment of the country, historical, material and moral heritage of the people. However, the concept of “civic education” is not included in the legislation of Azerbaijan. The concepts of “informal education” and “non-formal education” can be referred to the close concept of “civil education” in the law of the Republic of Azerbaijan “On Education” adopted in 2009. The law stipulates that “informal education” is the acquisition of knowledge through self-education, and “non-formal education” is education obtained through courses, seminars and individual classes without the accompaniment of a state certificate of education. However, the civic education has deep roots in Azerbaijan. The first secular school for girls in the Muslim East was opened in Baku 114 years ago. The initiative to create the educational institution, as well as its financial support belonged to Hajji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev, a well- known benefactor.
    [Show full text]
  • Industry and Society in Baku, Azerbaijan, 1870- Present
    OIL CAPITAL: INDUSTRY AND SOCIETY IN BAKU, AZERBAIJAN, 1870- PRESENT by REBECCA LINDSAY HASTINGS A DISSERTATION Presented to the Department of History and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 2020 DISSERTATION APPROVAL PAGE Student: Rebecca Lindsay Hastings Title: Oil Capital: Industry and Society in Baku, Azerbaijan, 1870-Present This dissertation has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in the Department of History by: Julie Hessler Chairperson, Advisor Julie Weise Core Member Ryan Jones Core Member Alexander Murphy Institutional Representative and Kate Mondloch Interim Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School Degree awarded June 2020 ii © 2020 Rebecca Lindsay Hastings iii DISSERTATION ABSTRACT Rebecca Lindsay Hastings Doctor of Philosophy Department of History June 2020 Title: Oil Capital: Industry and Society in Baku, Azerbaijan, 1870-Present This dissertation is a historical study of the city of Baku, Azerbaijan, and its oil industry from the 1870s to the present, covering the tsarist Russian, Soviet, and post- Soviet eras. The history of the Baku oil industry offers a clear, focused example of the social and physical effects of the imposition of external parties’ financial and commodity demands on an urban-industrial setting. Baku as an urban environment, comprising not just the physical elements of the city but also its sociocultural communities, has embodied priorities imposed on the oil industry that have shifted as the global importance of oil and natural gas has grown, as those commodities’ uses have changed over time, and according to successive regimes’ respective political and economic ideologies.
    [Show full text]
  • 3D Modelization and the Industrial Heritage
    3D modelization and the industrial heritage Dr. Jean-Louis Kerouanton (assistant-professor), Université de Nantes, Centre François Viète, Epistémologie Histoire des sciences et des techniques, France Dr. Eng, Florent Laroche (assistant-professor), Ecole Centrale de Nantes, Laboratoire des sciences du numérique, France 3D modelization is very well known today in industry and engineering but also in games. Its applications for culture and human sciences are more recent. However, the development of such applications today is quite important in archaeology with amazing results. The proposal of this communication is to show how 3D modelling, and more generally data knowledge, provides new perspectives for approaching industrial archaeology, between knowledge, conservation and valorisation, especially in museums. A new way for us to imagine contemporary archaeology: by the way not only new methodology but actually archaeology of contemporary objects. That is we are trying in Nantes associated laboratories (Université de Nantes, Ecole centrale de Nantes) in stretch collaborations with museums. This double point of view succeeds necessarily with interdisciplinary questioning between engineering and human sciences approaches for the development of digital humanities. We are trying today to enhance and develop our interdisciplinary methodology for heritage and museology in a new ANR resarch project, RESEEDi1. Interdisciplinarity for valorization “When heritage becomes virtual” Over the past 10 years, our research collaboration has focused on industrial heritage. It is an interdisciplinary approach between the Centre François Viète2, a laboratory of history of science and technology from University of Nantes3, and the LS2N4, Laboratoire des sciences du numérique de Nantes, a mixt Research unity between CNRS , the University of Nantes and the Ecole Centrale de Nantes, and more precisely inside LS2N, the ex IRCCyN, a cybernetics laboratory from Centrale Nantes5.
    [Show full text]
  • The National Museum of History of Azerbaijan
    The National Museum of History of Azerbaijan The National Museum of History of Azerbaijan is a scientific research, cultural and educational establishment that is occupied with collecting, study, exhibit and propaganda of material and spiritual monuments concerning all periods of Azerbaijan history. The museum was created by the name of “The educational museum of native land” on June 15, 1920 attached to “Musexcursion” subdivision which was newly established at the department of out-of-school work of People’s Education Commissariat of Azerbaijan SSR. The materials of “Istiglal” museum opened on the occasion of anniversary of Parliament of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic on December 7, 1919, formed its main base. From July, 1920, it was called “The educational museum of native land – Istiglal (Independence) ” in honour of the above-mentioned museum. From October, 1920 to March, 1936 it was named as Azerbaijan SSR State Museum. From July, 1920 History Museum was placed in the palace built by a prominent oil baron and philanthropist, Hadji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev in 1895-1901. The museum received its first visitors in May, 1921. In the initial period of its establishment such departments as History, Archaeology and Ethnography, Botany and Zoology, Mineralogy and Geology, Fine Arts and Artistic Craft, Public Education, Auxiliary Educational Institutions, as well as the Society on Exploration of Azerbaijan - Native land and the Commission on Ancient Monuments’ Guard functioned in the museum. The Society on Studies and Exploration of Azerbaijan established in 1923 and functioning in close relationship with the museum united the said society and the commission under its direction. The following years in accordance with the demand of the period structural changes were made at the museum repeatedly.
    [Show full text]
  • Circulating Items Inventory - Azerbaijan
    Circulating Items Inventory - Azerbaijan Category of Item Item # Item Name English? Artist/Author Producer/Publisher Year Made Length Image Art/Photo 2175 Azerbaijan Landscapes No postcard set 2176 large postcard set No “Azerbaijan Miniatures” 2177 5 Azeri Novruz cards No 2178 postcard set No “Azerbaijanian Jewellery Art” [sic] Wednesday, June 02, 2010 Page 1 of 43 Category of Item Item # Item Name English? Artist/Author Producer/Publisher Year Made Length Image 2179 set of art cards No 2180 set of large cards No showing Azerbaijani carpets 2209 Shaki. The Palace of No Shaki Khans postcard set 2214 Azeri philanthropist No Zeynalabdin Taghiyev Wednesday, June 02, 2010 Page 2 of 43 Category of Item Item # Item Name English? Artist/Author Producer/Publisher Year Made Length Image 2506 Tin Engraving of Nizami No Cooperative ARZU (Azeri poet) 4354 Baku State University: Yes Aleskerov, Murtuz Baku 1994 1919-1994 4604 water_14.jpg No Greg Burris 4605 water_15.jpg No Greg Burris Wednesday, June 02, 2010 Page 3 of 43 Category of Item Item # Item Name English? Artist/Author Producer/Publisher Year Made Length Image 4682 Baku No Agasiyev, Alekper ISIQ 1994 22 4764 Azerbaijan landscapes No Farid Mamedov Extima 4766 Azerbaijanian Jewellery Yes Intourist 1989 28 pp. Art 4767 Azerbaijan Miniatures Yes Husseinzade, Huseyn Minaret 1996 20 pp. (photo & design) Advertising Company Wednesday, June 02, 2010 Page 4 of 43 Category of Item Item # Item Name English? Artist/Author Producer/Publisher Year Made Length Image 4768 Azerbaijan Carpets Yes Husseinzade, Huseyn Minaret 1996 20 pp. (photo & design) Advertising Company 4811 Azerbijanians Concert Yes Book/Bound 2160 Azerbaijan Republic No (country survey) 2161 Seki (in Latinic Azeri) No Wednesday, June 02, 2010 Page 5 of 43 Category of Item Item # Item Name English? Artist/Author Producer/Publisher Year Made Length Image 2162 Travel Brochure No “Gobustan” 2163 Azerbaijan State Theater No of Opera and Ballet 3096 The Azerbaijanis: People, Yes Editors Nicholas Bennett & Bloom 2009 255 pp.
    [Show full text]
  • Globalization, State Industrialization, and the Nineteenth Century Russian Petroleum Industry by Robert Alexander Ferguson
    Globalization, State Industrialization, and the Nineteenth Century Russian Petroleum Industry by Robert Alexander Ferguson A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in HISTORY Department of History and Classics University of Alberta © Robert Alexander Ferguson, 2019 ii Abstract When the Russian imperial government decided to embark on a project of capitalist industrialization in the years following their military defeat by Britain and France in the Crimean War, the political regime would be challenged to maintain its authority while instituting the necessary reforms. Although this was unappealing to supporters of the autocracy, external dangers (in the form of industrialized militaries) constituted a geopolitical threat to the Empire that could not be ignored by the government. Accordingly, policy officials in the Ministry of Finance attempted to industrialize and modernize while maintaining as much power in the center as possible. This paper analyzes one of the most successful of Russia’s new industries, the petroleum industry. Centered in Baku and Transcaucasia, the Russian petroleum industry became the largest producer in the world by 1900. This paper will examine how poorly the public institutions of the Russian Empire supported growth in the oilfields, and how the regime’s disinclination to abandon its traditional centripetal power structure prevented the emergence of the capitalist incentives that would allow for industrial growth led by the private sector. However this paper will also show that access to the globalized nineteenth-century world, led by the British Empire, could be a catalyst for industrial growth regardless of that industry’s domestic institutional environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Civic Education in Azerbaijan Naila Ismayilova, Baku (Azerbaijan)
    Civic Education in Azerbaijan Naila Ismayilova, Baku (Azerbaijan) According to Article 42 of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan, citizens of the country have the right to education. The right to education implies not only a free compulsory general secondary education, but it also includes the right to creativity, acquisition of new knowledge and improvement of professional skills in various fields. The right to education is a social right in itself, and for this reason its provision is a basic state duty. This right increases the welfare of every citizen, their social protection and ensures an adequate standard of living. Thus, in accordance with part two of Article 15 of the Constitution, the Republic of Azerbaijan supports the development of culture, education, health, science, art, protects the environment of the country, historical, material and moral heritage of the people. However, the concept of “civic education” is not included in the legislation of Azerbaijan. The concepts of “informal education” and “non-formal education” can be referred to the close concept of “civil education” in the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan “On Education” adopted in 2009. The law stipulates that “informal education” is the acquisition of knowledge through self-education, and “non- formal education” is education obtained through courses, seminars and individual classes without the accompaniment of a state certificate of education. However, the civic education has deep roots in Azerbaijan. The first secular school for girls in the Muslim East was opened in Baku 114 years ago. The initiative to create the educational institution, as well as its financial support belonged to Hajji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev, a well-known benefactor.
    [Show full text]