Comparison of Chemical Constituents in M. Alba Flower Oil Extracted by the Enfleurage Method, Steam Distillation and Hexane Extraction

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Ú Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 Û

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„π«“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°©∫—∫π’È ‡¿ —™°√À≠‘ß¡≥±°“ ∏’√™—¬ °ÿ≈ ®“°°Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° °√¡æ≤π“°“√·æ∑¬— ·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å ∑“ß‡≈å Õ°◊ ºŸâ´÷Ëß ”‡√®°“√»Á °…“¥÷ “π‚Œ¡â ‚Õæ“∏’ ’¬å®“° ∂“∫π‚Œ¡— ‚Õæ“∏’ ’¬å·Àß™“μà ‘ ª√–‡∑»Õ‘π‡¥’¬ ‰¥â‡ πÕ∫∑§«“¡‡√◊ËÕß ç‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å°—∫°“√ªÑÕß°—π‚√§√–∫“¥é ´÷Ëß‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕß§àÕπ¢â“ß„À¡à ”À√—∫§π‰∑¬ à«π„À≠à ®÷ß¢Õ∂◊Õ‚Õ°“ π”§«“¡√Ÿâæ◊Èπ∞“π‡°’Ë¬«°—∫»“ μ√å‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å¡“‡ πÕ‡ªìπ∫∑∫√√≥“∏‘°“√¢Õß©∫—∫.

‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å (Homeopathy À√◊Õ Homoeopathy) · ßÕ“∑‘μ¬å π“¡·¡à‡À≈Á° √—ß ’ À√◊Õ°√–· ‰øøÑ“ ‡√’¬°¬“ ‡ªìπ»“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ´÷Ëßª√–™“™π®”π«πÀπ÷Ëß„π °≈ÿà¡π’È«à“ùImponderabiliaû ´÷Ëß¡’§«“¡À¡“¬«à“ ù‰¡à “¡“√∂™—Ëß ∑«’ª¬ÿ‚√ªÀ≈“¬ª√–‡∑» ‡™àπ Ω√—Ëß‡» ‡π‡∏Õ√å·≈π¥å ‡∫≈‡¬’Ë¬¡ πÈ”Àπ—°‰¥âû. «’‡¥π Õ—ß°ƒ… √«¡∑—Èß„πª√–‡∑»Õ‘π‡¥’¬·≈–ª√–‡∑» ∫‘¥“¢Õß»“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬å‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å‡ªìπ·æ∑¬å·≈– À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“ ‰¥â„™â„π°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–∫”∫—¥‚√§°—π¡“ π—°‡§¡’™“«‡¬Õ√¡—π™◊ËÕ §√‘ ‡μ’¬π ø√’¥√‘§ ·´¡«≈ Œ“Àå‡πÕ¡“ππå π“π√âÕ¬°«à“ªï·≈â«. ù‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬åû ‡ªìπ§”¿“…“°√’° ùhomeoû (Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann) ´÷Ëß¡’™’«‘μÕ¬Ÿà ·ª≈«à“ similar §◊Õ §≈â“¬ À√◊Õ Õ¬à“ß‡¥’¬«°—π ·≈– ùpathosû √–À«à“ß §.». Ò˜ıı-Ò¯ÙÛ ´÷Ëß°“√·æ∑¬å„π ¡—¬π—Èπ¡—°„™â ·ª≈«à“ §«“¡∑ÿ°¢å∑√¡“π À√◊Õ‚√§, ‡ªìπ√–∫∫°“√·æ∑¬å∑’Ëπ” «‘∏’°“√√—°…“∑’Ë§àÕπ¢â“ß√ÿπ·√ß ‡æ◊ËÕ¢—∫ ‘Ëß∑’Ë∂◊Õ«à“‡ªìπ à«π‡°‘π μ—«¬“∑’Ë∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥Õ“°“√„π§πª√°μ‘§≈â“¬À√◊Õ·∫∫‡¥’¬«°—∫ ÕÕ°®“°√à“ß°“¬ ‡™àπ °“√‡®“–∂à“¬‡≈◊Õ¥∑‘Èß (‚¥¬‡™◊ËÕ«à“®–™à«¬ Õ“°“√¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬‚√§„¥‚√§Àπ÷Ëß ¡“„™â„π¢π“¥∑’ËμË”¡“°‡æ◊ËÕ ‡Õ“ ç‡≈◊Õ¥‡ ’¬é ÕÕ°®“°√à“ß°“¬), °“√∂à“¬∑âÕß¥â«¬¬“∂à“¬, √—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬‚√§π—Èπ ¥—ßÕª¡“«à“ÿ like cures like À√◊Õ¿“…“≈–μ‘π °“√ «π, °“√∑”„ÀâÕ“‡®’¬π, °“√„™â°”¡–∂—π·≈–ª√Õ∑‡ªìπ¬“. «à“ similia similibus curentur ´÷Ëß‡∑’¬∫‡§’¬ß°—∫ ”π«π‰∑¬ «‘∏’°“√‡À≈à“π’È¡—°∑”„ÀâºŸâªÉ«¬∑ÿ°¢å∑√¡“π‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ·≈–¡’Õ“°“√ ∑’Ë„°≈â‡§’¬ß∑’Ë ÿ¥ πà“®–‡ªìπÀ≈—°°“√ çÀπ“¡¬Õ°‡Õ“Àπ“¡∫àßé ‡≈«≈ß°«à“‡¥‘¡ Œ“Àå‡πÕ¡“ππå®÷ß‡≈‘°√—°…“‚√§¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√¥—ß π—Ëπ‡Õß. μ—«¬“∑’Ë„™âÕ“®¡“®“°∏√√¡™“μ‘ ‡™àπ ®“°æ◊™ —μ«å °≈à“« ·≈–æ¬“¬“¡§‘¥À“«‘∏’°“√∑’Ëπÿà¡π«≈°«à“·≈–¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘- ®ÿ≈‘π∑√’¬å ·√à∏“μÿ “√‡§¡’ À√◊Õ®“°°√–∫«π°“√ —ß‡§√“–Àå ¿“æ¡“„™â„π°“√√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬. À√◊Õ®“°Õ«—¬«– ™‘Èπ à«π¢ÕßÕ«—¬«–∑’Ë‡°‘¥æ¬“∏‘ ¿“æ ‘Ëß§—¥ ‡Àμÿ°“√≥å ”§—≠∑’Ë∑”„ÀâŒ“Àå‡πÕ¡“ππå§âπæ∫À≈—°°“√ À≈—ËßÀ√◊Õ¢Õß‡À≈«®“°√à“ß°“¬¢Õß¡πÿ…¬åÀ√◊Õ —μ«å∑’Ë¡’®ÿ≈™’æ°àÕ√—°…“‚√§«‘∏’„À¡à∑’Ë‡¢“μ—Èß™◊ËÕ„π‡«≈“μàÕ¡“«à“ ç‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬åé ‚√§Õ¬Ÿà. ªí®®ÿ∫—π¬—ß¡’¬“·∫∫‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬åÕ’°ª√–‡¿∑Àπ÷Ëß∑’Ë ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ‡¡◊ËÕ‡¢“·ª≈μ”√“¬“ ùA Treatise on the Materia ‡μ√’¬¡®“°æ≈—ßß“π∏√√¡™“μ‘À√◊ÕªØ‘°‘√‘¬“∑“ßøî ‘° å ‡™àπ Medicaû ¢Õß«‘≈‡≈’Ë¬¡ §—≈‡≈π (William Cullen) ·æ∑¬å™“« * ∂“∫—π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√ °ÁÕμ ´÷Ëß°≈à“«∂÷ß‡ª≈◊Õ°μâπ´‘π‚§π“®“°ª√–‡∑»‡ª√«à“ “¡“√∂Ÿ ·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° √—°…“‚√§¡“≈“‡√’¬‰¥â. ‡¢“®÷ß∑¥≈Õß„™â‡ª≈◊Õ°μâπ´‘π‚§π“°—∫

ı ˆ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

μ—«‡Õß ·≈â«æ∫«à“ ¡ÿπ‰æ√π’È∑”„Àâ‡¢“¡’Õ“°“√§≈â“¬‡ªìπ‚√§ ù´’û À√◊Õ centesimal potency. ‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ªŒ“Àå‡πÕ¡“ππå ¡“≈“‡√’¬ ´÷ËßÕ“°“√π’Èπà“®–‡°‘¥„π§π ÿ¢¿“æ¥’∑ÿ°§π∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫ π—∫ πÿπ„Àâ„™â°“√‡®◊Õ®“ß Û ´’ À√◊Õ‡∑à“°—∫‡®◊Õ®“ß≈ß‰ª ‡ª≈◊Õ°μâπ´‘π‚§π“. °“√§âπæ∫π’È∑”„ÀâŒ“Àå‡πÕ¡“ππå‡ πÕ ÒÛ À√◊Õ Òˆ ‡∑à“‡ªìπ§«“¡·√ß¡“μ√∞“π ´÷Ëß„π∑“ß‡§¡’ À≈—°°“√√—°…“‚√§„À¡à∑’Ë«à“ ç “√∑’Ë “¡“√∂∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥°≈ÿà¡Õ“°“√ §«“¡‡®◊Õ®“ß√–¥—∫π’ÈÀ“°‡ªìπ¬“∑’Ë‡®◊Õ®“ß¥â«¬πÈ”®–‰¡à¡’ ·∫∫Àπ÷Ëß„π§πª√°μ‘ “¡“√∂π”¡“„™â√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡’Õ“°“√ “√≈–≈“¬‡√‘Ë¡·√°‡À≈◊ÕÕ¬Ÿà·¡â·μà‚¡‡≈°ÿ≈‡¥’¬« §◊Õ‡À≈◊Õ·μà Õ¬à“ß‡¥’¬«°—π‰¥âé. πÈ”‡∑à“π—Èπ. ·μà°“√·æ∑¬å‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å‡™◊ËÕ«à“¥â«¬°√–∫«π°“√ μàÕ¡“ Œ“Àå‡πÕ¡“ππå‰¥â∑¥ Õ∫¬“‡¥’Ë¬«Õ’°À≈“¬™π‘¥°—∫ ‡æ‘Ë¡§«“¡·√ß πÈ”®–¬—ß§ß√—°…“ ù§«“¡®”û ·≈– ¡∫—μ‘∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ μπ‡Õß ·≈–∑¥ Õ∫¬“∑’Ë‡®◊Õ®“ß¡“° Ê „πºŸâ∑’Ë¡’ ÿ¢¿“æ¥’ ¢Õß “√∑’ËπÈ”‡§¬ —¡º— ‰¥â ®÷ß¬—ß¡’ √√æ§≥„π°“√∫”∫—¥‚√§Õ¬ÿ Ÿà. ∫—π∑÷°º≈¢Õß¬“∑’Ë‡°‘¥¢÷ÈπμàÕ√à“ß°“¬·≈–®‘μ„®Õ¬à“ß≈–‡Õ’¬¥ Õ¬à“ß‰√°Áμ“¡ ·æ∑¬å‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å à«π¡“°„π¬ÿ§‡¥’¬«°—∫ ·≈–‡¢’¬πμ”√“∑’Ë¡’‡π◊ÈÕÀ“‡°’Ë¬«°—∫¬“∑’Ëæ‘ ®πåƒ∑∏‘Ï·≈â«π—Èπ¡“°°«à“Ÿ Œ“Àå‡πÕ¡“ππåπ‘¬¡„™â¬“∑’Ë‡®◊Õ®“ßπâÕ¬°«à“π’È. Ò ™π‘¥. πÕ°®“°π—Èπ ‡¢“¬—ß‰¥âº ¡º “π¢âÕ —ß‡°μ‡°’Ë¬« ‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å®÷ß‡ªìπ»“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬å∑’Ë¡’¡ÿ¡¡Õß‡√◊ËÕß °—∫º≈¢Õß¬“‡À≈à“π—Èπ°—∫ª√– ∫°“√≥å∑“ß‡«™°√√¡, §«“¡√Ÿâ §«“¡‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬ À≈—°°“√«‘π‘®©—¬·≈–∫”∫—¥‚√§ ·π«∑“ß‡«™ªØ‘∫—μ‘ ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫ ¡ÿπ‰æ√·≈–μ—«¬“μà“ß Ê ·≈–§«“¡√Ÿâ¥â“πæ‘…«‘∑¬“ √«¡∑—Èßº≈‘μ¿—≥±å¬“‡ªìπ¢Õßμπ‡Õß ´÷Ëß·μ°μà“ß®“°°“√·æ∑¬å æ—≤π“‡ªìπ·π«∑“ß‡«™ªØ‘∫—μ‘μ“¡À≈—°‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å ´÷Ëß¡’À≈—° ·ºπªí®®ÿ∫—π‚¥¬ ‘Èπ‡™‘ß ‚¥¬‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ß¬‘Ëß „π‡√◊ËÕß¢Õß°“√„™â °“√ ”§—≠ Ê πÕ°‡Àπ◊Õ®“° çlike cures likeé ¥—ßπ’È ¬“∑’Ë‡®◊Õ®“ßÕ¬à“ß¡“°„π°“√√—°…“ ´÷Ëß‰¡àÕ“®Õ∏‘∫“¬°≈«‘∏“π°“√

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● °“√‡≈◊Õ°„™â¬“·∫∫‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å μâÕßæ‘®“√≥“®“° ®“°¬“À≈Õ°. ”À√—∫°“√«‘‡§√“–Àåº≈ß“π«‘®—¬∑’Ëºà“π¡“¥â«¬ ¿“æ√«¡¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬∑—ÈßÕ“°“√‚√§, §√√≈Õß™’«‘μ, ¿“«–‚¿™π“°“√, meta-analysis ∫“ß√“¬ß“π √ÿª«à“‰¡à¡’À≈—°∞“π‡æ’¬ßæÕ∑’Ë ¿“«–Õ“√¡≥å ®‘μ„® ·≈–ªí®®—¬Õ◊Ëπ Ê ª√–°Õ∫°—π. ¥—ßπ—Èπ π—∫ πÿπ«à“°“√√—°…“·∫∫‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ„π°“√ ºŸâªÉ«¬ ∑’Ë¡’Õ“°“√‡À¡◊Õπ°—πÕ“®‰¥â√—∫¬“∑’Ë‰¡à‡À¡◊Õπ°—π. ∫”∫—¥‚√§À√◊ÕÕ“°“√‚√§‰¥â À√◊Õ √ÿª«à“º≈°“√√—°…“·∫∫‚Œ¡’-

● ≈—°…≥–‡©æ“–¢Õß‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å´÷Ëß‡ªìπÀ≈—°°“√∑’Ë¡’ ‚Õæ“∏’¬åπà“®–‡°‘¥®“°º≈¢Õß¬“À≈Õ°. ·μà°Á¡’√“¬ß“π∑’ËÕâ“ß ¢âÕ‚μâ·¬âß¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ §◊Õ ƒ∑∏‘Ï¢Õß¬“®–‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ·≈–º≈¢â“ß‡§’¬ß «à“°“√√—°…“¥â«¬‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å„Àâº≈¥’ ·μà¬—ß‰¡àÕ“® √ÿªº≈‰¥â ®–≈¥≈ß‰¥â‚¥¬°“√‡®◊Õ®“ßμ—«¬“μ“¡≈”¥—∫ ¥â«¬μ—«∑”‡®◊Õ®“ß ·πàπÕπ‡π◊ËÕß®“°√–‡∫’¬∫«‘∏’«‘®—¬¢ÕßÀ≈“¬√“¬ß“π‰¡à¥’æÕ ‡™àπ πÈ”À√◊Õ·Õ≈°ÕŒÕ≈å„π°√≥’¬“∑’Ë‡ªìπ¢Õß‡À≈« À√◊Õ ·≈–ß“π«‘®—¬∑’Ë„Àâº≈‡™‘ß≈∫Õ“®‰¡à‰¥âμ’æ‘¡æå‡º¬·æ√à, ´÷Ëß ·≈§‚μ „π°√≥’¬“∑’Ë‡ªìπ¢Õß·¢Áß, ·≈–∑”°“√‡¢¬à“Õ¬à“ß·√ß √“¬ß“π°“√«‘‡§√“–Àåª√– ‘∑∏‘º≈¢Õß‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å¥â«¬ meta- ¥â«¬¡◊ÕÀ√◊Õ¥â«¬‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊ÕÕ¬à“ßπâÕ¬ Ò §√—Èß„π∑ÿ°≈”¥—∫°“√ analysis ∑’Ë¡—°ÕÕ°¡“„π‡™‘ß≈∫ ‰¥â √â“ß§«“¡‰¡àæÕ„®·≈– ‡®◊Õ®“ß √«¡‡√’¬°«à“ ç°√–∫«π°“√‡æ‘Ë¡§«“¡·√ßé (potenti- °√–· μàÕμâ“π®“°ºŸâª√–°Õ∫‚√§»‘≈ª–¥â«¬»“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬åπ’È zation À√◊Õ dynamization). ´÷Ëßμ“¡À≈—°°“√¥—Èß‡¥‘¡·≈–¬—ß ¥—ß®–‡ÀÁπ‰¥â®“°∫∑§«“¡∑’Ë«‘æ“°…å«‘®“√≥å√“¬ß“π°“√ §ßπ‘¬¡„™â„πªí®®ÿ∫—π °“√‡®◊Õ®“ß„π·μà≈–¢—ÈπμÕπ®–„™â «‘‡§√“–Àå‡À≈à“π—Èπ«à“ºŸâπ‘æπ∏å¡’§«“¡≈”‡Õ’¬ß ¥—ßπ—Èπ §ß®–μâÕß Õ—μ√“ à«π Ò:Ò ‚¥¬º ¡πÈ”¬“/ “√μ—Èßμâπ Ò à«π°—∫μ—«∑” ¡’°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬¥â«¬√–‡∫’¬∫«‘∏’«‘®—¬∑’Ë‡À¡“– ¡‡æ◊ËÕæ‘ Ÿ®πå ‡®◊Õ®“° ˘ à«π ‡√’¬°«à“ §«“¡·√ß (potency) ù¥’û À√◊Õ deci- ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ¢Õß‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å°—πμàÕ‰ª. mal potency À√◊Õ„™âÕ—μ√“ à«π Ò:Ò ‚¥¬º ¡πÈ”¬“/ “√ ‰¡à«à“º≈°“√«‘®—¬∑“ß‡«™°√√¡®–‡ªìπ‡™àπ‰√ ªí®®ÿ∫—π§“¥ μ—Èßμâπ Ò à«π°—∫μ—«∑”‡®◊Õ®“° ˘˘ à«π ‡√’¬°«à“ §«“¡·√ß «à“¡’ª√–™“°√ª√–¡“≥ ı ≈â“π§π∑—Ë«‚≈°∑’Ë„™â∫√‘°“√·æ∑¬å Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ˜

‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å„π°“√√—°…“ ‚¥¬‡©æ“–„πª√–‡∑»Õ‘π‡¥’¬¡’ºŸâ medicine) ‰¥â¡’¡μ‘‡ÀÁπ™Õ∫„ÀâÕß§å°“√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°„Àâ°“√ ª√–°Õ∫‚√§»‘≈ª–¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å∑’Ë®¥∑–‡∫’¬π π—∫ πÿπ∑“ß«‘™“°“√‡æ◊ËÕæ—≤π“«‘∏’°“√·≈–æ—≤π“¬“·∫∫‚Œ¡’- ·≈â«¡“°°«à“ ÚÒ˜, §π. à«π„πª√–‡∑» À√“™Õ“≥“®—°√ ‚Õæ“∏’¬å„Àâ¡’§ÿ≥¿“æ ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ ·≈–§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬ ·≈– ª√–‡∑»Ω√—Ëß‡» ·≈–ª√–‡∑»‡¬Õ√¡π’¡’·æ∑¬åºŸâª√–°Õ∫‚√§ ‡√‘Ë¡®—¥∑”·π«ªØ‘∫—μ‘ √«¡∑—Èß∫∑π‘¬“¡»—æ∑å‡©æ“–¥â“π‚Œ¡’‚Õ- »‘≈ª–¥â“π‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫„∫Õπ≠“μ¡“°°«à“ÿ ÒÚ, §π, æ“∏’¬å ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ‡°‘¥§«“¡‡¢â“„®∑’Ëμ√ß°—π ´÷Ëß¢≥–π’È°”≈—ßÕ¬Ÿà„π „πª√–‡∑»Ω√—Ëß‡» ª√–™“™πª√–¡“≥√âÕ¬≈– Ù „™â¬“·∫∫ √–À«à“ß°“√®—¥∑”‡Õ° “√¥—ß°≈à“«Õ¬Ÿà. ‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å ·≈– À¿“æ¬ÿ‚√ª‰¥âÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬§«∫§ÿ¡°“√ ·æ∑¬å‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å¡“μ—Èß·μà §.». ÚÒ (Directive ÚÒ/ ‡Õ° “√ª√–°Õ∫°“√‡√’¬∫‡√’¬ß ¯Û/EC). ‡Àμÿº≈∑’Ë°“√·æ∑¬å‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å‰¥â√—∫§«“¡π‘¬¡„π Ò. ¡≥±°“ ∏’√™—¬ °ÿ≈. ‰¢§«“¡≈—∫ ç°“√∫”∫—¥·∫∫‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’é. æ‘¡æå ª√–‡∑»‡À≈à“π’È πÕ°‡Àπ◊Õ®“°°“√∑’ËºŸâ„™â®–‡ÀÁπ«à“„™â‰¥âº≈·≈â« §√—Èß·√°. °√ÿß‡∑æ¡À“π§√ : ∫√‘…—∑‡¬≈‚≈à°“√æ‘¡æå (1988) ®”°—¥; 2547, 84 Àπâ“. ¢âÕ¥’Õ◊Ëπ Ê §◊Õ ¬“·∫∫‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å¡’§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬ Ÿß ·∑∫ Ú. National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine ‰¡à∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥Õ“°“√‰¡àæ÷ßª√– ß§å ·≈–‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª °“√√—°…“ [homepage on the Internet]. Research Report: Questions and answers about homeopathy. [cited 2007 May 18]; [11 screens]. Available from: ∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å¡’§à“„™â®à“¬∂Ÿ°°«à“°“√√—°…“¥â«¬ URL: http://nccam.nih.gov/health/homeopathy/ °“√·æ∑¬å·ºπªí®®ÿ∫—π§àÕπ¢â“ß¡“°. ”À√—∫ª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ ¬—ß Û. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia [homepage on the Internet]. Homeopathy. [cited 2007 May 17]; [24 screens]. Available from: URL: ‰¡à¡’°“√√—∫√Õß°“√·æ∑¬å‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å„Àâ‡ªìπ°“√ª√–°Õ∫‚√§ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeopathy »‘≈ª– ·≈–¬—ß‰¡à¡’°“√¢÷Èπ∑–‡∫’¬π¬“·∫∫‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å. Ù. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia [homepage on the Internet]. Samuel ¡—™™“ ÿ¢¿“æ‚≈° (World Health Assembly) „π Hahnemann. [cited 2007 May 17]; [24 screens]. Available from: URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Samuel_Hahnemann Õß§å°“√Õπ“¡—¬‚≈°´÷Ëß¡’π‚¬∫“¬·≈–¬ÿ∑∏»“ μ√å¥â“π°“√ ı. Kleijnen J, Knipschild P, ter Riet G. Clinical trials of homoeopathy. Brit ·æ∑¬å·ºπ¥—Èß‡¥‘¡ (traditional medicine) °“√·æ∑¬å‡ √‘¡ Med J 1991;302(6772):316-23. ˆ. World Health Organization. Revised Draft: WHO guidelines on quality ·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° (complementary and alternative for safety of homeopathic medicines. March 2007. 43 pages. «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬åå å∑“ß‡≈åå ◊Õ°◊◊ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°ªï∑’Ë ı ©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡-‡¡…“¬π Úıı Vol.ªï∑’Ë ı©∫5 No.—∫∑’Ë 1Ò ¡°√“§¡January-April - ‡¡…“¬π 2007Úıı ∫∑§«“¡æ‘‡»… ‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å°—∫°“√ªÑÕß°—π‚√§√–∫“¥

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≥ ¢≥–π’È ‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å‡ªìπ»“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°∑’Ë ªí®®—¬¿“¬„π. ‰¥â√—∫§«“¡π‘¬¡¡“°„π‚≈°μ‘¥Õ—π¥—∫Àπ÷Ëß„πÀâ“. ¬‘Ëß‰ª°«à“π—Èπ „π∑“ß‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å ‡√“„Àâ§«“¡ ”§—≠°—∫°“√·°â‰¢∑’Ë À≈“¬ª√–‡∑»¬—ß„Àâ°“√¬Õ¡√—∫·≈–π”‡Õ“»“ μ√åπ’È‡¢â“ Ÿà√–∫∫ ªí®®—¬¿“¬„π¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬‡ªìπÀ≈—°. à«πªí®®—¬¿“¬πÕ°π—Èπ‡ªìπ ÿ¢¿“æ·Ààß™“μ‘ ‡™àπ ª√–‡∑»Õ—ß°ƒ… Ω√—Ëß‡» ‡¬Õ√¡π’ ‘Ëß∑’Ë “¡“√∂À≈’°‡≈’Ë¬ß·≈–ªÑÕß°—π‰¥â À“°ºŸâªÉ«¬·≈–·æ∑¬å¡’ ‡¡°´‘‚° ∫√“´‘≈ Õ‘π‡¥’¬ »√’≈—ß°“ ª“°’ ∂“π. ∑—Èßπ’È¥â«¬ §«“¡√ŸâÕ¬à“ß‡æ’¬ßæÕ ´÷Ëßπ’Ë°Á‡ªìπ‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑’Ë ”§—≠·≈–‡ªìπ ‘Ëß∑’Ë ‡Àμÿº≈À≈—° Ú ª√–°“√§◊Õ ¡’§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬ Ÿß ·≈–º≈°“√ μâÕß∑”‡ªìπª√–°“√·√° ¥—ß∑’Ë∫‘¥“·Ààß°“√·æ∑¬å°≈à“«‰«â«à“ √—°…“∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫‡¡◊ËÕ‡∑’¬∫°—∫√“§“¬“π—Èπ®—¥«à“§ÿâ¡§à“Õ¬à“ß¡“°. ç ”À√—∫·æ∑¬å∑’Ë©≈“¥ ‰¡à®”‡ªìπμâÕß∫Õ°„Àâ‡¢“√Ÿâ‡≈¬«à“ ‘Ëß “‡ÀμÿÀ≈—°¢Õß°“√‡°‘¥‚√§μ“¡·π«§‘¥·≈–ª√—™≠“¢Õß ·√°∑’Ë·æ∑¬å§«√°√–∑”§◊Õ °“√¢®—¥ªí®®—¬∑’ËÀ≈àÕ‡≈’È¬ß„Àâ‚√§ °“√∫”∫—¥„π√Ÿª·∫∫π’Èπ—Èπ¡’Õß§åª√–°Õ∫¡“®“° Ú ªí®®—¬À≈—° ¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬π—Èπ¥”√ßÕ¬Ÿàé. §◊Õ ªí®®—¬¿“¬πÕ°·≈–ªí®®—¬¿“¬„π ¥—ß∑’Ë·æ∑¬å¥â“ππ’È°≈à“« ¥—ßπ—Èπ°“√„™â¬“∫”∫—¥‚√§‚¥¬À≈—°°“√‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å®÷ß ‰«â«à“ ç«—≥‚√§‡°‘¥®“°‡™◊ÈÕ«—≥‚√§ ·μàÀ“°ºŸâ∑’Ë —¡º— ‡™◊ÈÕ«—≥‚√§ ‡ªìπ°“√¡ÿàßμ√ß‰ª¬—ßªí®®—¬∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬„πºŸâªÉ«¬°≈à“«§◊Õ °√–μÿâπ ‰¡à¡’§«“¡‰«√—∫‡™◊ÈÕ«—≥‚√§ ‡¢“°Á‰¡à‡ªìπ«—≥‚√§é π—Ëπ§◊Õ ‡™◊ÈÕ „Àâ√à“ß°“¬ “¡“√∂ Ÿâ°—∫§«“¡‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬π—Èπ‰¥â¥â«¬μ—«¢Õß‡¢“‡Õß «—≥‚√§ ®—¥‡ªìπªí®®—¬¿“¬πÕ° ·≈–§«“¡‰«√—∫‡™◊ÈÕ«—≥‚√§‡ªìπ ¬“‡ªìπ‡æ’¬ßμ—«°√–μÿâπ„Àâ√à“ß°“¬ “¡“√∂ Ÿâ°—∫‚√§μ“¡¢—ÈπμÕπ ·≈–°√–∫«π°“√∏√√¡™“μ‘ ´÷Ëß∑â“¬∑’Ë ÿ¥º≈„π√–¬–¬“«∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫ *°Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√ ®“°°“√°√–μÿâππ’È°Á§◊Õ √à“ß°“¬¡’§«“¡·¢Áß·√ß¡“°¢÷Èπ À√◊Õ¡’ ·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ππ∑∫ÿ√’ ÒÒ §«“¡‰«√—∫‚√§μà“ß Ê ≈¥≈ßπ—Ëπ‡Õß ®÷ß¡’§”°≈à“«®“°√“¬ß“π

¯ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ˘

∫“ß‡≈à¡«à“ °“√„™â¬“μ“¡À≈—°‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å°Á‡ ¡◊Õπ°“√©’¥ Asiatic Cholera, 1831) ∑’Ë∑”„Àâ‚√§π’È∑’Ë·æ√à¡“®“°ª√–‡∑» «—§´’ππ—Ëπ‡Õß. Õ¬à“ß‰√°Á¥’ √–¥—∫ª√—™≠“·π«§‘¥¬—ß¡’§«“¡ Õ‘π‡¥’¬ ·≈–√–∫“¥¢â“¡¡“∑“ß∑«’ª¬ÿ‚√ª æ√âÕ¡°—∫§√à“™’«‘μ§π ·μ°μà“ß°—πÕ¬Ÿà¡“°. ‡ªìπ®”π«π¡“°„π¬ÿ‚√ª °≈—∫μÕ∫ πÕß¥’μàÕ°“√√—°…“·∫∫ ®“°·π«§«“¡§‘¥¢â“ßμâπ®÷ß∑”„Àâ¡’°“√ª√–¬°μåÀ≈—°‚Œ¡’-ÿ ‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å °≈à“«§◊Õ ¡’Õ—μ√“μ“¬πâÕ¬°«à“√âÕ¬≈– Ú „π¢≥– ‚Õæ“∏’¬å‰ª„™â„π°“√ªÑÕß°—π‚√§√–∫“¥‡™àπ°—π ·≈–„π∫“ß ∑’Ë°“√√—°…“·ºπªí®®ÿ∫—π„π¬ÿ§π—Èπ¡’Õ—μ√“μ“¬ Ÿß∂÷ß√âÕ¬≈– ı. ª√–‡∑»∂÷ß°—∫¡’°“√ àß‡ √‘¡·≈–¬Õ¡√—∫„Àâ¡’°“√π”‰ª„™â‰¥â ß“π‡¢’¬πÕ◊Ëπ Ê ∑’Ë‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å „π°“√ªÑÕß°—π‚√§ Õ¬à“ß·æ√àÀ≈“¬ ´÷Ëß ”À√—∫·æ∑¬å‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å·≈â«Õ“®°≈à“«‰¥â √–∫“¥ ‡™àπ ß“π‡¢’¬π®“° American Institute of «à“°“√π”¬“‰ª„™â‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ªÑÕß°—π‚√§∑’Ëμ‘¥μàÕ‰¥âπ—Èπ‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ë Homoeopathy (§.». Ò˘Ù) ‡√◊ËÕß °“√„™â Viliolinum ∏√√¡¥“¡“°‡ ¡◊Õπ°—∫°“√∫√‘‚¿§Õ“À“√„π™’«‘μª√–®”«—π. ªÑÕß°—π‚√§‰¢â∑√æ‘…, Prophylactic medicine: allopathic and homeopathic ¢Õß Dr. Grimmer A.H. ‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å°—∫‚√§√–∫“¥„πª√–«—μ‘»“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬å ®“°ª√–«—μ‘»“ μ√åæ∫«à“ ß“πμ’æ‘¡æå™‘Èπ·√°∑’Ë‡°’Ë¬«¢âÕß°—∫ ‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å„™â„π°“√ªÑÕß°—π‚√§√–∫“¥‰¥â®√‘ßÀ√◊Õ °“√π”‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å‰ª„™âªÑÕß°—π‚√§√–∫“¥§◊Õ ß“π¢Õß∫‘¥“ ‘Ëß∑’Ëπà“ π„®¡“°°«à“ª√–«—μ‘»“ μ√å«à“ ‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å‰¥â‡§¬ ·Ààß°“√·æ∑¬å∑à“ππ’È¿“¬„μâ™◊ËÕ çCure and Prevention of ∂Ÿ°π”‰ª„™â‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ªÑÕß°—πÀ√◊Õ√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬‚√§√–∫“¥À√◊Õ‰¡à Scarlet Fever, 1801é ´÷Ëß‡ªìπ°“√„™â‡∫≈≈“¥Õππ“ (Bella- ·≈–π”‰ª„™âÕ¬à“ß‰√π—Èπ §◊Õ °“√μ—Èß§”∂“¡∂÷ß∑’Ë¡“«à“‡Àμÿ„¥®÷ß donna) ‡ªìπ¬“„π√Ÿª·∫∫‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å (¬“πÈ”‡®◊Õ®“ß Ú À¬¥) ¡’°“√‡≈◊Õ°¬“‡æ’¬ßμ”√—∫‡¥’¬«‰ª„™â„π°“√ªÑÕß°—π‚√§√–∫“¥ „π°“√ªÑÕß°—π‚√§√–∫“¥Õ’¥”Õ’·¥ß (Scarlet fever) √«∫√«¡ π—Èπ Ê ∑—Èß Ê ∑’Ëμ”√—∫¬“„πÀ≈—°°“√π’È¡’¡“°°«à“ Ò μ”√—∫„π ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈®“°°“√√–∫“¥„π §.». Ò¯. μàÕ¡“¡’°“√√“¬ß“π´È” ¬ÿ§°àÕππ—Èπ °√–∫«π°“√§—¥ √√μ”√—∫¬“π—Èπ Ê ¡’§«“¡πà“‡™◊ËÕ ‚¥¬·æ∑¬å‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å™◊ËÕ¥—ßÕ’°∑à“π§◊Õ π“¬·æ∑¬å¥Ÿ‡®’¬π ∑’Ë ∂◊Õ‡æ’¬ß„¥. Õâ“ß«à“¡’·æ∑¬åÕ’°ª√–¡“≥ Ò §π∑’Ëπ”‡∫≈≈“¥Õππ“‰ª„™â ¥â«¬°√–∫«π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å∑’Ë¬÷¥§«“¡®√‘ß ªÑÕß°—π‚√§Õ’¥”Õ’·¥ß „π‡¥Á°®”π«π Ò,ˆÙˆ §π ∑”„Àâ¡’‡¥Á° ∑’Ë‡ªìπμ—«°≈“ß„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√·≈–°“√·ª≈º≈ ®÷ß∑”„Àâ°“√·ª≈ ‡æ’¬ß ÒÚÛ §π (√âÕ¬≈– ˜.Ù˜ ) ‡∑à“π—Èπ∑’Ëμ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ‚√§¥—ß°≈à“« º≈μâÕßÕ“»—¬¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈®”π«π¡“°„π ∂“π°“√≥å®√‘ß ≥ ¢≥–π—Èπ (®—¥«à“‰¥âº≈ªÑÕß°—π¥’¡“°‡¡◊ËÕ‡∑’¬∫°—∫Õÿ∫—μ‘°“√μ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ∑—Ë«‰ª ‡ªìπμ—«°”Àπ¥ ‰¡à “¡“√∂§“¥À«—ßÀ√◊Õπ÷°Ωíπ≈¡ Ê ·≈âß Ê ‰¥â. ¢≥–π—Èπª√–¡“≥√âÕ¬≈– ˘). ¥—ßπ—Èπ¢âÕ √ÿª¢Õßμ”√—∫¬“∑’Ë “¡“√∂π”¡“„™â‡ªìπ¬“‡æ◊ËÕªÑÕß°—π º≈ß“πμàÕ¡“¢Õßπ“¬·æ∑¬åºŸâπ’È°—∫°“√„™â¬“μ“¡À≈—° ‚√§√–∫“¥ ≥ ¢≥–Àπ÷Ëß Ê π—Èπ ®÷ßμâÕß‡ªìπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‚¥¬μ√ß®“° ‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å‡æ◊ËÕ√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬¿“«–©°‡©‘π®“°‚√§√–∫“¥√ÿ π·√ßÿ æ◊Èπ∑’Ë∑’Ë¡’°“√√–∫“¥. ·æ∑¬åμâÕß∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë„π°“√√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ª√– ∫§«“¡ ”‡√Á®Õ’°§√—Èß·≈–‚¥àß¥—ß‰ª∑—Ë«§◊Õ °“√√—°…“ ¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥·≈–∑ÿ°§π‡∑à“∑’Ë®–∑”‰¥â ‚¥¬®–μâÕß®—¥ ºŸâªÉ«¬®“°°“√√–∫“¥‰¢â√“° “¥πâÕ¬ (∏—¬øÕ¬¥å) ∑’Ë‡¡◊Õß‰≈ªá´‘° À¡«¥À¡Ÿà·¬°‰«â‡ªìπÕ“°“√∑’Ë‡°‘¥¢÷Èπμ—Èß·μàÀ—«®√¥‡∑â“∑—Èß ª√–‡∑»‡¬Õ√¡π’„πªï Ò¯ÒÛ °≈à“«§◊Õ‡¢“√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ ¿“¬πÕ°·≈–¿“¬„π¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬ √«¡∂÷ß ¿“«–·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë Ò¯ §π ¡’‡æ’¬ß Ú §π‡∑à“π—Èπ∑’Ë‡ ’¬™’«‘μ ´÷Ëß„π‡«≈“‡¥’¬«°—π ‡°’Ë¬«¢âÕß∑’Ë¡’º≈μàÕ°“√·æ√à√–∫“¥ ‡™àπ °“√Õ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬„π∑’Ë™◊Èπ·©– π—Èπ °“√√—°…“μ“¡«‘∏’·æ∑¬å·ºπªí®®ÿ∫—πºŸâªÉ«¬¡’‚Õ°“ ‡ ’¬ °“√μ‘¥μàÕºà“π§ŸπÈ”„πÀ¡Ÿà∫â“π. ™’«‘μ Ÿß∂÷ß√âÕ¬≈– Û. ®“°°“√∫—π∑÷°°√–∫«π°“√∑”ß“π„Àâ‰¥â¡“´÷Ëßμ”√—∫¬“∑’Ë º≈ß“π™‘Èπ ”§—≠Õ¬à“ß¡“°μàÕ»“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß ®– “¡“√∂π”‰ª„™â‡ªìπ¬“ªÑÕß°—π‚√§√–∫“¥‰¥âπ—Èπ ®–‰¥â®“° ‡≈◊Õ°·¢πßπ’È·≈–®—¥«à“‡ªìπº≈ß“π∑’Ë∑”„Àâ°“√·æ∑¬å·∫∫‚Œ¡’- °“√∑’Ë·æ∑¬å‡√‘Ë¡μâπ‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈·≈–»÷°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë‡ªìπ‚√§√–∫“¥ ‚Õæ“∏’¬å‰¥â√—∫°“√¬Õ¡√—∫·≈–‚¥àß¥—ß‰ª∑—Ë«∑—Èß¬ÿ‚√ª§◊Õ °“√ π—Èπ Ê §«∫§Ÿà‰ª°—∫°“√√—°…“ ´÷Ëß‡¡◊ËÕ√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬‰ª®π‰¥â ∫”∫—¥‚√§√–∫“¥ Asiatic cholera (ªï Ò¯Û-Ò¯ÛÒ) ·∫∫ ®”π«πÀπ÷Ëß·≈â« ‡™àπ Ò §π ·æ∑¬å°Á®– “¡“√∂ √ÿª ‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å (√“¬ß“π™◊ËÕ Cure and Prevention of the —≠≠“≥·≈–Õ“°“√À≈—° Ê ¢Õß‚√§√–∫“¥π—Èπ (‡°‘¥‡ªìπ¿“æ Ò «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

¢Õß‚√§√–∫“¥) ·≈–®”π«πμ”√—∫¬“∑’Ë„™â√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬ Ò ‡«™°√√¡®”‡æ“–¢Õß‚√§√–∫“¥π—Èπ**. ¬°μ—«Õ¬à“ßºŸâªÉ«¬ Ú §ππ’È‰¥â ‡™àπ Õ“®®–æ∫«à“¡’Õ¬Ÿà ˆ μ”√—∫. ®“°¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¥—ß°≈à“«π’È §π¡’Õ“°“√ª«¥„π°√–¥Ÿ° ·æ∑¬å°Á®–‡¢â“„®«à“ Õ“°“√π’È‡ªìπ ‡Õß®–∑”„Àâ “¡“√∂®—¥≈”¥—∫‰¥â«à“¬“μ”√—∫„¥∑’Ë¡’°“√π”‰ª„™â à«πÀπ÷Ëß¢Õß‚√§√–∫“¥π’È. ºŸâªÉ«¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¡’Õ“°“√‡¬◊ËÕμ“Õ—°‡ ∫ ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥·≈–§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡Õ“°“√¢Õß‚√§¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ ´÷Ëß∑â“¬∑’Ë ÿ¥ ·≈–¡’º◊Ëπ·¥ß·∫∫À—¥ ‡ªìπμâπ Õ“°“√‡À≈à“π’È®–μâÕß‰¥â√—∫°“√ ®–æ∫«à“¡’μ”√—∫‡¥’¬«. ®“°π—Èπ®÷ßπ”¬“μ”√—∫π—Èπ¡“ª√–¬ÿ°μå„™â ∫—π∑÷°«à“ ‡ªìπÕ“°“√∑’Ë· ¥ß∂÷ß°“√‡ªìπ‚√§√–∫“¥π—Èπ ·≈– „π°“√ªÑÕß°—π‚√§√–∫“¥π—Èπ ´÷Ëß∫∑ √ÿªπ’ÈμâÕß‰¥â√—∫°“√¬◊π¬—π ¥â«¬°“√√—∫‡Õ“¿“æ√«¡∑—ÈßÀ¡¥·≈–»÷°…“¡—π·∫∫¿“æ√«¡π’È ®“°º≈‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫¿“æ¢Õß‚√§√–∫“¥°—∫¿“æ¢Õß¬“Õ’°§√—Èß. (‡ ¡◊Õπª√–Àπ÷Ëß«à“ ºŸâªÉ«¬Àπ÷Ëß§π¡’ª√– ∫°“√≥å°—∫Õ“°“√∑’Ë ®“°√“¬ß“π¢Õß·æ∑¬å¥â“π‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å Õ’°∑à“π §◊Õπ“¬ ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥) π—Ëπ‡Õß ∑’Ë®–∑”„Àâ·æ∑¬å “¡“√∂‡¢â“∂÷ß‰¥â«à“ ·æ∑¬å‡®¡ å ‡∑¬å‡≈Õ√å ‡§πμå ‰¥â· ¥ß°√–∫«π°“√∑”ß“π‰«â ‚√§„À¡àπ’È À√◊Õ‚√§μ‘¥μàÕπ’È àßº≈μàÕ¡πÿ…¬å‚¥¬√«¡ ·≈–„π Õ¬à“ßπà“ π„®¥—ßπ’È ºŸâªÉ«¬·μà≈–√“¬Õ¬à“ß‰√. πÕ°®“°π’È¥â«¬«‘∏’π’È®–∑”„Àâ·æ∑¬å ç‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ°“√¬°μ—«Õ¬à“ß „Àâ‡ÀÁπ°“√®—¥‡√’¬ß√–∫∫°“√ √ÿª·≈–¬◊π¬—π‰¥â«à“ Õ–‰√§◊ÕÕ“°“√∑—Ë«‰ª„π¿“æ√«¡·≈– μ√«® Õ∫°“√√—°…“‚√§ ≈Õß¬°μ—«Õ¬à“ß∂÷ß‡Àμ°“√≥å‚√§√–∫“¥ÿ Õ–‰√§◊ÕÕ“°“√∑’Ë®”‡æ“–¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬·μà≈–√“¬. ºŸâªÉ«¬√“¬„À¡à ‡™àπ ‚√§Õ’¥”Õ’·¥ß ‰¢âÀ«—¥„À≠à ‚√§À—¥ ÕÀ‘«“μ°‚√§ ∂â“‡√“ ∑ÿ° Ê √“¬ ¡’Õ“°“√„À¡à Ú - Û Õ¬à“ß‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ Õ“°“√∑’Ë‡À¡◊Õπ ‡¢â“„®«à“‚√§√–∫“¥‡À≈à“π’È¡’Õ–‰√∑’Ë·μ°μà“ßÕ¬à“ß ‘Èπ‡™‘ß®“° ‘Ëß °—π‡À≈à“π’ÈμâÕß‰¥â√—∫°“√∫—π∑÷° ´÷Ëß°Á§◊Õ Õ“°“√∑’Ë· ¥ß®”‡æ“– ∑’Ë‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ„πªí®®ÿ∫—π·≈â«≈à–°Á§◊Õ§«“¡ —∫ π≈”¥—∫∑’Ë Ò. ®“° ¢Õß‚√§√–∫“¥π—Èπ. à«πÕ“°“√∑’Ëæ∫„πºŸâªÉ«¬∫“ß√“¬°Á‡ªìπ ®”π«πºŸâªÉ«¬ Õß “¡√“¬„π‡∫◊ÈÕßμâπÕ“®∑”„Àâ·æ∑¬å‡ÀÁπ¿“æ ≈—°…≥–‡©æ“–μ—«¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬·μà≈–√“¬‰ª. ¿“æ√«¡∑—ÈßÀ¡¥∑’Ë ‰¡à™—¥‡®ππ—°‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‚√§π—Èπ Ê ‡æ√“–·æ∑¬å‡ÀÁπ‡æ’¬ß∫“ß ‡°‘¥¢÷Èππ’È· ¥ß∂÷ß®‘μ¢Õß¡π…¬åÿ „°≈â‡§’¬ß∑’Ë ¥‡∑à“∑’Ë®–‡ªìπ‰ª‰¥âÿ à«π®“°∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ ·≈–‰¥â√—∫√ŸâÕ“°“√‡æ’¬ß∫“ß à«π‡∑à“π—Èπ. ·μà ∏√√¡™“μ‘¢Õß§«“¡‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬π’È ·≈–¡—π°Á§◊Õ ‘Ëßπ’Èπ—Ëπ‡Õß ∑’ËºŸâ ∂â“‚√§√–∫“¥·æ√à°√–®“¬‰ª¬—ß§π®”π«π¡“°¢÷Èπ ·≈–¡’ºŸâªÉ«¬ ‡™’Ë¬«™“≠„π°“√√—°…“‚√§®–μâÕß¡’Õ¬Ÿà„π„®. ®“°π—Èπ·æ∑¬å°Á ¡“æ∫·æ∑¬å¡“°¢÷Èπ ·≈– ( ¡¡μ‘«à“) ¡’ºŸâªÉ«¬ª√–¡“≥ Ú ®–°â“«‰ª Ÿà≈”¥—∫∂—¥‰ª∂÷ß°“√¡ÕßÀ“μ”√—∫¬“∑—Ë« Ê ‰ª∑’Ë‡À¡“– √“¬∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫°“√ —ß‡°μ¥Ÿ·≈„°≈â™‘¥ §√“«π’È·æ∑¬å®–‡√‘Ë¡°√Õ° ¡°—∫¿“«–‚√§√–∫“¥π’È. ®“°°“√§âπ§«â“‚¥¬„™â Repertory*** √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥¢ÕßÕ“°“√∑’Ë‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ„πºŸâªÉ«¬·μà≈–√“¬≈ß„π ™à«¬„Àâ·æ∑¬åº Ÿâπ’È‡¢’¬πÕ“°“√·μà≈–Õ“°“√·≈–®”π«πμ”√—∫¬“ °√–¥“…Õ¬à“ß‡ªìπ√–∫∫ ®—¥·¬°À¡«¥À¡Ÿà√–À«à“ßÕ“°“√∑“ß®‘μ ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥∑’Ë°àÕ„Àâ‡°‘¥Õ“°“√π—Èπ Ê ¥â«¬°√–∫«π°“√π’È·≈–®“° ¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬·μà≈–√“¬ ·≈–°√Õ°√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥∑’Ë —ß‡°μ‰¥â≈ß‰ª °“√æ‘®“√≥“¿“æ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ ‡¢“®– “¡“√∂¢®—¥¬“∫“ß™π‘¥ÕÕ°‰ª (¿“¬„μâÀ¡«¥®‘μ*) æ√âÕ¡°—∫∫—π∑÷°Õ“°“√· ¥ß∑’Ë»’√…–¢Õß ·≈–‡¢“°Á®–‡ÀÁπ¬“®”π«πÀπ÷Ëß ˆ - ˜ μ”√—∫∑’Ë “¡“√∂ ºŸâªÉ«¬·μà≈–√“¬ ¿“¬„μâÀ¡«¥»’√…– Õ¬à“ßπ’È‡ªìπμâπ ∑”‡√◊ËÕ¬ §√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡∫”∫—¥Õ“°“√§«“¡‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬∑’Ë‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ ∑’Ë —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ ‰ªμ“¡À≈—°°“√¢ÕßŒ“Àå‡πÕ¡“ππå. ‡¡◊ËÕæ«°‡¢“≈Õß¡“ °“√√–∫“¥¢Õß‚√§ √«¡∑—Èß —¡æ—π∏å°—∫∏√√¡™“μ‘¢Õß‚√§ æ‘®“√≥“∂÷ß ‘Ëß∑’Ë‡¢“‰¥â∫—π∑÷°‰«â ‡¢“°Á®–‡ÀÁπ«à“¡—π‡°‘¥‡ªìπ¿“æ ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥‰¥â Õ“®‡√’¬°μ”√—∫¬“‡À≈à“π’È√«¡ Ê ‰¥â«à“ ‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡¬“ Àπ÷Ëß¿“æ ‡ ¡◊Õπ°—∫ºŸâªÉ«¬§πÀπ÷Ëß –∑âÕπÕ“°“√∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ÕÕ°¡“ ∑’Ë„™â ”À√—∫‚√§√–∫“¥π’È ·≈–¥â«¬μ”√—∫¬“°≈ÿà¡π’È∑”„Àâ·æ∑¬å ·≈–¥â«¬«‘∏’π’Èπ—Ëπ‡Õß∑’Ë®–∑”„Àâ‡¢“¡’¿“æ≈—°…≥–‡«™°√√¡∑’Ë ºŸâπ’È “¡“√∂√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿà‰¥â‡°◊Õ∫∑—ÈßÀ¡¥é. ‡¥àπ™—¥¢Õß§«“¡‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬π—Èπ Ê ∑’Ë‡ªìπ√–∫∫. ∂â“‡¢“≈Õß„ à μ—«‡≈¢®”π«πºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡’Õ“°“√π—Èπ Ê ≈ß∑’Ëμ”·Àπàßμ√ß°—π¢â“¡ ‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å°—∫°“√√–∫“¥¢Õß‰¢âÀ«—¥„À≠à ∑’Ë„ àÕ“°“√π—Èπ Ê ‰«â ‰¡àπ“ππ—°‡¢“®–æ∫«à“ Õ–‰√§◊Õ ≈—°…≥– ¡’√“¬ß“π°“√π”‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å‰ª„™â„π°“√√–∫“¥¢Õß‰¢âÀ«—¥ „πªï Ò˘Ò¯ μ’æ‘¡æå≈ß„π«“√ “√ Journal of the American *Mind, ¥Ÿ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥‡æ‘Ë¡‡μ‘¡„π MATERIA MEDICA ∂÷ß°“√·¬°À¡«¥ Institute of Homeopathy 1921; 13:1028-43 °≈à“««à“ Õ“°“√„π°≈ÿà¡μà“ß Ê °“√·æ√à√–∫“¥¢Õß‰¢âÀ«—¥„À≠à„π§√—Èßπ—Èπ ®“°°“√ª√–¡«≈ **Pathognomonic Symptoms ***¥√√™π’¢Õßμ”√—∫¬“„π MATERIA MEDICA ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈æ∫«à“ ®“°ºŸâªÉ«¬ Ú˜, §π∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫°“√√—°…“¥â«¬¬“ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ÒÒ

μ“¡À≈—°°“√‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬åπ—Èπ¡’Õ—μ√“μ“¬√âÕ¬≈– Ò.ı ¢≥–∑’Ë ·∫∫‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å æ.». ÚıÙ˜ æ∫«à“æ◊™ °ÿ≈Gelsemium °“√„™â°“√√—°…“·ºπªí®®ÿ∫—π¡’Õ—μ√“μ“¬√âÕ¬≈– Û. ·≈– Bryonia ∑’Ëæ∫„πª√–‡∑» §◊Õ Gelsemium elegans, ‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π°—∫√“¬ß“π®“° National Center for Bryonia laciniosa ·≈– Bryonia leucocarpa Homoeopathy (North America) °≈à“««à“ ‚√§√–∫“¥§√—Èß ∫—≠™’μ—«Õ¬à“ßμ”√—∫¬“æ◊Èπ∞“π∑’Ëπ”‰ª„™â‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ªÑÕß°—π‚√§ ∑’Ë√ÿπ·√ß∑’Ë ÿ¥„πª√–«—μ‘»“ μ√å‚≈°§◊Õ °“√√–∫“¥¢Õß‰¢âÀ«—¥ √–∫“¥μà“ß Ê · ¥ß„πμ“√“ß∑’Ë Ò. „À≠à„πªï Ò˘Ò¯. °“√√–∫“¥„π§√—Èßπ—Èπ¡’º≈°√–∑∫°—∫ ª√–™“°√∂÷ß√âÕ¬≈– Ú ¢Õß‚≈°·≈–¡’ª√–™“°√μ“¬∂÷ß Ú - «‘®“√≥å·≈– √ÿª Ù ≈â“π§π ´÷Ëß®“°°“√√–∫“¥„π§√—Èßπ—Èπ¡’º≈∑”„Àâ§à“Õ“¬ÿ¢—¬ ‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å‡ªìπ√Ÿª·∫∫°“√√—°…“·≈–ªÑÕß°—π‚√§ ‡©≈’Ë¬¢Õß™“«Õ‡¡√‘°—π≈¥≈ß∂÷ß Ò ªï. „π ∂“π°“√≥å√–∫“¥∑’Ë √–∫“¥∑’ËªØ‘∫—μ‘„™â°—π¡“π“π·≈â« ‰¡à„™à‡√◊ËÕß„À¡à. Õ¬à“ß‰√¥’ √ÿπ·√ß„π™à«ßπ—Èπ ¬“√–∫∫‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å‰¥â∂Ÿ°π”‰ª„™âÕ¬à“ß·æ√à μ”√—∫¬“∑’Ë®–π”‰ª„™âªÑÕß°—π‚√§√–∫“¥„π·μà≈–§√—Èß®”‡ªìπ∑’Ë À≈“¬∑—Èß‡æ◊ËÕ°“√√—°…“·≈–°“√ªÑÕß°—π. Õ—μ√“μ“¬‡©≈’Ë¬®“° ®–μâÕß¡’¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫ ∂“π°“√≥å®√‘ß·≈–μâÕß¡’°“√ °“√√—°…“¥â«¬¬“·ºπªí®®ÿ∫—ππ—Èπ¡’§à“Õ¬Ÿà√–À«à“ß√âÕ¬≈– Ú.ı ª√–‡¡‘πÕ¬à“ß∂Ÿ°μâÕß ‡À¡◊Õπ¥—ß∑’Ë¥√. ·§√Õ≈ ¥—π·Œ¡ °≈à“« ∂÷ß√âÕ¬≈– Ò ¢≥–∑’ËÕ—μ√“μ“¬®“°°“√√—°…“¥â«¬¬“‚Œ¡’‚Õ- «à“ ç°“√‡≈◊Õ°μ”√—∫¬“ ”À√—∫‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å„π°“√ªÑÕß°—π‚√§ æ“∏’¬åπ—ÈππâÕ¬°«à“√âÕ¬≈– Ò. μ”√—∫¬“∑’Ëπ”‰ª„™â¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥„π √–∫“¥®–μâÕß∂Ÿ°§«∫§ÿ¡‚¥¬∏√√¡™“μ‘¢Õß‚√§√–∫“¥π—Èπ Ê. Õ‡¡√‘°“ Û Õ¬à“ß ≥ ¢≥–π—Èπ§◊Õ Gelsemium sempervirens, ¥—ßπ—Èπμ”√—∫¬“∑’Ë¥’∑’Ë ÿ¥ ”À√—∫„™âªÑÕß°—π‚√§√–∫“¥®–∂Ÿ°§—¥ Arsenicum album ·≈– Bryonia alba ´÷Ëß®“°√“¬ß“π ‡≈◊Õ°π”‰ª„™â‰¥â°ÁμàÕ‡¡◊ËÕ‡§¬¡’ºŸâμ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕπ—Èπ·≈â«·≈–∏√√¡™“μ‘ ‚§√ß°“√«‘®—¬π”√àÕß‡æ◊ËÕ°“√æ—≤π“ ¡ÿπ‰æ√‰∑¬¿“¬„μâ√Ÿª ¢Õß‚√§π—Èπ‰¥â√—∫°“√∫—π∑÷°·≈–∂Õ¥ÕÕ°¡“‰¥âÕ¬à“ß∂Ÿ°μâÕßé.

μ“√“ß∑’Ë Ò ∫—≠™’μ—«Õ¬à“ßμ”√—∫¬“æ◊Èπ∞“π∑’Ëπ”‰ª„™â‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ªÑÕß°—π‚√§√–∫“¥ ‚√§ μ—«Õ¬à“ßμ”√—∫¬“·∫∫‚Œ¡’‚Õæ“∏’¬å∑’Ë„™â‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ªÑÕß°—π §Õμ’∫ Apis, Diptherinum, Kalium mur., Lac caninum, Mercurius sol. ‰Õ°√π Carbo veg., Cuprum met., Drosera ∫“¥∑–¬—° Arnica, Hypericum, Ledum pal., Physostigma ‰¢ —πÀ≈—ßÕ—°‡ ∫‚ª≈‘‚Õ Belladonna, Cocculus ind., Curare, Gelsemium, Lathyrus ‰¢â∑√æ‘… Antimonium tart., Colchicum, Hydrastis, Sarracenia, Thuja À—¥ Aconitum, Arsenicum, Ferrum phos. §“ß∑Ÿ¡ Parotid, Trifolium pratense À—¥‡¬Õ√¡—π Pulsatilla, Rubella ÕÀ‘«“μ°‚√§ Arsenic, Camphor, Opium, Sulphur, Veratum alb. ‰¢â‡À≈◊Õß Arsenic, Carbo veg., Crotalus hor. ‰¢â®—∫ —Ëπ Arsenic iod., Causticum, Cedron, Chininum sulph. æ‘… ÿπ—¢∫â“ Belladonna, Camphor, Cantharis, Lyssin, Stramonium Õ’¥”Õ’·¥ß Ailanthus glan., Aconitum, Belladonna, Phytolacca ‰¢â√“° “¥πâÕ¬ Aethiops min., Aloe, Typhoid ‰¢âÀ«—¥„À≠à Aconitum, Arsenic, Bryonia alb., Eupatorium per., Lachesis Õ’ ÿ°Õ’„ Variolinum μ—∫Õ—°‡ ∫ Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B ÒÚ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

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Abstract Homeopathy and the Prevention of Epidemics Monthaka Teerachaiskul Division of Alternative Medicine, Department for Development of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Public Health

The purpose of this review is to provide information on homoeopathy for the prevention and treatment of epidemic diseases. Homoeopathy is the one among many alternative health care systems; it has its own unique concept and practice. It was founded during the 18th century by Dr. Samuel Christian Hahnemann (1755 - 1843), a German physician. This paper not only explains the way to utilize homoeopathy in epidemic situations from the historical point of view, but also raises the issue of homoeopathy and a flu pandemic. The three chief remedies, which had been utilized in the influenza pandemic of 1918, were Gelsemium sempervirens, Arsenicum album and Bryonia alba. Thai plants that belong to the same genuses are Gelsemium elegans, Bryonia laciniosa and Bryonia leucocarpa. «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬åå å∑“ß‡≈åå ◊Õ°◊◊ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Journal of Thaiªï∑’Ë Traditional ı ©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò& Alternative¡°√“§¡-‡¡…“¬π Medicine Úıı Vol. 5Vol. No. 5 No.1 1January-April January - April 20072007 ∫∑§«“¡æ‘‡»… ª√–«—μ‘°√≥’§√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å*

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¥â“πÕàÕπ‚¬π¢Õß‡¢“. ‡¢“¡’·π«‚πâ¡∑’Ë®–§∫À“‡æ◊ËÕπ∑’Ëª√– ∫ «—¬‡¥Á°‰¥â. §√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å‰¡à “¡“√∂‡ª≈’Ë¬π ¿“æ°“√≥å§«“¡ ªí≠À“™’«‘μÕ¬à“ß‡¥’¬«°—∫‡¢“. ·μàπ‘ —¬‡™àππ’È‰¡à‰¥â™à«¬∫√√‡∑“ æ√àÕß„Àâ‡ªìπ∑√—æ¬å ¡∫—μ‘. ¢â“æ‡®â“‰¥â∫Õ°§√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å«à“°“√ ªí≠À“‰¥â‡≈¬ ‡ªìπ‡æ√“–«à“‡¡◊ËÕ·μà≈–§Ÿà∑’Ë§∫À“°—π¡’§«“¡ μ“∫Õ¥¢Õß‡¢“‡ªìπ ¡∫—μ‘¡’§à“μàÕ°“√∑”ß“πª√–μ‘¡“°√√¡ ∑’Ë ª√“√∂π“‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π „π∑’Ë ÿ¥∑—Èß§Ÿà°Á¬—ß§ß ‘ÈπÀ«—ß‡À¡◊Õπ‡¥‘¡ ∑”„Àâß“πª√–μ‘¡“°√√¡¢Õß‡¢“¡’∫“ß ‘Ëß∫“ßÕ¬à“ßæ‘‡»…∑’Ë√—∫ ‡æ√“–‰¡à¡’Õ–‰√∑’Ë®– π—∫ πÿπ„Àâ·°à°—π. §√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å¡’‡æ◊ËÕπ √Ÿâ ÷°‰¥â‚¥¬ —¡º— ∑’Ë‰¡à¡’ª√–μ‘¡“°√μ“¥’„¥∑’Ë “¡“√∂∑”‰¥â. ™◊ËÕ∫äÕ∫®“°§√Õ∫§√—«∑’Ë¡’§«“¡√—°§«“¡Õ∫Õÿàπ. ∫äÕ∫„Àâ°“√ ∑“ß ”π—°»“ π“ª√–°“»«à“§«“¡æ‘°“√∑“ß “¬μ“¢Õß§√‘ ‚μ π—∫ πÿπ·≈–§«“¡‡ÀÁπÕ°‡ÀÁπ„®™π‘¥∑’Ë§√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å‚À¬À“ ‡øÕ√å‰¥âª√– “∑· ß «à“ß∑’Ë¡’§ÿ≥§à“¬‘ËßÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬„πμ—«‡¢“. ®÷ß àßº≈„Àâ¡‘μ√¿“æ¬—Ëß¬◊π. ∑—Èß Õß§π‡§√àß»“ π“. ®“°∫ÿ§≈‘°∑’Ë¡’‡ πàÀå §√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å «‘®“√≥å °≈“¬‡ªìππ—°‡∑»πå∏ÿ¥ß§å∑’Ë¡’™◊ËÕ. ‡¢“·≈–∫äÕ∫∑’Ë‡ªìπ™à“ß ‚¥¬ª√– ∫°“√≥å¢Õßπ—°»‘≈ª°√√¡∫”∫—¥ ®–μâÕß‡§¬ ‡§√◊ËÕß¬πμå™—Èπ‡¬’Ë¬¡‰¥â‡¥‘π∑“ß‰ª¥â«¬°—π∑—Ë« À√—∞œ. ‡¢“ —¡º— ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡’æ√ «√√§å‚¥¥‡¥àπ∑“ß»‘≈ª– ·≈–‡°‘¥§«“¡ À“‡ß‘π‰¥â¡“°æÕ∑’Ë®–®à“¬‡ß‘π‡¥◊Õπ„Àâ∫äÕ∫·≈–§à“∫”√ÿß√—°…“ √Ÿâ ÷°μâÕß°“√™à«¬ª√–§—∫ª√–§Õß‡ªìπæ‘‡»…‡°‘π°«à“¿“√–Àπâ“∑’Ë √∂¬πμå·≈–∫â“π„π‡∑Á°´— . ¿“√–ß“ππ—°‡∑»πå∑”„Àâ§√‘ ‚μ ª√°μ‘. ”À√—∫°√≥’§√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å∑’Ë¡’·««π—°ª√–μ‘¡“°√√¡ ‡øÕ√å¡’‚Õ°“ πâÕ¬∑’Ë„Àâ ”À√—∫ß“πª√–μ‘¡“°√√¡. ¢â“æ‡®â“‡μÁ¡„®Õÿ∑‘»‡«≈“„Àâ ·≈–‰¥â∑”μ—«‡ªìπª√–μ‘¡“°√∑’Ë¡’ „π™à«ß∑’Ë‡¢“¡“æ—°Õ“»—¬„ππ‘«¬Õ√å°√–¬–Àπ÷Ëß §√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å §«“¡ “¡“√∂ ´÷Ëß‚¥¬·∑â®√‘ß·≈â«μ—«‡Õß¬—ß¥âÕ¬∑—°…–„πß“ππ’È. ·«–¡“∑’Ë∫â“π¢Õß¢â“æ‡®â“·≈–ªíôπÀÿàπ¢’Èº÷Èß ç μ√’ºŸâπ” (prophe- „π¢≥–‡¥’¬«°—π ¢â“æ‡®â“¬—ßμâÕßªØ‘∫—μ‘Àπâ“∑’Ë∫”∫—¥‡æ◊ËÕ≈âÕ¡ tess)é (√Ÿª∑’Ë Ù). »—°¬¿“æ∑“ßª√–μ‘¡“°√√¡¢Õß‡¢“¬—ß‰¡à≈¥ °—¥°“√∂à“¬‚Õπ§«“¡√â ÷°¢Õß‡¢“‰ª¬—ßºŸ â∫”∫—¥Ÿ (transference) ≈ß‡≈¬. ·≈–§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‚μâ°≈—∫®“°ºŸâ∫”∫—¥ (countertransference), μ≈Õ¥™’«‘μ«—¬√ÿàπ·≈–«—¬Àπÿà¡¢Õß§√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å ‡¢“„™â À√◊Õ “¡“√∂¬Õ¡√—∫æƒμ‘°√√¡∑”≈“¬≈â“ß·≈–°“√∑”√â“¬ »“ π“·≈–»‘≈ª– àß‡ √‘¡´÷Ëß°—π·≈–°—π. ¥â«¬§«“¡‡§√àß§√—¥∑“ß μπ‡Õß¢Õß‡¢“‰¥â. ·μà·≈â«¢â“æ‡®â“μâÕßÀ¬¥∑”μπ‡¬’Ë¬ßπ—°∫”∫—¥ÿ »“ π“∑’ËÀπ—°Àπà«ß‰¡à¬Õ¡√Õ¡™Õ¡ ∑”„Àâ‡¢“‰¥â√—∫‚§√ß √â“ß „Àâ‡°’¬√μ‘‡¢“‡¬’Ë¬ßπ—°‡√’¬π‰¡à„™àºŸâªÉ«¬ ¡‘©–π—Èπ¢â“æ‡®â“°Á®– Ÿ≠ ·≈–Õ”π“®§«∫§ÿ¡ „π¢≥–∑’Ë»‘≈ª–„ÀâÕ‘ √¿“æ∑“ß§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° ‡ ’¬‡¢“‰ª. Õ¬à“ß‰√°Á¥’ ¢â“æ‡®â“μâÕß§Õ¬μ◊Ëπμ—«μàÕ§«“¡π÷°§‘¥ ¿“¬„π ·≈–§«“¡¿Ÿ¡‘„®„π§«“¡ ”‡√Á®∑’Ë¡—Ëπ§ß. „π à«π≈÷°¢Õß‡¢“ ‚¥¬‰¡àÀ¬‘∫¬◊Ëπ§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ¥â“πÕ“√¡≥å §«“¡ ”‡√Á®„π™’«‘μ‰¡à “¡“√∂™¥‡™¬§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‰¡à ∑’Ë‡°‘π¢Õ∫‡¢μ§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å¢Õß‡√“. ¡∫Ÿ√≥åæ√âÕ¡®“°§«“¡æ‘°“√∑“ß “¬μ“‰¥â À√◊Õ·¡â·μà§«“¡ „π°√≥’§√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å∑’Ëπ”‡ πÕ„π∫∑π’È ‰¥â™à«¬„Àâμ√–Àπ—° √—°·≈–°“√‰¥â√—∫§«“¡π‘¬¡π—∫∂◊Õ„π™à«ß∑â“¬¢Õß™’«‘μ °Á‰¡à ™—¥«à“ ç»‘≈ª–‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∫”∫—¥é À√◊Õ ç»‘≈ª°√√¡∫”∫—¥é ¡’∫∑∫“∑ “¡“√∂‡¬’¬«¬“∫“¥·º≈∑“ßÕ“√¡≥å∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫„π«—¬∑“√°·≈– Õ¬à“ß‰√.

Abstract Case History of “Christopher” Lertsiri Bovornkitti*, Nuntharat Charoenkul† *Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, Burapha University, Chonburi Province, †Faculty of Education, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok

This paper is an edited, transcribed version of the article (chapter 12) in Edith Kramer’s book entitled “Art as Therapy”. It describes art in the context of therapeutic means for blind persons, elaborated by a case history of a blind patient, named Christopher, who gained eminent benefit from Kramer’s practice. The case history represents a critical viewpoint on the value of art therapy for the blind. Key words: case history, art therapy, blindness «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬åå å∑“ß‡≈åå ◊Õ°◊◊ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Journal of Thaiªï∑’Ë Traditional ı ©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò& Alternative¡°√“§¡-‡¡…“¬π Medicine Úıı Vol. 5Vol. No. 5 No.1 1January-April January - April 20072007 π‘æπ∏åμâπ©∫—∫ °“√‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ √√æ§ÿ≥¢Õß “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß °—∫‰¥‚§≈ø·π§‡ªï π¬“∫√√‡∑“Õ“°“√ª«¥À≈ì ß — «π≈à “ßà

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[γ-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-glucopyranoside] ´÷Ëß¡’ƒ∑∏‘Ï «‘∑¬“Õ“√’¬å°ÿ≈ §≥–‡¿ —™»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬π‡√»«√, μâ“π°“√Õ—°‡ ∫ ·≈–μâ“πÕπÿ¡Ÿ≈Õ‘ √–˘. ∑¥ Õ∫°“√°√–®“¬μ—«‚¥¬«‘∏’ Thai Pharmacopoeia 1997 ”À√—∫¥â“π§«“¡‡ªìπæ‘…¢Õß “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ßπ—Èπ Volume II part 1, ·≈–∑¥ Õ∫§ÿ≥¿“æμ“¡«‘∏’∑’Ë√“¬ß“π‰«â ®“°°“√»÷°…“ “√ °—¥¥â«¬‡Õ∏“πÕ≈ ı% ‚¥¬ªÑÕπ„ÀâÀπŸ¢“« ·≈â«ÒÚ. „π¢π“¥ Ÿß∂÷ß«—π≈– ˆ ¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡/πÈ”Àπ—°μ—« Ò °‘‚≈°√—¡ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 Ò˘

°“√§—¥‡≈◊Õ°ºŸâªÉ«¬ Ò ‡¡Á¥À≈—ßÕ“À“√ «—π≈– Û §√—Èß ‡ªìπ‡«≈“ ˜ «—π ·≈–·π–π” ºŸâªÉ«¬™“¬À√◊ÕÀ≠‘ßÕ“¬ÿ Ú-ˆ ªï ∑’Ë¡’Õ“°“√‡®Á∫ ª«¥ °“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘μ—«‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—∫°≈ÿà¡·√° ·≈–π—¥μ√«®μ‘¥μ“¡º≈ À≈—ß à«π≈à“ß ‡«≈“‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«√à“ß°“¬ °¥‡®Á∫„π∫√‘‡«≥∑’Ëª«¥ °“√√—°…“„π«—π∑’Ë Û ·≈– ˜ ¢Õß°“√√—°…“‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π. ·≈–¡’ª√–«—μ‘°“√∑”ß“π¢—∫√∂ ¬°¢ÕßÀπ—° ·≈–‰¥â√—∫°“√ μ√«®«‘π‘®©—¬®“°·æ∑¬å«à“‡ªìπ‚√§ª«¥À≈—ß à«π≈à“ß ·≈–‰¥â °“√μ√«®μ‘¥μ“¡º≈°“√√—°…“ √—∫°“√«‘π‘®©—¬·¬°‚√§‰μ·≈â« °≈à“«§◊Õ‰¡à¡’Õ“°“√‰¢â Àπ“« —Ëπ ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë‡¢â“‚§√ß°“√∑°√“¬‰¥â√—∫°“√´—°ª√–«—μ‘ÿ °“√μ√«® ªí “«–· ∫¢—¥ ∫«¡¢“ À√◊Õ„∫Àπâ“ ·≈–‡§“–‡®Á∫∫√‘‡«≥‰μ. √à“ß°“¬ ·≈–‡®“–‡≈◊Õ¥®“°À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥¥” Ò-Òı ¡‘≈≈‘≈‘μ√ πÕ°®“°π—Èπ ºŸâ∑’Ë‡¢â“‚§√ß°“√√—°…“μâÕß‰¡à¡’‚√§ª√–®” °àÕπ‡¢â“√—∫°“√√—°…“ («—π∑’Ë 0), „π«—π∑’Ë Û ·≈–„π«—π∑’Ë ˜ ¢Õß μ—«À√◊ÕÕâ«π‡°‘π ‰¡à¡’æ¬“∏‘ ¿“æ∑’Ë‰¢ —πÀ≈—ß À√◊Õ‡§¬√—∫°“√ °“√»÷°…“ ‡æ◊ËÕμ√«®‡≈◊Õ¥‚¥¬π—∫‡≈◊Õ¥§√∫ (CBC), «—¥ ºà“μ—¥°√–¥° —πÀ≈—ßŸ À√◊Õ‰¥â√—∫°“√√—°…“¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√Õ◊Ëπ¡“°àÕπ ª√‘¡“≥¬‡√’¬‰π‚μ√‡®πŸ (BUN), §√’Õ“∑‘π’π, ‡Õ ®’‚Õ∑’ (SGOT), ‡™àπ °“√π«¥ °“√ª√–§∫. ”À√—∫ºŸâÀ≠‘ßμâÕß‰¡àμ—Èß§√√¿åÀ√◊Õ ‡Õ ®’æ’∑’ (SGPT), øÕ ø“‡∑ ¥à“ß (ALP), §√’Õ“∑‘ „Àâπ¡∫ÿμ√ À√◊ÕÕ¬Ÿà„π«—¬À¡¥√–¥Ÿ. π’πøÕ ‚ø‰§‡π (CPK), ·≈§‡∑μ ¥’Œ—¬‚¥√®’‡π (LDH), ºŸâ∑”°“√«‘®—¬‰¥âÕ∏‘∫“¬„ÀâºŸâªÉ«¬∑√“∫‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‚§√ß°“√ ∫‘≈‘√Ÿ∫‘π√«¡, ‰¥‡√§∑å ∫‘≈‘√Ÿ∫‘π, ‚ª√μ’π√«¡, ·Õ≈∫Ÿ¡‘π ·≈– ºŸâ∑’Ë ¡—§√„®·≈–¬‘π¬Õ¡‡¢â“√—∫°“√»÷°…“μâÕß‡´Áπ™◊ËÕ„π„∫ °≈Õ∫Ÿ≈‘π. ¬‘π¬Õ¡μ“¡·∫∫∑’ËÕπÿ¡—μ‘‚¥¬§≥–°√√¡°“√æ‘®“√≥“°“√ °“√«—¥√–¥—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°ª«¥„™â Visual Analogue Scale »÷°…“«‘®—¬„π§π¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° (VAS) ´÷Ëß‡ªìπ·∫∫«—¥√–¥—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°ª«¥‚¥¬°“√ª√–‡¡‘π °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢. ‡°≥±å°“√∂ÕπºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë‡¢â“‚§√ß°“√ ®“° “¬μ“∑’Ë‡ªìπ‡ âπ·∫àß√–¥—∫ ‚¥¬®“°‡ âπ∑’Ë¬“« Ò ‡´πμ‘‡¡μ√ ÕÕ°®“°°“√»÷°…“‰¥â·°à (Ò) ¡’Õ“°“√·æâ À√◊Õ‡°‘¥º≈¢â“ß‡§’¬ß ‡√‘Ë¡®“°  §◊Õ ‰¡àª«¥‡≈¬ ∂÷ß Ò §◊Õª«¥¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥. „π°“√ √ÿπ·√ß, (Ú) ¡’°“√μ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ‡©’¬∫æ≈—π, (Û) ‰ª√—∫°“√√—°…“À√◊Õ »÷°…“§√—Èßπ’È‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ°≈ÿà¡μ—«Õ¬à“ß “¡“√∂‡¢â“„®·≈–ª√–‡¡‘π‰¥â °‘π¬“Õ◊Ëπ„π™à«ßÕ¬Ÿà„π‚§√ß°“√«‘®—¬, À√◊Õ (Ù) ‰¡à ¡—§√„®Õ¬Ÿà ßà“¬¢÷Èπ ®÷ß‰¥â·∫àß√–¥—∫ Ò ‡´πμ‘‡¡μ√ ÕÕ°‡ªìπ™à«ß·≈– „π‚§√ß°“√»÷°…“μàÕ‰ª. Õ∏‘∫“¬·μà≈–™à«ß¥—ßπ’È §–·ππ  À¡“¬∂÷ß ‰¡àª«¥‡≈¬ «‘∏’°“√»÷°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬ §–·ππ Ò-Û ª«¥„π√–¥—∫∑’Ë “¡“√∂ªØ‘∫—μ‘°‘®«—μ√ ÿŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë‡¢â“‡°≥±å·≈–¬‘π¬Õ¡‡¢â“√à«¡°“√»÷°…“¥—ß°≈à“«à¡º ª√–®”«—π (·§à√”§“≠) ¢â“ßμâπ ®”π«π ˜ √“¬ ‚¥¬„Àâ®—∫©≈“°·∫àß‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡»÷°…“ Ú §–·ππ Ù-ˆ ª«¥„π√–¥—∫∑’Ë∑”°‘®«—μ√ª√–®”«—π‰¡à °≈ÿà¡ ‚¥¬°≈ÿà¡ºŸâªÉ«¬ Û˜ §π ”À√—∫„Àâ°“√√—°…“¥â«¬ “√ –¥«° (∑”ß“π∫â“π‡∫“ Ê °Áª«¥) °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß ·≈–°≈ÿà¡ºŸâªÉ«¬ ÛÛ §π ”À√—∫√—∫°“√ §–·ππ ˜-˘ ª«¥„π√–¥—∫∑’Ë‡∑”°‘®«—μ√ª√–®”«—π‰¥â √—°…“¥â«¬¬“‰¥‚§≈øï·π§. ≈”∫“°¡“° (≈ÿ°-π—Ëß°Áª«¥) °≈ÿà¡ºŸâªÉ«¬ Û˜ §π‡ªìπ™“¬ ı §π À≠‘ß ÛÚ §π Õ“¬ÿ §–·ππ Ò ª«¥¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ ∂÷ß√–¥—∫∑’Ë∑”°‘®«—μ√ª√–®” ÚÙ - ˆ ªï ‰¥â√—∫ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß¢π“¥·§ª´Ÿ≈ Ú «—π‰¡à‰¥â μâÕßπÕπæ—° ¡°. °‘π Ò ·§ª´Ÿ≈À≈—ßÕ“À“√ «—π≈– Û §√—Èß ‡ªìπ‡«≈“ ˜ «—π ·≈–·π–π”„ÀâªØ‘∫—μ‘μπ„π™’«‘μª√–®”«—π∑’Ë‡À¡“–°—∫Õ“°“√ °“√«‘‡§√“–Àå∑“ß ∂‘μ‘ ª«¥À≈—ß à«π≈à“ß ‡™àπ ‰¡à¬°¢ÕßÀπ—° ‰¡à∑”ß“πÀπ—° ≈ÿ° π—Ëß ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—ÈßÀ¡¥‰¥â√—∫°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå∑“ß ∂‘μ‘¥â«¬«‘∏’ Re- „π∑à“∑’Ë‡À¡“– ·≈–π—¥μ√«®μ‘¥μ“¡º≈°“√√—°…“„π«—π∑’Ë Û ·≈– peated measured ANOVA ‚¥¬‚ª√·°√¡ SPSS/PC ver- ˜ ¢Õß°“√„™â¬“. sion 13.0 ·≈–º≈°“√∑¥ Õ∫∑’Ë¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘§◊Õ∑’Ë °≈ÿà¡ºŸâªÉ«¬ ÛÛ §π ‡ªìπ™“¬ ˆ §π À≠‘ß Ú˜ §π Õ“¬ÿ √–¥—∫§à“æ’πâÕ¬°«à“ .ı. Ú - ıı ªï ‰¥â√—∫¬“‰¥‚§≈øï·π§‡¡Á¥¢π“¥ Úı ¡°. °‘π§√—Èß≈– Ú «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

º≈°“√»÷°…“ °“√√—°…“ ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß„π™à«ß∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫¬“ °“√μ√«® Õ∫·§ª´Ÿ≈ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß ‰¡à¡’Õ“°“√¢â“ß‡§’¬ß√ÿπ·√ß ·≈–‰¡àæ∫º≈°“√μ√«®∑“ßÀâÕß º≈°“√μ√«®ª√‘¡“≥ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß∫√√®·§ª´ÿ Ÿ≈ ªØ‘∫—μ‘°“√∑’Ëº‘¥ª√°μ‘Õ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘‡¡◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫- ·≈–°“√°√–®“¬μ—«¢Õß “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß®“°·§ª´Ÿ≈∑’Ë ‡∑’¬∫°—∫º≈°àÕπ‰¥â√—∫¬“ (μ“√“ß∑’Ë Ò) πÕ°®“°æ∫®”π«π ‡μ√’¬¡‰¥â æ∫«à“·§ª´Ÿ≈¬“∑’Ë¡’ à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß “√ °—¥ ‡¡Á¥‡≈◊Õ¥¢“«„π‡≈◊Õ¥≈¥≈ßÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠„π«—π∑’Ë ˜ ¢Õß ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß§√∫ Ú ¡°. μàÕ·§ª´Ÿ≈ ´÷Ëß¡’πÈ”Àπ—°√«¡ °“√√—°…“ ·μà§à“¬—ßÕ¬Ÿà„π‡°≥±åª√°μ‘ ( 8.02 vs 8.88 K/μl). ¢Õßºß¬“„π·μà≈–·§ª´Ÿ≈‡∑à“°—∫ ı ¡°. ‚¥¬°“√ ÿà¡§√—Èß≈– „πºŸâªÉ«¬°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫¬“‰¥‚§≈øï·π§ μ√«®‰¡àæ∫§à“º‘¥ Ò ·§ª´Ÿ≈ ®”π«π Ú ™ÿ¥‰¥âπÈ”Àπ—°‡©≈’Ë¬·≈–§à“‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π ª√°μ‘„¥ Ê ‡¡◊ËÕ‡∑’¬∫°—∫º≈¢Õß«—π‡¢â“‚§√ß°“√ (μ“√“ß∑’Ë Ò ·≈– ¡“μ√∞“π‡∑à“°—∫ Ù˘ı.Û ¡°., Ù˘ˆ.ˆ ¡°. ·≈– ˘˜.¯ ¡°., Ú). ‡¡◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫º≈°“√μ√«®∑“ßÀâÕßªØ‘∫—μ‘°“√√–À«à“ß ˘˜.¯ ¡°. μ“¡≈”¥—∫. º≈∑¥ Õ∫°“√°√–®“¬μ—«¢Õß °≈ÿà¡∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß·≈–°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫¬“‰¥‚§≈ ·§ª´Ÿ≈‚¥¬°“√ ÿà¡§√—Èß≈– Ú ·§ª´Ÿ≈ ®”π«π Ú ™ÿ¥ æ∫§à“øï·π§ ‰¡àæ∫§«“¡·μ°μà“ß¢Õß§à“∑“ß‚≈À‘μ«‘∑¬“∑’Ë¡’π—¬ ‡©≈’Ë¬¢Õß°“√°√–®“¬μ—«∑’Ë‡«≈“ ˆ.ÛÚ π“∑’ ·≈–§à“‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘∑—Èß°àÕπ·≈–√–À«à“ß°“√√—°…“. à«π§à“∑“ß ¡“μ√∞“π‡∑à“°—∫ Ú.Ò π“∑’. ™’«‡§¡’„π´’√—Ë¡æ∫«à“°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫¬“‰¥‚§≈øï·π§ ¡’ª√‘¡“≥ º≈°“√μ√«®§ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß·§ª´Ÿ≈ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß ‚ª√μ’π√«¡≈¥≈ßÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘„π«—π∑’Ë Û ·≈– æ∫«à“ºà“π‡°≥±å∑’Ë°”Àπ¥‰«â ”À√—∫«—μ∂ÿ¥‘∫ ·≈–μ√«®æ∫ ª√‘¡“≥°≈Õ∫Ÿ≈‘π≈¥≈ßÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘„π«—π∑’Ë Û

genistein-7-O-[γ-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β- ·≈–«—π∑’Ë ˜ ‡¡◊ËÕ‡∑’¬∫°—∫°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß glucopyranoside] ¥—ß∑’Ë√“¬ß“π‰«â·≈â«ÒÚ. (μ“√“ß∑’Ë Ò ·≈– Ú).

μ“√“ß∑’Ë Ò §à“™’«‡§¡’‡≈◊Õ¥ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß (Û˜ √“¬) ·≈–°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫¬“‰¥‚§≈øï·π§ (ÛÛ √“¬)

«—π∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫¬“ «—π∑’Ë «—π∑’Ë Û «—π∑’Ë ˜ ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß ‰¥‚§≈øï·π§ ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß ‰¥‚§≈øï·π§ ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß ‰¥‚§≈øï·π§

LDH (U/l) ÛıÛ.ı¯ ± ÒÚÒ.˜Ú ÙÒÚ.Òı ± ÙÙÛ.˜ı ÛÛÒ.¯ˆ ± ¯.ˆˆ Ûˆ.Ú˜ ± ÒÚˆ.Úı ÛÙ˘.¯Û ± ÒÒ˜.ı¯ ÛÛˆ.˘Ò ± ¯˘.Òı CPK (U/l) ÒÒÚ.Úı ± ıı.ı˘ ÒÚ.Ù˘ ± ıˆ.˜Ò Ò˘.˘Ú ± ıÒ.˘ ÒÒ¯.Ù˘ ± ˜¯.˜Ù ÒÒÒ.¯Ò ± ıÙ.Ú Ò.ˆ ± ıı.Ù¯ SGOT (U/l) Úı. ± Ò.Úı Úı.Ù˘ ± Òˆ.˘˜ Úˆ.Òˆ ± ÒÒ.˜Û ÚÛ.Òı ± ˘.¯ı Úˆ.ÛÚ ± Ò.¯¯ ÚÙ.ı¯ ± ˘.˘ SGPT (U/l) Ú.ÙÒ ± ÒÛ.ÚÒ Ò˘.¯ı ± Òı.˘Ò Ú.ÚÚ ± ÒÚ.ıı Ò˘.Û˘ ± Òı.Úı ÚÒ.˘ı ± ÒÙ. ÚÒ.ıÚ ± Òˆ.Ú ALK(U/l) ˆı.Ò˘ ± ÚÙ.˜¯ ˆ¯.˜Û ± Ûı.ˆ¯ ˆ˜.Û ± Ûı.¯˜ ˆ¯.ˆ ± Ú¯.˜Ù ˆı.Û¯ ± Úı.ıÚ ˆ˘.˘˜ ± ÛÚ.Û ∫‘≈‘√Ÿ∫‘π√«¡ (¡°./¥≈.) .ıÙ ± .Û .ıˆ ± .ÚÙ .ıÙ ± .Ú˘ .ıˆ ± .Ú¯ .ıˆ ± .Ú˘ .ıÒ ± .ÚÒ ‰¥‡√§∑å ∫‘≈‘√Ÿ∫‘π (°./¥≈.) .ÒÒ ± .˜ .ÒÛ ± .¯ .ÒÛ ± .˜ .ÒÙ ± .ˆ .ÒÛ ± .˜ .ÒÚ ± .ˆ ‚ª√μ’π√«¡ (°./¥≈.) ˜.Ù˘ ± .Ùı ˜.ÛÚ ± .ıÛ ˜.Ù˜ ± .ı¯ ˜.Òˆ ± .ıÚa ˜.ıÒ ± .ıÚ ˜.ÛÚ ± .Ùˆ ·Õ≈∫Ÿ≈‘π (°./¥≈.) Ù.ÚÚ ± .Ú¯ Ù.Ò¯ ± .Úˆ Ù.Ò˜ ± .Ú¯ Ù.ÒÒ ± .Úı Ù.Ú ± .ÛÒ Ù.ÚÒ ± .ÛÒ °≈Õ∫Ÿ≈‘π (°./¥≈.) Û.Ú˜ ± .ÙÒ Û.ÒÙ ± .Ù¯ Û.Û ± .ı Û.Ù ± .Ù¯a Û.ÛÒ ± .ÙÒ Û.ÒÚ ± .Ùa ∫’¬Ÿ‡ÕÁπ (¡°./¥≈.) ÒÒ.¯Ò ± Ù.Ò˜ Ò.˜¯ ± Û.ÛÒ ÒÒ.ˆÒ ± Ù.Ù Ò.˜¯ ± Û.ˆ¯ ÒÚ.Û ± Ù.¯ ÒÒ.ÛÙ ± Û.Úˆ §√’Õ“∑‘π’π (¡°./¥≈.) .˜˜ ± .Ò¯ .˜ı ± .ÒÙ .˜ˆ ± .Ò¯ .˜ı ± .Òı .˜˜ ± .Ò˘ .˜Ú ± .ÒÛ

a§à“· ¥ß„π√Ÿª§à“‡©≈’Ë¬ ± §à“‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π¡“μ√∞“π a ·μ°μà“ßÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘‡¡◊ËÕ‡∑’¬∫°—∫°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß ‡¡◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫§à“∑’Ë«—¥„π«—π‡¥’¬«°—π (§à“æ’< .ı) Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ÚÒ

μ“√“ß∑’Ë Ú §à“‡≈◊Õ¥§√∫¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß (Û˜ √“¬) ·≈–°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫¬“‰¥‚§≈øï·π§ (ÛÛ √“¬) «—π∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫¬“ «—π∑’Ë «—π∑’Ë Û«—π∑’Ë ˜ ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß ‰¥‚§≈øï·π§ ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß ‰¥‚§≈øï·π§ ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß ‰¥‚§≈øï·π§

‡¡Á¥‡≈◊Õ¥¢“« (K/μL) ¯.¯¯ ± Û. ¯.ˆ ± Ú.˘ˆ ¯.Û ± Ú.˜Ù ¯.Ú¯ ± Û.ÒÛ ¯.Ú ± Ú.ˆ˜* ¯.ı ± Ú.ˆÙ π‘«‚∑√øî≈ (%) ˆÙ.¯¯ ± ¯.Ú¯ ˆ. ± ÒÚ.ÒÛ ˆÚ.Û ± ¯.˘Ò ˆÚ.Ò ± ÒÒ.Ò¯ ı˘.ÚÙ ± ÒÒ.¯˜ ˆÚ.˜˘ ± ¯.Ûı ≈‘¡‚ø‰´μå (%) Ú˘.¯Ú ± ˜.Ù ÛÛ.Ù˘ ± Ò.ı¯ ÛÒ.ı˘ ± ˜.ÙÛ ÛÒ.ÚÒ ± ˘.ıı ÛÛ.ÛÚ ± ¯.˘ı ÛÒ.Òı ± ˆ.Û¯ Œ’‚¡‚°≈∫‘π (°./¥≈.) ÒÚ.¯ı ± Ò.ıÙ ÒÚ.˜Ù ± Ò.Ùˆ ÒÚ.˜ı ± Ò.ıÚ ÒÚ.ıÙ ± Ò.ˆ˜ ÒÚ.˜ ± Ò.ˆÒ ÒÚ.ˆ¯ ± Ò.˘ Œ’¡“‚∑§√‘μ (%) Ûˆ.Û˘ ± Û.˘˜ Ûˆ.ıÛ ± Û.˜¯ Ûˆ.ÙÚ ± Û.ˆ¯ Ûı.¯Ù ± Ù.Ú¯ Ûˆ.Ù˘ ± Û.˘ı Ûˆ.ÛÒ ± Ù.¯Ù ‡°≈Á¥‡≈◊Õ¥ (K/μL) ÚÛˆ ± ÙÚ ÚÚ ± ÙÚ ÚÛÚ ± ıÚ ÚÒı ± ÙÛ ÚÛı ± ÙÚ ÚÚ˜ ± Ù˜

¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈· ¥ß„π√Ÿª§à“‡©≈’Ë¬ ± §à“‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π¡“μ√∞“π *·μ°μà“ßÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘‡¡◊ËÕ‡∑’¬∫°—∫°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß ‡¡◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫§à“∑’Ë«—¥„π«—π‡¥’¬«°—π (§à“æ’< .ı)

μ“√“ß∑’Ë Û √–¥—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°ª«¥¢Õß°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß (Û˜ √“¬) ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫¬“‰¥‚§≈øï·π§ (ÛÛ √“¬)

√–¥—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°ª«¥ ºŸâªÉ«¬ «—π∑’Ë 0«—π∑’Ë Û«—π∑’Ë ˜

°≈ÿà¡‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß ˆ.ÙÒ ± Ò.ÒÚ Û.ÙÒ ± Ò.Û¯* Ò.˜Û ± Ò.ÙÛ* °≈ÿà¡‰¥‚§≈øï·π§ ˆ.ıˆ ± .˘Ò Û.ˆ ± Ú.** Ò.˜ı ± Ú.**

¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑ÿ°§à“· ¥ß„π√Ÿª§à“‡©≈’Ë¬± §à“‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π¡“μ√∞“π *·μ°μà“ßÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘‡¡◊ËÕ‡∑’¬∫°—∫°àÕπ‰¥â√—∫‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß (§à“æ’ < .ı) **·μ°μà“ßÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘‡¡◊ËÕ‡∑’¬∫°—∫°àÕπ‰¥â√—∫‰¥‚§≈øï·π§ (§à“æ’ < .ı)

√–¥—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°ª«¥«—¥‚¥¬„™â VAS π—Èπ æ∫«à“∑—Èß°≈ÿà¡ ∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ μ√å«à“ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß¡’ƒ∑∏‘Ï¬—∫¬—Èß°“√ ∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß·≈–‰¥â√—∫¬“‰¥‚§≈øï·π§¡’ À≈—Ëß “√∑’Ë‡ªìπ “‡Àμÿ¢Õß°“√Õ—°‡ ∫¯-˘ ·≈– “¡“√∂≈¥°“√ √–¥—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°ª«¥≈¥≈ßÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠À≈—ß®“°‰¥â√—∫ “√ Õ—°‡ ∫„π —μ«å∑¥≈Õß‰¥â ·≈–¡’§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬„π§πÒÒ. §≥– °—¥„π«—π∑’Ë Û ·≈–«—π∑’Ë ˜ (μ“√“ß∑’Ë Û) ‡∑’¬∫°—∫°àÕπ‰¥â√—∫¬“ ºŸâ√“¬ß“π®÷ß‰¥â∑”°“√»÷°…“°“√„™â¬“ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß„π ·≈–‰¡àæ∫§«“¡·μ°μà“ßÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘¢Õß√–¥—∫ ºŸâªÉ«¬Õ“°“√ª«¥À≈—ß à«π≈à“ß ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫°“√„™â¬“‰¥- §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°ª«¥∑’Ë≈¥≈ß√–À«à“ß∑—Èß Ú °≈ÿà¡. ‚§≈øî·π§ æ∫«à“ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß “¡“√∂≈¥√–¥—∫ §«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°ª«¥≈ß‰¥â‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—∫¬“‰¥‚§≈øï·π§ ´÷Ëß‡™◊ËÕ«à“ «‘®“√≥å ‡°‘¥®“°ƒ∑∏‘Ï¢Õß “√ genistein-7-O-[→γ-rhamno- °“√√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬Õ“°“√ª«¥À≈—ß à«π≈à“ß∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å pyranosyl-(1→6)-β-glucopyranoside] ∑’Ë¡’„π “√ °—¥ ·ºπªí®®ÿ∫—π ºŸâªÉ«¬®–‰¥â√—∫¬“μâ“πÕ—°‡ ∫∑’Ë‰¡à„™à μ’√Õ¬¥å ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß´÷Ëß¡’√“¬ß“π«à“¡’ƒ∑∏‘Ï¬—∫¬—Èß°“√À≈—Ëß¢Õß “√ À√◊Õ¬“§≈“¬°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕ ´÷Ëß¬“‡À≈à“π—Èπ¡—°°àÕ„Àâ‡°‘¥Õ“°“√¢â“ß ‰Õ‚§ –πÕ¬¥å ´÷Ëß‡ªìπ “√∑’Ë°àÕ„Àâ‡°‘¥°“√Õ—°‡ ∫˘. ‡§’¬ßμ“¡¡“. ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß‡ªìπ ¡ÿπ‰æ√™π‘¥Àπ÷Ëß„π¬“μ”√—∫ °“√μ√«®æ∫«à“ª√‘¡“≥‡¡Á¥‡≈◊Õ¥¢“«¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë‰¥â ”À√—∫√—°…“∫√√‡∑“Õ“°“√ª«¥‡¡◊ËÕ¬√à“ß°“¬ ´÷Ëß¡’À≈—°∞“π √—∫ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß≈¥≈ßÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘ ·μà ÚÚ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

¬—ßÕ¬Ÿà„π‡°≥±åª√°μ‘ÒÛ ‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—∫ª√‘¡“≥‚ª√μ’π√«¡·≈– ‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß °≈Õ∫Ÿ≈‘π„πºŸâªÉ«¬°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫¬“‰¥‚§≈øï·π§ ∑’Ë≈¥≈ßÕ¬à“ß¡’ Ò. Harrisonûs Internal Medicine. Chapter 15: Back and neck pain. McGraw- ÒÙ Hill Companies. 2006. http://www.accessmedicine.com π—¬ ”§—≠·μàÕ¬Ÿà„π‡°≥±åª√°μ‘ · ¥ß«à“ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å Ú. ®‘√“æ√ Õ◊ÈÕ‡∑’¬π. Factors related to low back pain prevention among ‡ª√’¬ß∑’Ë»÷°…“¡’§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬ Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫º≈°“√»÷°…“∑’Ë home-based seamstresses. «‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏å “∏“√≥ ÿ¢»“ μ√å¡À“ ÒÒ ∫—≥±‘μ (°“√æ¬“∫“≈ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢), ∫—≥±‘μ«‘∑¬“≈—¬, ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ‰¥â¥”‡π‘π°“√„πÕ“ “ ¡—§√ ÿ¢¿“æª√°μ‘. ‡π◊ËÕß®“°√–¬– ¡À‘¥≈ ÚıÙˆ. ‡«≈“°“√»÷°…“ —Èπ‡æ’¬ß ˜ «—π ®÷ß‰¡àæ∫º≈¢â“ß‡§’¬ßÀ√◊Õ°“√ Û. ÿ√’¬åæ√ ‡ª≈’Ë¬ππ§√. Experience, management, and effects of pain in chronic low back pain. «‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏å “∏“√≥ ÿ¢¡À“∫—≥±‘μ (°“√ ‡ª≈’Ë¬π·ª≈ß∑“ß™’«‡§¡’®“°°“√√—°…“¥â«¬ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å æ¬“∫“≈ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢), ∫—≥±‘μ«‘∑¬“≈—¬, ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘§≈, ÚıÙı. ‡ª√’¬ß·≈–¬“‰¥‚§≈øï·π§ ®÷ß ¡§«√∑’Ë®–‰¥â∑”°“√°“√»÷°…“ Ù. Õ—®©√“ °ÿ≈«‘ ÿ∑∏‘Ï. º≈¢â“ß‡§’¬ß¢Õß¬“„π°≈ÿà¡ Non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs „π: ÿ√æ≈ Õ‘ √‰°√»’≈ (∫√√≥“∏‘°“√). ·≈–‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡æ‘Ë¡‡μ‘¡μàÕ‰ªÕ’° ‡æ◊ËÕ®–‰¥â∑√“∫«à“ “√ °—¥ Õ“¬ÿ√»“ μ√å∑—π¬ÿ§ . °√ÿß‡∑æœ : ‚√ßæ‘¡æå‡√◊Õπ·°â«°“√æ‘¡æå; ÚıÙı ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß “¡“√∂∫√√‡∑“Õ“°“√·≈–‰¡à‡°‘¥Õ“°“√¢â“ß Àπâ“ ÚÒÒ - Û˘. ‡§’¬ßÀ“°‰¥â√—∫¬“´È” Ê ´÷Ëß®–‡ªìπª√–‚¬™πåμàÕºŸâªÉ«¬ ·≈– àß ı. ø“√å√’¥–Àå ·«ÕŸ¡“, «π‘¥“ Õÿ¡“¬’. ¬“·°âª«¥ ≈¥‰¢â ·≈–¬“μâ“π°“√ Õ—°‡ ∫ (Analgesics, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs). „π :‚æ¬¡ ‡ √‘¡°“√„™â ¡ÿπ‰æ√„π°“√∫”∫—¥√—°…“¥â«¬. «ß»å¿Ÿ«√—°…å, æ¬ß§å ‡∑æÕ—°…√ (∫√√≥“∏‘°“√). ‡¿ —™«‘∑¬“ ‡≈à¡ Ú. °√ÿß‡∑æœ : ‚√ßæ‘¡æåª√–™ÿ¡™à“ß®”°—¥; ÚıÙÙ. √ÿª ˆ. ®‘π¥“æ√ ¿√‘æ—≤π“«ß…å.Ÿ ‡¿ —™‡«∑°—∫μ”√“¬“·ºπ‚∫√“≥. °√ÿß‡∑æœ: ‚√ßæ‘¡æåÕß§å°“√ ß‡§√“–Àå∑À“√ºà“π»÷°; ÚıÛ˘. °“√»÷°…“ª√– ‘∑∏‘º≈·≈–º≈¢â“ß‡§’¬ß¢Õß°“√„™â “√ °—¥ ˜. «ÿ≤‘ «ÿ≤‘∏√√¡‡«™. “√“πÿ°√¡ ¡ÿπ‰æ√ √«¡À≈—°‡¿ —™°√√¡‰∑¬. °√ÿß‡∑æœ : ‚Õ. ‡Õ . æ√‘Èπμ‘Èß ‡Œâ“ å; ÚıÙ. ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬ª«¥À≈—ß à«π≈à“ß ∑’ËÀâÕßμ√«®ºŸâªÉ«¬ ¯. æ‘ ¡—¬ ‡À≈à“¿—∑√‡°…¡, Houghton PJ, Hoult JR , Õ√ÿ≥æ√ Õ‘∞√—μπå. An πÕ° ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈«—ßπÈ”‡¬Áπ ®—ßÀ«—¥ √–·°â« ‰¡àæ∫§«“¡º‘¥ evaluation of the activity related to inflammation of four plants used in Thailand to treat arthritis. J Ethnopharmacol 2003;85:207-15. ª√°μ‘„¥ Ê ∑’Ë‰¡àæ÷ßª√– ß§å ·≈–æ∫«à“™à«¬≈¥√–¥—∫§«“¡ ˘. æ‘ ¡—¬ ‡À≈à“¿—∑√‡°…¡, Houghton PJ and Hoult JR. Anti-inflammatory √Ÿâ ÷°ª«¥‰¥â‰¡àμà“ß®“°¬“‰¥‚§≈øï·π§ ®÷ßÕ“® √ÿª‰¥â«à“ “√ isoflavonoids from the stems of Derris scandens. Planta Med 2004; 70:496-501. °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß‡ªìπÕ’°∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°Àπ÷Ëß ”À√—∫√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬ Ò. ª√“≥’ ™«≈‘μ∏”√ß, ∑√ßæ≈ ™’«–æ—≤πå, Õ—≠™≈’ ®Ÿ±–æÿ∑∏‘, ¥ÿ¥’ Õ“°“√ª«¥À≈—ß à«π≈à“ß. √—μπ®√— ‚√®πå, ¡‡°’¬√μ‘ ªí≠≠“¡—ß. Chronic toxicity study of crude extract of Derris scandens Benth. Songklanakarin J Sci Technol 1999;21:425-33. °‘μμ‘°√√¡ª√–°“» ÒÒ. ª√“≥’ ™«≈‘μ∏”√ß, ∫ÿ…√“«√√≥ »√’«√√∏π–, »‘√‘¡“ ªí∑¡¥‘≈°, ¥ÿ¥’ ¿≠. °”‰√ °ƒμ»‘≈ªá ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈∫“ß°√–∑ÿà¡ ®—ßÀ«—¥ √—μπ®√— ‚√®πå, ª√“≥’ ®—π∑‡æÁ™√å, ‰æ®‘μ√å «√“™‘μ. Safety of Derris scandens hydroalcoholic extract in healthy volunteers. «“√ “√°“√ æ‘…≥ÿ‚≈° ‰¥â™à«¬®—¥À“«—μ∂ÿ¥‘∫ ¡ÿπ‰æ√. ». πæ. «‘…≥ÿ ∏√√¡-·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ÚıÙ¯; Û:Ò˜-Úˆ. ≈‘¢‘μ°ÿ≈ §≥–·æ∑¬»“ μ√å »‘√‘√“™æ¬“∫“≈ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ ÒÚ. ª√–‰æ «ß»å ‘π§ß¡—Ëπ, ∏‘¥“√—μπå ∫ÿ≠√Õ¥, ‡¬Áπ®‘μ√ ‡μ™–¥”√ß ‘π, ®“√’¬å ∫—π ‘∑∏‘Ï, ª√“≥’ ™«≈‘μ∏”√ß. §ÿ≥¿“æ∑“ß‡§¡’¢Õß “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å ·≈–º». ¥√. √ÿâßπ¿“ º“≥‘μ√—μπå §≥–æ¬“∫“≈»“ μ√å ‡ª√’¬ß„π ı% ‡Õ∏“πÕ≈. «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ „Àâ§”ª√÷°…“. §ÿ≥ªí∑¡“«¥’ ‡ μ–°—≥≥– ·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ÚıÙ¯;Û:¯ˆ-ÒÒ. ÒÛ. Greer JP, Foerster J, Lukens JN, Rodgers GM, Paraskevas F, Glader ∂“∫—π«‘®—¬ ¡ÿπ‰æ√ °√¡«‘∑¬“»“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬å ‡ªìπºŸâ BE. Wintrobeûs Clinical Hematology. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams ∑¥ Õ∫°“√ªπ‡ªóôÕπ‡™◊ÈÕ®ÿ≈‘π∑√’¬å¢Õß·§ª´Ÿ≈ “√ °—¥‡∂“«—≈¬å & Wilkins; 2003. ÒÙ. Faulkner WR, King JW. Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry. ‡ª√’¬ß. ‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈«—ßπÈ”‡¬Áπ ®—ßÀ«—¥ √–·°â« ¡’ Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 1996. ∫∑∫“∑ ”§—≠„π°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π«‘®—¬„π‚§√ß°“√π’È. Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ÚÛ

Abstract A Study of the Efficacy of Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth. Extract Compared with Diclofenac for the Alleviation of Low Back Pain Yuthapong Srimongkol*, Paijit Warachit†, Pranee Chavalittumrong‡, Busarawan Sriwanthana§, Radjai Pairour#, Chuntida Inthep§, Boonyanee Suphaphon‡, Prapai Wongsinkongman‡ *Sa Kaeo Provincial Public Health Office, Sa Kaeo Province 27000 †Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000 ‡Medicinal Plant Research Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health §National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health #Wang Namyen Hospital, Sa Kaeo Province 27210

A clinical study was carried out to compare the efficacy and side effects between the 50 per cent ethanol extract of Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth and a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug Diclofenac for the treatment of two groups of patients with low back pain. A group of 37 patients received a 200 mg-capsule of D. scandens extract orally three times a day for seven days and the other group of 33 patients received the 25 mg Diclofenac tablet orally three times a day for seven days. The results show only the finding of a significant decrease in white blood cell count within the normal range on day 7 among patients in the D. scandens-treated group, while there was not even the slightest change in the Diclofenac-treated group; patients in both groups experienced no side effects from the treatment. With regard the efficacy of treatment, the levels of pain, as measured by the Visual Analog Scale, in both groups were significantly lower on days 3 and 7 as compared with pretreatment baseline levels, and the results of pain alleviation were not different significantly between the two treatment groups. The study concluded that the benefit of treatment of patients with low back pain with the 50 per cent ethanol extract of D. scandens at a dose of 600 mg/day and with diclofenac at a dose of 75 mg/day for seven days were comparable. Key words: Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth, Diclofenac, low back pain «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬åå å∑“ß‡≈åå ◊Õ°◊◊ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°ªï∑’Ë ı ©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡-‡¡…“¬π Úıı Vol.ªï∑’Ë ı©∫5 No.—∫∑’Ë 1Ò ¡°√“§¡January-April - ‡¡…“¬π 2007Úıı Original Article An Antioxidative and Cytotoxic Substance Extracted from Curcuma comosa Roxb.

Somchit Niumsakul* Angkana Hirunsaree* Suvara Wattanapitayakul† Nuchatra Junsuwanitch* Kasem Prapanupun*

Abstract The powerful antioxidative and HeLa cytotoxic activity of crude ethanol extract of Curcuma comosa Roxb. prompted us to carry out biologically-guided separation of the active constituent. Chromatographic separation of the ethanol extract yielded fractions Zcc(R)-E-1 and Zcc(R)-E-2. The potent fraction Zcc(R)-E- 1 was subsequently bioassay-guided separated and the active fraction Zcc(R)-E-15 was obtained. Recrystal- lization of fraction Zcc(R)-E-15 yielded compound A, exhibited antioxidant power 1064.73 ± 60.96 μM vitamin C equivalence and HeLa cell cytotoxicity with IC50 4.44 ± 0.85 μg/ml. With structure elucidation via spectroscopic techniques, compound A was identified as 4,6-dihydroxy-2-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)acetophenone. Key words: Curcuma comosa, antioxidant, 4,6-dihydroxy-2-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)acetophenone

Introduction compounds, some of which possess interesting bio- Several plants belonging to the genus Curcuma logical activities. C. comosa was originally cultivated of the family Zingiberaceae, i.e., Curcuma aromatica in Indonesia, where it is known as Temoelawak, and Salisb., C. comosa Roxb., C. longa Linn., C. parviflora spread to several areas in the Indo-Malaysian terri- Wall., C. xanthorrhiza Roxb. and C. zedoaria Roxb., tory as well as Thailand. In Thailand, this plant is have been used as traditional medicine for the treat- commonly known as Waan chak mod luuk1, and has ment of a wide range of diseases in many Asian coun- been used widely by traditional practitioners for the tries including Thailand. Phytochemical investiga- treatment of postpartum uterine inflammation and also tions of these plants led to the isolation of several as an aromatic stomachic and cholerctic2. In 1994 Jurgen et al.3 reported the nematicidal activity of diarylheptanoids, and the active principal agents in *Medicinal Plant Research Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000 hexane-soluble fraction of the methanol extract of C. 4-8 †Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot comosa. Piyachaturawat et al. investigated the bio- University, Prasanmitr, Bangkok 10110 logical activities of C. comosa crude extracts. It was

ÚÙ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 Úı found that the hexane extract was effective in the umn chromatography was used. uterotropic activity by increasing uterine weight and 3. Instruments glycogen content in rats, whereas the ethylacetate 3.1 Ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer (Jasco, extract exhibited the hypolipidemic activity in mice. Uvidec 650) The isolation and initial assessment of the 3.2 Gemini 2000 NMR Spectrometer (Varian, hypolipidemic effect of two new phenolic USA) for 1H and 13C-NMR diarylheptanoids of C. comosa was reported in 1997. 3.3 JASCO A 302 Spectrophotometer for IR Since C. comosa expresses assorted activities, determination the search for new biological activities with respon- 3.4 Seisakusho micro melting point sible compounds should be actively continued. In this 3.5 High performance liquid chromato- paper, we report a bioassay-guided isolation of the graphy : Waters 600 Controller cytotoxic and anti-oxidative constituent from the rhi- Detector: Waters 996 Photodiode Array Detector zome of C. comosa. 3.6 Plate reader (Biorad model 550) Methods Materials and Methods 1. Extraction of C. comosa rhizomes Materials Pulverized rhizome (1 kg) was extracted succes- 1. Plant material sively with n-hexane and with ethanol in a Soxhlet Fresh rhizomes of Waan chak mod luuk were extractor to yield dried extract of 41.42 g and 59.05 g, collected from a plantation in Nakhon Pathom prov- respectively. ince, Thailand in November 2000 and identified, based 2. Separation of biologically active compound A on the plant taxonomy, as Curcuma comosa Roxb.1,9,10 The ethanol extract (20 g) was chromatographed The voucher specimens (Department of Medical Sci- on silica gel 60 using a gradient of ethylacetate-metha- ences Herbarium No. 1464) were deposited at the nol as the eluting solvent to yield two fractions of Department of Medical Sciences Herbarium. The fresh Zcc(R)-E-1 and Zcc(R)-E-2. Biologically guided sepa- rhizomes were washed, sliced and dried in an oven ration led to the re-chromatography of fraction Zcc(R)- at 40-50˚C. The dried rhizomes were ground and E-1 (11.40 g) with silica gel 60 twice and finally with kept at room temperature in well-sealed closed ves- Cosmosil 75C18-OPN reversed-phase column chroma- sels. tography. The active compound was obtained in 2. Chemicals methanol water fraction. After recrystallization in 2.1 Solvents -chloroform, ethyl acetate, etha- methanol, the purification of the active compound nol were of commercial grade and were purified by was confirmed by subjecting it to HPLC using X distillation before use. TerraTM RP18 column (5μm, 4.6 × 150 mm), 40 per -methanol was of analytical recent methanol in water as the eluent and the Waters agent grade. 996 photodiode array as the detector. 2.2 Chemicals used - anisaldehyde-sulfuric 3. Structure elucidation of the active compound acid spraying reagent11 (0.5% ethanolic solution of A anisaldehyde with 5% sulfuric acid). The structure of the active compound was elu- 2.3 Siliga gel 60 for column chromatography cidated by spectroscopic techniques using 1H-NMR, 13 with particle sizes 0.063-0.200 mm, siliga gel GF254 C-NMR and IR. The melting point of the compound precoated plate for thin-layer chromatography and was also determined and uncorrected. siliga gel PF254 for preparative-layer chromatography 4. Free Reducing/Antioxidant Power (FRAP) were obtained from E. Merck, Germany. Cosmosil Assay 12 75C18-OPN (nacalai tesque) for reversed-phase col- The FRAP assay was conducted at room tem- Úˆ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

perature under pH 3.6 where the reduction of ferric cent yield. The ethanol extract was obtained as a tripyridyltriazine (Fe3+-TPTZ) to the ferrous form (blue dark reddish-brown mass in a 5.9 per cent yield. color) can be monitored for 0-4 min absorbance change 2. Separation of biologically active compound A at 595 nm with a plate reader (Biorad model 550). Chromatographic separation of ethanol extract The FRAP reagent contained 10 mM TPTZ (Fluka), 40 (20.0 g) of C. comosa rhizome yielded the fractions mM HCl (Merck), and 20 mM FeCl3.6H2O (Merck) at Zcc(R)-E-1 and Zcc(R)-E-2 of 11.40 g and 3.61 g, re- the ratio of 10:1:1. The standard solution of spectively. Repeated separation of fraction Zcc(R)-E- FeSO4.7H2O (Merck) and antioxidant ascorbic acid 1 using chromatograph techniques afforded active frac- (Sigma) was used as the standard. The antioxidant tion Zcc(R)-E-15. In continuation of recrystallization, capacity of the plant extracts was presented as μM the crystalline compound A was obtained (0.16 g). vitamin C equivalence. The HPLC -retention time of compound A was 5. Cell Culture and Treatment Protocol 3.403 min [mobile phase: 40% MeOH:H2O, wavelength Human cervix adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa) were of detection 254 nm]. obtained from the National Cancer Institute (Thai- 3. Structure elucidation of the active compound land) and cultured in minimum essential medium A (MEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, Compound A was obtained as a colorless needle, 1.5 g/L sodium bicarbonate, 1.0 mM sodium pyru- mp 210-212 ˚C vate, 2 mM L-glutamine, 100 units/mL penicillin, and 1H-NMR : δ (CD3OD) 5.95(1H, d, J= 2.0 Hz), 6.17 1 100 μg/ml streptomycin (Gibco BRL). The cultures ( H, d, J= 2.0 Hz), 2.69(3H, s, OCCH3). 13 were maintained at 37˚C in a 5 per cent CO2 humidi- C-NMR: δ (CD3OD): 32.7(CH3), 63.0, 67.4, 70.9, 73.9, fied atmosphere. At subconfluence, HeLa cells were 74.6, 102.2(C-6′,C-4′,C-3′,C-2′,C-5′,C-1′)a, 91.6(C-3), trypsinized and seeded to a 96-well plate at 1 × 105 94.9(C-5), 104.5(C-1), 160.3(C-6), 165.1(C-2), 165.4(C- cells/well and allowed to attach overnight. Cells were 4), 202.7(CO).

then exposed to increasing concentrations of doxoru- IR: νKBr 3434, 2920, 1637, 1604, 1466, 1367, 1288, max bicin (DOX) (10-9 M to 10-5M) or plant extracts for 48 1077, 834 cm-1. hours, in triplicate. Based on spectroscopic data, compound A 6. Cytotoxicity assay was identified as 4,6-dihydroxy-2-O-(β-D-gluco- HeLa cytotoxicity was determined by crystal vio- pyranosyl)acetophenone (1), Figure 1. let method, as described by Takahashi13. Briefly, af- O CH HO ter 48 hours incubation, cells were washed twice with C 3 6′ PBS, and fixed with 10 per cent buffered formalin. 1 O 5′ 4′ HO O 1′ OH Prefiltered 0.1 per cent crystal violet solution in wa- ′ OH HO2 ter/MeOH was used to stain the live cells. Cell sur- 5 3 vival was quantified by lysing the cells in 50 mM OH sodium citrate solution in water/EtOH and measured (1) the absorbance at 595 nM with the plate reader. To Figure 1 Compound A, 4,6-dihydroxy-2-O-(β-D- determine the cytotoxic effect of the medicinal plant glucopyranosyl)acetophenone extracts, IC50 of doxorubicin (Sigma) were evaluated in comparison with the plant extracts. 4. Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power (FRAP) Results Assay The total antioxidant capacity of the plant ex- 1. Extraction of C. comosa rhizomes tracts (1 mg/mL) presented in a vitamin C equivalent The n-hexane extract of C. comosa rhizomes was unit is shown in Table 1. Crude extract-Zcc(R) showed obtained as a pale yellowish viscous oil in a 4.14 per the highest antioxidant power among the samples Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 Ú˜

6.17 d, J= 2.0 Hz. The coupling constant value showed Table1 Total antioxidant capacity of the plant extracts evaluated these two protons to be meta to each other. A three- by ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. proton singlet at δ 2.69 accounted for a methyl group Curcuma comosa Roxb. Total antioxidant capacity attached to an aromatic keto group. The rest of the 1 extracts (1 mg/mL) (μM vitamin C equivalence)* H-NMR spectrum clearly revealed the presence of a glucoside moiety in 4,6-dihydroxy-2-O-(β-D- Zcc(R) 6931 ± 407.70 glucopyranosyl)acetophenone (mp 210-212˚C) as ± Zcc(R)-E-1 2023.12 154.73 shown in Table 3. The signal of a quaternary carbon Zcc(R)-E-2 854.11 ± 42.45 at 202.7 in the 13C-NMR spectrum confirmed the pres- Zcc(R)-E15 1064.73 ± 60.96 ence of a keto functional group in the molecule as *Data are presented as Mean ± SEM shown in Table 4. Its IR spectrum (KBr) showed absorption at 3434 cm-1 indicating the presence of hy- droxyl groups (O-H); the broad, intense absorption Table 2 Cytotoxicity of doxorubicin and plant extract in HeLa cells. band at 1637 cm-1 was indicative of a conjugated

Compound IC50(μg/mL)* Doxorubicin 0.11 0.01 Zcc(R) 1.70 0.21 Table 3 1H-NMR Spectral Data of 4,6-dihydroxy-2-O-(β-D- Zcc(R)-E-1 1.47 0.46 glucopyranosyl) acetophenone in CD3OD. Zcc(R)-E-2 11.56 2.13 Position δ (ppm), J(Hz) Zcc(R)-E15 4.44 0.85 H 3 6.17(1H, d,2.0) *Data are presented as Mean ± SEM 5 5.95(1H, d, 2.0)

OCCH3 2.69 tested. The assay showed intra and inter-day vari- ability at less than 10 per cent. Table 4 13C-NMR Data for 4,6-dihydroxy-2-O-(β-D- 5. Cytotoxicity Effect of Plant Extracts glucopyranosyl)acetophenone in CD3OD Table 2 shows the cytotoxic effects of doxorubi- 4,6-dihydroxy-2-O- cin and the plant extracts on HeLa cells. The IC50 Position (β-D-glucopyranosyl) (concentrations that kill 50% of the cells) demonstrated acetophenone that doxorubicin was (15-fold more potent than Zcc(R) 1 104.5 (IC50=0.11 ± 0.01 vs 1.70 ± 0.21 g/ml, respectively). 2 165.1 Further fractionation did not increase the potency. 3 91.6 4 165.4 Discussion 5 94.9 The ethanol extract of C. comosa rhizomes pos- 6 160.3 sesses high antioxidant power and cytotoxic effect 1' 102.2 a on HeLa cells. These results prompted us to carry 2' 73.9 3' 70.9a out the bioassay-guided separation of the active con- 4' 67.4a stituent from the rhizomes of C. comosa. Chromato- 5' 74.6a graphic isolation of the ethanol extract resulted in 6' 63.0a the isolation of a phloracetophenone glucoside, com- C=O 202.7 pound A. The 1H-NMR spectrum revealed the pres- CH3 32.7 ence of two aromatic protons δ 5.95 d, J= 2.0 Hz ; aAssignments within a column may be interchanges. Ú¯ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

keto group (C=O). All these described spectroscopic Piyachaturawat, Department of Physiology, Faculty of data implied that compound A was 4,6-dihydroxy-2- Science, Mahidol University, for their valuable sugges- O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)acetophenone. tions in this study. The phloracetophenone glucoside fraction Zcc(R)- E15, showed total antioxidant capacity of 1064.73 ± References 60.96 μM equivalent to vitamin C. Furthermore, it was found to be cytotoxic to HeLa cells and had an 1. Smitinand T. Thai plant names. (Revised edition). Bangkok : Prachachon Co., Ltd.; 2001. IC50 value of 4.44 ± 0.85 μg/ml. These results showed 2. Piyachaturawat P, Chai-ngam N, Chuncharunee A, Komaratat P, clearly that the isolated phloracetophenone glucoside Suksamrarn A. Choleretic activity of phloracetophenone in rats: fraction was relatively less potent than the ethanol structure-function studies using acetophenone analogues. European extract, Zcc(R) as shown in Tables 1 and 2. There- J Pharmacol 2000;387:221-7. 3. Jurgens TM, Frazier EG, Schaeffer JM, Jones TE, Zink DL, Borris RP, fore, C. comosa may contain more than one active et al. Novel nematocidal agents from Curcuma comosa. J Nat Prod antioxidative/cytotoxic constituent and further stud- 1994;57:230-5. ies to isolate other active constituents are recom- 4. Piyachaturawat P, Ercharuporn S, Suksamrarn A. Uterotropic effect of mended. Curcuma comosa in rats. Int J Pharmacog 1995:33(4):334-8. 5. Piyachaturawat P, Teeratagolpisal N, Toskulkao C, Suksamrarn A. Conclusions Hypolipidemic effect of Curcuma comosa in mice. Artery 1997;22(5): 233-41. Ethanol extracts of Curcuma comosa rhizomes 6. Suksamrarn A, Eiamong S, Piyachaturawat P, Byrnre TL. A were evaluated in the cytotoxicity assay in HeLa cells phloracetophenone glucoside with choleretic activity from Curcuma and antioxidant activity by ferric reducing/antioxi- comosa. Phytochemistry 1997;45:103-5. 7. Piyachaturawat P, Charoenpiboonsin J, Toskulkao C, Suksamrarn A. dant power assay (FRAP). The isolation and identifi- Reduction of plasma cholesterol by Curcuma comosa extract in cation of one of the responsible active compounds hypercholesterolaemic hamster. J Ethnopharmacol 1997;66:199-204. was found to be 4,6-dihydroxy-2-O-(β-D-glucopy- 8. Piyachaturawat P, Timinkul A, Suksamrarn A. Effect of Curcuma comosa ranosyl) acetophenone. extract on male fertility in rats. Pharmaceutic Biol 1999;37:22-27. 9. Schumann K. Zingiberaceae. In: Engler A, editor. Berlin : Pflanzenreich; Acknowledgments 1903: IV. P. 46. 10. Backer CA, Bakhuizen van den Brink RC. Flora of Java. The Netherlands, The authors would like to express deep gratitude I.N.V.P.: Noordhoff-Groningen; 1963. to Professor Dr. Puangpen Siriruksa, Faculty of Science, 11. Styhl E. Thin-layer chromatography. In: A laboratory handbook. Berlin, Prince of Songkhla University, and Associate Professor Heidelburg, New York: Springer-Verlag; 1969. 12. Benzie I, Strain J. Ferric reducing /antioxidant power assay. Direct Dr. Pranom Chantaranothai, Faculty of Science, Khon measure of total antioxidant activity of biological fluids and modified Kaen University, for their valuable suggestions on iden- version for simultaneous measurement of total antioxidant power tifying the plant for assay. The authors also would like and ascorbic acid concentration. Methods Enzymol 1999;299:15-27. to thank Associate Professor Dr. Apichart Suksamrarn, 13. Takahashi GW, Montgomery RB, Stahl WL, Crittenden CA, Valentine MA, Thorning DR, et al. Pentoxifylline inhibits tumor necrosis factor- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, alpha-mediated cytotoxicity and cytostasis in L929 murine fibrosarcoma Ramkhamhaeng University, and Professor Dr. Pawinee cells. Int J Immunopharmacol 1994;16:723-36. Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 Ú˘

∫∑§—¥¬àÕ “√ °—¥«à“π™—°¡¥≈Ÿ°∑’Ë¡’ƒ∑∏‘Ïμâ“πÕπÿ¡Ÿ≈Õ‘ √–·≈–‡ªìπæ‘…μàÕ‡´≈≈å¡–‡√Áß§Õ¡¥≈Ÿ° ¡®‘μ√å ‡π’¬¡ °ÿ≈*, Õ—ß§≥“ À‘√—≠ “≈’*, ÿ«√“ «—≤πæ‘∑¬°ÿ≈†, ≥ÿ©—μ√“ ®—π∑√å ÿ«“π‘™¬å* ‡°…¡ ª√–¿“πÿæ—π∏å* * ∂“∫—π«‘®—¬ ¡ÿπ‰æ√, °√¡«‘∑¬“»“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬å ∂ππμ‘«“ππ∑å, Õ”‡¿Õ‡¡◊Õß, ®—ßÀ«—¥ππ∑∫ÿ√’ †¿“§«‘™“‡¿ —™«‘∑¬“, §≥–·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬»√’π§√‘π∑√«‘‚√≤ ª√– “π¡‘μ√, °√ÿß‡∑æœ “√ °¥‡Àß— “«â “π™à °¡¥≈— °‚¥¬‰¥Ÿ â√—∫°“√μ√«®∑“ßæƒ°…Õπ°√¡«ÿ ∏“π∑‘ ’ËÀâÕßªÆ‘∫—μ‘°“√æ‘æ‘∏¿≥±— åæ◊™ ∂“∫π«— ‘®—¬ ¡ÿπ ‰æ√ °√¡«‘∑¬“»“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬å (Voucher specimen: No. 1464) æ∫«à“¡’ƒ∑∏‘Ïμâ“πÕπÿ¡Ÿ≈Õ‘ √–·≈–¬—∫¬—Èß°“√ßÕ° ‡®√‘≠¢Õß‡´≈≈å¡–‡√Áßª“°¡¥≈Ÿ° ‰ª·¬°À“ “√ ”§—≠∑’ËÕÕ°ƒ∑∏‘Ï‚¥¬‡∑§π‘§‚§√¡“‚μ°√“øøïÕÕ°‡ªìπ Ú à«π§◊Õ Zcc(R)- E-1 ·≈– Zcc(R)-E-2 æ∫«à“ à«π °—¥ Zcc(R)-E-1 ‡ªìπ à«π “√ °—¥∑’ËÕÕ°ƒ∑∏‘Ï¥—ß°≈à“« ®÷ß∑”°“√·¬°μàÕ‡ªìπ à«π °¥¬— Õ¬§«∫§à Ÿà°—∫°“√∑¥ Õ∫ƒ∑∏‘Ï¢Õß·μ≈– à «π °à ¥— æ∫«“ à «π °à ¥¬— Õ¬∑à ’Ë¡’ƒ∑∏‘Ï§Õ◊ Zcc(R)-E-15 ´ß‡¡÷Ë Õμ°º≈◊Ë °®–‰¥÷ “√â §Õ¡‡ª“π¥å ‡Õ ∑’Ë¡’ƒ∑∏‘Ïμâ“πÕπÿ¡Ÿ≈Õ‘ √–´÷Ëß¡’§à“ ÒˆÙ.˜Û± ˆ.˘ˆ μM ¡¡Ÿ≈¢Õß«‘μ“¡‘π´’ (vitamin C equivalence)

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§” ”§—≠ : «à“π™—°¡¥≈Ÿ°, ƒ∑∏‘Ïμâ“πÕπÿ¡Ÿ≈Õ‘ √–, 4,6-dihydroxy-2-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)acetophenone «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬åå å∑“ß‡≈åå ◊Õ°◊◊ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°ªï∑’Ë ı ©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡-‡¡…“¬π Úıı Vol.ªï∑’Ë ı©∫5 No.—∫∑’Ë 1 Ò ¡°√“§¡January-April - ‡¡…“¬π 2007Úıı

Original Article Comparison of the Chemical Constituents in Michelia alba Flower Oil Extracted by Steam Distillation, Hexane Extraction and Enfleurage Method

Worraruethai Pensuk* Tanit Padumanonda* Chayan Pichaensoonthon*†

Abstract White champaka (Michelia alba DC.) is a fragrant flower with a gentle scent that has long been utilized by Thai people; M. alba products remain widely popular in the Thai market. There are several methods for extracting aromatic oil from M. alba flowers and one of them is the enfleurage method which is believed to yield an aromatic oil with closely similar odor to fresh flowers. In this study, M. alba flower oil was extracted by a newly modified enfleurage method using developed buffalo fats along with other aromatic extraction methods; steam distillation and hexane extraction. The chemical composition of M. alba oil extracted from each technique was studied and compared using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) data. Ac- cording to the comparison study of M. alba flower oil, the enfleurage method gave a light yellow oil with similar odor to fresh M. alba flowers and its main composition was indole (1H) (35.5%), whereas the steam distillation method gave a colorless oil with similar odor to boiled M. alba flowers rather than fresh ones. Its major component was linalool (66.92%). The hexane extraction method gave a transparent oil sample with similar but more pungent odor to that of fresh M. alba flowers and its major compounds were 2-methyl butanoic acid and linolool (33.01% and 28.92%, respectively). Indole was also found as a minor component in M. alba flower oil extracted by the steam distillation technique, but was absent in oil extracted by hexane. With further comparison, linalool and 2-methyl butanoic acid were also found in oil extracted by the enfleurage method but in negligible amounts. With regard to perfumery, indole is the natural compound that increases the perceived odor strength and improves the stability of other aromatic compounds in volatile oils. The major components of indole in M. alba flower oil extracted by the enfleurage method could be an obvious benefit of this method. In conclusion, M. alba flower oil extracted by the enfleurage method, using developed buffalo fats, has a desirable quality of aromatic oil, which should meet the high demands of the aromatherapy market. Key words: white champaka, enfleurage, volatile oil, chemical composition, indole, buffalo fat

Introduction alba flowers are the source of a fragrant oil used exten- Michelia alba DC. (white champaka), Family sively for making perfume1,2. The tree producing these Magnoliaceae, is a native Thai plant that is widely cul- flowers ranges from 10 to 15 meters in height and can tivated in home gardens as an ornamental plant. M. grow up to 20 meters if cultivated in a high-moisture area. Ramification is constituted in clustering branches *Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Pharmacognosy, Faculty with brittle twigs. Cracks in the stem bark is in a of Science, Khon Kaen University, Thailand reticulated pattern along the trunk. M. alba is an annual †Academy of Science, the Royal Institute, Thailand flowering plant; generally the flowers begin to bloom

Û Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ÛÒ around 8-9 pm, with their scent becoming quickly wide- are changed daily until the fat is saturated with the spread; the scent begins to fade in the afternoon. fragrance and then the volatile oils are isolated from the Gardeners usually collect the flowers twice a day: at 8-9 fat9. Owing to the fact that the enfleurage method com- pm and at dawn2,3. M. alba acts as a cough suppres- monly uses spermaceti and wool fat, the cost of produc- sant and expectorant in induced tests in animals3. tion is therefore very high. Furthermore, neither of these According to research from China, the extract from two fats are manufactured in Thailand; hence, the double distillation of 600 g of M. alba fresh flowers with enfleurage method is unpopular in this country. How- 1.2 L water used in the ratio of 4:1 was successfully ever, if a cheaper animal fat were available that could used to treat bronchitis patients with, a 75 per cent be used to adsorb flower fragrance instead of the costly recovery rate3. Dry M. alba flowers are also used in ones, the enfleurage method would likely become much Thai traditional medicine for heart and nerve mainte- more popular in Thailand. nance and anti-motion sickness4. In addition to the encouraging pharmacological actions, M. alba is among the wouldûs most famous fragrant flowers; its oil is one Objectives of the common ingredients in several expensive The main purpose of this study was to develop a perfumes5. Various methods are used to extract the practical technique at an affordable price to extract high- volatile oil from aromatic plants, the most common quality volatile oil from fresh M. alba flowers. Further- being steam distillation due to the convenience of the more, the study was intended to compare the physical method and its low cost6,7. Solvent extraction is appearance and chemical constituents of the volatile oil another method for extracting volatile oils applied to extracted by various techniques: steam distillation, hex- heat- sensitive plants in order to avoid the decomposi- ane (solvent) extraction and the enfleurage method. Gas tion of fragrant compounds in the oil. However, the chromatography-mass spectrometry data were used to solvent extraction method involves a high cost owing to determine the chemical composition of the extracted the necessity for removing the solvent from extracted volatile oils. The study also developed an extraction oils, which is an expensive process7. Currently, solvent procedure involving buffalo fat, which is available in extraction by liquid carbon dioxide is an effective tech- Thai markets, to adsorb fat for the enfleurage method. nique for yielding a high-purity volatile oil, with the solvent residue from the extracted oil being completely removed; nonetheless, this technique also involves con- Materials and Methods siderable expense7. Another method for volatile oil extraction is a traditional one, enfleurage, originating in Source of M. alba flowers Grasse, France. This method utilizes animal fats to M. alba flowers were bought in the Sompong Gar- adsorb the fragrant compounds exuded by the fresh den House and Sila House, Sila Subdistrict, Mueng Dis- flowers8,9. Nowadays, with the advances in technology, trict, Khon Kaen province, Thailand from October 2006 the fragrance can be synthesized by chemical reaction to February 2007. Samples of flowers and leaves of M. to produce an odor similar to that of the natural alba were identified by comparing them with herbarium fragrance. However, the natural fragrance is still in voucher specimen number PS 4091, Faculty of Pharma- demand; several factories in France widely use the ceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University. The blossoms enfleurage method for fragrance extraction. The were collected early (6 -7 am) and used for extraction enfleurage method is reportedly the process yielding oil immediately after purchase. The buffalo fat used in this that has an odor most similar to that of fresh flowers8,9. study was the fat near the testicle area of the Thai In the enfleurage method, a large, framed plate of glass buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) also purchased in Khon Kaen is smeared with a layer of animal fat, and petals or province, during the period from October 2006 to Febru- whole flowers are then placed on the fat. The flowers ary 2007. ÛÚ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

then another bowl was turned over to cover the first one. The enfleurage bowls were left overnight. The following morning, a new set of fresh M. alba flowers (100 g) replaced the old ones and the same process was repeated for 14 consecutive days. At the end of the extraction process, the buffalo fat was saturated with fragrance; it was then scraped out and transferred to a clean bottle. Thereafter, 100 ml of cooled ethanol was added to the bottle, left overnight, then filtered to separate the ethanol extract from the fat. The aforemen- tioned method was repeated until there was no fragrance left in the buffalo fat. The combined ethanol filtrate was then evaporated using a rotary evaporator.

Figure 1 Processed buffalo fat for enfleurage The concentrated extract was then centrifuged and the upper layer was kept for analysis of its chemical composition. Preparing buffalo fat for the enfleurage method The buffalo fat was cleaned and unwanted parts Extraction of M. alba oil by steam distillation such as blood vessel and fascia were removed. Then The basic steam distillation set was connected and the fat was sliced into small pieces; 100 g of sliced fat 300 g of fresh M. alba flowers was extracted with 600 ml was weighed and transferred to a glass bottle. Dichloro- distilled water for two hours. The final extract was methane (Sigma, lab grade) (66.7 ml) was added to the cooled and centrifuged to separate the fragrant oil; bottle to attain a fat to solvent ratio of 3:2 weight/vol- then the oil was kept for the analysis of its chemical ume. Then the bottle was tightly closed and kept at composition. ambient temperature for 10 days. The dichloromethane layer containing the extracted fat was separated from Extraction of M. alba oil by hexane the fat by filtration. The filtrate was transferred to an A total of 200 grams of fresh M. alba flowers was aluminum tray and exposed to the sun during daytime weighed and transferred to a brown bottle; 1,000 ml of and dried overnight in a fume hood. Extracted buffalo hexane was added, then the bottle was left for extrac- fat appeared to be clear white (Figure 1); it was scraped tion for one month; and the sample was shaken daily. out and kept in a clean bottle. Ethanol was added to the After one month, the extract was filtered and the hex- extracted fat in a ratio of 1:1 w/v and the fat was kept ane (solvent) removed by rotary evaporator. The oil in for seven days prior to use. Finally, ethanol was poured the hexane extract was extracted again by partition out of the bottle and the extracted fat was transferred to with cooled ethanol. The ethanol layer was then col- a 250 ml beaker and placed superficially above a water lected and quickly evaporated using a rotary evaporator, followed by centrifugation, and the oil was kept for bath at 50ûC until the fat began to aggregate into semi- solid form. Extracted fat from the final process was the analysis of its chemical composition. kept for the enfleurage method. Analysis of chemical composition of oil samples Extraction of M. alba oil by the enfleurage method using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry A total of 100 g of extracted fat from the above- (GC-MS) mentioned method was weighed and then smeared onto Oil samples from the three extraction methods were two glass bowls (20 centimeters in diameter); 100 g of analyzed for their chemical composition using an Agilent fresh M. alba flowers were put into the first bowl and Technologies 6890 N GC-MS with a 5973 innert quadru- Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ÛÛ pole mass selective detector, HP-INNOWAX column (30 Results and Discussion m × 0.25 mm, coated film (0.25 m in thickness). The column was temperature programmed at 40-220 ûC with Comparison of physical appearance of M. alba 4ûC per minute increasing rate, pulse split injector 20:1, flower oil extracted by steam distillation, hexane at 230ûC. The detector was El 70 eV MSD and the extraction and enfleurage method carrier gas was helium (10 psi) with a flow rate of 1.2 The physical appearance of the M. alba flower oil ml/min and 40-450 amu in the mass scan range. The samples were carefully observed as shown in Table 1 constituents of the oil samples were identified by and Figure 2. matching their spectra with those recorded in the MS library (Wiley 7n and Robert P. Adams).

Table 1 Physical appearance of M. alba oil

Extraction method Physical appearance of the oil

Steam distillation Clear colorless solution; immiscible with water; odor similar to boiled M. alba flowers Hexane extraction Deep orange solution; immiscible with water; odor similar to fresh M. alba flowers but more pungent Figure 2 Oil samples from three different methods Enfleurage method using Light yellowish solution; immiscible with 1 = oil sample from enfleurage method using buffalo fat buffalo fat water; odor similar to fresh M. alba flowers 2 = oil sample from steam distillation 3 = oil sample from hexane extraction

Abundance

Time

Figure 3 Total ion chromatogram of oil extracted from fresh M. alba flowers by the enfleurage method. ÛÙ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

Abundance

Time

Figure 4 Total ion chromatogram of oil extracted from fresh M. alba flowers by steam distillation.

Abundance

Time

Figure 5 Total ion chromatogram of oil extracted from fresh M. alba flowers by hexane extraction.

Chemical composition of M. alba flower oil germacrene D (6.02%), phenylethyl alcohol (8.28%), extracted by enfleurage method phenylethyl-2-methyl butyrate (6.80%), indole (1H-indole) According to the total ion chromatogram in Figure (35.49%) and hexadecanoic acid (13.18%). 3, M. alba flower oil consisted of the following compounds: methyl-2-methylbutyrate (5.24%), ethyl-2-methyl Chemical composition of M. alba flower oil butyrate (3.18%), 2-methylbutyl-2-methylbutyrate (0.79 extracted by steam distillation %), trans linalool oxide (< 0.5%), cis linalool oxide (0.90%), According to the total ion chromatogram in Figure linalool (3.09%), 2-methyl butanoic acid (<0.5%), 4, M. alba flower oil consisted of the following com- Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 Ûı pounds: methyl-2-methylbutyrate (7.77%), ethyl-2-methyl derivatives were found in all oil samples with the con- butyrate (6.76%), cis-ocimene (1.81), trans-β-ocimene tents range from below 0.5 to 66 per cent. The obvious (2.26%), trans-linalool oxide (<0.5%), cis-linalool oxide difference was indole, which was found to be the major (0.28%), linalool (66.92%), β-elemene (1.34%), trans- constituent in the oil sample from the enfleurage method. caryophyllene (0.72%) and eugenol (4.52%). A blank sample of buffalo fat extract was also analyzed by GC-MS and the chromatogram showed no peak of Chemical composition of M. alba flower oil indole (Figure 6). Therefore, the high content of indole extracted by hexane in the oil sample from the enfleurage method was con- According to the total ion chromatogram in Figure firmed to be from the fresh M. alba flowers themselves. 5, M. alba flower oil consisted of the following componds: According to previous research data of the Thai- 7 cis ocimene (<0.5%), trans-β-ocimene (<0.5%), trans-lina- land Institute of Scientific and Technological Research , lool oxide (1.14%), cis-linalool oxide (1.43%), linalool linalool is the major component of M. alba flower oil (28.92%), methyl benzoate (0.40%), 2-methylbutanoic acid extracted by steam distillation (66.94% in content)7 which (33.01%), epoxylinalool (0.53%), phenyl ethylalcohol was similar to the finding of our current study which (4.52%) phenetyl-2-methyl benzoate (5.06%) and methyl also found linalool to be the major compound with the eugenol (3.07%). content being 66.92 per cent. Whereas other minor compounds were methyl-2-methylbutyrate (7.77%) and Comparison of chemical constituents in M. alba ethyl-2-methyl butyrate (6.76%), the rest of the compo- flower oil extracted by the enfleurage method, nents were found to have a content of less than 5 per steam distillation and hexane extraction cent for each component. In another study of Shang From the comparison study using GC-MS chroma- and colleagues10, solid phase microextraction was used tography, the constituents from the three methods were to analyze the volatile constituents of M. alba flowers generally similar in chemical classes (esters, alcohol and and the major components were α-myrcene, (S)-li- terpene derivatives), but the yields varied. Linalool and monene, (R)-fenchone, linalool, camphor, caryophyllene,

Abundance

Absence of indole peak

Time

Figure 6 Total ion chromatogram of compounds in blank buffalo fat Ûˆ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

germacrene D and others. Some compounds from that Indole, the exceptional component in M. alba flower study (such as α-myrcene, (S)-limonene, (R)-fenchone) oil from the enfleurage method, has a unique property were not found in this current study due to the differ- as a fixation compound. It was one of the common ence in type of GC-MS column and the variation in ingredients in various perfume formulas used to prolong method conditions. the effect of the more volatile ingredients in the formula Linalool, a compound commonly found as a major in an attempt to equalize the rate of evaporation of the component of M. alba flowers, is a terpene alcohol found component ingredients12. The content of indole in the in many flowers and spice plants with numerous com- oil sample from the enfleurage method was relatively mercial applications. Linalool has a pleasant floral scent large, which may be related to its unique odor being with a touch of spiciness. However, in high concentra- different from that of the oil extracted by steam distillation, the odor of linalool may be too strong and should tion or hexane. be avoided by people with perfume allergy11. Although According to the magnified total ion chromato- linalool has a pleasant scent in general, its content should grams, indole was actually found in a minuscule amount be at an optimum concentration in a perfume. Interest- (less than 0.25%) in M. alba flower oil extracted by steam ingly, linalool and its derivatives (cis-linalool oxide, trans- distillation (Figure 7) but totally absent in that produced linalool oxide) were found in all the oil samples from the by hexane extraction (Figure 8). The indole peak disap- three selected methods, which indicated that an oxida- peared from the original GC-MS chromatogram of the tion reaction occurred during the extraction processes. oil sample from steam distillation because its abundance Linalool derivatives were found in minor amounts (all was below the detection limit. less than 1.5%), whereas parent linalool was found in When considering the extraction processes, the much higher amounts (28.92- 66.92%). enfleurage method is a gentle technique. Fresh M. alba

Abundance

indole

Time

Figure 7 Magnified total ion chromatogram of oil extracted from fresh M. alba flowers by steam distillation (with the indole peak being in minor abundance). Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 Û˜

Abundance

Absence of indole peak

Time

Figure 8 Magnified total ion chromatogram of oil extracted from fresh M. alba flowers by hexane extraction (absence of indole peak).

flowers were simply put on buffalo fat and the fragrance method in our study, in terms of odor and chemical was gradually adsorbed without any carrier, whereas in composition, is encouraging. To the best of our knowl- the steam distillation process, M. alba flowers were boiled edge, prior to our study no enfleurage method has uti- in water and directly exposed to high pressure steam, lized buffalo fat to adsorb the fragrance of flowers. The which may result in a loss of indole content. Indole was enfleurage method may be a new alternative technique not found in the oil sample produced by hexane extrac- to extract high-quality fragrance from flowers in Thai- tion, although M. alba flowers were not exposed to any land, as buffalo fat is cheap and readily available. Fur- harsh conditions. The polarity of hexane and its mis- ther studies of the enfleurage method, with the novel cible factor may result in the absence of indole from oil extraction process of buffalo fat and other animal fats extracted by this solvent. The major constituents found are necessary in order to develop the most suitable ad- in M. alba flower oil produced by hexane extraction sorption fat for this method. were 2-methylbutanoic (33.01% in content) and linalool (28.92% in content). Conclusions Owing to the fact that steam distillation is a method The current study extracted oil from M. alba flow- that was already used to extract M. alba flower oil in ers, one of the world most famous aromatic flowers, several studies, the results showed very similar chemi- using steam distillation, solvent extraction and the cal compositions. Hexane extraction involves a high enfleurage method. The enfleurage method was adapted cost to remove the solvent from the oil. One technique from the traditional method by using developed buffalo left to develop is the enfleurage method, which is not fat to adsorb the fragrance instead of spermaceti or wool commonly used by Thai researchers or the industry. fat. In comparing of GC-MS data of the oil samples The good quality of oil produced by the enfleurage obtained from these three methods, ester compounds Û¯ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

and terpene alcohol are found to be the most common Acknowledgement constituents in oil samples, with some variation in their The first author would like to thank the Graduate contents. School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Linalool and 2-methyl butanoic acid were the two Kaen University, Thailand, for its financial support for major components in oil samples obtained from steam the conduct of the present study. distillation and hexane extraction (66.92 and 33.01% in content, respectively). Linalool was also found in high content in the oil sample obtained from hexane extraction (28.92%). Indole was a major compound found in References the oil sample obtained from the oil produced by the 1. Smitinad T. Thai plant names (Revised edition). Bangkok: The Forest enfleurage method (content of 35.49%). The major com- Herbarium, Royal Forest Department; 2001. p. 355. ponents in M. alba flowers, such as linalool and indole, 2. Sinchaisri P. Aroma plants and essential oils. Nonthaburi: Neon book corresponded to the indication in Thai traditional medi- media printing; 2004. p. 54-55. cine for utilizing scented compounds from plants for the 3. Subcharoen P. Herbal and Thai culture: Part III, Aromatic plants. Bangkok: The Institute of Thai Traditional Medicine Printing; 1999. p. purpose of affecting a personûs mood or health. Linolool 50-51. is known as an important attractant pheromone for many 4. Bunyapraphatsara N, editor. HerbsÇPlant folklore. Bangkok: Medicinal insects and is used as an aromatic in many perfumes,13 Plant Information Center, Mahidol University; 1996. p. 712. similarly indole at high dilutions has a pleasant odor 5. Valerie A W. The complete book of essentials oils and aromatherapy. and is used in perfumery as well14. Novato (CA): New World Library; 1991. p. 15-18. 6. Oyen LPA, editor. Plant resources in South East Asia: 19 essential oil According to the GC-MS data, the different ex- plants. Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research. traction methods resulted in variations in the compo- Nonthaburi: Sahamit Printing; 2002. p. 24-25. nents and their content in the oil samples. The unex- 7. Prabhasanobol D, editor. Thai essential oil (Part I). Thailand Institute pected high yield of indole in the oil sample from the of Scientific and Technological Research. Bangkok: Seven Printing Group Ltd; 2005. p. 16-21, 51. enfleurage method was an engaging result. However, 8. Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research. Extraction an extensive organoleptic test and survey of consumer of essential oil from flowers by cold enfleurage. Natural Agriculture. satisfaction with the oil product are required to fully 2006; 2: 23. assess the quality of oil obtained with this method. Fu- 9. Guenther E. The essential oil, Vol. 1. Lancaster (PA): Lancaster Press Inc.; 1965. p. 13-14. ture intensive studies on various animal fats and their 10. Shang C, Hu Y, Deng C, Hu K. Rapid determination of volatile capacity to adsorb the fragrance from aromatic flowers constituents of Michelia alba flowers by chromatography-mass may also lead the way in finding more methods that spectrometry with solid-phase microextraction. J Chromatography A can be applied to extract high quality oil from such 2002;942:283-8. flowers. In addition, animal fats, such as buffalo fat, 11. Joule J A., Mills K. Heterocyclic chemistry. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science; 2000. p. 25. cow fat and pig fat, are very cheap and available in the 12. Basketter DA, Wright ZM, Colson NR, Patlewicz GY, Smith Pease market, and if successfully developed to extract the aro- CK. Investigation of the skin-sensitizing activity of linalool. Contact matic compounds from flowers, they should be very useful Dermatitis 2002;47:161-4. as substitutes for traditional fats and provide an alter- 13. Lewinsohn E, Schalechet F, Wilkinson J. Enhanced levels of the aroma and flavor compound S-linaollo by metabolic engineering of native method of extracting fragrant from oils flowers the terpenoid. Plant Physiology 2001;127:1556-65. for the Thai perfume industry. 14. Sundberg RJ. Indoles. San Diego: Academic Press; 1996. p. 212-5. Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 Û˘

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∫∑π” °“√μ√«®√à“ß°“¬, ∏ÿ√°‘®∫√‘°“√ àß‡ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ ‰¥â·°à ∫√‘°“√ ¡μ‘§≥–√—∞¡πμ√’ ‡¡◊ËÕ«—π∑’Ë ¯ °√°Æ“§¡ ÚıÙ˜ Õπÿ¡—μ‘ ª“, ∫√‘°“√π«¥·ºπ‰∑¬, ∫√‘°“√∑àÕß‡∑’Ë¬«‡™‘ß ÿ¢¿“æ, ·≈– „Àâ°√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢¥”‡π‘πß“πμ“¡·ºπ¬ÿ∑∏»“ μ√åæ—≤π“ ∏ÿ√°‘®æ—≤π“º≈‘μ¿—≥±å ÿ¢¿“æ ¡ÿπ‰æ√ „π√ŸªÕ“À“√‡ √‘¡ ª√–‡∑»‰∑¬„Àâ‡ªìπ»Ÿπ¬å°≈“ß ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß‡Õ‡™’¬ (Thailand: ‡§√◊ËÕß ”Õ“ß ·≈–¬“ ¡ÿπ‰æ√. °”Àπ¥æ◊Èπ∑’Ë‡ªÑ“À¡“¬‡√‘Ë¡ Center of Excellent Health Care of Asia) ¿“¬„π ı ªï ¥”‡π‘π°“√„π æ.». ÚıÙ˜ ®”π«π Ù ®—ßÀ«—¥ §◊Õ °√ÿß‡∑æ- ¢â“ßÀπâ“ (æ.» ÚıÙ˜-ÚııÒ) ‚¥¬‰¥â°”Àπ¥„Àâ¡’º≈‘μ¿—≥±å ¡À“π§√ ‡™’¬ß„À¡à ÿ√“…Æ√å∏“π’ (‡°“– ¡ÿ¬) ·≈–¿Ÿ‡°Áμ. æ.». ·≈–∫√‘°“√¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ ®”π«π Û º≈º≈‘μ §◊Õ ∏ÿ√°‘®∫√‘°“√ÚıÙ¯ °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢‰¥â°”Àπ¥æ◊Èπ∑’Ë‡ªÑ“À¡“¬‡æ‘Ë¡Õ’° √—°…“æ¬“∫“≈ ‰¥â·°à °“√·æ∑¬å‡©æ“–∑“ß ∑—πμ°√√¡ ·≈– Ò ®—ßÀ«—¥ §◊Õ ‡™’¬ß√“¬ ™≈∫ÿ√’ ‡æ™√∫ÿ√’ ª√–®«∫§’√’¢—π∏å Õÿ¥√∏“π’ ª√“®’π∫ÿ√’ °√–∫’Ë æ—ßß“ √–πÕß ·≈– ß¢≈“, ·≈–„πªï Ò *°≈ÿà¡ß“π§ÿâ¡§√ÕßºŸâ∫√‘‚¿§ ”π—°ß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢®—ßÀ«—¥ ß¢≈“ ÚııÒ ®–¥”‡π‘π°“√„π∑ÿ°®—ßÀ«—¥¢Õßª√–‡∑». °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢‰¥âÕÕ°ª√–°“»°√–∑√«ßœ ‡√◊ËÕß

Ù Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ÙÒ

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√–‡∫’¬∫«‘∏’»÷°…“ «‘®—¬‡∑à“π—Èπ ·≈–®–‡°Á∫‡ªìπ§«“¡≈—∫. ®“°π—Èπ·®°·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ °“√»÷°…“π’È‡ªìπß“π‡™‘ß ”√«® ´÷Ëß‡√‘Ë¡μâπ¥â«¬°“√ √â“ß ·≈–Õ∏‘∫“¬«‘∏’°“√μÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß‡ªî¥‚Õ°“ „Àâ ·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡∑’Ë‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ‚¥¬·∫àß‡π◊ÈÕÀ“ ´—°∂“¡·≈–„Àâ‡«≈“„π°“√μÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ ´÷ËßÀ≈—ß®“°∑’Ë∑” ÕÕ°‡ªìπ Û à«π§◊Õ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—Ë«‰ª, §à“μÕ∫·∑π®“°°“√ ‡ √Á®·≈â« ºŸâ‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡≈‡°Á∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡§◊πŸ æ√âÕ¡°≈à“«¢Õ∫§ÿ≥ ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æπ«¥, ·≈–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ√«¡∂÷ß∑—»π§μ‘μàÕß“π °“√«‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ „™â‚ª√·°√¡ Statistical Package for ∑’Ë∑”Õ¬Ÿà„πªí®®ÿ∫—π. „π à«π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—Ë«‰ª‡ªìπ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥∑—Ë« Ê Social Sciences (SPSS) §”π«≥À“§à“ ∂‘μ‘‡™‘ßæ√√≥π“ ‰ª¢ÕßºŸâμÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡·≈– ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√∑’Ë∑”ß“πÕ¬Ÿà μà“ß Ê ‰¥â·°à §à“‡©≈’Ë¬ §à“‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π¡“μ√∞“π §à“ Ÿß ÿ¥ §à“μË” ‡™àπ ™π‘¥¢Õß°“√π«¥∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√ ª√– ∫°“√≥å∑”ß“π ¿Ÿ¡‘ ÿ¥ ¢Õßμ—«·ª√μà“ß Ê. ≈”‡π“‡¥‘¡ «ÿ≤‘°“√»÷°…“ Õ“¬ÿ ‡æ» ∑’Ëμ—Èß¢Õß ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√ ·≈–®”π«πæπ—°ß“ππ«¥„π√â“π. à«π§à“μÕ∫·∑π®“°°“√ º≈°“√»÷°…“ ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æπ«¥ ‡ªìπ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥‡°’Ë¬«°—∫√“¬‰¥â √«¡∂÷ß ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈®“°º≈°“√»÷°…“ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ı à«π: Ò. ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ «— ¥‘°“√μà“ß Ê ∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫∑ÿ°√Ÿª·∫∫, ‘Ëß¢ÕßÀ√◊Õ√“ß«—≈ ∑—Èß∑’Ë ∑—Ë«‰ª¢ÕßºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥ ·≈– ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√, Ú. ‡«≈“∑’Ë ‡ªìπμ—«‡ß‘π ∫√‘°“√∑’Ë®—∫μâÕß‰¥â, ·≈–º≈ª√–‚¬™πå∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈‰¥â ∑”ß“π ·≈–§à“μÕ∫·∑πºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥, Û. «— ¥‘°“√∑’ËºŸâ √—∫®“°°“√∑”ß“π (‰¡à„™àμ—«‡ß‘π). ”À√—∫§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ·≈– ∫√‘°“√π«¥‰¥â√—∫, Ù. √“¬‰¥â‡©≈’Ë¬μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ ·∫àßμ“¡≈—°…≥– ∑—»π§μ‘μàÕß“π∑’Ë∑”Õ¬Ÿà„πªí®®ÿ∫—π ‡ªìπ à«π¢Õß°“√· ¥ß ¢Õß ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√ ·≈–μ—«·ª√Õ◊Ëπ Ê, ·≈– ı. ∑—»π§μ‘ §«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπμàÕ§à“μÕ∫·∑π∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫ °“√‡ª≈’Ë¬π ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π ¢ÕßºŸâ∫√‘°“√π«¥ μàÕß“π∑’Ë∑”. °“√‡ª≈’Ë¬πÕ“™’æ ·≈–∑—»π§μ‘μàÕæƒμ‘°√√¡∑’Ë‡°’Ë¬«°—∫°“√ ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ ÛÛ §π ‡ªìπ™“¬ ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æπ«¥. ≈—°…≥–§”μÕ∫‡ªìπ·∫∫¡“μ√“«—¥ ı ÒÒ §π (√âÕ¬≈– Û.Û) À≠‘ß ÛÒ˘ §π (√âÕ¬≈– ˘ˆ.˜), Õ“¬ÿ √–¥—∫ ‚¥¬√–¥—∫ Ò À¡“¬∂÷ß ‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬πâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥, Ú À¡“¬∂÷ß Ò¯ - ˆÙ ªï (‡©≈’Ë¬ ÛÙ.Òı ªï); μÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ ÛÚˆ §π ‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬πâÕ¬, Û À¡“¬∂÷ß ‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬ª“π°≈“ß, Ù À¡“¬∂÷ß π—∫∂◊Õ»“ π“æÿ∑∏ ÛÒ §π (√âÕ¬≈– ˘ı.Ò) »“ π“§√‘ μå ˜ ‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬¡“°, ·≈– ı À¡“¬∂÷ß ‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥. ·∫∫ Õ∫ §π (√âÕ¬≈– Ú.Ò) ·≈–»“ π“Õ‘ ≈“¡ ˘ §π (√âÕ¬≈– Ú.¯), ∂“¡π’È‰¥âºà“π°“√μ√«® Õ∫§«“¡∂Ÿ°μâÕß¢Õß‡π◊ÈÕÀ“®“°ºŸâ μÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ ÛÒ˜ §π ‚ ¥ ÚÛˆ §π (√âÕ¬≈– Û˘.˜) ‡™’Ë¬«™“≠®”π«π ı ∑à“π. À≈—ß®“°π—Èπ∑”°“√∑¥ Õ∫‡∫◊ÈÕßμâπ ¡√ ˜ §π (√âÕ¬≈– ÚÚ.Ò) ·≈–¡à“¬ ÒÚÒ §π (√âÕ¬≈– „π°≈ÿà¡μ—«Õ¬à“ß¢π“¥‡≈Á° ‡æ◊ËÕ∑¥ Õ∫§«“¡‡¢â“„®¢ÕßºŸâμÕ∫ Û¯.Ú), μÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ ÛÒ §π ¡’«≤‘ª√–∂¡»÷°…“ÿ ÒÙÛ ·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ ·≈â«®÷ßª√—∫ª√ÿß·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡Õ’°§√—Èß. §π (√âÕ¬≈– Ùˆ.Ò) ¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“/ª«™ ÒÚˆ §π (√âÕ¬≈– Ù.ˆ) ”À√—∫«‘∏’‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢Õß°“√»÷°…“π’È¡’ª√–™“°√‡ªÑ“À¡“¬ Õπÿª√‘≠≠“/ª« Ò¯ §π (√âÕ¬≈– ı.¯) ª√‘≠≠“μ√’ ˆ §π §◊Õ ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥∑’Ë∑”ß“π„π ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√π«¥‡æ◊ËÕ (√âÕ¬≈– Ò.˘) ‰¡à‰¥â‡√’¬πÀπ—ß ◊Õ Ò˜ √“¬ (√âÕ¬≈– ı.ı), ÿ¢¿“æ¿“§‡Õ°™π„π®—ßÀ«—¥ ß¢≈“ ´÷Ëßºà“π°“√Õ∫√¡·≈– μÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ ÛÚı §π ¡’¿Ÿ¡‘≈”‡π“„π®—ßÀ«—¥ ß¢≈“ Û˘ „Àâ°“√√—∫√Õß¡“μ√∞“π®“° ”π—°ß“π “∏“√≥ ¢®—ßÀ«—¥ ß¢≈“ÿ §π (√âÕ¬≈– ÒÚ.) ¿“§„μâ¬°‡«âπ ß¢≈“ Ú˘ §π (√âÕ¬≈– ¯.˘) ®”π«π Ò,ı˘Ú §π. °“√‡≈◊Õ°°≈ÿà¡μ—«Õ¬à“ß„™â«‘∏’ ÿà¡μ—«Õ¬à“ß¿“§‡Àπ◊Õ ÒÚ˘ §π (√âÕ¬≈– Û˘.˜) ¿“§μ–«—πÕÕ°‡©’¬ß‡Àπ◊Õ ·∫∫‰¡àÕ“»—¬§«“¡πà“®–‡ªìπ ‚¥¬«‘∏’°“√‡≈◊Õ°μ—«Õ¬à“ßμ“¡ ˘ı §π (√âÕ¬≈– Ú˘.Ú) ·≈–¿“§°≈“ß ÛÛ §π (√âÕ¬≈– Ò. §«“¡ –¥«°À√◊Õ ¡—§√„® ®”π«π ÛÛ §π ¥â«¬ Ÿμ√§”π«≥ Ú). ¢π“¥°≈ÿà¡μ—«Õ¬à“ß¢Õß Yamane. À≈—ß®“°‰¥â√—∫Õπÿ≠“μ®“° ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—Ë«‰ª‡°’Ë¬«°—∫∫√‘°“√π«¥ (μ“√“ß∑’Ë Ò) : ∫√‘°“√ ‡®â“¢Õß°‘®°“√π«¥‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ¢¿“æ ®–¥”‡π‘π°“√‚¥¬ºŸâ‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ π«¥ à«π„À≠à (√âÕ¬≈– ¯Ù.Ú) ‡ªìπ°“√π«¥μ—«‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ¢¿“æ ·π–π”μ—«μàÕºŸâμÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ æ√âÕ¡∫Õ°«—μ∂ÿª√– ß§å πÕ°π—Èπ‡ªìπ°“√π«¥ΩÉ“‡∑â“ √âÕ¬≈– Ù.ı ·≈–π«¥μ—«·≈– ¢Õß°“√»÷°…“ ·≈â«ºŸâ‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢ÕÕπÿ≠“μºŸâμÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ ΩÉ“‡∑â“√âÕ¬≈– ÒÒ.Ú. ºŸâπ«¥ à«π„À≠à (√âÕ¬≈– ıı.Ú) ¡’ „π°“√¢Õ‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ‚¥¬·®âß«à“¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë‰¥â®–π”‰ª„™â„π°“√ ª√– ∫°“√≥åß“ππ«¥Õ¬Ÿà„π™à«ß Ò-ı ªï ·≈–√âÕ¬≈– ÚÒ.ˆ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ÙÛ

μ“√“ß∑’Ë Ò ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—Ë«‰ª∑’Ë‡°’Ë¬«°—∫∫√‘°“√π«¥ ®”π«π ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—Ë«‰ª §à“√âÕ¬≈– §à“∑“ß ∂‘μ‘ (§π) ≈—°…≥–ß“π ( n = ÛÛ ) π«¥μ—« ‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ¢¿“æ Ú˜¯ ¯Ù.Ú π«¥ΩÉ“‡∑â“ ‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ¢¿“æ Òı Ù.ı π«¥μ—« + π«¥ΩÉ“‡∑â“ Û˜ ÒÒ.Ú ª√– ∫°“√≥å∑”ß“π ( n = ÛÚˆ ) πâÕ¬°«à“ Ò ªï ıˆ Ò˜.Ú Ò - ı ªï Ò¯ ıı.Ú ˆ - Ò ªï ı¯ Ò˜.¯ ÒÒ - Òı ªï Úı ˜.˜ Òˆ ªï ¢÷Èπ‰ª ˜ Ú.Ò ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æπ«¥ ∑’ËÕ◊Ëπ¡“°àÕπ ( n = Ûı ) „™à ˆˆ ÚÒ.ˆ ‰¡à„™à ÚÛ˘ ˜¯.Ù Õ“™’æ°àÕπÕ“™’æπ«¥ ( n = ÛÚÚ ) ‡°…μ√°√√¡ ˆı Ú.Ú √—∫®â“ß ÚÚÙ ˆ˘.ˆ Õ◊ËπÊ ‰¥â·°à ‡√’¬πÀπ—ß ◊Õ ·¡à∫â“π §â“¢“¬ ‡ªìπμâπ ÛÛ Ò.Ú Õ“™’æ‡ √‘¡ ( n = ÛÒ¯ ) ¡’ Ú˜ ¯.ı ‰¡à¡’ Ú˘Ò ˘Ò.ı §à“„™â®à“¬‡©≈’Ë¬μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ Ú˘Ù - §à“‡©≈’Ë¬ = ı,ÒÚ.Ù §à“‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π¡“μ√∞“π= Ú,ÚÒ˜.ÙÙ §à“ Ÿß ÿ¥= ÒÙ, §à“μË” ÿ¥ = Ò,Ú ∑’Ëμ—Èß ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√ Õ”‡¿Õ∑’Ëμ—Èß ( n = ÛÚˆ ) À“¥„À≠à Ú¯Û ¯ˆ.¯ ‡¡◊Õß ß¢≈“ ¯ Ú.ı –‡¥“ Ûı Ò.˜ Õ¬Ÿà„π‚√ß·√¡ ( n = ÛÛ ) „™à Ú ˆ.ˆ ‰¡à„™à ÒÛ Û˘.Ù ®”π«πæπ—°ß“ππ«¥ ( n = ÛÚ˜ ) μË”°«à“ Ò §π ÙÛ ÒÛ.Òı §à“‡©≈’Ë¬= Ûı.˜ı Ò - Ú˘ §π ÒÒı Ûı.Ò˜ §à“‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π¡“μ√∞“π= Ú˜.˜Û Û - Ù˘ §π ˜Ù ÚÚ.ˆÛ §à“ Ÿß ÿ¥ = ˘ı ı §π ¢÷Èπ‰ª ˘ı Ú˘.ı §à“μË” ÿ¥ = Ú

‡§¬∑”ß“πÕ“™’æπ«¥∑’Ë®—ßÀ«—¥Õ◊Ëπ¡“°àÕπ. Õ“™’æ∑’Ë‡§¬∑”¡“ ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√ æ∫«à“√âÕ¬≈– ˆ.ˆ μ—ÈßÕ¬Ÿà„π‚√ß·√¡ °àÕπÕ“™’æπ«¥ à«π„À≠à (√âÕ¬≈– ˆ˘.ˆ) §◊ÕÕ“™’æ√—∫®â“ß. ºŸâ„Àâ ·≈–Õ¬Ÿà„πÕ”‡¿ÕÀ“¥„À≠à¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ (√âÕ¬≈– ¯ˆ.¯). ∂“π ∫√‘°“√π«¥‡æ’¬ß√âÕ¬≈– ¯.ı ‡∑à“π—Èπ∑’Ë¡’Õ“™’æ‡ √‘¡πÕ°‡Àπ◊Õ ª√–°Õ∫°“√√âÕ¬≈– Ûı.Ò˜ ¡’®”π«πæπ—°ß“πÕ¬ Ÿà Ò-Ú˘ §π ‰ª®“°Õ“™’æπ«¥‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ¢¿“æ. §à“„™â®à“¬‡©≈’Ë¬μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ¢ÕßºŸâ ‚¥¬¡’§à“‡©≈’Ë¬¢Õß®”π«πºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥μàÕ ∂“πª√–°Õ∫ „Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥ §◊Õ ı,ÒÚ.Ù ∫“∑. ”À√—∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õß °“√√âÕ¬≈– Ûı.˜ı. ÙÙ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

μ“√“ß∑’Ë Ú ‡«≈“∑’Ë∑”ß“π ·≈–§à“μÕ∫·∑π∑’ËºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥‰¥â√—∫ √“¬°“√ ‡°≥±å §à“‡©≈’Ë¬§à“‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π¡“μ√∞“π ‡«≈“∑’Ë∑”ß“π ®”π«π™—Ë«‚¡ßμàÕ‡¥◊Õπ (n = Û˜) Òˆ¯ - Û¯Ù ÛÛÒ.ıˆ Û˘.ÛÛ ®”π«π«—πÀ¬ÿ¥μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ (n = Ú˜Û) Ò - ¯ Û.˜Ú Ò.Úı √“¬‰¥âμàÕ‡¥◊Õπ (n = ÛÚÙ) Û, - Òı, ˆ,ıÒˆ.˘¯ Ò,¯ÙÚ.Ûˆ à«π·∫àß§à“∫√‘°“√μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ Û, - ÒÚ, ı,Ù¯Ú.˜Ú Ò,ÚÚÛ.ÛÒ √“¬‰¥âÕ◊ËπÊμàÕ‡¥◊Õπ ‡™àπ §à“μÕ∫·∑π  - ˆ, Ò,Ú˘.ıÙ Ò,ÒˆÒ.Ú æ‘‡»…®“°ºŸâ√—∫∫√‘°“√ √“¬‰¥âμàÕ™—Ë«‚¡ß (n = ÛÚ) Ò. - Ùˆ.¯¯ Ú.Ù ˆ.ÚÚ

μ“√“ß∑’Ë Û «— ¥‘°“√∑’ËºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥‰¥â√—∫ √«¡‡©≈’Ë¬μË” ÿ¥‡æ’¬ß ˆ,Ù˜.ˆÚ ∫“∑μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ ·≈–À“° ®”π«πæπ—°ß“π∫√‘°“√ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫√“¬‰¥â¢ÕßºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√∑’Ë∑”ß“π„π ∂“πª√–°Õ∫ «— ¥‘°“√ §π √âÕ¬≈– °“√∑’Ë¡’∑’Ëμ—Èß·μ°μà“ß°—π æ∫«à“ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√∑’Ë∑”ß“π„π ∂“π Õ“À“√ (n = ÛÒÙ) Ò˜Ò ıÙ.Ù ª√–°Õ∫°“√∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ”‡¿Õ∑’Ë¡’§à“‡©≈’Ë¬¢Õß√“¬‰¥âμàÕ‡¥◊Õπ√«¡ ∑’Ëæ—° (n = ÛÒı) Ò˜ ÛÙ. ®“° Ÿß ÿ¥‰ªμË” ÿ¥ ‰¥â·°à Õ”‡¿ÕÀ“¥„À≠à Õ”‡¿Õ –‡¥“ ·≈– §à“πÈ”·≈–§à“‰øøÑ“ (n = ÛÒı) ÚÒ ˆ.˜ Õ”‡¿Õ‡¡◊Õß ß¢≈“ μ“¡≈”¥—∫ ‚¥¬ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥∑’Ë∑”ß“π∑—Èß ª√–°—π —ß§¡ (n = ÛÚı) ÒÒÒ ÛÙ.Ú „π ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√∑’Ëμ—ÈßÕ¬Ÿà„π·≈–πÕ°‚√ß·√¡ ¡’√“¬‰¥â√«¡ °“√ª√–°—π™—Ë«‚¡ß¢—ÈπμË” (n = ÛÛ) Ú ˆ.Ò °“√≈“ªÉ«¬ ˆÙ ÚÚ.¯ ‡©≈’Ë¬„°≈â‡§’¬ß°—π. πÕ°®“°π’È¬—ßæ∫«à“ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥∑’Ë¡’ ‚¥¬‰¡à„™â„∫√—∫√Õß·æ∑¬å (n = Ú¯Ò) ª√– ∫°“√≥å¡“°°«à“ Òˆ ªï¢÷Èπ‰ª ¡’√“¬‰¥â√«¡‡©≈’Ë¬ Ÿß ÿ¥∂÷ß °“√≈“°‘® ˜,˜¯ı.˜Ò ∫“∑ ·μà°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë¡’ª√– ∫°“√≥åπâÕ¬°«à“®–¡’√“¬ ‚¥¬‰¡à®”°—¥«—π≈“ ( n = Û¯ ) ıÙ Ò˜.ı ‰¥â√«¡‡©≈’Ë¬„°≈â‡§’¬ß°—π. °√≥’‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫√–À«à“ß≈—°…≥– °“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√ æ∫«à“ ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥∑’Ë∑”ß“π∑—Èßπ«¥μ—«·≈– π«¥ΩÉ“‡∑â“ ¡’√“¬‰¥â√«¡‡©≈’Ë¬ Ÿß ÿ¥∂÷ß ˜,ÙÙı.˘ı ∫“∑ ‡«≈“∑’Ë∑”ß“π ·≈–§à“μÕ∫·∑πºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√ · ¥ßÕ¬Ÿà„π à«π°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë„Àâ∫√‘°“√‡©æ“–π«¥μ—«À√◊Õπ«¥ΩÉ“‡∑â“‡æ’¬ßÕ¬à“ß μ“√“ß∑’Ë Ú. ‡¥’¬«®–¡’√“¬‰¥â√«¡‡©≈’Ë¬πâÕ¬°«à“. ”À√—∫°√≥’‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ «— ¥‘°“√∑’ËºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√‰¥â√—∫ · ¥ßÕ¬Ÿà„πμ“√“ß∑’Ë Û. √–À«à“ßºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥∑’Ë§‘¥®–¬â“¬∑’Ë∑”ß“π¿“¬„π Ò ªï æ∫ √“¬‰¥âμàÕ‡¥◊Õπ (μ“√“ß∑’Ë Ù) ·∫àßμ“¡≈—°…≥–¢Õß ∂“π «à“§à“‡©≈’Ë¬¢Õß√“¬‰¥â√«¡μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ®“° Ÿß ÿ¥‰ªμË” ÿ¥ ‰¥â·°à ª√–°Õ∫°“√ ·≈–μ—«·ª√Õ◊Ëπ Ê ∑”„Àâ “¡“√∂‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ °≈ÿà¡‰¡à¬â“¬ °≈ÿà¡‰¡à·πà„® ·≈–°≈ÿà¡®–¬â“¬ μ“¡≈”¥—∫. §à“‡©≈’Ë¬¢Õß√“¬‰¥â√«¡μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ μ“¡≈—°…≥–¢Õß ∂“π ∑—»π§μ‘¢ÕßºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥μàÕß“π∑’Ë∑”Õ¬Ÿà„πªí®®ÿ∫—π ª√–°Õ∫°“√·≈–μ—«·ª√μà“ß Ê ‰¥â¥—ßπ’È °√≥’‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ (μ“√“ß∑’Ë ı) æ∫«à“ ª√–‡¥Áπ∑’ËºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ √–À«à“ß®”π«πæπ—°ß“ππ«¥„π ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√ æ∫«à“ ºŸâ„Àâ (¡“°°«à“ Ù.ı) ‰¥â·°à ®–∑”ß“π¥â«¬§«“¡´◊ËÕ —μ¬å ÿ®√‘μ ·≈– ∫√‘°“√π«¥∑’Ë∑”ß“π„π ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√∑’Ë¡’ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥ ‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬„π√–¥—∫‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬¡“° (¡“°°«à“ Û.ı ·μàπâÕ¬°«à“ Ù.ı) ¡“°°«à“ ı §π¢÷Èπ‰ª ®–¡’√“¬‰¥â√«¡‡©≈’Ë¬ ß Ÿ ¥∂÷ßÿ ˆ,¯˘˜.˘ˆ ‰¥â·°à ®–‰¡à∑”º‘¥®√√¬“∫√√≥‰¡à«à“°√≥’„¥ ·¡â≈Ÿ°§â“®–‡ πÕ ∫“∑ μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ „π¢≥–∑’ËºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥∑’Ë∑”ß“π„π ∂“π ‡ß‘πæ‘‡»…„Àâ ¬—ßæÕ„®μàÕÕ“™’æπ«¥ (‰¡à§‘¥‡ª≈’Ë¬πß“π) ·≈– ª√–°Õ∫°“√∑’Ë¡’æπ—°ß“ππ«¥πâÕ¬°«à“ Ò §π ®–¡’√“¬‰¥â æÕ„®∑’Ë∑”ß“π‡¥‘¡ (‰¡à§‘¥¬â“¬∑’Ë∑”ß“π). ”À√—∫ª√–‡¥Áπ∑’ËºŸâ„Àâ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 Ùı

μ“√“ß∑’Ë Ù √“¬‰¥â√«¡μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ ·∫àßμ“¡≈—°…≥–¢Õß ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√ ·≈–μ—«·ª√Õ◊ËπÊ √“¬‰¥âμàÕ‡¥◊Õπ ( ∫“∑ ) μ—«·ª√ √“¬‰¥â §à“‡©≈’Ë¬§à“‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π¡“μ√∞“π ®”π«πæπ—°ß“π∫√‘°“√„π ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√ πâÕ¬°«à“ Ò §π (n = ÙÚ) Û, - ÒÚ, ˆ,Ù˜.ˆÚ Ú,Ò¯ı.˘ Ò - Ú˘ §π (n = ÒÒÛ) Û,ˆ - ÒÚ, ˆ,Ù˘Ú.˘Ú Ò,˜Ò.ÒÙ Û - Ù˘ §π (n = ˜Ò) Ù, - ÒÙ, ˆ,Û˜.Ù Ò,ˆˆÒ.Ú˜ ı §π ¢÷Èπ‰ª (n = ˘¯) Ù, - Òı, ˆ,¯˘˜.˘ˆ Ò,˘Ò˜.Ù ∑’Ëμ—Èß ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√ Õ”‡¿Õ (n = ÛÚ) À“¥„À≠à (n = Ú˜¯) Û, - Òı, ˆ,ˆÒˆ.˘Ò Ò,¯˘Û.Û ‡¡◊Õß ß¢≈“ (n = ¯) ı, - ˆ, ı,ıˆÚ.ı ÛÚ.ÙÛ –‡¥“ (n = ÛÙ) Û, - Ò, ˆ,˜Û.ıÛ Ò,ÙÛ.¯˘ ∂“π∑’Ëμ—Èß (n = ÛÚÙ) Õ¬Ÿà„π‚√ß·√¡ (n = Ò˘ˆ) Û,ı - Òı, ˆ,Ù¯˜.ÚÙ Ò,˜˘Ù.Ùˆ ‰¡àÕ¬Ÿà„π‚√ß·√¡ (n = ÒÚ¯) Û, - ÒÚ, ˆ,ıˆÚ.ı Ò,˘Ò˘.ˆı ª√– ∫°“√≥å∑”ß“π πâÕ¬°«à“ Ò ªï (n = ıÙ) Û,ı - ÒÚ, ˆ,ÛıÒ.¯ı Ò,˜¯˜.Ûı Ò - ı ªï (n = Ò˜˜) Û, - ÒÚ, ˆ,Ù¯.˜˘ Ò,ıÙÒ.Ò˜ ˆ - Ò ªï (n = ı˜) Û,ı - ÒÙ, ˆ,ˆÙı.ˆÒ Ò,˘¯Ù.ÚÛ ÒÒ - Òı ªï (n = Úı) Û, - Òı, ˆ,ÙÙÙ. Ú,˜Û˘.ÚÛ Òˆ ªï ¢÷Èπ‰ª (n = ˜) Û, - ÒÚ, ˜,˜¯ı.˜Ò Û,ˆÚˆ.˘ı ≈—°…≥–∫√‘°“√ π«¥μ—« (n = Ú˜Ú) Û, - Òı, ˆ,ÙÚ.ı˜ Ò,¯ÚÚ.˜Ù π«¥ΩÉ“‡∑â“ (n = Òı) ı, - Ò, ˆ,Û. Ò,ÛÚ.Ò˜ π«¥μ—« + π«¥ΩÉ“‡∑â“ (n = Û˜) Ù, - ÒÚ, ˜,ÙÙı.˘ı Ò,˘Û˘.Û æπ—°ß“π∑’Ë§‘¥®–¬â“¬ ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π ¿“¬„π Ò ªï ¬â“¬ (n = ÒÒ) Û,ı - Ò, ı,ÛˆÛ.ˆÙ Ú,˜Ù.˜Ù ‰¡à·πà„® (n = Òı) Û,ı - ÒÙ, ˆ,ÙÒ. Ò,ˆ˜˜.Ù ‰¡à¬â“¬ (n = ÒˆÚ) Û, - Òı, ˆ,˜Û.˜ Ò,˘Ùˆ.ÙÚ

∫√‘°“√π«¥‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬ „π√–¥—∫‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬πâÕ¬ (πâÕ¬°«à“ Ú.ı) ‡æ’¬ß√âÕ¬≈– ÒÚ ·≈–√âÕ¬≈– ÚÒ‡∑à“π—Èπ∑’Ë¡’¿Ÿ¡‘≈”‡π“Õ¬Ÿà„π ‰¥â·°à ‚Õ°“ ®–¬â“¬ ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π‰ªμà“ßª√–‡∑» ‚Õ°“ ®– ®—ßÀ«—¥ ß¢≈“·≈–¿“§„μâμ“¡≈”¥—∫. ®“°°“√∑’ËºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√¡’ ¬â“¬ ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π‰ªμà“ß®—ßÀ«—¥. ”À√—∫ª√–‡¥ÁπÕ◊Ëπ Ê ∑’Ë ¿Ÿ¡‘≈”‡π“„π¿“§Õ◊Ëπ Ê ®÷ßÕ“®∑”„Àâ¡’‚Õ°“ Ÿß„π°“√¬â“¬ ‡À≈◊ÕºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬„π√–¥—∫‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬ª“π°≈“ß. ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π‰ªμà“ß®—ßÀ«—¥„πÕπ“§μ. πÕ°®“°π’È¬—ßæ∫«à“ °«à“√âÕ¬≈– ˘ ¡’°“√»÷°…“„π√–¥—∫¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“À√◊Õª√–°“»- «‘®“√≥å π’¬∫—μ√«‘™“™’æÀ√◊ÕμË”°«à“. º≈°“√»÷°…“∑’Ëπà“ —ß‡°μÕ’° °“√»÷°…“§√—Èßπ’Èæ∫«à“ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥¡’Õ“¬ÿ‡©≈’Ë¬ ÛÙ ªï ª√–‡¥ÁπÀπ÷Ëß§◊Õæ∫«à“¡’ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥∫“ß§π®∫°“√»÷°…“ √âÕ¬≈– Ú ‡∑à“π—Èπ∑’Ë¡’ ∂“π¿“æ ¡√ ·≈–‡°◊Õ∫√âÕ¬≈– ˜ √–¥—∫ª√‘≠≠“μ√’ „π·ßà¡ÿ¡¢Õß°“√æ—≤π“∏ÿ√°‘®π«¥‡æ◊ËÕ ¡’¿Ÿ¡‘≈”‡π“Õ¬Ÿà∑’Ë¿“§‡Àπ◊Õ·≈–¿“§μ–«—πÕÕ°‡©’¬ß‡Àπ◊Õ, ¡’ ÿ¢¿“æ´÷ËßÀ“°ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥∑’ËμÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡°≈ÿà¡π’È Ùˆ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

μ“√“ß∑’Ë ı ∑—»π§μ‘¢ÕßºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√ μàÕß“πªí®®ÿ∫—π ®”π«πμ—«Õ¬à“ß √–¥—∫§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ ª√–‡¥Áπ§à“‡©≈’Ë¬ Õ∫∂“¡ §à“‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π¡“μ√∞“π √“¬‰¥â ‡À¡“– ¡ ÛÚÙ Ú.˘˘ .˜Ú ®”π«π‡«≈“∑’Ë∑”ß“π ‡À¡“– ¡ ÛÚÒ Û.ÛÒ .˘ı «—πÀ¬ÿ¥ß“π ‡À¡“– ¡ ÛÚˆ Û.Ûˆ Ò.Ò ‘∑∏‘°“√≈“ªÉ«¬ ‡À¡“– ¡ ÛÚÛ Û.Û¯ Ò.˜ ‘∑∏‘°“√≈“°‘® ‡À¡“– ¡ ÛÒ¯ Û.Û˘ Ò.ı ∑’Ëæ—° ‡À¡“– ¡ Ú˘˜ Ú.ˆ˘ Ò.Ûˆ Õ“À“√ ‡À¡“– ¡ ÛÒÙ Ú.˘Ò Ò.ÚÛ °“√ª√–°—π —ß§¡ ‡À¡“– ¡ Ú˘¯ Ú.˘˘ Ò.Ù˘ «— ¥‘°“√Õ◊ËπÊ ‚¥¬√«¡ ‡À¡“– ¡ Ûˆ Ú.˜˜ Ò.ÒÚ √“¬‰¥â‡∑’¬∫°—∫§à“§√Õß™’æ Õ¬Ÿà‰¥â·∫∫ ∫“¬ ÛÚÒ Ú.ˆ˘ .˘ˆ ®–∑”ß“π ¥â«¬§«“¡´◊ËÕ —μ¬å ÿ®√‘μ ÛÚÚ Ù.ˆˆ .ˆ ®–‰¡à∑”º‘¥®√√¬“∫√√≥‰¡à«à“°√≥’„¥ ·¡â≈Ÿ°§â“®–‡ πÕ‡ß‘πæ‘‡»…„Àâ ÛÚÙ Ù.Û˜ Ò.ı æÕ„®∑’Ë∑”ß“π‡¥‘¡ (‰¡à§‘¥¬â“¬∑’Ë∑”ß“π) ÛÚÙ Û.ı˘ Ò.˘ ‚Õ°“ ®–¬â“¬ ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π (¿“¬„π ®. ß¢≈“ ) ÛÒÙ Ú.ıı Ò.ÚÙ ‚Õ°“ ®–¬â“¬ ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π ‰ªμà“ß®—ßÀ«—¥ ÛÒı Ú.ÒÒ Ò.ˆ ‚Õ°“ ®–¬â“¬ ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π‰ªμà“ßª√–‡∑» ÛÒ¯ Ú.Ò Ò.ÚÚ ¬—ßæÕ„®μàÕÕ“™’æπ«¥ (‰¡à§‘¥‡ª≈’Ë¬πß“π) ÛÚˆ Ù.Ú Ò.˜

®”π«π‡æ‘Ë¡¡“°¢÷Èπ °ÁÕ“® àßº≈„Àâ°“√π«¥‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ¢¿“æ„π π’Èæ∫«à“ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥∫“ß à«π´÷Ëß¡’‰¡à∂÷ß√âÕ¬≈– Ò ¡’Õ“™’æ ®—ßÀ«—¥ ß¢≈“æ—≤π“‰¥âßà“¬¢÷Èπ∑—Èß∑“ß‡√◊ËÕß∫√‘°“√·≈–¿“…“∑’Ë ‡ √‘¡πÕ°‡Àπ◊Õ‰ª®“°Õ“™’æπ«¥‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ¢¿“æ ´÷ËßÕ“®‡ªìπ‡æ√“– μ‘¥μàÕ ◊ËÕ “√°—∫ºŸâ„™â∫√‘°“√™“«μà“ß™“μ‘ °“√∫√‘°“√π«¥ à«π ¡’√“¬‰¥â®“°°“√π«¥‰¡à‡æ’¬ßæÕ°—∫§à“„™â®à“¬μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ∑’Ë¡’§à“ „À≠à„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥μ—«‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ¢¿“æ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ §‘¥‡ªìπ¡“°°«à“ ‡©≈’Ë¬∑’Ë ı,ÒÚ.Ù ∫“∑ √âÕ¬≈– ¯ ∑—Èßπ’È‡æ√“–°“√π«¥ΩÉ“‡∑â“®”‡ªìπμâÕß„™â§«“¡™”π“≠ ”À√—∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õß ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√∑’Ë∑”ß“π æ∫ æ‘‡»…„π°“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√ ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥∑’ËμÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ «à“ à«π„À≠àμ—ÈßÕ¬Ÿà„π‚√ß·√¡ §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– ˆ.ˆ ·≈–Õ¬Ÿà„π à«π„À≠à¡’ª√– ∫°“√≥åÕ¬Ÿà„π™à«ß Ò-ı ªï ´÷Ëß –∑âÕπ„Àâ‡ÀÁπ Õ”‡¿ÕÀ“¥„À≠à¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– ¯ˆ.¯ ‚¥¬¡’√âÕ¬≈– ∂÷ßÕ—μ√“°“√À¡ÿπ‡«’¬π‡¢â“ÕÕ°®“°Õ“™’æπ’È§àÕπ¢â“ß Ÿß À√◊ÕºŸâ Ûı.Ò˜ ¢Õß ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¡’®”π«πæπ—°ß“ππ«¥ „Àâ∫√‘°“√‚¥¬ à«π„À≠àÕ¬Ÿà„πÕ“™’æπ’È‰¡àπ“ππ—° ∑—Èßπ’ÈÕ“®¡’ Õ¬Ÿà„π™à«ß Ò-Ú˘ §π ·≈–¡’§à“‡©≈’Ë¬¢Õß®”π«πºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√ “‡Àμÿ‰¥âÀ≈“¬Õ¬à“ß ‡™àπ °“√∑”Õ“™’æπ’È®–μâÕß„™â°”≈—ß¡“° π«¥μàÕ ∂“πª√–°Õ∫°“√ª√–¡“≥ Ûˆ §π ·μà¡’√“¬‰¥â‰¡à§ÿâ¡ ∑”„ÀâºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√‡Àπ◊ËÕ¬Àπà“¬·≈–ÕÕ°‰ª∑” ®“°º≈°“√»÷°…“‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‡«≈“∑’Ë∑”ß“π ·≈–§à“μÕ∫·∑π Õ“™’æÕ◊Ëπ à«π„À≠à·≈â«ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥∑’ËμÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ ∑’ËºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥∑’ËμÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡‰¥â√—∫ æ∫«à“ °≈ÿà¡ ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æπ’È‡ªìπ§√—Èß·√°∑’Ë®—ßÀ«—¥ ß¢≈“ ∂÷ß·¡â«à“ à«π μ—«Õ¬à“ß„™â‡«≈“∑”ß“π‡©≈’Ë¬‡∑à“°—∫ ÛÛÒ.ıˆ ™—Ë«‚¡ßμàÕ‡¥◊Õπ „À≠à¡’¿Ÿ¡‘≈”‡π“‡¥‘¡„π®—ßÀ«—¥Õ◊Ëπ Ê „π®”π«πºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√ ·≈–¡’«—πÀ¬ÿ¥‡©≈’Ë¬ ‡∑à“°—∫ Û.˜Ú «—πμàÕ‡¥◊Õπ °≈à“«§◊ÕºŸâ„Àâ π«¥∑’ËμÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡∑—ÈßÀ¡¥æ∫«à“‡°◊Õ∫√âÕ¬≈– ˘ π—Èπ ∫√‘°“√π«¥∑’ËμÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡∑”ß“π«—π≈–ª√–¡“≥ ÒÚ ·μà‡¥‘¡ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ‡°…μ√°√√¡À√◊Õ√—∫®â“ß¡“°àÕπ πÕ°®“° ™—Ë«‚¡ß ·≈–¡’«—πÀ¬ÿ¥‚¥¬‡©≈’Ë¬ —ª¥“Àå≈– Ò «—π ´÷Ëßπ—∫«à“¡’ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 Ù˜

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∑”„ÀâμâÕß Ÿ≠‡ ’¬§à“„™â®à“¬¡“°. º». ¥√. √©—μ√ÿ ßâÕ √‡™…∞åÿ √Õß§≥∫¥’ΩÉ“¬«“ß·ºπ·≈–æ—≤π“ ®“°°“√»÷°…“æ∫«à“√“¬‰¥â‡©≈’Ë¬μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ¢ÕßºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√ §≥–‡¿ —™»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ß¢≈“π§√‘π∑√å ∑’Ë„Àâ§” π«¥ ¡“®“°√“¬‰¥âÀ≈—° Ú à«π §◊Õ ®“° à«π·∫àß®“°§à“ ª√÷°…“∑’Ë‡ªìπª√–‚¬™πåμàÕ°“√∑”ß“π«‘®—¬. ∫√‘°“√π«¥ ·≈–®“°§à“ ¡π“§ÿ≥æ‘‡»…®“°ºŸâ√—∫∫√‘°“√ ‚¥¬ ‰¡à‰¥â√—∫‡ß‘π‡¥◊Õπª√–®”®“°π“¬®â“ß‡≈¬ ¡’‡æ’¬ß‰¡à°’Ë√“¬∑’Ë‰¥â ‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß √—∫°“√ª√–°—π√“¬‰¥â®“°™—Ë«‚¡ß¢—ÈπμË” · ¥ß«à“À“°¡’ºŸâ¡“„™â Ò. ”π—°π‚¬∫“¬·≈–¬ÿ∑∏»“ μ√å °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢. ·ºπ¬ÿ∑∏- ∫√‘°“√πâÕ¬ °Á®–‰¡à¡’√“¬‰¥â ·≈–¬—ßæ∫«à“ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥¡’ »“ μ√å°“√æ—≤π“„Àâª√–‡∑»‰∑¬‡ªìπ»Ÿπ¬å°≈“ß ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß‡Õ‡™’¬ √“¬‰¥â‡©≈’Ë¬μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ¡“°°«à“√“¬®à“¬μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ‰¡à¡“°π—° ·μàºŸâ (æ.». ÚıÙ˜-ÚııÒ). ÚıÙ˜. Àπâ“ Ò-Ò˘. Ú. ª√–°“»°√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ‡√◊ËÕß °”Àπ¥ ∂“π∑’Ë‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ¢¿“æÀ√◊Õ „Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥∑’ËμÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡°Á‰¥â√—∫ «— ¥‘°“√„π√Ÿª·∫àß ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ √‘¡ «¬ ¡“μ√∞“π¢Õß ∂“π∑’Ë °“√∫√‘°“√ ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√ À≈—° Õ◊Ëπ Ê ¥â«¬ ‡™àπ Õ“À“√ ∑’Ëæ—° ·μàºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥ à«πÀπ÷Ëß°Á ‡°≥±å·≈–«‘∏’°“√μ√«® Õ∫‡æ◊ËÕ°“√√—∫√Õß„Àâ‡ªìπ‰ªμ“¡¡“μ√∞“π ¬—ß§‘¥«à“§à“μÕ∫·∑π‡À≈à“π’È‰¡à‡À¡“– ¡∑—Èß∑’Ë «— ¥‘°“√∫“ß ”À√—∫ ∂“π∑’Ë‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ¢¿“æÀ√◊Õ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ √‘¡ «¬ μ“¡æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘ ∂“π∫√‘°“√ æ.». Úı˘. Õ¬à“ß¡’°ÆÀ¡“¬∫—ß§—∫ ‡™àπ ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥ à«π„À≠à¬—ß‰¡à‰¥â Û. ™π‘π∑√å ≈’«“π—π∑å. °“√π«¥‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ¢¿“æ. „π : °√¡ π—∫ πÿπ∫√‘°“√ √—∫ «— ¥‘°“√ª√–°—π —ß§¡ ¥—ßπ—ÈπÀπà«¬ß“π∑’Ë‡°’Ë¬«¢âÕß§«√ ÿ¢¿“æ °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢. ‡Õ° “√§«“¡√ŸâºŸâ¥”‡π‘π°“√ ª“‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ¢¿“æ √ÿàπ∑’Ë Ù. ÚıÙ˘. Àπâ“ ¯Û-˘ˆ. ‡¢â“‰ª¥Ÿ·≈. Ù. °≈ÿà¡ß“π°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π‰∑¬ °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√ ªí≠À“Àπ÷Ëß∑’Ëæ÷ß —ß«√‰«â ”À√—∫μ≈“¥·√ßß“π¢ÕßºŸâ„Àâ ·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢. °“√π«¥æ◊Èπ∫â“π‰∑¬. æ‘¡æå §√—Èß∑’Ë Ò. °√ÿß‡∑æœ : ‚√ßæ‘¡æåÕß§å°“√√—∫ àß ‘π§â“·≈–æ— ¥ÿ¿—≥±å ∫√‘°“√π«¥ §◊Õ ∂÷ß·¡â«à“¡’ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥®”π«π‰¡à¡“°π—°∑’Ë (√. .æ.); ÚıÙ¯. μÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡«à“§‘¥∑’Ë®–¬â“¬ ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π„π™à«ß Ò ªï ı. «ÿ≤‘°‘® ∏π–¿Ÿ¡‘, ‡æÁ≠π¿“ ∑√—æ¬å‡®√‘≠, ‡ “«¿“ æ√ ‘√‘æß…å, ®—°√æß»å ‰æ∫Ÿ≈¬å. °“√«‘®—¬°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈– ¡ÿπ‰æ√. «“√ “√°“√ ¢â“ßÀπâ“ ·μà‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“ª√– ∫°“√≥å∑”ß“ππ’È·≈â« æ∫«à“ ·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ÚıÙˆ;˜:ı-Òˆ. à«π„À≠à¡’ª√– ∫°“√≥å‰¡à‡°‘π ı ªï ´÷Ëß –∑âÕπ„Àâ‡ÀÁπ«à“ ˆ. Smith MC, Stallings MA, Mariner S, Burrall M. Benefits of massage therapy for hospitalized patients: A descriptive and qualitative evaluation. ‚Õ°“ ∑’ËºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥Õ“®¬â“¬ ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“πÀ√◊Õ‡≈‘°Õ“™’æπ’È Alternative therapies in health and medicine 1999;5(4):64-71 §àÕπ¢â“ß Ÿß ºŸâ¡’Àπâ“∑’Ë‡°’Ë¬«¢âÕßÕ“®®–μâÕß‡μ√’¬¡·ºπ°“√Ωñ° ˜. ß“π ∂“πæ¬“∫“≈·≈–«—μ∂ÿ‡ æμ‘¥ °≈ÿà¡ß“π§ÿâ¡§√ÕßºŸâ∫√‘‚¿§ ”π—°ß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢®—ßÀ«—¥ ß¢≈“. ªí®®—¬∑’Ë¡’º≈μàÕ°“√„™â∫√‘°“√ Õ∫√¡ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√π«¥Õ¬à“ßμàÕ‡π◊ËÕß ‡æ◊ËÕ√Õß√—∫°“√¢“¥·§≈π àß‡ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ·∫∫Õß§å√«¡„π®—ßÀ«—¥ ß¢≈“; ÚıÙ˘, Àπâ“ Ò - Ò. ∑’ËÕ“®‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ‰¥â„πÕπ“§μ. ¯. ß“π ∂“πæ¬“∫“≈·≈–«—μ∂ÿ‡ æμ‘¥ °≈ÿà¡ß“π§ÿâ¡§√ÕßºŸâ∫√‘‚¿§ ”π—°ß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢®—ßÀ«—¥ ß¢≈“. °“√ ”√«®ªí≠À“°“√¥”‡π‘π °‘μμ‘°√√¡ª√–°“» ß“π·≈–§«“¡§“¥À«—ß¢ÕßºŸâ„™â∫√‘°“√„π ∂“π∫√‘°“√ àß‡ √‘¡ ÿ¢ ¿“æ·∫∫Õß§å√«¡„π®—ßÀ«—¥ ß¢≈“; ÚıÙ¯. Àπâ“ ıÒ-ıˆ. ¢Õ¢Õ∫§≥‡®â“¢Õß°‘®°“√π«¥‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ ¢¿“æÿ ·≈–ºŸâ„Àâ∫√‘°“√ ˘. ÿ¡“≈’ ªîμ¬“ππ∑å. (∫√√≥“∏‘°“√). ‡»√…∞»“ μ√å·√ßß“π. æ‘¡æå§√—Èß ∑’Ë Ú. °√ÿß‡∑æœ: ‚√ßæ‘¡æå®ÿÃ“≈ß°√≥å¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬; ÚıÛ˘. Àπâ“ Û˜ π«¥∑’Ë√à«¡¡◊Õ„π°“√‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈«‘®—¬‡ªìπÕ¬à“ß¥’. ¢Õ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥ -ıı. Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 Ù˘

Abstract Survey of the Compensation for Health Massage Service Providers in Songkhla Province Banjong Chaibu Consumer Protection Working Group, Songkhla Provincial Public Health Office, Songkhla Province 90000

The objective of this study was to determine the factors affecting health massage service providers in Songkhla. A survey was used to collect data. A questionnaire was designed to obtain three major types of data, namely, general information, masseuses/masseurs’ income, and their attitude toward their present job. The general information part included general information on the masseuses/masseurs and their places of work, while the compensation part obtained information about their income and any fringe-benefits they might have received. The third part included data on their attitudes toward the compensation, changing work place, changing career, and attitudes toward their career. Descriptive analyses were used in this study to examine the average, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum for each variable. The study results showed that the average monthly income of the masseuses/masseurs came from two major sources, payment and tips for massage services. Not many masseuses enjoyed a guaranteed minimum hourly rate of pay. The results also showed that the average monthly income the masseuses in Songkhla Province received barely covered their monthly expenses. They also received other fringe benefits, such as food and housing. Some of the masseuses believed that they still did not receive enough fringe benefits, even though some of the benefits were compulsory, such as social security benefits. In conclusion, this study can be used as a basis for designing ways to improve the massage business in the province, especially workforce planning. Key words: income, masseuse, masseur, salary, Songkhla Province «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬åå å∑“ß‡≈åå ◊Õ°◊◊ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°ªï∑’Ë ı ©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡-‡¡…“¬π Úıı Vol.ªï∑’Ë ı©∫5 No.—∫∑’Ë 1Ò ¡°√“§¡January-April - ‡¡…“¬π 2007Úıı π‘æπ∏åμâπ©∫—∫ ∂“π¿“æ·≈–∑‘»∑“ß°“√«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ

‡ “«≥’¬å °ÿ≈ ¡∫Ÿ√≥å* √ÿ®‘π“∂ Õ√√∂ ‘…∞*

∫∑§—¥¬àÕ ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æπ∫◊È “π¥â “π â ¢¿“æ‡ªÿ πæì π§«“¡√◊È §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√¥Ÿâ ·≈√Ÿ °…“ — ¢¿“æ·≈–§«“¡‡®ÿ ∫ªÁ «¬¢Õß°≈É ¡™πÿà ‡ªìπ »“ μ√å·≈–»‘≈ª«—≤π∏√√¡∑’Ëμ°º≈÷°®“°°“√ —ß‡°μ ∑¥≈Õß„™â §—¥‡≈◊Õ° °≈—Ëπ°√Õß·≈– —Ëß ¡ ◊∫∑Õ¥®“°§π√ÿàπ°àÕπ. ¿Ÿ¡‘ ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ‡ªìπ ‘Ëß –∑âÕπ √–∫∫§‘¥ §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ·≈–·π«∑“ß°“√¥Ÿ·≈™’«‘μ·≈– ÿ¢¿“æ·∫∫μ–«—πÕÕ° ‡ªìπ §«“¡√Ÿâ·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë‡√’¬∫ßà“¬ §π‰∑¬ “¡“√∂‡¢â“∂÷ß„™âª√–‚¬™πå·≈–∑”„Àâæ÷Ëßμπ‡Õß‰¥â. ß“π«‘®—¬π’È¡’«—μ∂ÿª√– ß§å Ú ª√–°“√ §◊Õ (Ò) ‡æ◊ËÕ«‘‡§√“–Àå·≈– —ß‡§√“–Àå¿“æ√«¡ ∂“π¿“æ°“√«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ æ.». ÚıÛı - ÚıÙ˜ ·≈– (Ú) ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ πÕ·π–∑‘»∑“ß¢Õß°“√«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ„πÕπ“§μ. √Ÿª·∫∫·≈–¢Õ∫‡¢μß“π «‘®—¬ §◊Õ °“√«‘®—¬‡™ß‡Õ° “√∑‘ ’Ë»÷°…“«‘‡§√“–Àå·≈– —ß‡§√“–Àåß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ æ.». ÚıÛı - ÚıÙ˜ ‚¥¬°”Àπ¥¢Õ∫‡¢μ‡ªìπ Û À¡«¥ §◊Õ À¡«¥ Ò ß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ·∫∫æ◊Èπ∫â“π, À¡«¥ Ú ß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ ªí≠≠“°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π·∫∫ª√– ∫°“√≥å, ·≈–À¡«¥ Û ß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π·∫∫»“ π∏√√¡·≈– æ‘∏’°√√¡. º≈°“√»°…“æ∫«÷ “à (Ò) ∂“π¿“æ¢Õß°“√«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æπ∫◊È “π¥â “π â ¢¿“æ®ÿ ”π«π Òıı ‡√Õß◊Ë ´ß‡ª÷Ë πß“π«ì ‘®—¬ ¢¿“æÿ ·∫∫æ◊Èπ∫â“π Û¯ ‡√◊ËÕß, ß“π«‘®—¬°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π·∫∫ª√– ∫°“√≥å ˜˘ ‡√◊ËÕß, ·≈–ß“π«‘®—¬°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π·∫∫ »“ π∏√√¡·≈–æ‘∏’°√√¡ Û¯ ‡√◊ËÕß. à«π„À≠à‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬‡™‘ß§ÿ≥¿“æ √Õß≈ß¡“‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬‡™‘ß ”√«® ß“π«‘®—¬·∫∫ ∑¥≈Õß·≈–ß“π«‘®—¬‡™‘ßªØ‘∫—μ‘°“√. à«π„À≠à‡ªìπß“π«‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏å·≈–∑’Ë‡À≈◊Õ‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬¢Õß ∂“∫—π°“√»÷°…“. »“ μ√å∑’Ë„™â à«π„À≠à‰¥â·°àÕß§å§«“¡√Ÿâ¥â“π —ß§¡»“ μ√å. „π™à«ß Ò ªï∑’Ëºà“π‰ª »“ μ√å∑’Ë„™â„πß“π«‘®—¬ §◊Õ ¡“πÿ…¬«‘∑¬“ °“√·æ∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å ™“μå ‘æ—π∏;ÿå (Ú) ß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æπ∫◊È “π¥â “π â ¢¿“æ¡ÿ ®”π«π‰¡’ ¡“°πà °,— ß“π«‘®—¬‰¡à¡’√–∫∫ ∑»∑“ß‘ ·≈–«“√–°“√«‘®—¬‰¡à™—¥‡®π, ‰¡à¡’√–∫∫ π—∫ πÿπ·≈–¬—ß‰¡à¡’°≈«‘∏“π°“√®—¥°“√§«“¡√Ÿâ∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫‰ª„™âª√–‚¬™πå¥â“π π‚¬∫“¬·≈–¥â“π°“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘°“√∑’ËμàÕ‡π◊ËÕß. ºŸâ«‘®—¬‰¥â‡ πÕ·π–«à“∑‘»∑“ß¢Õß°“√«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π„πÕπ“§μ§«√«“ß√Ÿª√–∫∫ π—∫ πÿπß“π«‘®—¬ „Àâ™—¥‡®π·≈–¡’°≈«‘∏“π°“√π”º≈«‘®—¬‰ª„™âª√–‚¬™πå·≈– ◊ËÕ “√ “∏“√≥–‰¥âÕ¬à“ßμàÕ‡π◊ËÕß. °“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬§«√‡√‘Ë¡μâπ®“° »“ μ√å¥â“π¡“πÿ…¬«‘∑¬“°“√·æ∑¬å·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå ®“°π—Èπ®÷ßÕ“»—¬»“ μ√åÕ◊Ëπ¡“«‘®—¬§Ÿà¢π“πÀ√◊Õ«‘®—¬μàÕ¬Õ¥‡æ◊ËÕ „Àâ‡°‘¥§«“¡√Ÿâ·≈–§«“¡‡¢â“„®μàÕ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ·∫∫À≈“°À≈“¬¡‘μ‘·≈–·∫∫∫Ÿ√≥“°“√ æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß«‘®—¬·≈– æ—≤π“‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß‰ª Ÿà¿“§π‚¬∫“¬·≈–°“√„™âª√–‚¬™πå„π°“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘°“√Õ¬à“ß ¡ ¡—¬. §” ”§—≠ : ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æπ∫◊È “π¥â “π â ¢¿“æ,ÿ °“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫“π·∫∫ª√– ∫°“√≥â ,å °“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫“π·∫∫»“ π∏√√¡·≈–â æ‘∏’°√√¡

*°√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°, °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢, ππ∑∫ÿ√’ ÒÒ

ı Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ıÒ

¿Ÿ¡‘À≈—ß·≈–‡Àμÿº≈ Õß§å§«“¡√Ÿâ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ¬—ß¢“¥°“√ ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“*æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ‡ªìπæ◊Èπ§«“¡√Ÿâ§«“¡ ª√–¡«≈ °“√«‘‡§√“–Àå·≈– —ß‡§√“–Àå‡æ◊ËÕ®—¥√–∫∫Õß§å§«“¡√Ÿâ “¡“√∂„π°“√¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“ ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–§«“¡‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬¢Õß°≈ÿà¡ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ß“π«‘®—¬¬—ß§ß°√–®—¥°√–®“¬·≈–¬—ß‰¡à‰¥â∂Ÿ°π”¡“„™â ™π„π —ß§¡ ‡ªìπ»“ μ√å·≈–»‘≈ª«—≤π∏√√¡∑’Ëμ°º≈÷°®“°°“√ ª√–‚¬™πåÕ¬à“ß‡μÁ¡∑’Ë. ¥—ßπ—Èπ ºŸâ»÷°…“®÷ß∑”°“√»÷°…“·≈– —ß‡°μ ∑¥≈Õß„™â §—¥‡≈◊Õ° °≈—Ëπ°√Õß·≈– —Ëß ¡‚¥¬∫√√æ™π, ª√–‡¡‘π ∂“π¿“æ°“√«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ ‡ªìπ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“∑’Ë –∑âÕπ∂÷ß‚≈°∑—»πå √–∫∫§‘¥·≈–√–∫∫§«“¡ μ≈Õ¥®π —ß‡§√“–Àå¿“æ√«¡ ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ πÕ·π–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπμàÕ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß¡πÿ…¬å ¡πÿ…¬å°—∫∏√√¡™“μ‘ ·≈–¡πÿ…¬å°—∫ ‘Ëß ß“π«‘®—¬„πÕπ“§μμàÕ‰ª. ‡Àπ◊Õ∏√√¡™“μ‘ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√¥”√ßÕ¬Ÿà·≈–°“√æ÷Ëßæ“μπ‡Õß¢Õß™’«‘μ ·≈–™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿåÒ. ¢Õ∫‡¢μ·≈–√–‡∫’¬∫«‘∏’«‘®—¬ ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ** ®”·π°‰¥â‡ªìπ Ú °“√»÷°…“ ∂“π¿“æ ·≈–∑‘»∑“ß°“√«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ ≈—°…≥– §◊Õ ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“ ÿ¢¿“ææ◊Èπ∫â“π (indigenous health) ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ ‡ªìπ°“√«‘®—¬‡™‘ß‡Õ° “√ (documentary re- ·≈–¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π (indigenous medicine). search) „π™à«ß‡¥◊Õπμÿ≈“§¡ æ.». ÚıÙ˜ - °√°Æ“§¡ æ.». ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ¡’°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬μàÕ‡π◊ËÕß‡ªìπ ÚıÙ¯ ‚¥¬√«∫√«¡ß“π«‘®—¬·≈–«‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏å®“°‡§√◊Õ¢à“¬ ‡«≈“‡°◊Õ∫ Ú ∑»«√√… (æ.». ÚıÚı-ÚıÛ˜). ‡ “«¿“ “√ π‡∑»Õ’‡≈§∑√Õπ‘° ·≈–®“°ÀâÕß ¡¥¢ÕßÀπà«¬ß“π¿“§√—∞ÿ æ√ ‘√‘æß…å ·≈–§≥–Ú ‰¥âª√–¡«≈ß“π«‘®—¬°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π ·≈– ¿“∫—π°“√»÷°…“¿“§√—∞„π°√ÿß‡∑æ¡À“π§√·≈–¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§ √«¡ ˆÙ ‡√◊ËÕß ®”·π°‡π◊ÈÕÀ“‡ªìπ Ù À¡«¥ §◊Õ √–∫∫°“√ Ò˜ ·Ààß, °”Àπ¥¢Õ∫‡¢μ¢Õß¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ ·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π, °“√»÷°…“‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπªí®®ÿ∫—π ‡ªìπ Û À¡«¥ : À¡«¥ Ò ß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“ ÿ¢¿“ææ◊Èπ∫â“π, °—∫°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π, °“√»÷°…“ ¿“æªí≠À“·≈–√–∫∫ À¡«¥ Ú ß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π·∫∫ª√– ∫- ∫√‘°“√¢Õß°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π, ·≈–°“√»÷°…“∑—»π§μ‘¢Õß °“√≥å, ·≈–À¡«¥ Û ß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π ™ÿ¡™π·≈–∫ÿ§≈“°√∑“ß¥â“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢μàÕ°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π; ·∫∫æ‘∏’°√√¡·≈–»“ π“. ºŸâ«‘®—¬‰¥â‡ πÕª√–‡¥Áπ«‘®—¬„πÕπ“§μ‰«â¥â«¬. μàÕ¡“„π™à«ß‡«≈“ «‘∏’°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬ ‰¥â·°à Û - ı ªï∑’Ëºà“π‰ª ¿“§√—∞ ¿“§‡Õ°™π·≈– ∂“∫—π°“√»÷°…“„Àâ Ò. ∑∫∑«π ∂“π¿“æß“π«‘®—¬∑’Ëºà“π¡“·≈–«√√≥°√√¡∑’Ë §«“¡ π„®øóôπøŸ·≈–æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å ‡°’Ë¬«¢âÕß ‡æ◊ËÕ°”Àπ¥ª√–‡¥Áπ·≈–¢Õ∫‡¢μ°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬. æ◊Èπ∫â“πÕ¬à“ßμàÕ‡π◊ËÕß ∑”„Àâ¡’°“√»÷°…“·≈–°“√„™âª√–‚¬™πå Ú. »÷°…“ «‘‡§√“–Àå·≈– —ß‡§√“–Àåß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“ ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ¢¿“æ°«â“ß¢«“ß¡“°¢÷Èπ.ÿ Õ¬à“ß‰√°Áμ“¡ æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ ™à«ß æ.». ÚıÛı - ÚıÙ˜. Û. «‘‡§√“–Àå·π«‚πâ¡·≈–‡ πÕ·π–ª√–‡¥Áπ«‘®—¬ √«¡∑—Èß *¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“ π. æπ§«“¡√◊È §«“¡ “¡“√∂Ÿâ (æ®π“π°√¡ÿ ©∫∫√“™∫— ≥±— μ¬ ∂“π‘ ∑‘»∑“ß°“√«‘®—¬„πÕπ“§μ. æ.». ÚıÙÚ. °√ÿß‡∑æœ : π“π¡’∫ÿä§ åæ—∫≈‘‡§™—Ëπ å ; ÚıÙˆ, Àπâ“ ¯Úˆ) Ù. ®—¥∑”√“¬ß“π·≈–‡º¬·æ√àº≈ß“π„π«“√ “√«‘™“°“√. **π¬“¡»‘ æ∑— å : ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æπ∫◊È “π¥â “π â ¢¿“æÿ À¡“¬∂ßæ÷ π§«“¡√◊È §«“¡ “¡“√∂Ÿâ °“√¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß°≈ÿà¡™π·≈–™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿåìπ√–∫∫§‘ ‡ª¥ Õß§å§«“¡√Ÿâ ·≈–«‘∏’ªØ‘∫—μ‘ ¡’Õ—μ≈—°…≥å —¡æ—π∏å°—∫«—≤π∏√√¡ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«‡ª≈’Ë¬π- π‘¬“¡»—æ∑å ·ª≈ß·≈–º ¡º “π°—∫°“√·æ∑¬å·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ ‡ªìπ§«“¡√Ÿâ‡™‘ßª√– ∫°“√≥å ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ À¡“¬∂÷ß «—≤π∏√√¡ °“√ ¿“¬„μ∫√â ∫∑ ‘ ß§¡— ·≈–√–∫∫π‡«».‘ ÿ¢¿“ææπ∫◊È “πâ À¡“¬∂ß¿“«–∑÷ ª√“»’Ë ®“°‚√§¿—¬‰¢â‡®Á∫ (æ®π“πÿ°√¡©∫—∫√“™∫—≥±‘μ¬ ∂“π Àπâ“ ÒÚÒ) „π ¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß°≈ÿà¡™π·≈–™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå·≈–‡ªìπ√–∫∫§‘¥ ™’«‘μª√–®”«—π¢Õßª√–™“™π√–¥—∫ªí®‡®°·≈–§√Õ∫§√—« ∑’ËÕ“»—¬§«“¡√Ÿâ Õß§å§«“¡√Ÿâ·≈–«‘∂’ªØ‘∫—μ‘‡æ◊ËÕ¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–√—°…“§«“¡‡®Á∫ §«“¡ “¡“√∂®“°ª√– ∫°“√≥å ‡™àπ ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“Õ“À“√æ◊Èπ∫â“π, °“√¥Ÿ·≈ μ√’¡’§√√¿å·≈–À≈—ß§≈Õ¥, °“√„™â ¡ÿπ‰æ√.°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π À¡“¬∂÷ß ªÉ«¬ ¡’Õ—μ≈—°…≥å —¡æ—π∏å°—∫«—≤π∏√√¡ ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«‡ª≈’Ë¬π- ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√∫”∫—¥‚√§¢Õß∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ·≈–™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå∑’Ë¡’∞“π§‘¥·≈– ·ª≈ß·≈–º ¡º “π°—∫°“√·æ∑¬å·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ πÕ°®“°π’È ¿Ÿ¡‘ ·∫∫·ºπªØ‘∫—μ‘∑’Ëº ¡º “π√–À«à“ßÕ”π“®‡Àπ◊Õ∏√√¡™“μ‘ »“ π“ ·≈– ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ‰¥â√—∫°“√∂à“¬∑Õ¥ºà“πª√– ∫- ª√– ∫°“√≥ å ∑ – ¡ ’Ë ∫∑Õ¥◊ ·≈–„™ª√–‚¬™πâ å ‚¥¬À¡Õæπ∫◊È “π¡â ∫∑∫“∑’ ”§—≠. °“√≥åμ√ß π—∫‡ªìπ§«“¡√Ÿâ‡™‘ßª√– ∫°“√≥å (experienced - ıÚ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

knowledge) ¿“¬„μâ∫√‘∫∑ —ß§¡«—≤π∏√√¡·≈–√–∫∫π‘‡«»πå Õ”π“®‡Àπ◊Õ∏√√¡™“μ‘ Û¯ ‡√◊ËÕß. ß“π∑—ÈßÀ¡¥®”·π°‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬ ÿ¢¿“ææ◊Èπ∫â“π (indigenous health) À¡“¬∂÷ß °“√ ıˆ ‡√◊ËÕß ·≈–«‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏å ˘¯ ‡√◊ËÕß ‚¥¬¡’√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥¥—ß ¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ„π™’«‘μª√–®”«—π‡ªìπ§«“¡√Ÿâ ‡∑§π‘§ ·≈– · ¥ß„πμ“√“ß∑’Ë Ò. ª√– ∫°“√≥å°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õßª√–™“™π√–¥—∫ªí®‡®°·≈– Û §√Õ∫§√—« μ—«Õ¬à“ß‡™àπ ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“¥â“πÕ“À“√æ◊Èπ∫â“π °“√ ß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“ ÿ¢¿“æ·∫∫æ◊Èπ∫â“π ¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ¢ÕßÀ≠‘ßμ—Èß§√√¿å·≈–À≈—ß§≈Õ¥ °“√„™â¬“ ¡ÿπ- ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“ ¢¿“æ·∫∫æ◊Èπ∫â“π¡’§«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬μ“¡∑âÕßÿ ‰æ√¢Õßª√–™“™π∑—Ë«‰ª. ∂‘Ëπ·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡ ¡’ß“π«‘®—¬ Û¯ ‡√◊ËÕß ®”·π°‡ªìπ Û ¥â“π °“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π (indigenous medicine) À¡“¬∂÷ß ¥—ßπ’È ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√√—°…“‚√§¢Õß∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ·≈–™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå∑’Ë¡’∞“π§‘¥ Ò. ß“π«‘®—¬‡°’Ë¬«°—∫Õ“À“√∏√√¡™“μ‘·≈–Õ“À“√æ◊Èπ∫â“π ·≈–·∫∫·ºπ°“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘∑’Ëº ¡º “π√–À«à“ßÕ”π“®‡Àπ◊Õ ÚÒ ‡√◊ËÕß ®”·π°‡ªìπ ∏√√¡™“μ‘ »“ π“ ·≈–ª√– ∫°“√≥å®“°°“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘®√‘ß∑’Ë – ¡ - ß“π«‘®—¬·¡≈ß º—°æ◊Èπ∫â“π·≈–Õ“À“√æ◊Èπ∫â“π ◊∫∑Õ¥·≈–„™âª√–‚¬™πå„π∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ ‚¥¬À¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π¡’∫∑∫“∑ ÒÚ ‡√◊ËÕß ‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬‡™‘ß§ÿ≥¿“æ Ò ‡√◊ËÕß·≈–ß“π«‘®—¬‡™‘ß ”§—≠„π°“√√—°…“‚√§ «‘‡§√“–Àå Ú ‡√◊ËÕß ‡ªìπº≈°“√ ”√«® ª√–¡«≈·≈–®”·π°æ◊™ ·≈–·¡≈ßμ“¡À≈—°Õπ°√¡«‘∏“πÿ ‚¥¬Õ“»—¬»“ μ√å¥â“π°’Ø«‘∑¬“ º≈°“√»÷°…“ æƒ°…»“ μ√å·≈– —ß§¡»“ μ√å ∑’Ë‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡≈‚¥¬°“√ —¡¿“…≥å,Ÿ °“√√«∫√«¡ß“π«‘®—¬·≈–ß“π«‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏å¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ °“√ Õ∫∂“¡, °“√ —ß‡°μ·∫∫¡’ à«π√à«¡, °“√ —ß‡°μæ◊™∑’Ë„™â ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ„π™à«ßªï ÚıÛı - ÚıÙ˜ ®“°‡§√◊Õ¢à“¬ “√ ‡ªìπÕ“À“√, ·≈–°“√ ”√«®μ≈“¥. æ◊Èπ∑’Ë»÷°…“Õ¬Ÿà„π¿“§‡Àπ◊Õ π‡∑»Õ‘‡≈Á°∑√Õπ‘° å ·≈–®“°ÀâÕß ¡ÿ¥¢ÕßÀπà«¬ß“π¿“§√—∞ ·≈–¿“§Õ’ “π. ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈· ¥ßº≈°“√ ”√«®·≈–°“√»÷°…“ ·≈– ∂“∫—π°“√»÷°…“¿“§√—∞ „π°√ÿß‡∑æ¡À“π§√ ·≈–¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§ Õπÿ°√¡«‘∏“πæ◊™¢Õßº—°æ◊Èπ∫â“π, ¡ÿπ‰æ√, ·¡≈ß·≈–‡ÀÁ¥ ¡’ Ò˜ ·Ààß æ∫ß“π«‘®—¬·≈–«‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏å Ú˜ ‡√◊ËÕß ‡ªìπß“π °“√®”·π° “¬æ—π∏ÿå, °“√√–∫ÿ™◊ËÕ«‘∑¬“»“ μ√å, ™◊ËÕ∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ, «‘®—¬¢Õß¿“§‡Àπ◊Õ ˆ˜ ‡√◊ËÕß, ¿“§Õ’ “π ¯Ú ‡√◊ËÕß, ¿“§°≈“ß ≈—°…≥–∑“ßæƒ°…»“ μ√å, à«π∑’Ë„™â·≈–ª√–‚¬™πå¥â“πÕ“À“√ Ûˆ ‡√◊ËÕß ·≈–¿“§„μâ ÚÚ ‡√◊ËÕß. À≈—ß®“°»÷°…“∫∑§—¥¬àÕ·≈– ·≈– ¡ÿπ‰æ√, ·≈–¡’°“√»÷°…“æƒμ‘°√√¡, °“√· «ßÀ“°“√ √“¬ß“π«‘®—¬©∫—∫ ¡∫Ÿ√≥å∫“ß à«π §—¥‡≈◊Õ°‰¥â Òıı ‡√◊ËÕß ∫√‘‚¿§Õ“À“√æ◊Èπ∫â“π, ªí®®—¬°”Àπ¥°“√∫√‘‚¿§, §«“¡§ßÕ¬Ÿà ®”·π°‡ªìπÀ¡«¥¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“ ÿ¢¿“æ·∫∫æ◊Èπ∫â“π Û¯ ‡√◊ËÕß, ·≈–°“√ Ÿ≠À“¬¢Õßº—°æ◊Èπ∫â“π/·¡≈ß, §ÿ≥§à“·≈–°“√„™â À¡«¥¿¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π·∫∫ª√– ∫°“√≥åŸ ˜˘ ‡√◊ËÕß, ª√–‚¬™πå, ¥â“π™’«‘μ·≈– ÿ¢¿“æ, ¥â“π‡»√…∞°‘®·≈–¥â“π ·≈–À¡«¥¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π·∫∫»“ π∏√√¡·≈– «—≤π∏√√¡, ·≈–°“√»÷°…“∫“ß‡√◊ËÕß¡’°“√√«∫√«¡æ—π∏ÿ°√√¡

μ“√“ß∑’Ë Ò ®”π«π ª√–‡¿∑·≈– —¥ à«π¢Õßß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ ®”·π°μ“¡À¡«¥ ®”π«π ª√–‡¿∑ À¡«¥ ‡√◊ËÕß (√âÕ¬≈–) ß“π«‘®—¬«‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏å / “√π‘æπ∏å Ò. ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“¥â“π ÿ¢¿“ææ◊Èπ∫â“π Û¯ (ÚÙ.ˆ¯) Ò Ú¯ Ú. ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π ˜˘ (ı.ˆ) ÛÒ Ù˜ ·∫∫ª√– ∫°“√≥å Û. ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π Û (ÚÙ.ˆ¯) Òı ÚÛ ·∫∫»“ π∏√√¡·≈–Õ”π“®‡Àπ◊Õ∏√√¡™“μ‘ √«¡ Òıı ıˆ ˘¯ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ıÛ

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∫∑∫“∑¢ÕßÀ¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π ´÷Ëß à«π„À≠àæ∫«à“ À¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π¡’ ª√–°Õ∫‚√§»‘≈ª–, (Ú) ªÉ“·≈–∑√—æ¬“°√∏√√¡™“μ‘‡ ◊ËÕ¡‚∑√¡ ∫∑∫“∑√—°…“‚√§„π™ÿ¡™π≈¥≈ß . πÕ°®“°π’È ¬—ß¡’∫∑∫“∑¥â“π ¬“ ¡ÿπ‰æ√À“¬“° ‰¡à¡’°“√ª≈Ÿ°∑¥·∑πÀ√◊ÕøóôπøŸ·À≈àß —ß§¡ °“√ ◊∫∑Õ¥¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π„π™ÿ¡™π ¡’ ∑√—æ¬“°√, (Û) ª√–™“™π‰¡àπ‘¬¡°“√√—°…“‚√§·∫∫æ◊Èπ∫â“π °“√ª√—∫μ—«‚¥¬°“√ √â“ß§”Õ∏‘∫“¬μàÕ‚√§∑’Ë‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ„À¡àμ—«Õ¬à“ß ‡æ√“–¬“ ¡ÿπ‰æ√ÕÕ°ƒ∑∏‘Ï™â“ ·≈–√Ÿª·∫∫‰¡à –¥«°„π°“√„™â, ‡™àπ ‚√§‡Õ™‰Õ«’, ‚√§‡∫“À«“π ·≈–¬—ß¡’°“√ª√–¬ÿ°μå„™â‡∑§π‘§ (Ù) §π√ÿàπ„À¡à·≈–‡¬“«™π‰¡à π„®»÷°…“Õß§å§«“¡√Ÿâ¥â“π°“√ «‘∏’°“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ¢Õß°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ„À¡à ¡“„™â„π°“√ ·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π ·≈–À¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π¡’°“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘μπ∑’Ë‡§√àß§√—¥ «‘π‘®©—¬·≈–∫”∫—¥‚√§¥â«¬ ‡™àπ À¡Õ°√–¥Ÿ° À¡Õ‡À¬“. ·≈–§—¥‡≈◊Õ°§ÿ≥ ¡∫—μ‘‡©æ“–¢Õß≈Ÿ°»‘…¬å. πÕ°®“°π’È ß“π ªí®®—¬∑’Ë∑”„Àâ∫∑∫“∑À¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π≈¥≈ß §◊Õ ‡»√…∞°‘®·≈– —ß§¡ «‘®—¬¬—ß‡ πÕ·π–«à“√–∫∫°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π ‡ªìπ∑ÿπ∑“ß —ß§¡ «—≤π∏√√¡∑’Ë‡ª≈’Ë¬π·ª≈ß‰ª §π√ÿàπ„À¡à‰¡à‡™◊ËÕ¡—Ëπ„π «—≤π∏√√¡·≈–∑ÿπ∑“ßªí≠≠“¢Õß —ß§¡‰∑¬ ∑”„Àâ —ß§¡ ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ¢Õß°“√√—°…“‚√§ ·≈–§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ¡—Ëπ §«“¡ “¡“√∂æ÷Ëßμπ‡Õß¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ, ¿“§√—∞§«√ π—∫ πÿπ°“√ »√—∑∏“·≈–°“√‡¢â“∂÷ß∑’Ë –¥«°¢Õß°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ„À¡à. ·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π ¬Õ¡√—∫ ∂“π¿“æ¢ÕßÀ¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π π—∫ πÿπ πÕ°®“°∫∑∫“∑‡©æ“–∫ÿ§§≈¢ÕßÀ¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π ¬—ß¡’ß“π „Àâ°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π‡ªìπ∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈– àß‡ √‘¡„Àâ «‘®—¬»÷°…“∂÷ß°“√√«¡μ—«¢ÕßÀ¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π„π≈—°…≥–‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡ À¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π¡’°“√√«¡μ—«·≈– —¡æ—π∏å°—∫¿“§ à«πÕ◊Ëπ¢Õß ·≈–‡§√◊Õ¢à“¬ ≈—°…≥–°“√√«¡μ—«‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ‰¥â Ú ≈—°…≥–. —ß§¡Õ¬à“ß‡∑à“‡∑’¬¡. ≈—°…≥–·√°‡ªìπ°“√√«¡μ—«¢ÕßÀ¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π‡æ◊ËÕª√–‚¬™πå√à«¡ Û. ß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“ ÿ¢¿“æ™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå ‡ªìπ°“√»÷°…“ °—π μ—«Õ¬à“ß ‡™àπ ‡§√◊Õ¢à“¬¢ÕßÀ¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π·≈–ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë «‘®—¬‡°’Ë¬«°—∫ ¢¿“æ„π°≈ÿ ÿà¡™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿåÀ√◊Õ™π‡ºà“„πª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ —¡æ—π∏å·≈–√«¡μ—«‡æ◊ËÕ√”≈÷°∂÷ß§√ŸÕ“®“√¬å„πæ‘∏’‰À«â§√Ÿª√–®” ¡’°“√Õ“»—¬·π«§‘¥·≈–«‘∏’°“√»÷°…“¢Õß°“√·æ∑¬å™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå ªï¢ÕßÀ¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π ¢Õß√à“ß∑√ß, À√◊Õ„π¿“§Õ’ “π¡’‡§√◊Õ¢à“¬ (ethnomedicine) æƒ°…»“ μ√å™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå (ethnobotany) ≈”∑√ß ‡§√◊Õ¢à“¬§√Ÿ∫“„À≠à°—∫§√Ÿ∫“√Õß ‡§√◊Õ¢à“¬§√Ÿ∫“·≈– ·≈–π‘‡«»«‘∑¬“™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå (ethnoecology). πÕ°®“°π’È¬—ß¡’ ≈Ÿ°º÷Èß§√Ÿ‡∑’¬π ‡ªìπ°‘®°√√¡æ∫ª–‰À«â§√Ÿ·≈–·≈°‡ª≈’Ë¬π™à«¬ ß“π«‘®—¬·∫∫ª√–¬ÿ°μå‡æ◊ËÕæ—≤π“√Ÿª·∫∫°“√Õπÿ√—°…å ◊∫∑Õ¥ ‡À≈◊Õ∑ÿ°¢å ÿ¢´÷Ëß°—π·≈–°—π, À√◊Õ°≈ÿà¡À¡Õ¬“æ◊Èπ∫â“π·≈–ºŸâ ·≈–®—¥°“√∑√—æ¬“°√·≈–¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ. ß“π«‘®—¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ ‡°Á∫¬“ ¡ÿπ‰æ√„π¿“§Õ’ “π√«¡μ—«°—π‡°Á∫¬“ ¡ÿπ‰æ√·≈–®—¥ Úı ‡√◊ËÕß ‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬»÷°…“·∫∫·ºπ°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– ‡ªìπ™ÿ¥¬“ ¡ÿπ‰æ√‡æ◊ËÕπ”‰ª®”Àπà“¬‡æ◊ËÕÀ“√“¬‰¥â ‡ªìπμâπ. °“√·æ∑¬å¢Õß™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå¿“§‡Àπ◊Õ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ™π‡ºà“ ≈“ÀŸà ≈—°…≥–∑’Ë Ú ‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡À¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π∑’Ë‡°‘¥®“°°“√°√–μÿâπ·≈–°“√ ¡âß ‡¬â“ ≈’´Õ ¡Ÿ‡´Õ¥” Õ“¢à“ °√–‡À√’Ë¬ß ‡¡’Ë¬π Õ’°âÕ, ‡ªìπ°“√ àß‡ √‘¡¢Õßπ—°æ—≤π“∑—Èß¿“§√—∞·≈–¿“§‡Õ°™π ∑”„ÀâÀ¡Õæ◊Èπ »÷°…“‡™‘ß§ÿ≥¿“æ æ∫«à“™ÿ¡™π¡’°“√ ◊∫∑Õ¥·≈–„™âª√–‚¬™πå ∫â“π¡’°“√√«¡μ—«·≈–¡’°‘®°√√¡∂à“¬∑Õ¥·≈–·≈°‡ª≈’Ë¬π§«“¡√Ÿâ, ®“°¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ ¡’À¡Õ¬“ ¡ÿπ‰æ√ À¡Õº’ ·≈–À¡Õ °“√»÷°…“ ¡ÿπ‰æ√„πªÉ“∏√√¡™“μ‘, °“√√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬√à«¡°—π„π μ”·¬‡ªìπºŸâ‡¬’¬«¬“¢Õß™ÿ¡™π. ß“π«‘®—¬¡’¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–«à“¿“§ ≈—°…≥–‡§√◊Õ¢à“¬À¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π, °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«º≈—°¥—π æ.√.∫. √—∞§«√¬Õ¡√—∫¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ·≈–‡≈◊Õ° ‘Ëß¥’¡“ª√–¬ÿ°μå„Àâ ÿ¢¿“æ·Ààß™“μ‘ ‡™àπ ‡§√◊Õ¢à“¬À¡Õ‡¡◊Õß≈â“ππ“ ¿“À¡Õæ◊Èπ Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫°“√·æ∑¬å ¡—¬„À¡à ·≈–ª≈ÿ°®‘μ ”π÷°„Àâ ∫â“πÕ’ “π ™¡√¡/°≈ÿà¡À¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π„πÀ≈“¬æ◊Èπ∑’Ë ‡ªìπμâπ ª√–™“™πæ—≤π“¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õßμπ‡Õß, ·≈–¬—ß¡’ ·≈–¡’ß“π«‘®—¬∑’Ë –∑âÕπ∂÷ß»—°¬¿“æ·≈–¢âÕ®”°—¥¢Õß°“√√«¡ ß“π«‘®—¬¥â“πæƒ°…»“ μ√åæ◊Èπ∫â“π ˘ ‡√◊ËÕß ‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬·∫∫ °≈ÿà¡¢ÕßÀ¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π. ”√«® ∑’Ë∑”„π¿“§‡Àπ◊Õ·≈–¿“§Õ’ “π ‡ªìπ°“√ ”√«®·≈– - ·π«§‘¥·≈–·π«∑“ß°“√æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π ‡°Á∫μ—«Õ¬à“ßæ◊™∑’Ëª√–™“™π„™âª√–‚¬™πå„π™’«‘μª√–®”«—π ¡’æ◊™ ß“π«‘®—¬ à«π„À≠à –∑âÕπªí≠À“¢Õß°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ ¡ÿπ‰æ√ æ◊™Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊ËÕß„™â·≈–∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬ æ◊™‡»√…∞°‘® ∫â“π∑’Ë ”§—≠ §◊Õ (Ò) ¥â“πÕß§å§«“¡√Ÿâ¢Õß°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π ·≈–æ◊™ª√–°Õ∫æ‘∏’°√√¡. ®“°π—Èππ”¡“®”·π°·≈–μ√«® Õ∫ ‰¡à¡’°“√»÷°…“Õ¬à“ß®√‘ß®—ß, À¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π à«π„À≠à√—°…“μ“¡ ∑“ßÕπÿ°√¡«‘∏“π. ß“π«‘®—¬¡’°“√®”·π°«ß»å (family) ·≈–¡’ Õ“°“√¢Õß‚√§·≈–‰¡à√Ÿâ “‡Àμÿ¢Õß‚√§ ¢“¥§ÿ≥¿“æ·≈–‰¡à¡’„∫°“√ Õ∫∂“¡°“√„™âª√–‚¬™πå®“°ºŸâ√Ÿâ·≈–À¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π. Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ı˜

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·°âª«¥‡¡◊ËÕ¬∑’Ë„™â°«â“ß¢«“ß„π¿“§Õ’ “π. √—°…“·º≈∑’Ë‡°‘¥®“°æ‘…ßŸ. À¡ÕßŸ∫“ß à«π„™â«‘∏’°“√‰ ¬»“ μ√å ı. °“√«‘®—¬À¡Õπ«¥ ·≈–°“√π«¥æ◊Èπ∫â“π ¡’ ˆ ‡√◊ËÕß ª√–°Õ∫°“√√—°…“¥â«¬ ·≈–ß“π«‘®—¬‡ πÕ«à“ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ„π ‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬‡™‘ß§≥¿“æÿ »÷°…“‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‚√§·≈– “‡Àμ¢Õß‚√§,ÿ °“√√—°…“ß°—¥Ÿ ‡°‘¥®“°ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ßÀ¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π·≈–º ŸâªÉ«¬ °“√μ√«®, ‡∑§π‘§°“√π«¥, ·≈–º≈¢Õß°“√π«¥ æ∫«à“ À¡Õ „π°“√¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬·∫∫Õß§å√«¡ ¡‘„™à‡°‘¥®“° π«¥æ◊Èπ∫â“π‡√’¬π«‘™“®“°∫√√æ∫ÿ√ÿ… „™â‡∑§π‘§°“√π«¥À≈“¬«‘∏’ ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ¬“‡æ’¬ßÕ¬à“ß‡¥’¬«. ª√–°Õ∫°—∫≈Ÿ°ª√–§∫ ¡ÿπ‰æ√ ¬“ ¡ÿπ‰æ√ ‰¡âπ«¥ πÈ”¡—π „π¿“æ√«¡¢ÕßÀ¡«¥ß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ ‡À≈Á°‡º“‰ø·≈–¡’æ‘∏’°√√¡„π°√–∫«π°“√√—°…“‚√§. ‚√§∑’Ë ∫â“π·∫∫ª√– ∫°“√≥å Õ—π‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π∑’Ë¡’ À¡Õπ«¥æ◊Èπ∫â“π„Àâ°“√∫”∫—¥√—°…“§◊Õ Õ“°“√ª«¥‡¡◊ËÕ¬ º≈‡™‘ßª√–®—°…å (empirical tradition) ¡’ß“π«‘®—¬ ˜˘ ‡√◊ËÕß ‡§≈Á¥¢—¥¬Õ° ‚√§Õ—¡æƒ°…å Õ—¡æ“μ ‚√§°√–¥Ÿ°·≈–‡ÕÁπ ®”·π°‡ªìπ ˜ ¥â“π§◊Õ °“√«‘®—¬μ”√“°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π, °“√ ‡ÀπÁ∫™“ ‡§√’¬¥ ¡¥≈Ÿ°À¬àÕπ °√–μÿâππÈ”π¡ π«¥π—°¡«¬. «‘∏’ «‘®—¬°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π, °“√«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“ ÿ¢¿“æ™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå, °“√π«¥·μà≈–¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§¡’∑—Èß‡À¡◊Õπ·≈–·μ°μà“ß°—π. °“√«‘®—¬À¡Õπ«¥·≈–°“√π«¥æ◊Èπ∫â“π. °“√«‘®—¬À¡Õ°√–¥Ÿ° ˆ. °“√«‘®—¬À¡Õ°√–¥Ÿ°·≈–°“√√—°…“°√–¥Ÿ°À—°·∫∫æ◊Èπ ·≈–°“√√—°…“°√–¥Ÿ°À—°·∫∫æ◊Èπ∫â“π ·≈–°“√«‘®—¬À¡ÕßŸ·≈– ∫â“π ¡’ Ù ‡√◊ËÕß ‡ªìπ°“√«‘®—¬‡™‘ß§ÿ≥¿“æ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬°“√ °“√√—°…“ßŸ°—¥·∫∫æ◊Èπ∫â“π ‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬‡™‘ß§ÿ≥¿“æ ·∫∫ »÷°…“°√–∫«π°“√√—°…“°√–¥Ÿ°¢ÕßÀ¡Õ°√–¥Ÿ°·≈–ºŸâªÉ«¬ Û ”√«®·≈–°“√«‘®—¬·∫∫∑¥≈Õß. ß“π«‘®—¬ à«π„À≠àÕ“»—¬ ‡√◊ËÕß ·≈–°“√»÷°…“°√–∫«π°“√∂à“¬∑Õ¥§«“¡√Ÿâ¢ÕßÀ¡Õ°√–¥Ÿ° ¡“πÿ…¬«‘∑¬“°“√·æ∑¬å (medical anthropology) °“√ Ò ‡√◊ËÕß. º≈°“√»÷°…“· ¥ß«à“ À¡Õ°√–¥Ÿ°‰¥â√—∫°“√∂à“¬∑Õ¥ ·æ∑¬å™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå (ethnomedicine) ·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡ «‘™“°“√∫√√æ∫ÿ√ÿ…·≈–§√ŸÕ“®“√¬å “¡“√∂√—°…“°≈ÿà¡Õ“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢·≈–∫“ß à«π„™â«‘∑¬“»“ μ√å·≈–‡¿ —™»“ μ√å„π °√–¥Ÿ°À—° ‡¢â“‡ΩóÕ°„Àâ„™âπÈ”¡—πÀ√◊ÕπÈ”¡—π ¡ÿπ‰æ√ ª√–°Õ∫ °“√«‘®—¬ ·≈–„π™à«ß Ò ªï ∑’Ëºà“π‰ª. ß“π«‘®—¬∫“ß à«π‰¥â¡’ °—∫°“√‡ªÉ“ °“√„™â§“∂“·≈– ¡“∏‘ ·≈–¡’ß“π«‘®—¬ Ú ‡√◊ËÕß °“√º ¡º “π»“ μ√å¡“°°«à“Àπ÷Ëß»“ μ√å„π°“√»÷°…“°“√ · ¥ß∂÷ß ª√– ‘∑∏‘º≈¢Õß°“√√—°…“°√–¥Ÿ°À—°·∫∫æ◊Èπ∫â“π∑’Ë ·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π ‡™àπ π‘‡«»«‘∑¬“™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå, æƒ°…»“ μ√å™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå. §àÕπ¢â“ß¥’ ∑”„ÀâºŸâªÉ«¬À“¬‡ªìπª√°μ‘‰¥â·≈–æ÷ßæÕ„®„π°“√ Õ¬à“ß‰√°Áμ“¡ß“π«‘®—¬¬—ß§ß∑”ß“π«‘®—¬≈—°…≥–‚§√ß°“√‡¥’Ë¬«; √—°…“°√–¥Ÿ°À—° À¡Õ°√–¥Ÿ°¡’°“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘∏√√¡·≈– «¥¡πμå ß“π«‘®—¬∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–∫Ÿ√≥“°“√·≈–„™â»“ μ√åÀ≈“¬ “¢“ ‡ªìπª√–®” ·≈–∫“ß§π¡’°“√∂à“¬∑Õ¥§«“¡√Ÿâ Ÿà≈Ÿ°»‘…¬å¥â«¬ (multidisciplinary approach) ‡æ◊ËÕæ—≤π“ß“π√–¬–¬“«·≈– ‡Àμÿº≈∑’ËºŸâªÉ«¬¡“√—°…“°√–¥Ÿ°À—°·∫∫æ◊Èπ∫â“π §◊Õ §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ √â“ß‡ªÑ“À¡“¬∑’Ë™—¥‡®π¬—ß§ß¡’πâÕ¬. πÕ°®“°π’È ß“π«‘®—¬°Á¬—ß §«“¡»√—∑∏“ ·≈–§à“„™â®à“¬. §ß‡ªìπß“π≈—°…≥–«‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏å ∑”„Àâº≈«‘®—¬∂Ÿ°π”¡“„™â ˜. °“√«‘®—¬À¡ÕßŸ·≈–°“√√—°…“ßŸ°—¥·∫∫æ◊Èπ∫â“π ¡’ ı ª√–‚¬™πåμàÕ “∏“√≥™π‰¥â®”°—¥. ‡√◊ËÕß ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ß“π»÷°…“Õß§å§«“¡√Ÿâ·≈–°√–∫«π°“√°“√ ”À√—∫º≈¢Õß°“√«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π √—°…“ßŸ°—¥¢ÕßÀ¡ÕßŸ·≈–ºŸâªÉ«¬ Ú ‡√◊ËÕß §◊Õ ß“π«‘®—¬‡√◊ËÕß ç¿Ÿ¡‘ ·∫∫ª√– ∫°“√≥å¬—ß§ß„Àâ§«“¡ ”§—≠°—∫√–∫∫§‘¥ §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ ªí≠≠“À¡ÕßéŸ ¢Õß «‘∑¬åÿ ¡“ª√– ß§å (ÚıÙˆ)ÒÒ ·≈–ß“π«‘®—¬ ·≈–·∫∫·ºπ°“√¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬¢ÕßÀ¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π ‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß ‡√◊ËÕß ç°“√„™â ¡π‰æ√æ◊Èπ∫â“π„π¿“§μ–«—πÕÕ°‡©’¬ß‡Àπ◊Õéÿ ¢Õß °—∫∫√‘∫∑∑“ß —ß§¡·≈–√–∫∫π‘‡«»πå. à«πß“π«‘®—¬‡°’Ë¬«°—∫ºŸâ æ‘∫Ÿ≈ °¡≈‡æ™√·≈–§≥– „π æ.». ÚıÛˆ - ÚıÛ¯ÒÚ . à«π ªÉ«¬‡æ◊ËÕ· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ßª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ¢Õß°“√√—°…“·≈–°“√ ß“π«‘®—¬Õ’° Û ‡√◊ËÕß ‡ªìπ°“√»÷°…“‡¿ —™«‘∑¬“¢Õß ¡ÿπ‰æ√æ◊Èπ »÷°…“∂÷ß°“√ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π·≈–°“√ ∫â“π∑’Ë„™â√—°…“ßŸ°—¥ æ◊Èπ∑’Ë«‘®—¬§◊Õ¿“§„μâ·≈–¿“§Õ’ “π. ß“π ·æ∑¬å·∫∫Õ◊Ëπ¬—ß§ß¡’πâÕ¬. ß“π«‘®—¬‡ªìπ°“√¡Õß√–∫∫°“√ «‘®—¬· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ«à“ À¡ÕßŸ‡ªìπÀ¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ “¡“√∂ ·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π‡ªìπ√–∫∫«—≤π∏√√¡ (cultural interpretive „π°“√√—°…“ßŸæ‘…·≈–ßŸ‰¡à¡’æ‘…°—¥·≈–‰¥â√—∫°“√¬Õ¡√—∫®“° theory) ·≈–¬—ß¡’°“√«‘®—¬À¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–·≈–§«“¡ ™ÿ¡™π. À¡ÕßŸ„™â ¡ÿπ‰æ√„π∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ√—°…“Õ“°“√‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬∑’Ë‡°‘¥ ™”π“≠‡©æ“–¡“°¢÷Èπ μ—«Õ¬à“ß‡™àπ À¡Õ¬“ ¡π‰æ√ÿ À¡Õ°√–¥Ÿ° ®“°ßŸ°—¥‡æ◊ËÕ√–ß—∫Õ“°“√ª«¥ °”®—¥æ‘…ÕÕ°®“°√à“ß°“¬·≈– À¡Õπ«¥·≈–À¡Õ¥â“πæ‘∏’°√√¡ ‡ªìπμâπ ∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥§«“¡‡¢â“„® Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ı˘

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«‘®—¬¥â“π ÿ¢¿“ææ◊Èπ∫â“π Û¯ ‡√◊ËÕß, ¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π π‚¬∫“¬·≈–¿“§ªØ‘∫—μ‘°“√ ·≈–¬—ß¡’ª√–‚¬™πå„π°“√æ—≤π“ ·∫∫ª√– ∫°“√≥å ˜˘ ‡√◊ËÕß ·≈–¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π·∫∫ ·ºπß“π«‘®—¬·≈–√–∫∫ß“π«‘®—¬¥â“π¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π »“ π∏√√¡·≈–Õ”π“®‡Àπ◊Õ∏√√¡™“μ‘ Û˜ ‡√◊ËÕß, ‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬ ÿ¢¿“æ. ¥—ßπ—Èπ °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å „πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë¿“§Õ’ “π ¿“§‡Àπ◊Õ ¿“§°≈“ß ·≈–¿“§„μâμ“¡≈”¥—∫, ∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°®”‡ªìπμâÕß √â“ß√–∫∫∞“π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ß“π«‘®—¬¥â“π¿Ÿ¡‘ ·≈– à«π„À≠à‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬‡™‘ß§ÿ≥¿“æ √Õß≈ß¡“‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬ ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ ª√–‡¡‘π·≈– —ß‡§√“–Àå¿“æ√«¡ ‡™‘ß ”√«® ß“π«‘®—¬·∫∫∑¥≈Õß ·≈–ß“π«‘®—¬‡™‘ßªØ‘∫—μ‘°“√. Õ¬à“ßμàÕ‡π◊ËÕß(ª√–¡“≥ ı ªï/§√—Èß) ·≈–π”¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¡“®—¥√–∫∫ ß“π∑’Ëπ”¡“»÷°…“ à«π„À≠à‡ªìπß“π«‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏å·≈– à«π∑’Ë ·≈–®—¥°“√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™âª√–‚¬™πåμàÕ‰ª. ‡À≈◊Õ‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬¢Õß ∂“∫—π°“√»÷°…“. „π¿“æ√«¡ ®”π«π Û. °“√«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æº ¡º “π ß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ¡’‰¡à¡“°π—°, ß“π«‘®—¬ °—∫¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“ ¡—¬„À¡à §«√¡’°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫ß“π«‘®—¬„Àâ™ÿ¡™π ¬—ß‰¡à‡ªìπ√–∫∫, ∑‘»∑“ß·≈–«“√–°“√«‘®—¬‰¡à™—¥‡®π, ‰¡à¡’ ‰¥â‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·≈–¡’»—°¬¿“æ„π°“√ √â“ß√–∫∫ ÿ¢¿“æ™ÿ¡™π¥â«¬ √–∫∫ π—∫ πÿπ ·≈–‰¡à¡’°≈«‘∏“π°“√®—¥°“√§«“¡√Ÿâ∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫ μπ‡Õß ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ™ÿ¡™π‡¢â¡·¢Áß ß∫ ÿ¢·≈–Õ¬Ÿà√Õ¥‰¥â„π —ß§¡ ®“°ß“π«‘®—¬‡æ◊ËÕ„™âª√–‚¬™πå¥â“ππ‚¬∫“¬·≈–¥â“πªØ‘∫—μ‘°“√∑’Ë ªí®®ÿ∫—π. μàÕ‡π◊ËÕß, ß“π«‘®—¬ à«π„À≠àÕ“»—¬Õß§å§«“¡√Ÿâ¥â“π Ù. °“√«‘®—¬¥â“πª√– ‘∑∏‘º≈¢Õß°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π §«√ —ß§¡»“ μ√å·≈–‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬‡™‘ß§≥¿“æ.ÿ „π™à«ß Ò ªï∑’Ëºà“π‰ª Õ“»—¬¡ÿ¡¡Õß°“√ª√–‡¡‘πª√– ‘∑∏‘º≈·∫∫Õß§å√«¡ ª√–°Õ∫ »“ μ√å∑’Ë„™âª√–‚¬™πå„πß“π«‘®—¬§◊Õ¡“πÿ…¬«‘∑¬“°“√·æ∑¬å ¥â«¬ª√– ‘∑∏‘º≈∑“ß°“¬¿“æ, ª√– ‘∑∏‘º≈∑“ß®‘μ«‘∑¬“, ·≈– ·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå ‚¥¬π”»“ μ√å¥â“πÕ◊Ëπ¡“ºπ«°„™â ª√– ‘∑∏‘º≈∑“ß —ß§¡ÒÛ Õ’°∑—Èßæ‘®“√≥“º≈°√–∑∫μàÕ«—≤π∏√√¡ ª√–‚¬™πå ´÷Ëß‰¥â·°à π‘‡«»«‘∑¬“™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå (ethnoecology), ·≈–√–∫∫π‘‡«»Õ—π®–™à«¬„Àâ‡¢â“„®§ÿ≥§à“¢Õß¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ æƒ°…»“ μ√å™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå (ethnobotany), ‡¿ —™»“ μ√å (phar- ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æÕ¬à“ß√Õ∫¥â“π. macy) ‡ªìπμâπ. ∑°»“ μ√å≈â«π¡’§ÿ ≥§à“·≈–∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥§«“¡‡¢â“„®ÿ ı. °“√ÕÕ°·∫∫ß“π«‘®—¬·≈–°“√π”º≈ß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ ç§«“¡®√‘ßé ¢Õß¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ. ºŸâ«‘®—¬¡’§«“¡ ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ¡“„™âª√–‚¬™πå°—∫ —ß§¡ §«√§”π÷ß ‡ÀÁπ«à“°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ§«√‡√‘Ë¡ ∂÷ß ç°≈ÿà¡ºŸâ„™âª√–‚¬™πåé ´÷Ëß¡’∑—Èßª√–™“™π À¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“πÿ ™¡™π ®“°¡“πÿ…¬«‘∑¬“°“√·æ∑¬å (medical anthropology) À√◊Õ ∫ÿ§≈“°√°“√·æ∑¬å·≈– “∏“√≥ ÿ¢·ºπªí®®ÿ∫—π ·≈– ∂“∫—π °“√·æ∑¬å™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå (ethnomedicine) À≈—ß®“°π—Èπ®÷ßπ” °“√»÷°…“·≈–π—°æ—≤π“. »“ μ√å¥â“πÕ◊Ëπ¡“«‘®—¬§Ÿà¢π“πÀ√◊Õ«‘®—¬μàÕ¬Õ¥„Àâ‡°‘¥§«“¡√Ÿâ ˆ. ß“π«‘®—¬¿¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π Ÿ ¢¿“æ¡’À≈“¬»“ μ√åÿ ·≈–§«“¡‡¢â“„®μàÕ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ·∫∫À≈“¬ À≈“¬ΩÉ“¬·≈–À≈“¬·À≈àß∑ÿπ‡¢â“‡°’Ë¬«°—∫ °√–∫«π°“√«‘®—¬, ¡‘μ‘·≈–·∫∫∫Ÿ√≥“°“√ æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß«‘®—¬·≈–æ—≤π“‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß‰ª Ÿà °“√®—¥ √√ª√–‚¬™πå®“°º≈ß“π«‘®—¬®÷ß§«√¡’°“√«‘®—¬·≈–À“ ¿“§π‚¬∫“¬·≈–¿“§ªØ‘∫—μ‘°“√ Õ—π®–∑”„Àâ “¡“√∂ ◊ËÕ “√ §”μÕ∫∑’Ë™—¥‡®π Õ“®¡’≈—°…≥– ç ‘∑∏‘∫—μ√√à«¡é „ππ«—μ°√√¡ ·≈–„™âª√–‚¬™πå°—∫ “∏“√≥–‰¥âÕ¬à“ß ¡ ¡—¬. º≈‘μ¿—≥±åÀ√◊Õ∫√‘°“√ ÿ¢¿“æ∑’Ë √â“ß„À¡à. ®“°º≈°“√»÷°…“§√—Èßπ’È ¡’¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π– ˜ ¥â“π §◊Õ ˜. ß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ §«√¡’ Ò. °“√«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ§«√¡’°“√ °√–∫«π°“√∑’Ëºπ÷°°”≈—ß∑ÿ°ΩÉ“¬∑—Èß¥â“π°”≈—ß§π·≈–·À≈àß∑ÿπ æ—≤π“Õ¬à“ß‡ªìπ√–∫∫·≈–§√∫«ß®√ ¡’√–∫∫ π—∫ πÿπß“π ‡æ◊ËÕ«‘®—¬ æ—≤π“·≈–øóôπøŸ§ÿ≥§à“¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“„Àâ‡ªìπª√–‚¬™πå„π «‘®—¬∑’Ë™—¥‡®π·≈–√–¬–¬“« ·≈–¡’°≈«‘∏“ππ”º≈«‘®—¬‰ª„™â «ß°«â“ß. ª√–‚¬™πå·≈– ◊ËÕ “√ “∏“√≥–Õ¬à“ßμàÕ‡π◊ËÕß‰¥â. √–∫∫ ‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß π—∫ πÿπß“π«‘®—¬§«√‡ªìπ§«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ√–À«à“ß¿“§√—∞°—∫¿“§ Ò. ‡Õ°«‘∑¬å ≥ ∂≈“ß. ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ°—∫°“√®—¥°“√§«“¡√Ÿâ. ∂“∫—π°“√»÷°…“. °√ÿß‡∑æ¡À“π§√ : ∫√‘…—∑ Õ¡√‘π∑√åæ√‘Èπμ‘Èß·Õπ¥åæ—∫≈‘™™‘Ëß ®”°—¥; Ú. °“√ª√–¡«≈·≈– √â“ß∞“π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ß“π«‘®—¬¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“ ÚıÙˆ. Ú. ‡ “«¿“ æ√ ‘√‘æß…å, ‡æÁ≠π¿“ ∑√—æ¬å‡®√‘≠, æ√∑‘æ¬å Õÿ»ÿ√—μπå, ¡ÿ∑‘μ“ æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ¡’§«“¡ ”§—≠·≈–®”‡ªìπμàÕ°“√æ—≤π“ ‡ ∂’¬√«—≤π™—¬. ∂“π¿“æ·≈–∑‘»∑“ß°“√«‘®—¬°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬. Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ˆÒ

°√ÿß‡∑æ¡À“π§√ : ‚√ßæ‘¡æåÕß§å°“√ ß‡§√“–Àå∑À“√ºà“π»÷° ; ÚıÛ˘. ˜. ¬‘Ëß¬ß ‡∑“ª√–‡ √‘∞ . «‘∂’°“√¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“ ÿ¢¿“æ„π√–∫∫°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ Û. √ÿ®‘π“∂ Õ√√∂ ‘…∞, ‡ “«≥’¬å °ÿ≈ ¡∫Ÿ√≥å, √—™π’ ®—π∑√å‡°…, æ®’°“≠®πå ∫â“π≈â“ππ“. ‡™’¬ß„À¡à : «π‘¥“ ‡æ√ ; ÚıÙˆ. ®‘√–‡ ∂’¬√æß»å, ÿæ—μ√“ —π∑π“πÿ°“√, Õ√®‘√“ ∑Õß ÿ°¡“°. °“√ ¯. ¬» —πμ ¡∫—μ‘. π‘‡«»πå«‘∑¬“™“μ‘æ—π∏ÿå ∑√—æ¬“°√™’«¿“æ·≈– ‘∑∏‘ ª√–¡«≈·≈–«‘‡§√“–Àå‡∫◊ÈÕßμâπ : Õß§å§«“¡√Ÿâ¢Õß¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π ™ÿ¡™π. ‡™’¬ß„À¡à : ∫√‘…—∑ «‘∑Õ‘π¥’‰´πå; ÚıÙ˜. ¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ. ‡Õ° “√ª√–°Õ∫°“√ —¡¡π“ ‡√◊ËÕß √à«¡ √â“ß·≈– ˘. ¬» —πμ ¡∫—μ‘. §«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬∑“ß™’«¿“æ·≈–¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ ®—¥°“√¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“æ◊Èπ∫â“π¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ, ˆ - ˜ °—π¬“¬π ÚıÙ¯ ≥ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√æ—≤π“Õ¬à“ß¬—Ëß¬◊π. ‡™’¬ß„À¡à : ππ∑∫ÿ√’°“√æ‘¡æå; ÚıÙÚ. ‚√ß·√¡‡Õ‡™’¬ °√ÿß‡∑æœ (Õ—¥ ”‡π“). Ò. π‘∏‘¡“ ÿ∑∏‘æ—π∏ÿå, Õπÿ«—≤πå «—≤πæ‘™≠“°Ÿ≈, ∑Õß≈–¡Ÿ≈, æ√∑‘æ¬å «√π—¬ Ù. Kleinman A. Indigenous system of healing: question or professional, æ‘π‘®. §«“¡‰¡à Õ¥§≈âÕß¢Õß«‘∂’«—≤π∏√√¡À¡Õ¬“æ◊Èπ∫â“πÕ’ “π°—∫ popular and folk care in alternative medicine. New York: Tavistock √–∫∫°“√ Õ∫‡æ◊ËÕ¢Õ¢÷Èπ∑–‡∫’¬π‡ªìπºŸâª√–°Õ∫°“√‚√§»‘≈ª– “¢“ Publication; 1984. p. 138-64. ·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬. §≥–‡¿ —™»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬Õÿ∫≈√“™∏“π’; ÚıÙ˜. ı. °≈ÿà¡ß“π§ÿâ¡§√Õß¿¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬Ÿ ∂“∫—π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ ÒÒ. ÿ«‘∑¬å ¡“ª√– ß§å. ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“À¡ÕßŸ. °√ÿß‡∑æœ : ”π—°ß“π π—∫ πÿπ ‰∑¬, °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° °Õß∑ÿπ°“√«‘®—¬; ÚıÙˆ. °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢. ª√–‡¿∑∫ÿ§≈“°√¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ , ÒÚ. æ‘∫≈Ÿ °¡≈‡æ™√, ¡®‘μ√ ª∑ÿ¡“ππ∑å, ª√–∑’ª ‡¡¶ª√– “π, Õÿ‰√«√√≥ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ √ÿª . «—π∑’Ë Ò ¡’π“§¡ ÚıÙ˘ (Õ—¥ ”‡π“). ‡æ‘Ë¡æ‘æ—≤πå, «—™√’ ª√–™“»√—¬ √‡¥™. »÷°…“°“√„™â ¡ÿπ‰æ√®“°À¡Õ ˆ. √ÿâß√—ß…’ «‘∫Ÿ≈™—¬. °“√¥”√ßÕ¬Ÿà¢Õß°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π : °√≥’»÷°…“∫â“π ¡ÿπ‰æ√æ◊Èπ∫â“π„π¿“§μ–«—πÕÕ°‡©’¬ß‡Àπ◊Õ. °√ÿß‡∑æœ : π“ ’¥“ μ”∫≈¢â“«ªÿÑπ Õ”‡¿Õ°ÿ¥¢â“«ªÿÑπ ®—ßÀ«—¥Õÿ∫≈√“™∏“π’. ∂“∫—π«‘®—¬√–∫∫ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢; ÚıÛ¯. «‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏å»‘≈ª»“ μ√å¡À“∫—≥±‘μ («—≤π∏√√¡»÷°…“), ∂“∫—π«‘®—¬ ÒÛ. Heggenhougen K. Traditional medicine and primary health care. London: ¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡‡æ◊ËÕæ—≤π“™π∫∑ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈; ÚıÛ¯. EPC publication; 1988.

Abstract Status and Direction of Research on Indigenous Wisdom for Health Saowanee Kulsomboon, Rujinart Adthasit Department for Development of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000

Indigenous or local wisdom for health (LWH) is a cultural aspect for health care and treatment among multi-ethnic groups in Thai society. LWH is the art and science crystallized from observation, application, selection, filtration, and accumulation from previous to current generations. LWH reflects the thinking system, belief, and means to take care of life and health based on Eastern ways. LWH is a simple and appropriate technology. It enables Thai people to access, utilize and rely on themselves. The objectives of this research are (1) to summarize and analyze the status of research on LWH during the period from 1992 to 2004 and (2) to synthesize the overall situation and propose the direction of future research into LWH. Documentary research during the period from 1992 to 2004 were used. There are three categories including (1) research on LWH related to folk culture, (2) research on LWH related to secular folk, and (3) research on LWH related to religious and healing rites. The study found that there were 155 items in the literature related to LWH classified in relation to: (a) folk culture (38), (b) secular folk (79), and (c) religious and healing rites (38). The majority of the literature comprised qualitative research, followed by survey research, experimental research, and action research. Most studies are dissertations, theses and research from educational institutes. Knowledge of the social sciences is mainly used for conducting research. It was also found that, during the last 10 years, medical anthropology and medical ethnography were frequently used for such studies. Overall, there is a limited number of items in the LWH literature; the research in this area lacks a framework and research direction; morever, the extent of study is not well defined. There is also no support- ing system for LWH research and a lack of mechanisms for knowledge management to benefit from research to be used in policy or operational levels. The recommendation related to future LWH research is to establish an effective support system, a mecha- nism to utilize research, and a way to communicate the research results on LWH to the public. Research on LWH should start with medical anthropology and medical ethnography followed by other research fields which can be studied in parallel, or further exploration is needed to gain more knowledge and understanding about LWH in several dimensions. The integration of research and development on LWH will help assist the utilization of research results at the policy and operational levels. Key words : indigenous or local wisdom for health, indigenous health, indigenous medicine, medical ethnography «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬åå å∑“ß‡≈åå ◊Õ°◊◊ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°ªï∑’Ë ı ©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡-‡¡…“¬π Úıı Vol.ªï∑’Ë ı©∫5 No.—∫∑’Ë 1Ò ¡°√“§¡January-April - ‡¡…“¬π 2007Úıı π‘æπ∏åμâπ©∫—∫ °“√»÷°…“ªí®®—¬∑’Ë àßº≈ ”‡√Á®„π°“√®—¥∫√‘°“√¢Õß√—∞ ¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° °√≥’»÷°…“: ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¥”‡π‘π –¥«° ®—ßÀ«—¥√“™∫ÿ√’

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∫∑§—¥¬àÕ «—μ∂ª√– ß§ÿ å ‡æÕ»◊Ë°…“ª÷ ®®í ¬∑— ’Ë àßº≈ ”‡√®„π°“√®Á ¥∫√— °“√¥‘ “π°“√·æ∑¬â ∑“ß‡≈å Õ°◊ ¢Õß‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¥”‡ππ –¥«°‘ ®—ßÀ«¥√“™∫— ÿ√’‡æÕπ”‰ª‡ª◊Ë π¢ì Õ¡â ≈„π°“√μŸ ¥ — π„®¢Õßº‘ ∫√Ÿâ À“√„π°“√®‘ ¥∫√— °“√¥‘ “π°“√·æ∑¬â ∑“ß‡≈å Õ°„π‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¢Õß√◊ ∞.— ¢Õ∫‡¢μ°“√»÷°…“ ªí®®—¬§«“¡ ”‡√Á® : Ò. ¥â“π¿“«–ºŸâπ”, Ú. √Ÿª·∫∫°“√∫√‘À“√®—¥°“√ ´÷Ëß‰¥â·°à °“√ √â“ß∑’¡ ß“π √Ÿª·∫∫°“√∫√‘°“√ ·≈–§à“„™â®à“¬„π°“√∫√‘°“√, Û. §«“¡æ√âÕ¡¢Õß ∂“π∫√‘°“√ ´÷Ëß‰¥â·°à ∂“π∑’Ë ∫ÿ§≈“°√ ·≈–ß∫ ª√–¡“≥, Ù. ¿“æ°“√‡ªìπ·À≈àß∑àÕß‡∑’Ë¬«, ı. °“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“° à«π°≈“ß·≈–¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§, ·≈– ˆ. §«“¡æÕ„®¢ÕßºŸâ¡“√—∫ ∫√‘°“√. √–‡∫’¬∫«‘∏’»÷°…“ ∑”°“√»÷°…“‡™‘ß ”√«®„π™à«ß‡¥◊Õπ∏—π«“§¡ ÚıÙ˘ - ‡¥◊Õπæƒ…¿“§¡ Úıı ∑’Ë‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈ ¥”‡π‘π –¥«° ®—ßÀ«—¥√“™∫ÿ√’, „™â°≈ÿà¡μ—«Õ¬à“ß·∫∫‡©æ“–‡®“–®ß §◊ÕºŸâ∫√‘À“√·≈–ºŸâªØ‘∫—μ‘ß“π ¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ¢Õß‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈ Òı §π ·≈–ºŸâ„™â∫√‘°“√ Ò §π, ‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‚¥¬°“√ —¡¿“…≥åºŸâ∫√‘À“√·≈–ºŸâªØ‘∫—μ‘ß“π ·≈–„™â·∫∫ ”√«®§«“¡æÕ„®¢ÕßºŸâ„™â∫√‘°“√, «‡§√“–À‘ å¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈°“√ ¡¿“…≥— ‡™å ‘ß‡πÕÀ“◊È ·≈–«‡§√“–À‘ å¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈§«“¡æÕ„®‡™ßª√‘ ¡“≥‘ ∂‘μ‘ ®“°§à“‡©≈’Ë¬ ·≈–§à“‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π¡“μ√∞“π . º≈°“√»°…“÷ ª√“°Ø«“ªà ®®í ¬À≈— °∑— ’Ë àßº≈ ”‡√®„π°“√∫√Á °“√¥‘ “π°“√·æ∑¬â ∑“ß‡≈å Õ°◊ ¢Õß‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¥”‡ππ –¥«°‘ ®—ßÀ«—¥√“™∫ÿ√’ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ¿“«–ºÒ. Ÿâπ”∑’Ë¡’«‘ —¬∑—»πå„π°“√ª√—∫°√–∫«π∑—»πå ”À√—∫°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈–„™âπ‚¬∫“¬ °“√∫√‘À“√·∫∫‰¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√, Ú. √Ÿª·∫∫°“√∫√‘À“√®—¥°“√ ‚¥¬°“√ √â“ß∑’¡ß“π∑’Ë¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ ·≈–°“√°”Àπ¥√Ÿª ·∫∫°“√∫√‘°“√Õ¬à“ß‡ªìπ√–∫∫, Û. §«“¡æ√âÕ¡„π‡√◊ËÕß ∂“π∑’Ëÿ ∫§≈“°√ ·≈–ß∫ª√–¡“≥, ·≈– Ù. ¿“æ°“√‡ªìπ·À≈àß ∑àÕß‡∑’Ë¬«. à«πªí®®—¬√Õß∑’Ë àßº≈ ”‡√Á® ‰¥â·°à Ò. °“√ π—∫ πÿπß∫ª√–¡“≥®“° à«π°≈“ß·≈– à«π¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§, Ú. °“√¡’π‚¬∫“¬∑’Ë ™—¥‡®π·≈–μàÕ‡π◊ËÕß „π°“√™—°π”·≈–æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°‡¢â“ Ÿà ∂“π∫√‘°“√ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß√—∞ , Û. °“√ª√–™“ —¡æ—π∏å ·≈–°“√μ≈“¥, Ù. °“√¡’π—°∫√‘À“√¡◊ÕÕ“™’æ ‡¢â“¡“∫√‘À“√¥â“π∏ÿ√°‘®. §” ”§—≠ : ªí®®—¬§«“¡ ”‡√Á®, °“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°, ∂“π∫√‘°“√¢Õß√—∞, ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¥”‡π‘π –¥«°

ªí≠À“ √«¡∂÷ßÕÿ∫—μ‘°“√‚√§‡ÕÁ™‰Õ«’ ·≈–‚√§μ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕÕ◊Ëπ Ê ¥â«¬. ‚√§ ®“° ¿“æ —ß§¡∑’Ë‡ª≈’Ë¬π‰ª‰¥â∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥ªí≠À“¥â“π ‡À≈à“π’È®–°àÕªí≠À“μàÕ§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬∑—Èß¥â“π‡»√…∞°‘® æƒμ‘°√√¡ ÿ¢¿“æ ‚¥¬‡©æ“–Õÿ∫—μ‘°“√‚√§‰¡àμ‘¥μàÕ Ÿß¢÷Èπ ‡™àπ·≈– ¿“æ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬·≈–∫ÿ§§≈„π§√Õ∫§√—« ‚√§¡–‡√Áß ‚√§‡∫“À«“π ‚√§À—«„® ‚√§§«“¡¥—π‚≈À‘μ Ÿß ª√–°Õ∫°—∫°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπªí®®ÿ∫—π´÷Ëß‡ªìπ°“√·æ∑¬åÀ≈—°„π —ß§¡‰∑¬ ¬—ß¡’¢âÕ®”°—¥ „π°“√∫”∫—¥√—°…“ ‡æ√“–√–∫∫°“√ * ∂“∫—π°“√·æ∑¬å‰∑¬-®’π ‡Õ‡™’¬μ–«—πÕÕ°‡©’¬ß„μâ, °√¡æ—≤π“- °“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°, °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢, ·æ∑¬å·ºπªí®®ÿ∫—π‡πâπ∑’Ë°“√√—°…“‚√§¡“°°«à“°“√√—°…“§π ππ∑∫ÿ√’ ÒÒ ·≈–„™â “√‡§¡’ —ß‡§√“–Àå·∑√°·´ß°≈«‘∏“π°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß

ˆÚ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ˆÛ

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°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈°“√ —¡¿“…≥å‡™‘ß≈÷° „™â°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå‡™‘ß ∑’¡ß“π∑’Ë¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ °Á‰¡à “¡“√∂ªØ‘∫—μ‘°“√„Àâ≈ÿ≈à«ß‰¥â ‡π◊ÈÕÀ“. °“√«‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈§«“¡æÕ„® „™â«‘∏’ ∂‘μ‘‡™‘ßª√‘¡“≥ ‡æ√“–©–π—Èπ„π°“√æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ≈ß Ÿà ∂“π · ¥ß §à“‡©≈’Ë¬ ·≈–§à“‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π¡“μ√∞“π. ∫√‘°“√π—Èπ ∑“ßÀπà«¬ß“π à«π°≈“ß®–μâÕß‰¡à¡Õß¢â“¡‡√◊ËÕß Õ—μ√“°”≈—ß ·≈–°“√æ—≤π“∫ÿ§≈“°√‚¥¬‡©æ“–„π à«π¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§ º≈°“√»÷°…“ ¥â«¬; Û. °“√‡ªìπ·À≈àß∑àÕß‡∑’Ë¬« ‡ªìπªí®®—¬À≈—°∑’Ë ”§—≠ ªí®®—¬À≈—° ∑’Ë àßº≈ ”‡√Á®¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°¢Õß ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√‡ªìπ·À≈àß∑àÕß‡∑’Ë¬« “¡“√∂π”¡“™à«¬ π—∫ πÿπ ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¥”‡π‘π –¥«° ‰¥â·°à Ò. ¿“«–°“√‡ªìπºŸâπ” ∑’Ë¡’ „π√Ÿª·∫∫¢Õß∑—«√å ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈–‚ª√·°√¡ ÿ¢¿“æÕ◊Ëπ Ê Õ’° π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ ·≈–«‘ —¬∑—»πå„π°“√ª√—∫‡ª≈’Ë¬π°√–∫«π ¡“°¡“¬; Ù. §«“¡æ√âÕ¡¢Õß ∂“π∑’Ë ·≈–°“√∫√‘À“√®—¥°“√ °Á ∑—»πå„π°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ, Ú. √Ÿª·∫∫°“√∫√‘À“√®—¥°“√ ∑’Ë ‡ªìπÕ’°ªí®®—¬Àπ÷Ëß∑’Ë™à«¬ π—∫ ππ„Àâ§«“¡æÕ„®·°àºÿ Ÿâ¡“√—∫∫√‘°“√ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬∑’¡ß“π∑’Ë¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ ·≈–¡’§«“¡‡¢â¡·¢ÁßÕ¥∑π, ·≈– àßº≈„Àâ°“√¥”‡π‘π∫√‘°“√¬—Ëß¬◊πμàÕ‰ª. à«πªí®®—¬Õ◊Ëπ Ê Û. °“√°”Àπ¥√Ÿª·∫∫°“√∫√‘°“√Õ¬à“ß‡ªìπ√–∫∫ ´÷Ëß‡ªìπ ‡™àπ °“√¡’π‚¬∫“¬„π°“√æ—≤π“ß“π¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªí®®—¬∑’Ë àßº≈ ”‡√Á®„π°“√®—¥∫√‘°“√¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥‚¥¬‡©æ“–°“√ Õ¬à“ßμàÕ‡π◊ËÕß®“°∑—Èß à«π°≈“ß ·≈– à«π¿Ÿ¡‘¿“§ ·≈–°“√¡’¡◊Õ ®—¥∑—«√å ÿ¢¿“æ, Ù. §«“¡æ√âÕ¡¢Õß ∂“π∫√‘°“√„π‡√◊ËÕß ∂“π Õ“™’æ‡¢â“¡“∫√‘À“√®—¥°“√„π‡™‘ß∏ÿ√°‘®π—Èπ ºŸâ»÷°…“‡™◊ËÕ«à“À“°¡’ ∑’Ë, °“√¡’∫ÿ§≈“°√ ·≈–ß∫ª√–¡“≥∑’Ë‡æ’¬ßæÕ, ·≈– ı. °“√Õ¬Ÿà °“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“° à«π°≈“ß„π°“√π”∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å „π·À≈àß∑àÕß‡∑’Ë¬« ∑’Ë¡’μ≈“¥πÈ”¥”‡π‘π –¥«° ‡ªìπÀ≈—° ”§—≠ ·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°‡¢â“ Ÿà∫√‘°“√¢Õß√—∞„Àâ‡ªìπ√Ÿª √Õß≈ß¡“§◊Õæ‘æ‘∏¿—≥±åÀÿàπ¢’Èº÷Èß ·≈–°“√≈ß‡√◊Õ™¡À‘ËßÀâÕ¬. ∏√√¡Õ¬à“ß¬—Ëß¬◊π °Á®–‡ªìπª√–‚¬™πå„π¥â“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ·≈– ªí®®—¬ π—∫ πÿπ ∑’Ë àßº≈ ”‡√Á®„π°“√¥”‡π‘π∫√‘°“√°“√ ™à«¬≈¥ß∫ª√–¡“≥§à“‡«™¿—≥±å®“°μà“ßª√–‡∑»¥â«¬. ·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°¢Õß‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¥”‡π‘π –¥«° ·≈– “¡“√∂ ®—¥∫√‘°“√‰¥âÕ¬à“ß¬—Ëß¬◊π ‰¥â·°à Ò. §«“¡æÕ„®¢ÕßºŸâ„™â∫√‘°“√, Ú. π‚¬∫“¬ªØ‘∫—μ‘∑’Ë™—¥‡®π·≈–μàÕ‡π◊ËÕß®“° à«π°≈“ß„π°“√ ‡Õ° “√ª√–°Õ∫°“√‡√’¬∫‡√’¬ß π—∫ πÿπ·≈– àß‡ √‘¡°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°‡ªìπ∫√‘°“√¢Õß√—∞, Ò. °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√ Û. °“√ª√–™“ —¡æ—π∏å ·≈–°“√μ≈“¥, Ù. °“√¡’¡◊ÕÕ“™’æ‡¢â“ ·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢. º≈°“√»÷°…“°“√®—¥∫√‘°“√ ¡“∫√‘À“√®—¥°“√ß“π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ·≈– °“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß °“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°¢Õß ∂“π∫√‘°“√ ÿ¢¿“æ„πª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ ÚıÙˆ (‰¡à·®âß∑’Ëæ‘¡æå). ‡≈◊Õ°„π‡™‘ß∏ÿ√°‘®. Ú. ∑Õß„∫ ÿ¥™“√’. ¿“«–ºŸâπ”·≈–°“√®Ÿß„®. æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë Ú. Õÿ∫≈√“™∏“π’ : ‚√ßæ‘¡æå§≥–«‘∑¬“°“√®—¥°“√ ∂“∫—π√“™¿—ØÕÿ∫≈√“™∏“π’; ÚıÙÛ. √ÿª·≈–«‘®“√≥å Û. ∫—«μ—Îπ ‡∏’¬√Õ“√¡≥å. §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å‡°◊ÈÕ°Ÿ≈¢Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°: »÷°…“„π°≈ÿà¡°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°¢ÕßÕ”‡¿Õ‡¡◊Õß ‡™’¬ß„À¡à. ®“°º≈°“√»÷°…“ √ÿª‰¥â«à“ªí®®—¬∑’Ë àßº≈ ”‡√Á®„π°“√ «‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏åª√‘≠≠“¥ÿ…Æ’∫—≥±‘μ “¢“ —ß§¡»“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬å·≈– “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ §≥– —ß§¡»“ μ√å·≈–¡πÿ…¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ ∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°„π ∂“π∫√‘°“√¢Õß√—∞¢÷ÈπÕ¬Ÿà°—∫ ÚıÙ¯. Ò. ¿“«–ºŸâπ” ¢ÕßºŸâ∫√‘À“√ ∂“π∫√‘°“√π—Èπ¡’§«“¡ ”§—≠¡“° Ù. ∫ÿ≠∏√√¡ °‘®ª√’¥“∫√‘ ÿ∑∏‘Ï. ‡∑§π‘§°“√ √â“ß‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ”À√—∫°“√«‘®—¬. æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë ˆ. °√ÿß‡∑æ¡À“π§√ : ‚√ßæ‘¡æå®“¡®ÿ√’ μàÕ°“√¥”‡π‘π∫√‘°“√ ‡æ√“–μâÕß‡ªìπºŸâ∑’Ë¡’«‘ —¬∑—»πå„π°“√ ‚ª√¥—°∑å; ÚıÙ˘. °”Àπ¥π‚¬∫“¬ ·≈–ª√—∫°√–∫«π∑—»πå„π°“√π”°“√·æ∑¬å ı. ª√–‡«» «– ’. ∑ƒ…Æ’„À¡à∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å. «“√ “√À¡ÕÕπ“¡—¬ ÚıÙ˜; ∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°‡¢â“¡“º ¡º “π∫√‘°“√ ·≈–§Õ¬°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈ √«¡∑—Èß ÒÙ:ˆ-Ò˘. ˆ. √«¡æ√ π“§–æß»å. °“√ ”√«®§«“¡√Ÿâ·≈–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ„π°“√‡≈◊Õ° º≈—°¥—π·≈– π—∫ πÿπ¥â“πμà“ß Ê ®πª√– ∫º≈ ”‡√Á® ¥—ßπ—Èπ „™â∫√‘°“√°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°¢Õß∫ÿ§≈“°√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ æ.». ÚıÙı. „π°“√æ—≤π“ß“π¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°≈ß Ÿà ∂“π∫√‘°“√„π ”π—°‚√§‰¡àμ‘¥μàÕ °√¡§«∫§ÿ¡‚√§ °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢; ÚıÙı. ˜. ¬ß»—°¥‘Ï μ—πμ‘ªîÆ°, ªí∑¡“«¥’ ° ‘°√√¡, √ÿ®‘π“∂ Õ√√∂ ‘…∞, ‚Õ¿“ ¿“§√—∞ ®–μâÕß§”π÷ß∂÷ß§«“¡æ√âÕ¡„π‡√◊ËÕß¿“«–ºŸâπ” ‡ªìπÀ≈—°; ‡™…∞“°ÿ≈, ª“√≥—∞ ÿ¢ ‘∑∏‘Ï. √“¬ß“π°“√ —ß‡§√“–ÀåÕß§å§«“¡√Ÿâ Ÿà°“√ Ú. ∑’¡ß“π∑’Ë¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ ‡ªìπªí®®—¬∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ ”§—≠§«∫§Ÿà‰ª ªØ‘√Ÿª√–∫∫ ÿ¢¿“æ ‡√◊ËÕß°“√æ—≤π“√–∫∫ ÿ¢¿“æ∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°„π√–∫∫ ÿ¢¿“æ‰∑¬. ∂“∫—π«‘®—¬√–∫∫ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢; °—∫¿“«–ºŸâπ” ‡æ√“–∂÷ß·¡â®–¡’ºŸâπ”∑’Ë¡’«‘ —¬∑—»πå ·μà∂â“‰¡à¡’ ÚıÙÛ. Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ˆı

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Abstract

Essential Factors in the Successful Management of an Alternative Medicine Service in the Damnoernsaduak Hospital, Ratchaburi Province Boonjai Limsila The Southeast Asian Thai-Chinese Medical Institute, Department for Development of Thai Traditional and Alterna- tive Medicine, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that confer success on alternative medicine services. Methodology: The study was carried out in the period from December 2005 to May 2006 to obtain information from 15 executives and personnel, and 100 patients treated on aspects of: (1) leadership, (2) administration, i.e., teamwork, service provision, and service expense, (3) facility of service, i.e., place, workers, and budget, (4) tourist resources, (5) budget support from central and provincial levels, and (6) client satisfaction. The data were obtained by in-depth interviews of 15 workers and questionnaires of satisfaction from 100 patients. Data analysis was quantitative verification, with mean values and their standard deviations. Results: The study disclosed that the success of alternative medicine services was due principally to: (1) leadership with vision for the improvement of health care according to informal administration policy; (2) the management pattern showing efficient teamwork and systematic service; (3) proper hospital facility, i.e., place, personnel, and financial support; (4) taking the role of being a tourist resource. In addition, the minor factors involved (1) financial support from central and provincial resources; (2) firm and sustained policies to develop and place alternative medicine into government health service; (3) good information and marketing; (4) management by a professional executive. Key words: alternative medicine, achievement factors, Damnoernsaduak Hospital, Ratchaburi Province «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬åå å∑“ß‡≈åå ◊Õ°◊◊ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°ªï∑’Ë ı ©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡-‡¡…“¬π Úıı Vol.ªï∑’Ë ı©∫5 No.—∫∑’Ë 1Ò ¡°√“§¡January-April - ‡¡…“¬π 2007Úıı π‘æπ∏åμâπ©∫—∫ §ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬·ºπ°°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈– °“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈‡®â“æ√–¬“Õ¿—¬¿Ÿ‡∫»√

∫∑§—¥¬àÕ «—μ∂ª√– ß§ÿ :å Ò) »°…“√–¥÷ ∫æƒμ— °√√¡°“√¥‘ ·≈ Ÿ ¢¿“æμπ‡Õßÿ °“√ π∫ π— π∑“ß ÿ ß§¡— ·≈–§≥¿“æ™ÿ ’«‘μ, Ú) »°…“÷ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬ ®”·π°μ“¡ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈, Û) »÷°…“§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ßæƒμ‘°√√¡°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æμπ‡Õß°—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬, Ù) »÷°…“§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß°“√ π—∫ πÿπ∑“ß —ß§¡ °—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ¢Õß ºŸâªÉ«¬·ºπ°°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°. °≈ÿà¡μ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë»÷°…“: ºŸâªÉ«¬πÕ°∑’Ëμ√«®√—°…“∑’Ë·ºπ°°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈ ‡®â“æ√–¬“Õ¿—¬¿Ÿ‡∫»√ ®—ßÀ«—¥ª√“®’π∫ÿ√’ ®”π«π Ú¯ §π; „™â ·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ «‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‚¥¬„™â‚ª√·°√¡ ”‡√Á®√Ÿª §Õ¡æ‘«‡μÕ√å; §à“ ∂‘μ‘§◊Õ §à“√âÕ¬≈– §à“‡©≈’Ë¬ §à“‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π¡“μ√∞“π §à“°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ t-test, §à“§«“¡ ·ª√ª√«π∑“ß‡¥’¬« F-test, °“√∑¥ Õ∫§«“¡·μ°μà“ß√“¬§Ÿà‚¥¬«‘∏’ LSD, ·≈–§à“ —¡ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï À —¡æ—π∏å‡æ’¬√å —π; °”Àπ¥π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ .ı ·≈– .Ò. º≈°“√»÷°…“: Ò) ºŸâªÉ«¬¡’æƒμ‘°√√¡°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æμπ‡ÕßÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ Ÿß, °“√ π—∫ πÿπ∑“ß —ß§¡Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ª“π °≈“ß, ·≈–¡’§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ Ÿß; Ú) ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë‡æ» Õ“¬ÿ √“¬‰¥â‡©≈’Ë¬μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ¢Õß§√Õ∫§√—« Õ“™’æ °≈ÿà¡Õ“°“√‚√§ ∑’Ë‡¢“√â ∫°“√√— °…“·μ°μ— “ß°à π— ¡’§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ‰¡·μ°μà “ß°à π,— ·μàºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡’√–¥∫°“√»— °…“·≈–√–¬–‡«≈“°“√‡®÷ ∫ªÁ «¬·μ°μÉ “ß°à —π ¡’§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ·μ°μà“ß°—πÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ .ı; Û) æƒμ‘°√√¡°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æμπ‡Õß¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å ‡™‘ß∫«°°—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ .Ò; Ù) °“√ π—∫ πÿπ∑“ß —ß§¡¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑“ß∫«°°—∫ §ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ .Ò. §” ”§—≠ : ºŸâªÉ«¬, §ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ, °“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°, ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈‡®â“æ√–¬“Õ¿—¬¿Ÿ‡∫»√

¿Ÿ¡‘À≈—ß·≈–‡Àμÿº≈ ·ºπ‰∑¬¡“‡ªìπ°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°„π ∂“π∫√‘°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ¢Õß√—∞·≈–‡Õ°™π¡“°¢÷Èπ „π√Ÿª·∫∫°“√√—°…“º ¡º “π°—∫ °“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ °“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π ‡§¬‡ªìπ√–∫∫°“√ °“√·æ∑¬å·ºπªí®®ÿ∫—π À√◊Õ°“√√—°…“·∫∫°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ∑’Ë‡ªìπ°√–· À≈—°¢Õß —ß§¡‰∑¬ μàÕ¡“‰¥â‡ ◊ËÕ¡ ‚¥¬‡©æ“–Ò. °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ¢‰¥â°”Àπ¥°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ÿ §«“¡π‘¬¡≈ß·≈–∂Ÿ°≈–‡≈¬‰ª. ·μà„π ∂“π°“√≥åªí®®ÿ∫—π ‡ªìπ°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°Àπ÷Ëß „π°“√¥Ÿ·≈ √—°…“·≈– àß‡ √‘¡ °√–· §«“¡§‘¥°“√øóôπø ¡Ÿ π‰æ√„π√–∫∫°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ÿ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õßª√–™“™π‰∑¬ ‡ªìπÀπ÷Ëß„π‡ªÑ“À¡“¬À≈—°¢Õß°“√ °”≈—ß‰¥â√—∫°“√¢“π√—∫Õ¬à“ß°«â“ß¢«“ß ·≈–‰¥âπ”°“√·æ∑¬å æ—≤π“ ÿ¢¿“æ ´÷Ëß∫√√®ÿ‰«â„π·ºπæ—≤π“ ÿ¢¿“æ·Ààß™“μ‘ ©∫—∫ *¿“§«‘™“®‘μ«‘∑¬“ §≥– —ß§¡»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬‡°…μ√»“ μ√å ∑’Ë ˘ ‚¥¬‡πâπ°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ¡ÿπ‰æ√‰∑¬ ·≈–°“√ ∫“ß‡¢π °√ÿß‡∑æœ Ò˘Û ·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°∑—Èß®“°¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“‰∑¬·≈– “°≈Ú.

ˆˆ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ˆ˜

°“√∑’ËºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë‰¥â√—∫∫√‘°“√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ‰¥âπ”§«“¡ μ—«Õ¬à“ß¥â«¬«‘∏’¢Õß¬“¡“‡πı ·≈â« ÿà¡μ—«Õ¬à“ßÕ¬à“ßßà“¬‚¥¬®—∫ √Ÿâ‡√◊ËÕß°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬‰ª„™âª√–‚¬™πå„π°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ √“¬™◊ËÕºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë‡¢â“√—∫°“√√—°…“·∫∫ºŸâªÉ«¬πÕ° ∑’Ë·ºπ°°“√ ¢Õßμπ‡Õß·≈–∫ÿ§§≈√Õ∫¢â“ß ‡æ◊ËÕ¬°√–¥—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ„Àâ¥’ ·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°‰¥â°≈ÿà¡μ—«Õ¬à“ß Ú¯ ¢÷Èππ—Èπ πÕ°®“°¢÷ÈπÕ¬Ÿà°—∫æƒμ‘°√√¡°“√¥·≈ Ÿ ¢¿“æμπ‡Õß·≈â«ÿ §π ‚¥¬∑”°“√√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¥â«¬·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡∑’Ë¡’°“√μ√«® ¬—ß¢÷ÈπÕ¬Ÿà°—∫°√–∫«π°“√∑“ß —ß§¡·≈–°“√ π—∫ ππ∑“ß —ß§¡ÿ Õ∫§«“¡‡∑’Ë¬ßμ“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀ“ ·≈–°“√μ√«® Õ∫§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ¡—Ëπ §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑“ß —ß§¡∑’Ë¥’ ·≈–°“√∑’Ë∫ÿ§§≈¡’·√ß π—∫ πÿπ ‚¥¬∑¥ Õ∫°—∫°≈ÿà¡μ—«Õ¬à“ß®”π«π Û §π ·≈–π”¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë ∑“ß —ß§¡ àßº≈μàÕ ÿ¢¿“æ„πÀ≈“¬∑“ß∑—Èß„π¥â“π√à“ß°“¬·≈– ‰¥â¡“§”π«≥§«“¡πà“‡™◊ËÕ∂◊Õ ¥â«¬«‘∏’¢Õß‡æ’¬√å —π ·≈–À“§à“ ®‘μ„®. ·√ß π—∫ πÿπ∑“ß —ß§¡„π√Ÿª·∫∫μà“ß Ê π’È àßº≈μàÕ —¡ª√– ‘∑∏‘ÏÕ—≈øÉ“μ“¡«‘∏’¢Õß§√Õπ∫—§ ·≈–¥”‡π‘π°“√·®° √–∫∫¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π„π√à“ß°“¬ μ≈Õ¥®π°“√≈¥§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß∑“ß ·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡¥â«¬μπ‡Õß ‡¡◊ËÕ‰¥â·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡°≈—∫§◊π ®÷ßπ” ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ´÷Ëß°“√‡æ‘Ë¡¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—π·≈–≈¥§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß∑“ß·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡¡“«‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‚¥¬„™â‚ª√·°√¡ ”‡√Á®√Ÿª ÿ¢¿“æ®–∑”„Àâ§«“¡°¥¥—π¿“¬„π®‘μ„®À¡¥‰ª‰¥âÛ ºŸâªÉ«¬®– §Õ¡æ‘«‡μÕ√å ‘∂‘μ‘∑’Ë„™â§◊Õ §à“√âÕ¬≈– §à“‡©≈’Ë¬ §à“‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π √Ÿâ ÷°æ÷ßæÕ„®„π™’«‘μ´÷Ëß‡ªìπμ—«∫àß™’ÈÕ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß¢Õß§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ. ¡“μ√∞“π ·≈–«‘‡§√“–Àå∂¥∂Õ¬æÀÿ§Ÿ≥·∫∫¢—ÈπμÕπ ‚¥¬ ¥â«¬¿Ÿ¡‘À≈—ß·≈–‡Àμÿº≈∑’Ë°≈à“«¢â“ßμâπ ºŸâ«‘®—¬®÷ß π„®∑’Ë °”Àπ¥π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ .ı. ®–»÷°…“§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡“√—∫∫√‘°“√∑’Ë·ºπ°°“√ ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ: ·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡∑’ËºŸâ«‘®—¬ √â“ß¢÷Èπ ¡’‡π◊ÈÕÀ“ ·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ‡æ◊ËÕ∑√“∫·π«∑“ß„π §√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡μ“¡°√Õ∫·π«§‘¥·≈–«—μ∂ÿª√– ß§å¢Õß°“√«‘®—¬ °“√æ—≤π“§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬„Àâ¡’°“√‡ª≈’Ë¬π·ª≈ß„π∑“ß ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ §”∂“¡‡°’Ë¬«°—∫ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ æƒμ‘°√√¡ ∑’Ë¥’¢÷Èπ ´÷Ëß‡ªìπ‡ªÑ“À¡“¬∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ß¢Õß°“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√∑“ß ÿ¢¿“æ °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æμπ‡Õß °“√ π—∫ πÿπ∑“ß —ß§¡ ·≈–§ÿ≥¿“æ „πÕπ“§μμàÕ‰ª. ™’«‘μ¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬. «—μ∂ÿª√– ß§å¢Õß°“√«‘®—¬ º≈°“√»÷°…“ Ò. ‡æ◊ËÕ»÷°…“√–¥—∫æƒμ‘°√√¡°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æμπ‡Õß ºŸâªÉ«¬‡ªìπÀ≠‘ß Ò˘˜ §π (√âÕ¬≈– ˜.Ù), ‡ªìπ™“¬ ¯Û √–¥—∫°“√ π—∫ ππ∑“ß —ß§¡ÿ ·≈–√–¥—∫§≥¿“æ™’«‘μ¢Õßºÿ ŸâªÉ«¬. §π (√âÕ¬≈– Ú˘.ˆ), ‚¥¬ à«π„À≠à¡’Õ“¬ÿ ÙÒ - ı ªï §‘¥‡ªìπ Ú. ‡æ◊ËÕ»÷°…“‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬ √âÕ¬≈– Ú˜.Ò, √âÕ¬≈– ÙÛ.Ú ®∫°“√»÷°…“√–¥—∫ª√‘≠≠“μ√’, ®”·π°μ“¡ªí®®—¬ à«π∫ÿ§§≈. √âÕ¬≈– Úˆ. Ù §√Õ∫§√—«¡’√“¬‰¥â‡©≈’Ë¬μàÕ‡¥◊Õπ Ò,Ò - Û. ‡æ◊ËÕ»÷°…“§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ßæƒμ‘°√√¡°“√¥Ÿ·≈ Ú, ∫“∑, √âÕ¬≈– Û¯.˘ ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ‡ªìπæπ—°ß“π ÿ¢¿“æμπ‡Õß°—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬. À√◊Õ¢â“√“™°“√¢Õß√—∞, ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë‡¢â“√—∫°“√√—°…“ à«π„À≠à¡’ Ù. ‡æ◊ËÕ»÷°…“§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß°“√ π—∫ πÿπ∑“ß Õ“°“√‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‰À≈à À≈—ß ‡Õ«À√◊Õ –‚æ° §‘¥‡ªìπ —ß§¡ °—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ. √âÕ¬≈– ıÙ.Û, √–¬–‡«≈“°“√‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬μ—Èß·μà Ò «—π - Ò ªï §‘¥ ‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– ı¯.Ú, √–¬–‡«≈“°“√√—°…“ Ò «—π - Ò ªï §‘¥‡ªìπ √–‡∫’¬∫«‘∏’«‘®—¬ √âÕ¬≈– ˜Ú.˘, ·≈–¡’°“√√—°…“¥â«¬·æ∑¬å·ºπªí®®∫—π√à«¡¥â«¬ÿ ª√–™“°√°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬: ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë‡¢â“√—∫°“√√—°…“·∫∫ºŸâ- √âÕ¬≈– ˆ. πÕ°®“°π—Èπ√—°…“¥â«¬·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬Õ¬à“ß ªÉ«¬πÕ° ∑’Ë·ºπ°°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ‡¥’¬«√âÕ¬≈– Ù.. ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈‡®â“æ√–¬“Õ¿—¬¿‡∫»√Ÿ „π‡¥◊Õπ°¡¿“æ—π∏åÿ ‡π◊ËÕß®“° ºŸâªÉ«¬¡’æƒμ‘°√√¡°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æμπ‡Õß‚¥¬√«¡Õ¬Ÿà„π ‡ªìπ‡¥◊Õπ∑’Ë¡’®”π«πºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë‡¢â“√—∫¥â«¬°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬¡“° √–¥—∫ Ÿß (Û.Û ± .ÙÛ) ‚¥¬æ∫«à“¡’æƒμ‘°√√¡°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ‚¥¬¡’ºŸâªÉ«¬‡¢â“√—∫°“√√—°…“ ˘Ûı §π ®“°∞“π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ªïß∫- ÿ¢¿“æμπ‡Õß¥â“π°“√¥Ÿ·≈μπ‡Õß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ªÕ¬Ÿà„π ª√–¡“≥ ÚıÙ˘ ¢Õß·ºπ°°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√ √–¥—∫ ßŸ (Û.ˆ ± .ˆÙ) ·≈–°“√¥·≈μπ‡Õß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ‡¡◊ËÕ¡’¿“«–Ÿ Ù ·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° . ®“°¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¥—ß°≈à“«‰¥â§”π«≥À“¢π“¥°≈ÿà¡ ‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π∑“ß¥â“π ¢¿“æÿ Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ ßŸ (Û.ÒÙ ± .ıˆ), à«π ˆ¯ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

¥â“π°“√¥Ÿ·≈μπ‡Õß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπμ“¡√–¬–æ—≤π“°“√ Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ º≈°“√«‘®—¬æ∫«à“ ºŸâªÉ«¬·ºπ°°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈– ª“π°≈“ß (Ú.˘ ± .ıı). °“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°®”·π°μ“¡√–¥—∫°“√»÷°…“ ·≈–√–¬–‡«≈“ ºŸâªÉ«¬¡’°“√ π—∫ πÿπ∑“ß —ß§¡‚¥¬√«¡Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ª“π °“√‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬μà“ß°—π¡’§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ·μ°μà“ß°—πÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ °≈“ß (Ú.˘¯ ± .Ùı) ‚¥¬æ∫°“√ π—∫ ππ∑“ß —ß§¡¥â“π«—μ∂ÿ ÿ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘∑’Ë .ı. à«πºŸâªÉ«¬·ºπ°°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ‘Ëß¢ÕßÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß (Û. ± .ˆÙ), ¥â“π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« ·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°∑’Ë¡’ªí®®—¬¥â“π‡æ» Õ“¬ÿ √“¬‰¥â‡©≈’Ë¬ “√Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß (Ú.¯Ù ± .ıˆ), à«π¥â“πÕ“√¡≥å ¢Õß§√Õ∫§√—« Õ“™’æ °≈ÿà¡Õ“°“√¢Õß‚√§∑’Ë‡¢â“√—∫°“√√—°…“ ·≈– —ß§¡Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ Ÿß (Û.ÒÒ ± .Ùı). √–¬–‡«≈“°“√√—°…“¥â«¬°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ √Ÿª·∫∫°“√√—°…“ ºŸâªÉ«¬¡’§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ‚¥¬√«¡Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ Ÿß (Û.Ò˜ ± μà“ß°—π ¡’§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ‰¡à·μ°μà“ß°—π. .Û˜) ‚¥¬æ∫«à“ºŸâªÉ«¬¡’§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ¥â“π√à“ß°“¬ (Û.Ò± æƒμ‘°√√¡°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æμπ‡Õß¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ .Ù¯), ¥â“π®‘μ„® (Û.ÚÛ ± .Ùˆ), ¥â“π§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å∑“ß —ß§¡ §ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬ ¥—ß· ¥ß„πμ“√“ß∑’Ë Ò ‚¥¬æ∫«à“ (Û.ÚÙ ± .Ù), ·≈–§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ (Û.ÒÒ± æƒμ‘°√√¡°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æμπ‡Õß‚¥¬√«¡·≈–√“¬¥â“π (¥â“π .Ù˜) Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ Ÿß∑—ÈßÀ¡¥. °“√¥Ÿ·≈μπ‡Õß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª ¥â“π°“√¥Ÿ·≈μπ‡Õß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ

μ“√“ß∑’Ë Ò · ¥ß§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å¢Õßæƒμ‘°√√¡°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ°—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬ §ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ æƒμ‘°√√¡°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ¥â“π√à“ß°“¬ ¥â“π®‘μ„® ¥â“π§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å ¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‚¥¬√«¡ ÿ¢¿“æμπ‡Õß ∑“ß —ß§¡ rprp rp rp rp ¥â“π°“√¥Ÿ·≈μπ‡Õß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª .Ú˜Û** . .ÚÛ** .Ò .Ò˘ı** .Ò .ÛÒ** . .ÛÚ** . ¥â“π°“√¥Ÿ·≈μπ‡Õß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπμ“¡√–¬– .ÚÒ** .Ò .ÚÛ˜** . .ÚÙÚ** . .ÚÙÒ** . .Ú¯Û** . æ—≤π“°“√ ¥â“π°“√¥Ÿ·≈μπ‡Õß∑’Ë®”‡ªìπ‡¡◊ËÕ¡’ .˘ .ÒÛÚ .ÒÙı* .Òı .Ò¯Ú** .Ú .ÚÚ¯** . .Ò˘˜** .Ò ¿“«–‡∫’Ë¬ß‡∫π∑“ß¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ ‚¥¬√«¡ .ÚÚı** . .ÚÛ˘** . .Úıı** . .ÛÒÛ** . .ÛÒ¯** . *¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ .ı **¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ .Ò

μ“√“ß∑’Ë Ú · ¥ß§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å¢Õß°“√ π—∫ πÿπ∑“ß —ß§¡°—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬ §ÿ≥¿“æ™’«‘μ °“√ π—∫ πÿπ¥â“π√à“ß°“¬ ¥â“π®‘μ„® ¥â“π§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å ¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‚¥¬√«¡ ∑“ß —ß§¡ ∑“ß —ß§¡ rprp rp rp rp ¥â“π«—μ∂ÿ ‘Ëß¢Õß .Ò˘˘** . .ÚÒ¯** . .Ú˘Û** . .Ûı** . .ÛÒ** . ¥â“π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ .ÚÒ** . .ÚˆÚ** . .ÚıÙ** . .Û¯** . .ÛÛ¯** . ¥â“πÕ“√¡≥å·≈– —ß§¡ .Û¯˜** . .Ù˘Ú** . .ıÚ** . .ıÒ** . .ı¯Ú** . ‚¥¬√«¡ .Û˜** . .Û˜˜** . .ÙÒ¯** . .Ù˜** . .Ù¯Ú** .

**¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ .Ò Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ˆ˘

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Abstract Quality of Life of Patients Attending Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine Department at Chao Phya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital Phanthita Chalermphanaphan, Theerapat Wongkumsin Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10903

Purposes of study: (1) to assess the level of self-care behavior, social support, and quality of life of patients, (2) to compare patients’ quality of life according to personal factors, (3) to study the relationship between self-care behavior and quality of life of patients, (4) to study the relationship between social support and quality of life of patients attending Thai traditional and alternative medicine services. Materials and Methods: Subjects were consisted of 280 out-patients attending the Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine Department at Chao Phya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital, Prachinburi province. Data collected using questionnaires were analyzed by using a computer program package. Statistical procedures included t-test, one-way ANOVA, multiple comparison (LSD) and Pearson’s Coefficient. Statistical significance was set at 0.05 and 0.01. Results: (1) the self-care behavior of patients was at a high level, the social support of patients was at a moderate level and the quality of life of patients was also high; (2) patients with different profiles, such as sex, age, average family income, occupation, symptoms, treatment period, and treatment mode, disclosed no difference in quality of life, while patients with different levels of education and duration of sickness had a different quality of life (statistical significance at 0.05); (3) self-care behaviors were positively correlated with the quality of life at 0.01; and (4) social support was correlated to the quality of life at 0.01. Key words: quality of life, Thai traditional and alternative medicine, Chao Phya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬åå å∑“ß‡≈åå ◊Õ°◊◊ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°ªï∑’Ë ı ©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡-‡¡…“¬π Úıı Vol.ªï∑’Ë ı©∫5 No.—∫∑’Ë 1Ò ¡°√“§¡January-April - ‡¡…“¬π 2007Úıı ª°‘≥°– °√≥’πÈ”√âÕπ·°âÕ“°“√‰Õ

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Õ“°“√‚√§∫“ßÕ¬à“ßÕ“®∫”∫—¥„Àâ∫√√‡∑“·≈–À“¬‰¥â¥â«¬ À“¬„®‰¡à∑—π „ÀâªØ‘∫—μ‘√—°…“¥—ßπ’È «‘∏’ßà“¬ Ê ¥’°«à“°“√∫”∫—¥√—°…“∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å ¡—¬„À¡à∑’Ë´—∫´âÕπ - æ—°ß“π∑°Õ¬à“ßÿ Õ¬Ÿà°—∫∫â“π ·≈–Õ¬Ÿà„πÀâÕß∑’ËÕ∫Õÿàπ ‘Èπ‡ª≈◊Õß ·≈–‰¡àμ√ß‡Àμ,ÿ ´÷Ëß∫àÕ¬§√—Èß∑”„Àâ‚√§¥”‡π‘π¬◊¥‡¬◊ÈÕ. æÕ§«√ ‰¡àÕ“∫πÈ”‡¬Áπ®—¥ Õ¬à“ßπâÕ¬ Ò «—π ‚¥¬ª√– ∫°“√≥å∑’Ë‡ªìπÕ“¬√·æ∑¬å‡«™ªØ‘∫—μ‘¡“π“π°«à“ÿ Ù ªï - «¡‡ ◊ÈÕºâ“„Àâ√à“ß°“¬Õ∫ÕÿàπÕ¬Ÿà‡ ¡Õ «¡∂ÿß‡∑â“ ‰¥âæ∫·≈–√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬‚√§μ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ„π∑“ßÀ“¬„® à«π∫π (¬Õ“√å‰Õ)Ÿ ¥â«¬¬‘Ëß¥’ ®”π«π¡“° ∑’Ë¡’Õ“°“√‰Õμ“¡À≈—ß√–¬–‡©’¬∫æ≈—π¢Õß‚√§ -À¬¥ ÿ∫∫Ÿ À√’Ëÿ À¬¥¥◊Ë¡‡À≈â“ÿ ‰¡à¥◊Ë¡πÈ”Õ—¥≈¡ πÈ”‡¬Áπ ·≈–™“«∫â“π√Ÿâ®—°°—π„π™◊ËÕÀ«—¥≈ß§Õ. - ‰¡à°‘πÕ“À“√√ ®—¥ °‘πÕ“À“√ÕàÕπ ‡™àπ ¢â“«μâ¡ ‚√§μ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ‰«√— „π∑“ßÀ“¬„® à«π∫π ‡™àπ ‚√§À«—¥ √âÕπ Ê ‰¢âÀ«—¥ ‰¢âÀ«—¥„À≠à ‡°◊Õ∫∑ÿ°√“¬®–¡’Õ“°“√Õ—°‡ ∫‡®Á∫§Õ -À¬ÿ¥„™â¬“μâ“π·∫§∑’‡√’¬ ‰¡à„™â¬“Õ¡√ À«“π∑’Ë¡’ √à«¡¥â«¬‰¡à¡“°°ÁπâÕ¬. ºŸâªÉ«¬ à«π„À≠à‡¡◊ËÕÕ“°“√∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õß “√μâ“π®ÿ≈™’æ ‰¡à„™â¬“·°â‰Õ∑’Ë¡’ “√≈–≈“¬‡ ¡À– + “√ƒ∑∏‘Ï √–¬–‡©’¬∫-æ≈—π∑ÿ‡≈“·≈â« °Á¡—°‡°‘¥Õ“°“√‰Õ. √“¬∑’Ë‡ªìπ √–ß—∫‰Õ (+ “√μâ“πŒ‘ μ“¡’π ∑’Ë∑”„Àâ‡¬◊ËÕ∫ÿ∑“ßÀ“¬„®·Àâß). √ÿπ·√ß®–‰Õ‡°◊Õ∫μ≈Õ¥‡«≈“‡ªìπ™ÿ¥ ∂’Ë¡“°„π™à«ß°≈“ß§◊π - ‡©æ“–„π«—π·√° Õ“®„Àâ¬“√–ß—∫ª√– “∑ÕàÕπ Ê ∑”„ÀâπÕπ‰¡àÀ≈—∫ μâÕßμ◊Ëπ≈ÿ°¢÷Èππ—Ëß‰Õ∫àÕ¬ Ê. Õ“°“√‰Õπ’È ¬“·°âª«¥»’√…– ·≈–‡æ√Á¥π‘‚´‚≈π ‡°‘¥®“°°“√√–§“¬‡¬◊ËÕ∫ÿ„π§Õ ¡—°‰¡à¡’‡ ¡À–À√◊Õ¡’‡ ¡À–¡Ÿ° - à«π°“√√—°…“∑’Ë ”§—≠ ∑’Ë™à«¬∑ÿ‡≈“Õ“°“√‰ÕÕ¬à“ß ‡Àπ’¬«πâÕ¬¡“°. Õ“°“√π’È·¡â‡ªìπÕ“°“√μ“¡√–¬–‚√§‡Õß ·μà √«¥‡√Á« §◊Õ®‘∫πÈ”‡¥◊Õ¥∑’Ë√âÕπ®—¥‡∑à“∑’Ë∑π‰¥â ®–√Ÿâ ÷°§«“¡√âÕπ ¡—°‡ªìπº≈‡ √‘¡§«“¡√ÿπ·√ß®“°‰¥â√—∫°“√√—°…“‰¡à∂Ÿ°μâÕß ‡™àπ ≈«°§Õπ‘¥ Ê ®‘∫∫àÕ¬ Ê ™—Ë«‚¡ß≈– ı - ˆ §√—Èß„π«—π·√° ‰¥â√—∫¬“μâ“π·∫§∑’‡√’¬ ∑’Ë‰¡à®”‡ªìπ √à«¡°—∫¬“ “√‡§¡’À≈“¬™π‘¥. - ‡¡◊ËÕ√Ÿâ ÷°√”§“≠§≈â“¬¡’Õ–‰√μ‘¥Õ¬Ÿà„π§Õ μâÕß‰¡à ∫∑§«“¡π’È ºŸâ‡¢’¬π¢Õ·π–π”«‘∏’∫”∫—¥¿“«–¥—ß°≈à“« ∑’Ë¡’ ¢“° °√–·Õ¡ À√◊Õ‰Õ æ¬“¬“¡°≈—Èπ‰«â·≈â«√’∫®‘∫πÈ”√âÕπ®—¥ Ê ª√– ∫°“√≥å«à“„Àâº≈¥’‡°◊Õ∫∑ÿ°√“¬. ®–√Ÿâ ÷°¥’¢÷Èπ §Õ‚≈àß¢÷Èπ∑—π∑’. ·μà∂â“°≈—Èπ‰Õ‰¡àÕ¬Ÿà„Àâæ¬“¬“¡ ºàÕπ‰Õ‡∫“ Ê. ·ºπ°“√√—°…“ ‚¥¬ª√– ∫°“√≥å¢ÕßºŸâ‡¢’¬π °“√√—°…“μ“¡·ºππ’È‰¥âº≈ °“√√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡’Õ“°“√‰Õ∫àÕ¬¡“° ®π‰¡à‰¥âæ—°ºàÕπ ‡°‘π√âÕ¬≈– ˘. ∫“ß§√—Èßªí “«–√“¥ ·≈–∫“ß√“¬¡’Õ“°“√√π·√ß®“°ÿ tracheo- laryngitis √à«¡¥â«¬ ‡™àπ æŸ¥‡ ’¬ß·À∫·Àâß ‰Õ≈÷° Ê ∂’Ë Ê ®π ‡Õ° “√Õà“πª√–°Õ∫ Ò. ¡™—¬ ∫«√°‘μμ‘. °“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘√—°…“Õ“°“√‰Õ. “√»‘√‘√“™ ÚıÒÚ;ÚÒ: Ú˘ˆ-Û. * ”π—°«‘∑¬“»“ μ√å √“™∫—≥±‘μ¬ ∂“π . Ú. ¡™—¬ ∫«√°‘μμ‘. √’‡ø≈Á°´ °“√‰Õ. “√»‘√‘√“™ ÚıÒÛ;ÚÚ:Òıˆˆ.

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«“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬åå å∑“ß‡≈åå ◊Õ°◊◊ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°°√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° Department of Traditionalªï∑’Ëı©∫ —∫∑’ËandÒ Alternative ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Medicine Úıı ª°‘≥°– æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑å·æ∑¬å·≈–‡¿ —™°√√¡·ºπ‰∑¬ (Ò)

§≥–Õπÿ°√√¡°“√®—¥∑”æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑å·æ∑¬å·≈–‡¿ —™°√√¡·ºπ‰∑¬ „π§≥–°√√¡°“√§ÿâ¡§√Õß·≈– àß‡ √‘¡¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬*1,*2

°√¡æ≤π“°“√·æ∑¬— ·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å ∑“ß‡≈å Õ°◊ ´ß‡ª÷Ë πÀπì «¬ß“π„π à ß°— ¥°√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ — ¢ÿ ∑’Ë√—∫º¥™Õ∫„π°“√‘ ∂à“¬∑Õ¥Õß§å§«“¡√Ÿâ·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ „π√–∫∫∫√‘°“√ ÿ¢¿“æ ‰¥â√à«¡¡◊Õ°—∫ ”π—°«‘∑¬“»“ μ√å √“™∫—≥±‘μ¬ ∂“π ®—¥∑”æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑å·æ∑¬å·≈–‡¿ —™°√√¡·ºπ‰∑¬ ©∫—∫√“™∫—≥±‘μ¬ ∂“π¢÷Èπ ‚¥¬¡’‡ªÑ“À¡“¬∑’Ë ®—¥∑”æ®π“π°√¡»ÿ æ∑— ·æ∑¬å ·≈–‡¿ å ™°√√¡·ºπ‰∑¬Õ¬— “ßπà Õ¬â Ò, §” ‡æÕ„™◊Ë ‡ªâ π‡Õ° “√Õì “ßÕâ ß¥‘ “π°“√·æ∑¬â ·ºπ‰∑¬.å ∫∑§«“¡π’È®÷ßπ”»—æ∑å®“°º≈°“√æ‘®“√≥“¢Õß§≥–Õπÿ°√√¡°“√∑—Èß Ú §≥–¡“∑¬Õ¬≈ßæ‘¡æå„π«“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ‡æ◊ËÕ√—∫øíß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ¢ÕßºŸâ∑’Ë‡°’Ë¬«¢âÕß„π«‘™“™’æ·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ´÷ËßÀ“°¡’¢âÕ§‘¥‡ÀÁπ∑’Ë·μ°μà“ß ®–‰¥âπ”‡ πÕμàÕ§≥–Õπÿ°√√¡°“√„Àâæ‘®“√≥“ª√—∫ª√ÿß·°â‰¢μàÕ‰ª.

»—æ∑å·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬‡√’¬ßμ“¡≈”¥—∫Õ—°…√ °”‡√‘∫π—Èπ „π°“≈‡¡◊ËÕ‡™â“°Á¥’ ‡¡◊ËÕ∫√‘‚¿§Õ“À“√·≈â«°Á¥’ °√’ —ß[°–√’ —ß] π. Õ“À“√‡°à“, §∂,Ÿ Õ®®“√–,ÿ ¢’È, ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ „π‡¡◊ËÕæ≈∫§Ë”°Á¥’ ‡ªπ°√–∑√«ß°“≈ ¡ÿØ∞“π‡ ¡À– Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. °√–∑”é. °Õß ¡ÿÀπ“¡·≈–≈—°…≥π“¡∑’Ë„™â°—∫∏“μÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π À√◊Õ‚√§°“≈ Û π. °“√°”Àπ¥‡«≈“„π√Õ∫ Ò «—π ‡ªìπ‡«≈“°≈“ß«—π Û ‡™àπ °Õßª∂«’∏“μÿ, °ÕßÀ∑—¬, °Õßªîμμ–, °Õß‚√§, °Õß ™à«ß ·≈–‡«≈“°≈“ß§◊π Û ™à«ß ™à«ß≈– Ù ™—Ë«‚¡ß ‚¥¬ ‰¢â, ‰ø Ù °Õß, ≈¡ ˆ °Õß. ‡«≈“°≈“ß«—π·∫àß‡ªìπ™à«ß∑’Ë Ò π—∫μ—Èß·μà‡«≈“¬Ë”√ÿàß (ˆ. °“≈ [°“π, °“≈–-] π. ‡«≈“, §√“«, §√—Èß, Àπ. „π∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å π.) ∂÷ß Ù ‚¡ß‡™â“ (Ò. π.) ™à«ß∑’Ë Ú π—∫μ—Èß·μà‡«≈“ Ù ·ºπ‰∑¬ ‡«≈“‡ªìπ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë·√°‡°‘¥Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß¢Õß‚√§ ‚¡ß‡™â“ (Ò. π.) ∂÷ß∫à“¬ Ú ‚¡ß (ÒÙ. π.) ·≈– ‡™àπ „π§—¡¿’√å ¡ÿØ∞“π«‘π‘®©—¬μÕπÀπ÷Ëß«à“çÕ—π«à“‡ ¡À– ™à«ß∑’Ë Û π—∫μ—Èß·μà‡«≈“∫à“¬ Ú ‚¡ß (ÒÙ. π.) ∂÷ß¬Ë”§Ë”

*1§≥–Õπÿ°√√¡°“√∑’Ëª√÷°…“ ª√–∏“π: πæ.«‘™—¬ ‚™§«‘«—≤π, √Õßª√–∏“π √».¥√.™¬—πμå æ‘‡™’¬√ ÿπ∑√, Õπÿ°√√¡°“√ ».¥√.°”®√ ¡πÿ≠ ªî®ÿ, ».¥√.°“≠®π“ π“§ °ÿ≈, ».¥√.°ƒ…≥“ ™ÿμ‘¡“, ».(æ‘‡»…) ™≈∏‘√“ —μ¬“«—≤π“, ».¥√.πæ.ª≥μ ¡‘§–‡ π, ».¥√.πæ. ¡™—¬ ∫«√°‘μμ‘, æ≠. ¡∫√≥åŸ ‡°’¬√μ‘π—π∑å, π“ßπ—¬π“ «√“Õ—»«ªμ‘, πæ.ª√“‚¡∑¬å ‡ ∂’¬√√—μπå, ºŸâÕ”π«¬°“√°Õßª√–°Õ∫‚√§»‘≈ª–À√◊ÕºŸâ·∑π, π“¬ ÿæ®πå ·®âß‡√Á«, π“¬ª«‘μ «àÕß«’√–, π“¬ ¡∫—μ‘ æ≈“¬πâÕ¬, π“¬ªîòπ·°â« μ—ππ«≈, π“¬∫ÿ≠¡’ ∑Õß»√’, π“¬ª√–°Õ∫ Õÿ∫≈¢“«, π“¬¡π“«ÿ∏ ºÿ¥º“¥, π“¬¬ß¬ÿ∑∏ μ√’πÿ™°√, π“ß‡¬Áπ®‘μ√ ‡μ™–¥”√ß ‘π, ‡≈¢“πÿ°“√¥√.Õ—≠™≈’ ®Ÿ±–æÿ∑∏‘, ºŸâ™à«¬‡≈¢“πÿ°“√ π“ß “« ¡∑√ß »°ÿπμπ“§, π“ß°—π∑‘¡“ ‘∑∏‘∏—≠°‘®. *2§≥–Õπÿ°√√¡°“√®—¥∑”œ : ª√–∏“π πæ.«‘™—¬ ‚™§«‘«—≤π, √Õßª√–∏“π √».¥√.™¬—πμå æ‘‡™’¬√ ÿπ∑√, Õπÿ°√√¡°“√ ».¥√.æ‡¬“«å ‡À¡◊Õπ«ß…å≠“μ‘, æ≠. ¡∫Ÿ√≥å ‡°’¬√μ‘π—π∑å, π“ßπ—¬π“ «√“Õ—»«ªμ‘, πæ. ª√“‚¡∑¬å ‡ ∂’¬√√—μπå, √.μ. À≠‘ß»‘√‘æß…å ·æ∑¬“ππ∑å, π“¬ ¡»—°¥‘Ï Àå≈’≈–‡¡’¬√, æ.∑. Õâ¡ · ßªí≠À“, π“¬«ÿ≤‘ «ÿ≤‘∏√√¡‡«™, π“¬ ÿ«—≤πå μ—Èß®‘μ√‡®√‘≠, ª√–∏“π°√√¡°“√«‘™“™’æ “¢“·æ∑¬å·ºπª√–¬ÿ°μåÀ√◊ÕºŸâ·∑π, π“ß°—≠®π“ ¥’«‘‡»…, π“ßæ√∑‘æ¬å ‡μ‘¡«‘‡»…, ‡≈¢“πÿ°“√¥√.Õ—≠™≈’ ®Ÿ±–æÿ∑∏‘, ºŸâ™à«¬‡≈¢“πÿ°“√π“ß “« ¡∑√ß »°ÿπμπ“§, π“ß°—π∑‘¡“ ‘∑∏‘ ∏—≠°‘®, π“ß¡“≈“ √âÕ¬ ”‚√ß, π“ß “«®‘√—™¬“ ·°â« π∏¬“, π“ß “«∏π“∏‘ª ©‘¡·æ.

˜¯ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ˜˘

(Ò¯. π.) à«π‡«≈“°≈“ß§◊π·∫àß‡ªìπ™à«ß∑’Ë Ò π—∫μ—Èß ∏“μÿ≈¡. ·μà‡«≈“¬Ë”§Ë” (Ò¯. π.) ∂÷ß Ù ∑ÿà¡ (ÚÚ. π.) ™à«ß∑’Ë ‡°»“ π. º¡ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ„π Ú π—∫μ—Èß·μà‡«≈“ Ù ∑ÿà¡ (ÚÚ. π.) ∂÷ßμ’ Ú (Ú. ∏“μÿ¥‘π. π.) ·≈–™à«ß∑’Ë Û π—∫μ—Èß·μà‡«≈“μ’ Ú (Ú. π.) ∂÷ß¬Ë” ‚°Ø∞“ ¬“«“μ“ [‚°¥∂“ –¬“«“μ“] π. ≈¡æ—¥„π≈”‰ â·≈– √ÿàß (ˆ. π.). ·μà≈–™à«ß‡«≈“‡ªìπ∑’Ëμ—Èß·Ààß‚√§Õ—π‡°‘¥ °√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ˆ ™π‘¥¢Õß ®“° ¡ÿØ∞“πμà“ß Ê ‡™àπ ‡«≈“°≈“ß«—π™à«ß∑’Ë Ò ¡—°∑”„Àâ ∏“μÿ≈¡,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ≈¡. ‡°‘¥§«“¡‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬‡π◊ËÕß®“° ¡ÿØ∞“π‡ ¡À–. ‡¢Ã– ¥Ÿ ‡¢‚Ã. °“≈ Ù π. °“√°”Àπ¥‡«≈“„π√Õ∫ Ò «—π ‡ªìπ‡«≈“°≈“ß«—π Ù ‡¢‚Ã π. πÈ”≈“¬ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ÒÚ ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿπÈ”, ™à«ß ·≈–‡«≈“°≈“ß§◊π Ù ™à«ß ™à«ß≈– Û ™—Ë«‚¡ß ‚¥¬ ‡¢Ã– °Á‡√’¬°, ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿπÈ”. ‡«≈“°≈“ß«—π·∫àß‡ªìπ™à«ß∑’Ë Ò π—∫μ—Èß·μà‡«≈“¬Ë”√ÿàß (ˆ. §‘¡À—πμƒ¥Ÿ [§‘¡À—πμ–√÷¥Ÿ] ¥Ÿ„π ƒ¥Ÿ Û, ƒ¥Ÿ Ù ·≈– ƒ¥Ÿ ˆ. π.) ∂÷ß Û ‚¡ß‡™â“ (˘. π.) ™à«ß∑’Ë Ú π—∫μ—Èß·μà‡«≈“ Û §Ÿ∂‡ ¡À– [§Ÿ¥‡ ¡À–, §Ÿ¥∂–‡ ¡À–] ¥Ÿ„π ¡ÿØ∞“π‡ ¡À–. ‚¡ß‡™â“ (˘. π.) ∂÷ß‡∑’Ë¬ß«—π (ÒÚ. π.) ™à«ß∑’Ë Û ßŸªŸμ‘¡ÿ¢ π. ™◊ËÕ‡√’¬°ßŸ°≈ÿà¡Àπ÷Ëß∑’Ë‡¡◊ËÕ°—¥·≈â«∑”„Àâ‡π◊ÈÕ‡πà“‡ªóòÕ¬ π—∫μ—Èß·μà‡«≈“‡∑’Ë¬ß«—π (ÒÚ. π.) ∂÷ß∫à“¬ Û ‚¡ß (Òı. ‡™àπ ßŸ°–ª– ßŸ‡¢’¬«À“ß‰À¡â. ¡“®“°§” ªŸμ‘ ·ª≈«à“ ∫Ÿ¥ π.) ·≈–™à«ß∑’Ë Ù π—∫μ—Èß·μà‡«≈“∫à“¬ Û ‚¡ß (Òı. π.) ‡πà“, ¡ÿ¢ ·ª≈«à“ ª“°. ∂÷ß¬Ë”§Ë” (Ò¯. π.) à«π‡«≈“°≈“ß§◊π·∫àß‡ªìπ™à«ß∑’Ë Ò ™‘√≥—§§’ [™‘√–π—°§’] π. ‰ø‡º“√à“ß°“¬„Àâ·°à§√Ë”§√à“ ∑”„Àâ√à“ß°“¬ π—∫μ—Èß·μà‡«≈“¬Ë”§Ë” (Ò¯. π.) ∂÷ß¬“¡ Ò (ÚÒ. π.) ‡À’Ë¬«·Àâß∑√ÿ¥‚∑√¡™√“¿“æ ∑ÿææ≈¿“æ‰ª ‡ªìπÕß§å ™à«ß∑’Ë Ú π—∫μ—Èß·μà¬“¡ Ò (ÚÒ. π.) ∂÷ß¬“¡ Ú (ÚÙ. ª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ù ™π‘¥¢Õß∏“μÿ‰ø,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ‰ø. π.) ™à«ß∑’Ë Û π—∫μ—Èß·μà‡«≈“¬“¡ Ú (ÚÙ. π.) ∂÷ß¬“¡ μ‚® π. Àπ—ß ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π, ‡¢’¬π Û (Û. π.) ·≈–™à«ß∑’Ë Ù π—∫μ—Èß·μà¬“¡ Û (Û. «à“ μ–‚® °Á¡’, ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. π.) ∂÷ß¬Ë”√ÿàß (ˆ. π.). ·μà≈–™à«ß‡«≈“‡ªìπ∑’Ëμ—Èß·Ààß μ–‚® ¥Ÿ μ‚®. ‚√§Õ—π‡°‘¥®“° ¡Ø∞“πμà“ßÿ Ê ‡™àπ ‡«≈“°≈“ß«—π™à«ß∑’Ë Ò ‡μ‚™∏“μÿ¥Ÿ ∏“μÿ‰ø. ¡—°∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥§«“¡‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬‡π◊ËÕß®“° ¡ÿØ∞“πÕ“‚ªæ‘°—¥ ‡μ‚™∏“μÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π. ‡ ¡À–. ∑—πμ“ π. øíπ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ °“≈ ¡ÿØ∞“π [°“π –À¡¥∂“π,ÿ °“≈– –À¡¥∂“π]ÿ π. ‡«≈“‡ªìπ „π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë·√°‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§ μ”√“·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·∫àß ∑ÿà¡ π. «‘∏’π—∫‡«≈“μ“¡ª√–‡æ≥’ ”À√—∫ ˆ ™—Ë«‚¡ß·√°¢Õß°≈“ß ‡«≈“„π√Õ∫ Ò «—π‡ªìπ°“≈°≈“ß«—π·≈–°“≈°≈“ß§◊π ∑—Èß §◊π μ—Èß·μà Ò˘ π“Ãî°“ ∂÷ß ÚÙ π“Ãî°“ ‡√’¬°«à“ Ò ∑ÿà¡ ∂÷ß °“≈°≈“ß«—π·≈–°“≈°≈“ß§◊π¬—ßÕ“®·∫àß¬àÕ¬ÕÕ°‡ªìπ Û ˆ ∑ÿà¡, ·μà ˆ ∑ÿà¡ π‘¬¡‡√’¬°«à“ Õß¬“¡. ™à«ß ‡√’¬° °“≈ Û À√◊Õ Ù ™à«ß ‡√’¬° °“≈ Ù. ¥Ÿ„π °“≈ ∏“μÿ [∑“¥] π. ‘Ëß∑’Ë∂◊Õ«à“‡ªìπ à«π ”§—≠∑’Ëª√–°Õ∫°—π‡ªìπ√à“ß Û, °“≈ Ù. ¢Õß ‘Ëß∑—ÈßÀ≈“¬ ∑ƒ…Æ’°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª«à“¡’ °—≥Àåª√–‡∑» π. ∂“π∑’Ë´÷Ëß¡’¿¡‘ª√–‡∑»‡ªìππÈ”®◊¥Ÿ πÈ”‡§Á¡ ·≈– Ù ∏“μÿ ‡√’¬° ∏“μÿ Ù ‰¥â·°à ∏“μÿ¥‘π ∏“μÿπÈ” ∏“μÿ≈¡ ‡ªóÕ°μ¡ μ”√“·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬«à“¡—°‡ªìπ∑’Ë‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§ ·≈–∏“μÿ‰ø ·μàÕ“®¡’∏“μÿ∑’Ë ı §◊Õ Õ“°“»∏“μÿ, à«π°“√ Õ—π‡°‘¥®“°‡ ¡À–·≈–≈¡, ¥Ÿ„π ª√–‡∑» ¡ÿØ∞“π. ·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π≈â“ππ“«à“¡’ ı ∏“μÿ §◊Õ ∏“μÿ¥‘π ∏“μÿπÈ” °”‡¥“ ¥Ÿ„π ¡ÿØ∞“πªîμμ–. ∏“μÿ≈¡ ∏“μÿ‰ø ·≈–Õ“°“»∏“μÿ, ∑ƒ…Æ’°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ °‘‚≈¡°—ß [°‘‚≈¡–°—ß] π. æ—ßº◊¥ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ®’π«à“¡’ ı ∏“μÿ ‰¥â·°à ∏“μÿ‰¡â ∏“μÿ‰ø ∏“μÿ¥‘π ∏“μÿ∑Õß ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. ·≈–∏“μÿπÈ”, ∑ƒ…Æ’¥—Èß‡¥‘¡¢Õßæ√“À¡≥å«à“¡’ Û ∏“μÿ §◊Õ °ÿ®©‘ ¬“«“μ“ [°ÿ¥©‘ –¬“«“μ“] π. ≈¡æ—¥„π∑âÕß ·μàæ—¥πÕ° ∏“μÿ≈¡ ∏“μÿ‰ø ·≈–∏“μÿ¥‘πÀ√◊Õ∏“μÿπÈ”, ∑ƒ…Æ’°“√ ≈”‰ â ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ˆ ™π‘¥¢Õß∏“μÿ≈¡,¥Ÿ„π ·æ∑¬åÕ“¬ÿ√‡«∑«à“¡’ ı ∏“μÿ ‡√’¬° ªí≠®¡À“¿Ÿμ ‰¥â·°à ¯ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

∏“μÿ¥‘π ∏“μÿπÈ” ∏“μÿ≈¡ ∏“μÿ‰ø ·≈–Õ“°“»∏“μÿ, ∑ƒ…Æ’°—∫∏“μÿæ‘°“√. °“√·æ∑¬å¬Ÿπ“π‘«à“¡’ Ù ∏“μÿ ‰¥â·°à ∏“μÿ‰ø ∏“μÿπÈ” ∏“μÿ∑Õß∏“μÿ π. Õß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ı Õ¬à“ß¢Õß∏√√¡™“μ‘μ“¡À≈—° ¥‘π ·≈–Õ“°“»∏“μÿ ‡À≈à“π’È‡ªìπμâπ. §μ‘§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ·∫∫®’π ‰¥â·°à ∏“μÿ‰¡â ∏“μÿ‰ø ∏“μÿ¥‘π ∏“μÿ Ù ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ. ∏“μÿ∑Õß ·≈–∏“μÿπÈ” ∑ƒ…Æ’°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ®’π«à“∏“μÿ∑—Èß ∏“μÿ°”‡π‘¥ π. ∏“μ∑’Ë¡’¡“æ√âÕ¡°—∫°”‡π‘¥¢Õß·μà≈–§πÿ ·∫àßμ“¡ Àâ“∑’Ëª√–°Õ∫°—π¢÷Èπ‡ªìπ°“¬·≈–®‘μ¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å®–μâÕß¡’ ‡¥◊Õπ∑“ß®—π∑√§μ‘∑’Ë‡√‘Ë¡ªØ‘ π∏‘ „π∑âÕß·¡à‰¥â‡ªìπ Ù ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å°—πÕ¬à“ß ¡¥ÿ≈ μ—«Õ¬à“ß‡™àπ ·æ∑¬å®’π®—¥„Àâ ª√–‡¿∑ §◊Õ ºŸâ∑’ËªØ‘ π∏‘„π‡¥◊Õπ ı, ˆ ·≈– ˜ ®–¡’∏“μÿ ªÕ¥·≈–≈”‰ â„À≠à‡ªìπ∏“μÿ∑Õß, μ”√“¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…¡—° °”‡π‘¥‡ªìπ∏“μÿ‰ø ºŸâ∑’ËªØ‘ π∏‘„π‡¥◊Õπ ¯, ˘ ·≈– Ò ·ª≈∏“μÿ∑Õß‡ªìπ‚≈À– (metal).¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ. ®–¡’∏“μ°”‡π‘¥‡ªìπ∏“μÿ ≈¡ÿ ºŸâ∑’ËªØ‘ π∏‘ „π‡¥◊Õπ ÒÒ, ÒÚ ∏“μÿπÈ” π. ‘Ëß∑’Ëª√–°Õ∫¢÷Èπ‡ªìπ√à“ß°“¬ à«π∑’Ë‡ªìπ¢Õß‡À≈« ÒÚ ·≈– Ò ®–¡’∏“μ°”‡π‘¥‡ªìπ∏“μÿ πÈ”ÿ ·≈–ºŸâ∑’ËªØ‘ π∏‘„π‡¥◊Õπ ‘Ëß ‰¥â·°à πÈ”¥’ (ªîμμ—ß) ‡ ¡À–À√◊Õ‡ ≈¥ (‡ ¡À—ß) ÀπÕß Ú, Û ·≈– Ù ®–¡’∏“μÿ°”‡π‘¥‡ªìπ∏“μÿ¥‘π, ∏“μÿ‡®â“‡√◊Õπ (∫ÿæ‚æ) ‡≈◊Õ¥ (‚≈À‘μ—ß, ‚≈À‘μ) ‡Àß◊ËÕ (‡ ‚∑) ¡—π¢âπ °Á‡√’¬°. À√◊Õ‰¢¡—π (‡¡‚∑) πÈ”μ“ (Õ— ÿ) ¡—π‡À≈«À√◊ÕπÈ”‡À≈◊Õß ∏“μÿ°”‡√‘∫ π. ¿“«–∑’Ë∏“μÿ„¥∏“μÿÀπ÷Ëß∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¡“°º‘¥ª√°μ‘®π (« “) πÈ”≈“¬ (‡¢Ã–, ‡¢‚Ã) πÈ”¡Ÿ° ( ‘ß¶“π‘°“) ‰¢¢âÕ ∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥‚∑…¢÷Èπ ‡™àπ ∏“μÿ‰ø°”‡√‘∫ ( —πμ—ªªí§§’°”‡√‘∫) (≈ ‘°“) ·≈–ªí “«– (¡ÿμμ—ß, ¡Ÿμ√), Õ“‚ª∏“μÿ °Á‡√’¬°.¥Ÿ ®–∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥Õ“°“√μ—«√âÕπ ¡’‰¢â. „π ∏“μÿ. ∏“μÿ‡®â“‡√◊Õπ π. ∏“μ°”‡π‘¥;ÿ ∏“μÕ—π‡ªìπæ◊Èπ∞“π·Ààß°“√‡°‘¥‚√§.ÿ ∏“μÿ‡∫“ «. ∑’Ë∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√–ßà“¬‚¥¬ª√°μ‘«‘ —¬ °‘π¬“√–∫“¬ ∏“μÿ¥‘π π. ‘Ëß∑’Ëª√–°Õ∫¢÷Èπ‡ªìπ√à“ß°“¬ à«π∑’Ë‡ªìπ¢Õß·¢ÁßÀ√◊Õ ÕàÕπ Ê °Á∂à“¬; π. ¿“«–∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√–ßà“¬‚¥¬ª√°μ‘«‘ —¬ ∑√ß√Ÿª‰¥â ‰¥â·°à Õ«—¬«–·≈–æ—ßº◊¥´÷Ëß‡°’Ë¬«æ—π„ÀâÕ«—¬«– °‘π¬“√–∫“¬ÕàÕπ Ê °Á∂à“¬. μà“ß Ê Õ¬Ÿà√«¡°—π √«¡∑—ÈßÕ“À“√„À¡à Õ“À“√‡°à“ ∏“μÿæ‘°“√ π. ¿“«–∑’Ë∏“μ„¥∏“μÿ Àπ÷Ëß ÿ ≠‡ ’¬Àπâ“∑’Ë°“√∑”ß“π‰ªŸ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ Ú ‘Ëß ‰¥â·°à º¡ (‡°»“) ¢π (‚≈¡“) ‡≈Á∫ ¡“°®π‡°‘¥§«“¡º‘¥ª√°μ‘Õ¬à“ß√ÿπ·√ß ‡™àπ „π§—¡¿’√å (π¢“) øíπ (∑—πμ“) Àπ—ß (μ‚®) ‡π◊ÈÕ (¡—ß —ß) ‡ÕÁπ (π ‚√§π‘∑“πμÕπÀπ÷Ëß«à“ ç...‡¥◊Õπ ÒÒ, ÒÚ, Ò, ∑—Èß Û ‡¥◊Õπ À“√Ÿ) °√–¥Ÿ° (Õ—∞‘) ‡¬◊ËÕ„π°√–¥Ÿ° (Õ—∞‘¡‘≠™—ß) ‰μÀ√◊Õæÿß π’È °‘πº—°·≈Õ“À“√∑—Èßª«ßº‘¥ ”·≈ß Õ“‚ª∏“μ ÿ(§◊Õ¥’æ‘°“√) (ªîÀ°—ß) À—«„® (À∑¬—ß) μ—∫ (¬°π—ß) æ—ßº◊¥ (°‘‚≈¡°—ß) ¡—°¢÷Èß‚°√∏¡—° ¥ÿâß„® (‡ ¡À–æ‘°“√) °‘πÕ“À“√‰¡à√Ÿâ®—°√ ¡â“¡ («—°°—ß) ªÕ¥ (ªí∫º“ —ß) ‰ â„À≠à (Õ—πμ—ß) ‰ âπâÕ¬ (ÀπÕßæ‘°“√) ¡—°„Àâ‡ªπÀ◊¥‰Õ (‚≈À‘μæ‘°“√) ¡—°„Àâ§≈—Ëß (Õ—πμ§ÿπ—ß) Õ“À“√„À¡à (Õÿ∑√‘¬—ß) Õ“À“√‡°à“ (°√’ —ß) ‡æâÕæ°„Àâ√âÕπ (‡Àß◊ËÕæ‘°“√) ¡—°„Àâ‡™◊ËÕ¡´÷¡ (¡—π¢âπæ‘°“√) ·≈– ¡Õß»’√…– (¡—μ∂‡°¡—μ∂≈ÿß§—ß), ª∞«’∏“μÿ ª∂«’∏“μÿ ¡—°„Àâμ—«™“ “°‰ª (πÈ”μ“æ‘°“√) ¡—°„Àâª«¥ ’ –‡®Á∫μ“ À√◊Õ ªí∂«’∏“μÿ °Á‡√’¬°.¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ. (¡—π‡À≈«æ‘°“√) ¡—°„Àâ∫«¡¡◊Õ∫«¡‡∑â“‡ªππÈ”‡À≈◊Õßμ° ∏“μÿ·μ° π. ¿“«–∑’Ë∏“μ„¥∏“μÿ Àπ÷ËßÀ√◊ÕÀ≈“¬∏“μÿ „π√à“ß°“¬ ÿ Ÿ≠ ¡—°„ÀâºÕ¡·Àâß‰ª (πÈ”≈“¬æ‘°“√) ¡—°„Àâ‡ªπ‰¢â¡—°„Àâ ‡ ’¬Àπâ“∑’Ë‰ª ‡™àπ §—¡¿’√å‚√§π‘∑“πμÕπÀπ÷Ëß«à“ ç...Õ—π«à“ §Õ·Àâßøíπ·Àâß (πÈ”¡°æ‘°“√)Ÿ ¡—°„Àâª«¥ ’ – (‰¢¢âÕæ‘°“√) ≈—°…≥–‡μ‚™∏“μÿ·μ°π—Èπ ¡’Õ“°“√¢—¥„πÕ°„π„® ∫«¡ ¡—°„Àâ‡¡◊ËÕ¬∑°¢âÕ∑ÿ °°√–¥ÿ °Ÿ (¡μ√åæ‘°“√)Ÿ „Àâªí “«–·¥ß ¡◊Õ∫«¡‡∑â“ ‰Õ‡ªìπ¡Õß§√àÕ ≈—°…≥– Ù ª√–°“√π’È ‡ªìπ ¢—¥ªí “«–Ê ‡ªπ‚≈À‘μª«¥‡®Á∫‡π◊ÕßÊ ·≈∏“μÿπÈ”∑—Èßπ’È ≈—°…≥–¢Õß‡μ‚™∏“μÿÕ—π™◊ËÕ«à“ ª√‘π“¡—§§’·μ°...é, À√◊Õ ª√–¡«≥‡¢â“¥â«¬°—π∑—Èß ÒÚ ®”æ«°π—Èπ ®÷ß‡√’¬°«à“∏“μÿ §—¡¿’√å∏“μ«‘¿—ß§åμÕπÀπ÷Ëß«à“ÿ ç...≈¡™◊ËÕ«à“ çÕ— å “ ªí å “ «“ æ‘°“√ ·æ∑¬åæ÷ß√Ÿâ‡∂‘¥...é, μ”√“·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬∫“ß‡≈à¡ μ“é π—Èπ®–‰¥â·μ°À“¡‘‰¥â ≈¡Õ—ππ’È§◊Õ≈¡∏“μÿÕ—πæ—¥„Àâ «à“ ∏“μÿæ‘°“√¡’§«“¡À¡“¬‡¥’¬«°—∫∏“μÿ·μ°. À“¬„®‡¢â“·≈ÕÕ° ∂â“ ‘Èπ≈¡À“¬„®‡¢â“·≈ÕÕ° À√◊Õ≈¡ ∏“μÿ‡æ≈‘ß ¥Ÿ ∏“μÿ‰ø. À“¬„®‡¢â“·≈ÕÕ°¢“¥·≈â«‡¡◊ËÕ„¥°Áμ“¬‡¡◊ËÕπ—Èπ...é, μ”√“ ∏“μÿ‰ø π. ‘Ëß∑’Ëª√–°Õ∫¢÷Èπ‡ªìπ√à“ß°“¬ à«π∑’Ë∑”„Àâ∏“μ¥‘πÿ ∏“μÿ ·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬∫“ß‡≈à¡«à“ ∏“μÿ·μ°¡’§«“¡À¡“¬‡¥’¬« πÈ” ·≈–∏“μÿ≈¡‡ª≈’Ë¬π·ª≈ß‰¥â ‡ªìπæ≈—ßß“π§«“¡√âÕπ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ¯Ò

À√◊Õæ≈—ßß“π∑’Ë∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥°“√¬àÕ¬ ≈“¬ ¡’ Ù ™π‘¥ ‰¥â·°à ¡ÿØ∞“π ‡√’¬°«à“ ¡ÿØ∞“πªîμμ– ¡ÿØ∞“π«“μ– ·≈– ‰ø¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ (ª√‘≥“¡—§§’) ‰ø∑’Ë∑”„Àâ√âÕπ¿“¬„π ¡ÿØ∞“π‡ ¡À–.æ—¥∑—Ë« √’√–°“¬ (Õ—ß§¡—ß§“πÿ “√’«“μ“) (ª√‘∑—¬À—§§’) ‰ø∑’Ë‡º“√à“ß°“¬„Àâ·°à§√Ë”§√à“ (™‘√≥—§§’) ·≈–≈¡À“¬„®‡¢â“ÕÕ° (Õ— “ –ªí “ –«“μ“), «“‚¬∏“μÿ ·≈–‰ø∑’Ë∑”„Àâ√à“ß°“¬Õ∫Õÿàπ ( —πμ—ªªí§§’), ∏“μ‡æ≈‘ßÿ À√◊Õ °Á‡√’¬°. ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ. ‡μ‚™∏“μÿ °Á‡√’¬°.¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ. ∏“μÿÀπ—° «. ∑’Ë∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√–¬“°‚¥¬ª√°μ‘«‘ —¬ μâÕß°‘π¬“∂à“¬ ∏“μÿ‰¡â π. Õß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ı Õ¬à“ß¢Õß∏√√¡™“μ‘μ“¡À≈—° ¡“° ®÷ß®–∂à“¬; π. ¿“«–∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√–¬“°‚¥¬ª√°μ‘«‘ —¬ §μ‘§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ·∫∫®’π ‰¥â·°à ∏“μÿ‰¡â ∏“μÿ‰ø ∏“μÿ¥‘π μâÕß°‘π¬“∂à“¬¡“°®÷ß®–∂à“¬. ∏“μÿ∑Õß ·≈–∏“μÿπÈ” ∑ƒ…Æ’°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ®’π«à“∏“μÿ∑—Èß∏“μÿÀ¬àÕπ π. ¿“«–∑’Ë∏“μ„¥∏“μÿ Àπ÷Ëß∑”Àπâ“∑’ËπâÕ¬º‘¥ª√°μ‘®πÿ Àâ“∑’Ëª√–°Õ∫°—π¢÷Èπ‡ªìπ°“¬·≈–®‘μ¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å®–μâÕß¡’ ∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥‚∑…¢÷Èπ ‡™àπ ∏“μÿ‰øÀ¬àÕπ (ª√‘≥“¡—§§’À¬àÕπ) ªØ‘ —¡æ—π∏å°—πÕ¬à“ß ¡¥ÿ≈ μ—«Õ¬à“ß‡™àπ ·æ∑¬å®’π®—¥„Àâ ®–∑”„ÀâÕ“À“√‰¡à¬àÕ¬ ‡°‘¥Õ“°“√∑âÕßÕ◊¥‡øÑÕ. μ—∫·≈–∂ÿßπÈ”¥’‡ªìπ∏“μÿ‰¡â.¥Ÿ„π ∏“μ ÿ. π¢“ π. ‡≈Á∫, ‡≈Á∫¡◊Õ, ‡≈Á∫‡∑â“, ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ∏“μÿ≈¡ π. ‘Ëß∑’Ëª√–°Õ∫¢÷Èπ‡ªìπ√à“ß°“¬ à«π∑’Ë∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥°“√ ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰À«¢Õß∏“μÿ∑—Èß Ù μ“¡Õ«—¬«–μà“ß Ê ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ πÀ“√Ÿ π. ‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ, ‡ÕÁπ, ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß ¡’ ˆ ™π‘¥ ‰¥â·°à ≈¡æ—¥μ—Èß·μàª≈“¬‡∑â“∂÷ß»’√…– ∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. (Õÿ∑∏—ß§¡“«“μ“) ≈¡æ—¥μ—Èß·μà»’√…–∂÷ßª≈“¬‡∑â“ πÈ”¥’¥” π. ¢Õß‡À≈«Àπ÷Ëß„π ’Ëª√–‡¿∑∑’ËÀ≈àÕ‡≈’È¬ß√à“ß°“¬μ“¡ (Õ‚∏§¡“«“μ“) ≈¡æ—¥„π∑âÕß ·μàæ—¥πÕ°≈”‰ â (°ÿ®©‘ §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ¢Õß»“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬å¬π“π‘Ÿ ‰¥â·°à ‡≈◊Õ¥ ‡ ¡À– ¬“«“μ“) ≈¡æ—¥„π≈”‰ â·≈–°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√ (‚°Ø∞“ πÈ”¥’‡À≈◊Õß ·≈– πÈ”¥’¥” πÈ”¥’¥”¡’§ÿ≥ ¡∫—μ‘‡¬Áπ·≈–·Àâß ¬“«“μ“) ≈¡æ—¥∑—Ë« √’√–°“¬ (Õ—ß§¡—ß§“πÿ “√’«“μ“) ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’πÈ”¥’¥”¡“°°«à“¢Õß‡À≈«Õ◊Ëπ¡—°¡’®‘μ„®À¥ÀŸà ·≈–≈¡À“¬„®‡¢â“ÕÕ° (Õ— “ –ªí “ –«“μ“), «“‚¬ ´÷¡‡»√â“. ∏“μÿ°Á‡√’¬°.¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ. πÈ”¥’‡À≈◊Õß π. ¢Õß‡À≈«Àπ÷Ëß„π ’Ëª√–‡¿∑∑’ËÀ≈àÕ‡≈’È¬ß√à“ß°“¬μ“¡ ∏“μÿ«‘ª≈“» π. ¿“«–∑’Ë∏“μ„¥∏“μÿ Àπ÷Ëß¡’°“√∑”ß“π§≈“¥‡§≈◊ËÕπÿ §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ¢Õß»“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬å¬π“π‘Ÿ ‰¥â·°à ‡≈◊Õ¥ ‡ ¡À– ‰ª®“°∏√√¡¥“ “¡—≠ ‡™àπ „πæ√–§—¡¿’√å∏“μÿ«‘«√≥åμÕπ πÈ”¥’‡À≈◊Õß ·≈– πÈ”¥’¥” πÈ”¥’‡À≈◊Õß¡’§ÿ≥ ¡∫—μ‘√âÕπ Àπ÷Ëß«à“ ç...Àπ÷Ëß‡≈à“Õ“‚ª∏“μ ÿ«‘ª≈“»Õ—π∏°“√å ¬—ß™πºŸâ‚√§“ ·≈–·Àâß ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë¡’πÈ”¥’‡À≈◊Õß¡“°°«à“¢Õß‡À≈«Õ◊Ëπ¡—° ¬àÕ¡æ√ÿπ‡ªóòÕ¬‡ªπÀ‘¥Ωï ∫“ß∑’‡ªπ‡¡Á¥§—π ∑—Ë«°“¬π—Èπ°Á ‡ªìπ§πÕ“√¡≥å√âÕπ ‚°√∏ßà“¬. ¬àÕ¡¡’ πÈ”‡À≈◊Õß¬àÕ¡‰À≈ª√’Ë °Õ∫¥â«¬°≈‘Ëπ‡À¡Áπ‡Àπâ“√â“¬ ∫ÿæ‚æ [∫∫‚æ]ÿ π. πÈ”ÀπÕß ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ÒÚ ‘Ëß¢Õß ¥—ßßŸªŸμ‘¡ÿ¢ Õ—π¢∫μÕ¥§π∑—ÈßÀ≈“¬ æ‘…´à“π∑—Ë«∑—Èß°“¬ ∏“μÿπÈ”,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿπÈ”. ¬àÕ¡æ√ÿπ‡ªóòÕ¬‡Àπâ“‡ªπÀπÕß πÈ”‡À≈◊Õß‰À≈´÷¡∑√“∫ ª∞¡¬“¡ [ª–∂¡¡–¬“¡] π. ‡«≈“μ—Èß·μà Ò¯. π. ∂÷ß ÚÚ. ‚∑…Õ“‚ª„ÀâÀ¡àπÀ¡Õß ª«ß·æ∑¬åæ÷ßμ√÷°μ√Õß ‡ÀÁπ π. μ“¡°“√·∫àß‡«≈“°≈“ß§◊π„π∫“≈’, ¬“¡μâπ °Á‡√’¬°. ¥Ÿ ·¡àπ·≈â«®÷ß«“ß¬“...é. „π ¬“¡ ∏“μÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π [∑“¥ –À¡ÿ¥∂“π] π. ∏“μÿ∑—Èß Ù ‡ªìπ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ëª∞¡«—¬ [ª–∂¡‰«, ª–∂¡¡–‰«] π. «—¬μâπ ·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬π—∫ ·√°‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§ ‰¥â·°à ª∂«’∏“μÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π ∏“μÿ¥‘π‡ªìπ μ—Èß·μà·√°‡°‘¥®π∂÷ßÕ“¬ÿ Òˆ ªï. ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë·√°‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§ Õ“‚ª∏“μÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π ∏“μÿπÈ” ª∞«’∏“μÿ [ª–∂–«’∑“¥] ¥Ÿ ∏“μÿ¥‘π. ‡ªìπ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë·√°‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§ «“‚¬∏“μÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π ∏“μÿ ª∂«’∏“μÿ [ª–∂–«’∑“¥] ¥Ÿ ∏“μÿ¥‘π. ≈¡‡ªìπ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë·√°‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§ ·≈– ‡μ‚™∏“μÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π ª∂«’∏“μÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π. ∏“μÿ‰ø‡ªìπ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë·√°‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§. ∏“μÿ∑—Èß Ù ´÷Ëß ª√–‡∑»‡¬Áπ π. ∂“π∑’Ë´÷Ëß¡’¿¡‘ª√–‡∑»‡ªìπ‡ªóÕ°μ¡Ÿ Ωπμ°™ÿ° ®”·π°‰¥â‡ªìπ ÙÚ ª√–°“√π—Èπ (¥‘π Ú, πÈ” ÒÚ, ≈¡ ˆ, Õ“°“»‡¬Áπ ≈¡Ωπ¡“° μ”√“·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬«à“¡—°‡ªìπ∑’Ë ‰ø Ù) ·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬æ‘®“√≥“¬àÕ≈ß‡À≈◊Õ‡æ’¬ß Û °Õß ‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§Õ—π‡°‘¥®“°∏“μÿ≈¡,¥Ÿ„π ª√–‡∑» ¡ÿØ∞“π. ¯Ú «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

ª√–‡∑»√âÕπ π. ∂“π∑’Ë´÷Ëß¡’¿Ÿ¡‘ª√–‡∑»‡ªìπ∑’Ë Ÿß ‡™àπ ∑’Ë√“∫ Ÿß ∏“μÿ¥‘π. ¿Ÿ‡¢“ μ”√“·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬«à“¡—°‡ªìπ∑’Ë‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§Õ—π æ—∑∏–ªîμμ– ¥Ÿ„π ¡ÿØ∞“πªîμμ–. ‡°‘¥®“°∏“μÿ‰ø, ¥Ÿ„π ª√–‡∑» ¡ÿØ∞“π. ‡æ◊ËÕ «. “‡Àμÿ ‡Àμÿ ‡π◊ËÕß®“° ‡™àπ ‰¢â‡æ◊ËÕ≈¡ À¡“¬∂÷ß ‰¢âÕ—π¡’ ª√–‡∑» ¡ÿØ∞“π π. ∂“π∑’Ë∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà∑’ËÕ“»—¬‡ªìπ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë·√°‡°‘¥ “‡Àμÿ®“°≈¡ ¢Õß‚√§ μ”√“‡«™»÷°…“·∫àßÕÕ°‡ªìπ Ù ª√–°“√ §◊Õ ¡À“æ‘°—¥ ¡ÿØ∞“π π. ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë·√°‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§μ“¡§—¡¿’√å ª√–‡∑»√âÕπ ª√–‡∑»Õ∫Õÿàπ ª√–‡∑»‡¬Áπ ·≈–ª√–‡∑» ¡Ø∞“π«‘π‘®©—¬ÿ ·∫àß‡ªìπ Ù ª√–°“√ ‰¥â·°à ∏“μ ¡ÿØ∞“πÿ Àπ“«, §—¡¿’√å∏“μÿ«‘«√≥å ·∫àßÕÕ°‡ªìπ Û ª√–°“√ §◊Õ Õÿμÿ ¡Ø∞“πÿ (ƒ¥ ¡Ÿ Ø∞“π)ÿ Õ“¬ ¡ÿØ∞“πÿ ·≈–°“≈ ¡Ø∞“πÿ °—≥Àåª√–‡∑» “§√ª√–‡∑» ·≈– “∏“√≥-ª√–‡∑». ¡—ß —ß π. ‡π◊ÈÕ¢Õß§π·≈– —μ«å ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ª√–‡∑»Àπ“« π. ∂“π∑’Ë´÷Ëß¡’¿Ÿ¡‘ª√–‡∑»‡ªìππÈ”‡§Á¡ ‡ªóÕ°μ¡ ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. Õ“°“»Àπ“« μ”√“·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬«à“¡—°‡ªìπ∑’Ë‡°‘¥¢Õß ¡—™¨‘¡¬“¡ [¡—¥™‘¡–¬“¡. ¡—¥™‘¡¡–¬“¡] π. ‡«≈“μ—Èß·μà ÚÚ. ‚√§Õ—π‡°‘¥®“°∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ„π ª√–‡∑» ¡ÿØ∞“π. π. ∂÷ß Ú. π. μ“¡°“√·∫àß‡«≈“°≈“ß§◊π„π∫“≈’, ª√–‡∑»Õ∫Õÿàπ π. ∂“π∑’Ë´÷Ëß¡’¿Ÿ¡‘ª√–‡∑»‡ªìππÈ” °√«¥ ∑√“¬ ¬“¡°≈“ß °Á‡√’¬°. ¥Ÿ„π ¬“¡. μ”√“·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬«à“¡—°‡ªìπ∑’Ë‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§Õ—π‡°‘¥®“° ¡—™¨‘¡«—¬ [¡—¥™‘¡‰«, ¡—¥™‘¡–‰«] π. «—¬°≈“ß§π ·æ∑¬å·ºπ ∏“μÿπÈ” (¥’·≈–‚≈À‘μ),¥Ÿ„π ª√–‡∑» ¡ÿØ∞“π. ‰∑¬π—∫μ—Èß·μàÕ“¬ÿ¡“°°«à“ Òˆ ªï ®π∂÷ß ÛÚ ªï ·μà„π ª√‘≥“¡—§§’ [ª–√‘π“¡—°§’] π.‰ø¬àÕ¬Õ“À“√ ∑”„ÀâÕ“À“√∑’Ë°‘π §—¡¿’√å ¡Ø∞“π«‘π‘®©—¬π—∫μ—Èß·μàÕ“¬ÿ ¡“°°«à“ÿ Òˆ ªï ®π∂÷ß ·À≈°≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ù ™π‘¥¢Õß∏“μÿ Û ªï. ‰ø, ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ‰ø. ¡—μ∂‡°¡—μ∂≈ÿß§—ß [¡—¥∂–‡°¡—¥∂–≈ß§—ß]ÿ π. ¡—π ¡Õß (¡—μ∂°– ª√‘∑—¬À—§§’ [ª–√‘‰∑À—°§’] π. ‰ø∑”„Àâ√âÕπ¿“¬„π À√◊Õ‰ø√âÕπ = À—«, °√–À¡àÕ¡; ¡—μ∂≈ÿß§å = ¡—π ¡Õß) ‡ªìπÕß§å √– Ë”√– “¬ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ù ™π‘¥¢Õß∏“μÿ‰ø, ª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ‰ø. ¡ÿμμ—ß [¡ÿ¥μ—ß] π. πÈ”ªí “«–, πÈ”‡∫“, ‡¬’Ë¬«, ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ ªí®©‘¡¬“¡ [ªí¥©‘¡¡–¬“¡] π. ‡«≈“μ—Èß·μà Ú. π. ∂÷ß ˆ. Ò „π ÒÚ ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿπÈ”, ¡Ÿμ√ °Á‡√’¬°,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿπÈ”. π. μ“¡°“√·∫àß‡«≈“°≈“ß§◊π„π∫“≈’, ¬“¡À≈—ß, ¬“¡ ¡Ÿμ√ [¡Ÿ¥] ¥Ÿ ¡ÿμμ—ß. ÿ¥∑â“¬ °Á‡√’¬°.¥Ÿ„π ¬“¡. ‡¡‚∑ π. ¡—π¢âπ (‡π◊ÈÕ¡—π ’¢“«Õ¡‡À≈◊Õß„π√à“ß°“¬) ‡ªìπÕß§å ªí®©‘¡«—¬ [ªí¥©‘¡‰«, ªí¥©‘¡¡–‰«] π. «—¬μÕπª≈“¬, «—¬™√“, ª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ÒÚ ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿπÈ”, ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿπÈ”. ·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬π—∫μ—Èß·μàÕ“¬ÿ¡“°°«à“ ÛÚ ªï‡ªìπμâπ‰ª ‚¡ß π. «‘∏’π—∫‡«≈“μ“¡ª√–‡æ≥’„π‡«≈“°≈“ß«—π, ∂â“‡ªìπ‡«≈“°àÕπ ·μà„π§—¡¿’√å ¡ÿØ∞“π«‘π‘®©—¬π—∫μ—Èß·μàÕ“¬ÿ¡“°°«à“ Û ‡∑’Ë¬ß«—π μ—Èß·μà ˜ π“Ãî°“ ∂÷ß ÒÒ π“Ãî°“ ‡√’¬°«à“ ‚¡ß ªï‡ªìπμâπ‰ª. ‡™â“ ∂÷ß ı ‚¡ß‡™â“, ∂â“‡ªìπ ÒÚ π“Ãî°“ π‘¬¡‡√’¬°«à“ ªí≠®¡À“¿Ÿμ [ªíπ®–¡–À“æŸμ–] π. ∏“μÿ∑—Èß ı ‰¥â·°à ∏“μÿ¥‘π ‡∑’Ë¬ß«—π, ∂â“À≈—ß‡∑’Ë¬ß«—π μ—Èß·μà ÒÛ π“Ãî°“ ∂÷ß Ò˜ ∏“μÿπÈ” ∏“μÿ≈¡ ∏“μÿ‰ø ·≈–Õ“°“»∏“μÿ ´÷Ëßμ“¡À≈—°°“√π“Ãî°“ ‡√’¬°«à“ ∫à“¬‚¡ß ∂÷ß ∫à“¬ ı ‚¡ß, ∂â“ Ò¯ π“Ãî°“ ·æ∑¬åÕ“¬ÿ√‡«∑∂◊Õ∑’Ë‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫¢Õß √√æ ‘Ëß„π π‘¬¡‡√’¬°«à“ ˆ ‚¡ß‡¬Áπ À√◊Õ ¬Ë”§Ë”. ®—°√«“≈ √«¡∑—Èß√à“ß°“¬¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å. ¬°π—ß [¬–°–π—ß] π. μ—∫ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß ªí∂«’∏“μÿ [ªí¥∂–«’∑“¥] ¥Ÿ ∏“μÿ¥‘π. ∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. ªí∫º“ —ß π. ªÕ¥ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π, ¬“¡, ¬“¡- [¬“¡, ¬“¡–-] π. ™◊ËÕ à«π·Ààß«—π ¬“¡Àπ÷Ëß¡’ Û ™—Ë«‚¡ß ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. √«¡«—πÀπ÷Ëß¡’ ¯ ¬“¡; „π∫“≈’·∫àß°≈“ß§◊π‡ªìπ Û ¬“¡ ªîμμ—ß [ªî¥μ—ß] π. πÈ”¥’ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ÒÚ ‘Ëß¢Õß ¬“¡Àπ÷Ëß¡’ Ù ™—Ë«‚¡ß ‡√’¬°«à“ ª∞¡¬“¡ ¡—™¨‘¡¬“¡ ∏“μÿπÈ”, ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿπÈ”. ·≈–ªí®©‘¡¬“¡. ªîÀ°—ß π. ‰μ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ„π ¬“¡ Ò π. ‡«≈“ ÚÒ. π. ∫“ß§√—Èß‡√’¬° Ò ¬“¡ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ¯Û

¬“¡ Ú π. ‡«≈“ ÚÙ. π. ∫“ß§√—Èß‡√’¬° Ú ¬“¡. « —πμ‡À¡—πμƒ¥Ÿ ¡—°∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥§«“¡‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬‡π◊ËÕß®“° ¬“¡ Û π. ‡«≈“ Û. π. ∫“ß§√—Èß‡√’¬° Û ¬“¡. ¡ÿØ∞“πÕ“‚ª. ¬“¡ Ù π. ‡«≈“ ˆ. π, ¬Ë”√ÿàß °Á‡√’¬°. ƒ¥Ÿ ˆ π. °“√°”Àπ¥ƒ¥Ÿ°“≈„π√Õ∫ Ò ªï ‡ªìπ ˆ ƒ¥Ÿ ƒ¥Ÿ≈– Ú ¬Ë”§Ë” π. ‡«≈“ Ò¯. π. ‡¥◊Õπ ‰¥â·°à ƒ¥Ÿ∑’Ë Ò (§‘¡À—πμƒ¥Ÿ) π—∫μ—Èß·μà·√¡ Ò §Ë” ¬Ë”√ÿàß π. ‡«≈“ ˆ. π. ‡¥◊Õπ Ù ∂÷ß¢÷Èπ Òı §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ ˆ, ƒ¥Ÿ∑’Ë Ú (« —πμƒ¥Ÿ) π—∫ ¬Ÿπ“π‘ π. »“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬å¥—Èß‡¥‘¡∑’Ë¡’√“°∞“π®“°§” Õπ¢Õß μ—Èß·μà·√¡ Ò §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ ˆ ∂÷ß¢÷Èπ Òı §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ ¯, ƒ¥Ÿ∑’Ë Û Œ‘ª‚ª‡§√μ’ (Hippocrates) ª√“™≠å·≈–·æ∑¬å™“«° («— “πƒ¥Ÿ) π—∫μ—Èß·μà·√¡ Ò §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ ¯ ∂÷ß¢÷Èπ Òı §Ë” √’°´÷Ëß¡’™’«‘μÕ¬Ÿà„π™à«ß Ùˆ-Û˜˜ ªï°àÕπ§√‘ μå»—°√“™ ‡¥◊Õπ Ò, ƒ¥Ÿ∑’Ë Ù ( “√∑ƒ¥Ÿ) π—∫μ—Èß·μà·√¡ Ò §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ μàÕ¡“‰¥â‡º¬·æ√à‰ª„πÕ“À√—∫·≈–‡ªÕ√å‡™’¬ ·≈–™“« Ò ∂÷ß¢÷Èπ Òı §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ ÒÚ, ƒ¥Ÿ∑’Ë ı (‡À¡—πμƒ¥Ÿ) π—∫μ—Èß Õ“À√—∫π”‰ª‡º¬·æ√à„πª√–‡∑»Õ‘π‡¥’¬μ—Èß·μàμâπ ·μà·√¡ Ò §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ ÒÚ ∂÷ß¢÷Èπ Òı §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ Ú ·≈–ƒ¥Ÿ »μ«√√…∑’Ë ÒÙ ªí®®ÿ∫—π¬—ß¡’°“√‡√’¬π°“√ Õπ·≈–°“√ ∑’Ë ˆ (»‘»‘√ƒ¥Ÿ) π—∫μ—Èß·μà·√¡ Ò §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ Ú ∂÷ß¢÷Èπ Òı „™â°“√·æ∑¬å¬Ÿπ“π‘„π√–∫∫ ÿ¢¿“æ¢ÕßÕ‘π‡¥’¬·≈– §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ Ù. ƒ¥Ÿ‡ªìπ∑’Ëμ—Èß·Ààß‚√§Õ—π‡°‘¥®“° ¡ÿØ∞“π ª√–‡∑»·∂∫‡Õ‡™’¬„μâ °“√·æ∑¬å¬Ÿπ“π‘‡™◊ËÕ«à“√à“ß°“¬ μà“ß Ê ∑’Ëª√–®”„π·μà≈–ƒ¥Ÿ ‡™àπ «— “πƒ¥Ÿ ¡—°∑”„Àâ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬∏“μÿæ◊Èπ∞“π Ù ∏“μÿ ‰¥â·°à ¥‘π Õ“°“» πÈ” ‡°‘¥§«“¡‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬‡æ◊ËÕ«“‚¬·≈–‡ ¡À–. ·≈–‰ø ·≈–¡’¢Õß‡À≈« Ù Õ¬à“ßÀ≈àÕ‡≈’È¬ß ‰¥â·°à ‡≈◊Õ¥ ƒ¥Ÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π ¥Ÿ Õÿμÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π. ‡ ¡À– πÈ”¥’‡À≈◊Õß ·≈–πÈ”¥’¥” ´÷ËßÀ“°¢Õß‡À≈«‡À≈à“π’È ≈ ‘°“ π. ‰¢¢âÕ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ÒÚ ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿπÈ”,¥Ÿ ‰¡à ¡¥ÿ≈®–∑”„Àâ‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬. „π ∏“μÿπÈ”. ƒ¥Ÿ Û π. °“√°”Àπ¥ƒ¥Ÿ°“≈„π√Õ∫ Ò ªï ‡ªìπ Û ƒ¥Ÿ ƒ¥Ÿ≈– Ù ‚≈¡“ π. ¢π ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ„π ‡¥◊Õπ ‰¥â·°à §‘¡À—πμƒ¥Ÿ (ƒ¥Ÿ√âÕπ) π—∫μ—Èß·μà·√¡ Ò §Ë” ∏“μÿ¥‘π. ‡¥◊Õπ Ù ∂÷ß¢÷Èπ Òı §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ ¯ « —πμƒ¥Ÿ (ƒ¥ŸΩπ) π—∫ ‚≈À‘μ—ß π. ‡≈◊Õ¥, ‚≈À‘μ, ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ÒÚ ‘Ëß¢Õß μ—Èß·μà·√¡ Ò §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ ¯ ∂÷ß¢÷Èπ Òı §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ ÒÚ ·≈– ∏“μÿπÈ”,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿπÈ”. ‡À¡—πμƒ¥Ÿ (ƒ¥ŸÀπ“«) π—∫μ—Èß·μà·√¡ Ò §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ ÒÚ ∂÷ß « —πμƒ¥Ÿ [«– —πμ–√÷¥Ÿ] ¥Ÿ„π ƒ¥Ÿ Û, ƒ¥Ÿ Ù ·≈– ƒ¥Ÿ ˆ. ¢÷Èπ Òı §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ Ù. ƒ¥Ÿ‡ªìπ∑’Ëμ—Èß·Ààß‚√§Õ—π‡°‘¥®“° « —πμ‡À¡—πμƒ¥Ÿ [«– —πμ–‡À¡—πμ–√÷¥Ÿ] ¥Ÿ„π ƒ¥Ÿ Ù. ¡ÿØ∞“πμà“ß Ê ∑’Ëª√–®”„π·μà≈–ƒ¥Ÿ ‡™àπ §‘¡À—πμƒ¥Ÿ « “ π. ¡—π‡À≈« (πÈ”‡À≈◊Õß) ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ÒÚ ‘Ëß¢Õß ¡—°∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥§«“¡‡®Á∫ªÉ«¬‡π◊ËÕß®“° ¡ÿØ∞“π‡μ‚™. ∏“μÿπÈ”,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿπÈ”. ƒ¥Ÿ Ù π. °“√°”Àπ¥ƒ¥Ÿ°“≈„π√Õ∫ Ò ªï ‡ªìπ Ù ƒ¥Ÿ ƒ¥Ÿ≈– Û «—°°—ß π. ¡â“¡ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ ‡¥◊Õπ μ”√“Õ“®°”Àπ¥‰«âμà“ß°—π μ”√“‡«™»÷°…“·∫àß‡ªìπ „π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. ƒ¥Ÿ∑’Ë Ò π—∫μ—Èß·μà·√¡ Ò §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ Ù ∂÷ß¢÷Èπ Òı §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ «— “πƒ¥Ÿ [«—¥ “π–√÷¥Ÿ] ¥Ÿ„π ƒ¥Ÿ ˆ. ˜ ƒ¥Ÿ∑’Ë Ú π—∫μ—Èß·μà·√¡ Ò §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ ˜ ∂÷ß¢÷Èπ Òı §Ë” «“‚¬∏“μÿ¥Ÿ ∏“μÿ≈¡. ‡¥◊Õπ Ò ƒ¥Ÿ∑’Ë Û π—∫μ—Èß·μà·√¡ Ò §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ Ò ∂÷ß¢÷Èπ «“‚¬∏“μÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π. Òı §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ Ò ·≈–ƒ¥Ÿ∑’Ë Ù π—∫μ—Èß·μà·√¡ Ò §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ »Õ‡ ¡À– ¥Ÿ„π ¡ÿØ∞“π‡ ¡À–. Ò ∂÷ß¢÷Èπ Òı §Ë” ‡¥◊Õπ Ù, à«πæ√–§—¡¿’√å∏“μÿ«‘«√≥å »‘»‘√ƒ¥Ÿ [ ‘ ‘√–√÷¥Ÿ] ¥Ÿ„π ƒ¥Ÿ ˆ. ·∫àß‡ªìπ §‘¡À—πμƒ¥Ÿ π—∫μ—Èß·μà‡¥◊Õπ ı ∂÷ß‡¥◊Õπ ˜ ¡ÿØ∞“π [ –À¡ÿ¥∂“π] π. ∑’Ë‡°‘¥, ∑’Ëμ—Èß, ‡Àμ¡ÿØ∞“π¢Õß‚√§ÿ. « —πμƒ¥Ÿ π—∫μ—Èß·μà‡¥◊Õπ ¯ ∂÷ß‡¥◊Õπ Ò « —πμ‡À¡—πμ π. ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë·√°‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§ μ”√“·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ƒ¥Ÿ π—∫μ—Èß·μà‡¥◊Õπ ÒÒ ∂÷ß‡¥◊Õπ Ò ·≈– ‡À¡—πμ§‘¡À—πμ ®”·π°ÕÕ°‰¥â‡ªìπ Ù ¡ÿØ∞“π §◊Õ ∏“μÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π Õÿμÿ ƒ¥Ÿ π—∫μ—Èß·μà‡¥◊Õπ Ú ∂÷ß‡¥◊Õπ Ù. ƒ¥Ÿ‡ªìπ∑’Ëμ—Èß·Ààß‚√§ ¡ÿØ∞“π Õ“¬ÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π ·≈– °“≈ ¡ÿØ∞“π ·μà∫“ßμ”√“ Õ—π‡°‘¥®“° ¡ÿØ∞“πμà“ß Ê ∑’Ëª√–®”„π·μà≈–ƒ¥Ÿ ‡™àπ ‡æ‘Ë¡ ª√–‡∑» ¡ÿØ∞“π ·≈– æƒμ‘°√√¡¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å ∑’Ë ¯Ù «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥‚√§. ∏“μÿ¥‘π, À∑—¬ °Á‡√’¬°,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. ¡ÿØ∞“πªîμμ– π. ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë·√°‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§Õ—π‡°‘¥®“°¥’ ·∫àß À∑—¬ ¥Ÿ À∑¬—ß. ÕÕ°‡ªìπ Û Õ¬à“ß ‰¥â·°à æ—∑∏–ªîμμ– (πÈ”¥’∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„πΩí° À∑—¬«“μ– [À–‰∑¬–«“μ–] ¥Ÿ„π ¡ÿØ∞“π«“μ–. À√◊Õ„π∂ÿßπÈ”¥’) Õæ—∑∏–ªîμμ– (πÈ”¥’∑’ËÕ¬ŸàπÕ°Ωí°À√◊Õ ‡À¡—πμƒ¥Ÿ [‡À¡—πμ–√÷¥Ÿ] ¥Ÿ„π ƒ¥Ÿ Û, ƒ¥Ÿ Ù ·≈– ƒ¥Ÿ ˆ. πÕ°∂ÿßπÈ”¥’) ·≈–°”‡¥“ (‡ª≈«·Ààß§«“¡√âÕπ À√◊Õ ‡À¡—πμ§‘¡À—πμƒ¥Ÿ [‡À¡—πμ–§‘¡À—πμ–√÷¥Ÿ] ¥Ÿ„π ƒ¥Ÿ Ù. §«“¡√âÕπ∑’Ë‰¥â®“°°“√ —π¥“ª„π√à“ß°“¬). ‡Àπâ“ Ò. «. ‡ ’¬·≈–¡’°≈‘Ëπ‡À¡Áπ ªí®®∫—π‡¢’¬πÿ ‡πà“. Ú. «. §«“¡ ¡ÿØ∞“π«“μ– π. ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë·√°‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§Õ—π‡°‘¥®“°≈¡ ·∫àß À¡“¬∑—Ë«‰ªÀ¡“¬∂÷ß √ÿàπ, ÿÀπà¡, “«, „™â‡¢â“§Ÿà°—∫§”«à“Àπÿà¡ ÕÕ°‡ªìπ Û Õ¬à“ß ‰¥â·°à À∑—¬«“μ– (≈¡„πÀ—«„® Õ—π∑”„Àâ ‡ªìπÀπÿà¡‡Àπâ“ À¡“¬∂÷ß°”≈—ß “« °”≈—ßÀπÿà¡. À—«„®∑”ß“π‡ªìπª°μ‘) —μ∂°«“μ– (≈¡∑’Ë∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥Õ“°“√ Õ‚∏§¡“«“μ“ [Õ–‚∑§–¡“«“μ“] π. ≈¡æ—¥μ—Èß·μà»’√…–∂÷ßª≈“¬ ‡ ’¬¥·∑ßμ“¡ à«πμà“ß Ê ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬) ÿ¡π“«“μ– (≈¡ ‡∑â“, ∫“ßμ”√“«à“æ—¥μ—Èß·μà≈”‰ âπâÕ¬∂÷ß∑«“√Àπ—° ‡™àπ „π‡ âπ Õ—π∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥Õ“°“√ª«¥‡¡◊ËÕ¬). ≈¡∑’Ë‡°‘¥®“°°“√º“¬≈¡, ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ˆ ¡ÿØ∞“π‡ ¡À– π. ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë·√°‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§Õ—π‡°‘¥®“°‡ ¡À– ™π‘¥¢Õß∏“μÿ≈¡,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ≈¡. (‡ ≈¥) ·∫àßÕÕ°‡ªìπ Û Õ¬à“ß ‰¥â·°à »Õ‡ ¡À– (‡ ¡À– Õæ—∑∏–ªîμμ– ¥Ÿ„π ¡ÿØ∞“πªîμμ–. „π≈”§Õ) Õÿ√–‡ ¡À– (‡ ¡À–„πÕ°) §Ÿ∂‡ ¡À– (‡ ¡À– Õ—ß§¡—ß§“πÿ “√’«“μ“ π. ≈¡æ—¥∑—Ë« √’√–°“¬ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ „π â«ß∑«“√). Ò „π ˆ ™π‘¥¢Õß∏“μÿ≈¡,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ≈¡. —μ∂°«“μ– [ —¥μ–∂–°–«“μ–] ¥Ÿ„π ¡ÿØ∞“π«“μ–. Õ—∞‘ [Õ—¥∂‘] π. °√–¥Ÿ° ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ —πμ—ªªí§§’ [ —πμ—∫ªí°§’] π. ‰ø∑”„Àâ√à“ß°“¬Õ∫Õÿàπ ∑”„Àâ√à“ß°“¬ ¥‘π, ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. Õÿàπ‡ªìπª√°μ‘ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ù ™π‘¥¢Õß∏“μÿÕ—∞‘¡‘≠™—ß [Õ—¥∂‘¡‘π™—ß] π. ‡¬◊ËÕ„π°√–¥Ÿ° ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò ‰ø, ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ‰ø. „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. “§√ª√–‡∑» [ “§Õπª√–‡∑¥] π. ∂“π∑’Ë´÷Ëß¡’¿¡‘ª√–‡∑»‡ªìπŸ Õ—πμ§ÿπ—ß π. ≈”‰ â‡≈Á° μ”√“·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬‡√’¬° ‰ âπâÕ¬ ‡ªìπ ¥‘πªπ°√«¥∑√“¬ ¡’Ωπμ°πâÕ¬ μ”√“·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬«à“ Õß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. ¡—°‡ªìπ∑’Ë‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§Õ—π‡°‘¥®“°‚≈À‘μ·≈–°”‡¥, ¥Ÿ„π Õ—πμ—ß π. ≈”‰ â„À≠à μ”√“·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬‡√’¬° ‰ â„À≠à ‡ªìπ ª√–‡∑» ¡ÿØ∞“π. Õß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. “∏“√≥ª√–‡∑» [ “∑“√–π–ª√–‡∑¥] π. ∂“π∑’Ë´÷Ëß¡’¿Ÿ¡‘ Õ—π∏°“√å π. §«“¡¡◊¥, §«“¡¡—«, §«“¡¡◊¥¡π, ‡«≈“§Ë”, §«“¡ ª√–‡∑»‡ªìπ¥‘πªπ°√«¥∑√“¬ ‡ªóÕ°μ¡ ∑—Èß∑’Ë‡ªìππÈ”®◊¥ ‡¢≈“. ªí®®ÿ∫—π‡¢’¬π Õπ∏°“√, Õ—π∏°“√. ·≈–πÈ”‡§Á¡ μ”√“·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬«à“¡—°‡ªìπ∑’Ë‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§ Õ— “ ªí “ «“μ“ π. ≈¡À“¬„®‡¢â“ÕÕ° ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò Õ—π‡°‘¥®“°‡≈◊Õ¥ ≈¡ °”‡¥“ ¥’ ·≈–‡ ¡À–, ¥Ÿ„π ª√–‡∑» „π ˆ ™π‘¥¢Õß∏“μÿ≈¡. ‡¢’¬π«à“Õ— “ –ªí “ –«“μ“, ¡ÿØ∞“π. Õ— å “ ªí å “ «“μ“ °Á¡’, ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ≈¡. “√∑ƒ¥Ÿ [ “√–∑–√÷¥Ÿ] ¥Ÿ„π ƒ¥Ÿ ˆ. Õ— ÿ [Õ—¥ ÿ] π. πÈ”μ“ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ÒÚ ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ ‘ß¶“π‘°“ π. πÈ”¡Ÿ° ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ÒÚ ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ πÈ”, ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿπÈ”. πÈ”, ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿπÈ”. Õ“°“»∏“μÿ [Õ“°“¥∑“¥, Õ“°“¥ –∑“¥] Ò. π. ∏“μÿÀπ÷Ëß∑’Ë ÿ¡π“«“μ– [ ÿ¡–π“«“μ–]¥Ÿ„π ¡ÿØ∞“π«“μ–. ª√–°Õ∫¢÷Èπ‡ªìπ√à“ß°“¬¡πÿ…¬å (μ“¡∑ƒ…Æ’°“√·æ∑¬å ‡ ‚∑ π. ‡Àß◊ËÕ ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ÒÚ ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿπÈ”,¥Ÿ„π Õ“¬√‡«∑ÿ °“√·æ∑¬å¬π“π‘Ÿ ·≈–°“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π≈â“ππ“) ∏“μÿπÈ”. μ”√“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬∫“ß‡≈à¡ ‡™àπ μ”√“‡«™»“ μ√å ‡ ¡À—ß [‡ ¡À—ß] π. ‡ ≈¥, ‡¡◊Õ°, ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ÒÚ ©∫—∫À≈«ß √—™°“≈∑’Ë ı ‡≈à¡ Ú „π§—¡¿’√å¡À“‚™μ√—μ ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿπÈ”, ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿπÈ”. °≈à“«∂÷ßÕ“°“»∏“μÿ«à“ç...≈—°…≥–Õ“°“»∏“μÿ π—Èπ ¡’Õ¬Ÿà∑—Èß À∑¬—ß [À–∑–¬—ß] π. À—«„® ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß ¿“¬„π¿“¬πÕ° ÿ¥·μà¡’√–À«à“ß„π∑’Ë„¥∑’Ëπ—Èπ°Á‡√’¬°«à“ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ¯ı

Õ“°“»∏“μ ÿ §«“¡æ‘ ¥“√Õ¬Ÿà„π§—¡¿’√åÕ“°“»§—≥∞’‚πâπ...é. «à“ çÀπ÷Ëß‡≈à“®—° ”·¥ß „Àâ√Ÿâ·®âß‡¥◊Õπƒ¥Ÿ ∑—Èß “¡μ“¡·∫∫ Ú. »—æ∑å∑—Ë«‰ª À¡“¬∂÷ß ™àÕß«à“ß ∑’Ë«à“ß §«“¡«à“ß‡ª≈à“ §√Ÿ §‘¡À–«– —πμå‡À¡—πμå ‡¥◊Õπ ‘∫·√¡§Ë”Àπ÷Ëß ∂÷ß‡¥◊Õπ Õ“‚ª∏“μÿ ¥Ÿ ∏“μÿπÈ”. ·ª¥‡æÁ≠ §‘¡À—πμå ‚√§‡°‘¥ƒ¥Ÿπ—Èπ ‡μ‚™∏“μÿ«‘°“√“ Õ“‚ª∏“μÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π ¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π. ‚≈À‘μ‡ªπμâπ‰¢â ¡—°∑”„Àâ‚∑…π“π“...é. Õ“¬ÿ√‡«∑ [Õ“¬ÿ√–‡«¥] π. »“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬å¥—Èß‡¥‘¡∑’Ë‡°à“·°à Õÿμÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π π. ƒ¥Ÿ‡ªìπ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë·√°‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§ μ”√“·æ∑¬å »“ μ√åÀπ÷Ëß ¡’°”‡π‘¥„πª√–‡∑»Õ‘π‡¥’¬μ—Èß·μà°àÕπ¬ÿ§ ·ºπ‰∑¬·∫àßƒ¥ÕÕ°‡ªìπŸ Û ·∫∫ §◊Õ ƒ¥ Ÿ Û ƒ¥ Ÿ Ù ·≈–ƒ¥Ÿ æ√–‡«∑ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬·π«∑“ß„π°“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ °“√ ˆ, ƒ¥Ÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π °Á‡√’¬°. ªÑÕß°—π·≈–√—°…“‚√§·∫∫Õß§å√«¡ ´÷Ëß‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß°“¬ ®‘μ Õÿ∑∏—ß§¡“«“μ“ [Õ¥∑—ß§–¡“«“μ“]ÿ π. ≈¡æ—¥μ—Èß·μàª≈“¬‡∑â“∂÷ß —ß§¡ ·≈–«‘≠≠“≥, (¡“®“°§” Õ“¬ÿ ·ª≈«à“ ™’«‘μ °—∫ »’√…–, ∫“ßμ”√“«à“æ—¥μ—Èß·μà°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√∂÷ß≈”§Õ ‡«∑ ·ª≈«à“ §«“¡√Ÿâ). ·≈â«ÕÕ°∑“ßª“° ‡™àπ ≈¡∑’Ë‡°‘¥®“°°“√‡√Õ, ‡ªìπÕß§å Õ“¬ÿ ¡ÿØ∞“π π. Õ“¬‡ªìπ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë·√°‡°‘¥¢Õß‚√§ÿ μ”√“·æ∑¬å ª√–°Õ∫ Ò „π ˆ ™π‘¥¢Õß∏“μÿ≈¡,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ≈¡. ·ºπ‰∑¬·∫àßÕ“¬ÿ¢Õß¡πÿ…¬åÕÕ°‡ªìπ Û «—¬ §◊Õ ª∞¡«—¬Õÿ∑√‘¬—ß [Õ∑–√‘¬—ß]ÿ π. Õ“À“√∑’Ë°‘π‡¢â“‰ª„À¡à Ê ‡ªìπÕß§åª√–°Õ∫ ¡—™¨‘¡«—¬ ·≈–ªí®©‘¡«—¬. Ò „π Ú ‘Ëß¢Õß∏“μÿ¥‘π,¥Ÿ„π ∏“μÿ¥‘π. Õÿμÿ π. ƒ¥Ÿ „π∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ƒ¥Ÿ‡ªìπ∑’Ëμ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ∑’Ë·√° Õÿ√–‡ ¡À– ¥Ÿ„π ¡ÿØ∞“π‡ ¡À–. ‡°‘¥Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß¢Õß‚√§ ‡™àπ „π§—¡¿’√å∏“μÿ«‘«√≥åμÕπÀπ÷Ëß «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬åå å∑“ß‡≈åå ◊Õ°◊◊ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°ªï∑’Ë ı ©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡-‡¡…“¬π Úıı Vol.ªï∑’Ë ı©∫5 No.—∫∑’Ë 1Ò ¡°√“§¡January-April - ‡¡…“¬π 2007Úıı ª°‘≥°– ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß

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‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß (THAO WAN PRIANG) ≈—°…≥–æ◊™ ‰¡â‡∂“À√◊Õ‰¡âæÿà¡√Õ‡≈◊ÈÕ¬ ¬“«‰¥â∂÷ß Û ‡¡μ√ Õ“® Caulis Derritis Scandense ¡’‡ âπºà“π»Ÿπ¬å°≈“ß∂÷ß Ù ‡´πμ‘‡¡μ√ °‘ËßÀâÕ¬≈ß ‡∂“¡’¢π —Èπ Derris scandens Vine πÿà¡ ÀŸ„∫¢π“¥‡≈Á° ¬“«ª√–¡“≥ Ú ¡‘≈≈‘‡¡μ√ Õ“®¡’ÀŸ„∫¬àÕ¬ ¬“«ª√–¡“≥ Ò ¡‘≈≈‘‡¡μ√ „∫ ‡ªìπ„∫ª√–°Õ∫·∫∫¢ππ°ª≈“¬ ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß‡ªìπ‡∂“·Àâß¢Õßæ◊™∑’Ë¡’™◊ËÕ«‘∑¬“»“ μ√å«à“ §’Ë ‡√’¬ß ≈—∫ „∫¬àÕ¬‡√’¬ßμ√ß¢â“¡ ¡’ ˜-ÒÛ „∫ √Ÿª‰¢àÀ√◊Õ√Ÿª√’ Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth. „π«ß»å Fabaceae °«â“ß Ò-Ú.ı ‡´πμ‘‡¡μ√ ¬“« Û-ı ‡´πμ‘‡¡μ√ ª≈“¬·À≈¡ (Leguminosae) «ß»å¬àÕ¬ PapilionoideaeÒ-Û À√◊Õ¡π ‚§π‚§âß°«â“ß º‘«„∫¥â“π≈à“ß¡’¢πª√–ª√“¬ ™àÕ¥Õ° ·∫∫ ™◊ËÕæâÕß Brachypterum scandens (Roxb.) Benth., ™àÕ°√–®–‡∑’¬¡À√◊Õ·∫∫™àÕ·¬°·¢πß‡∑’¬¡ ¬“« ¯-Ùı Dalbergia scandens Roxb., Derris timoriensis (A. DC.) ‡´πμ‘‡¡μ√ ÕÕ°μ“¡´Õ°„∫À√◊Õª≈“¬°‘Ëß ¥Õ°¬àÕ¬√Ÿª¥Õ°∂—Ë« PittierÙ,ı ¥Õ° ‡ªìπ¥Õ° ¡∫√≥å‡æ»Ÿ °≈’∫‡≈’È¬ß‡™◊ËÕ¡μ‘¥°—π‡ªìπ√ª∂â«¬Ÿ ’ ™◊ËÕÕ◊Ëπ ‡§√◊Õ‡¢“Àπ—ß, ‡∂“μ“ª≈“Ò, hogcreeperÙ ¡à«ß ª≈“¬À¬—°´’Ëøíπ ¡’¢πª√–ª√“¬ °≈’∫¥Õ°¡’ ı °≈’∫ ’¢“« ’™¡æŸ À√◊Õ ’ÕÕ°¡à«ß ¬“«æâπ°≈’∫‡≈’È¬ß¡“° °≈’∫°≈“ß‡°≈’È¬ß 1 * ª√–∏“πÕπÿ°√√¡°“√ πæ. «‘™—¬ ‚™§«‘«—≤π, √Õßª√–∏“π À√◊Õ¡’¢π¥â“π≈à“ß ‚§π°≈’∫°≈“ß¡—°¡’ ’‡¢’¬« °≈’∫§Ÿà¢â“ßμ‘¥°—∫ Õπÿ°√√¡°“√ √».¥√. ™¬—πμå æ‘‡™’¬√ ÿπ∑√, Õπÿ°√√¡°“√ ».¥√. æ‡¬“«å ‡À¡◊Õπ«ß…å≠“μ‘, √». °—≈¬“ ¿√“‰¥¬, √».¥√. «—π¥’ °ƒ…≥æ—π∏å, √».¥√. °≈’∫§Ÿà≈à“ß ‡° √‡æ»ºŸâ¡’ Ò Õ—π ‡™◊ËÕ¡°—π‡ªìπÀ≈Õ¥ √—ß‰¢à √æ’æ≈ ¿‚««“∑, π“¬«‘π‘μ Õ—»«°‘®«‘√’, πæ. ª√“‚¡∑¬å ‡ ∂’¬√√—μπå, ¥√. ‡Àπ◊Õ«ß°≈’∫ ¡’ Ò ™àÕß ¡’ÕÕ«ÿ≈ (ˆ-) ˘-Ò ‡¡Á¥ °â“π¬Õ¥ °àÕß°“π¥“ ™¬“¡ƒμ, π“ß®“√’¬å ∫—π ‘∑∏‘Ï, π. .π—π∑π“ ‘∑∏‘™—¬, π“ßπ—¬π“ «√“Õ—»«ªμ‘, π“ß‡¬Áπ®‘μ√ ‡μ™–¥”√ß ‘π, π“ßÕ¿‘≠≠“ ‡° √‡æ»‡¡’¬‚§âß‡√’¬«·À≈¡ ¬Õ¥‡° √‡æ»‡¡’¬‡≈Á°¡“° º≈ ‡ªìπ ‡«™æß»“, π“¬«ÿ≤‘ «ÿ≤‘∏√√¡‡«™, º». √.μ.Õ.À≠‘ß ÿ™“¥“ ÿ¢À√àÕß, Ωí° ·∫π √ª‰¢àÀ√◊Õ√Ÿ ª√’∂÷ß√Ÿ ª¢Õ∫¢π“π·°¡√Ÿ ª·∂∫Ÿ °«â“ß .¯- π“¬¬Õ¥«‘∑¬å °“®≠®π°“√ÿ≥, π“ßæ√∑‘æ¬å ‡μ‘¡«‘‡»…, Õπ°√√¡°“√ÿ Ò.ı ‡´πμ‘‡¡μ√ ¬“« Û-˘ ‡´πμ‘‡¡μ√ ‚§π Õ∫·§∫ ª≈“¬·À≈¡ ·≈–‡≈¢“πÿ°“√ ¥√. Õ—≠™≈’ ®Ÿ±–æÿ∑∏‘, Õπÿ°√√¡°“√·≈–ºŸâ™à«¬ ‡≈¢“πÿ°“√ π. . “√‘π’ ‡≈π–æ—π∏å, π“ß∫ÿ…√“¿√≥å ®—π∑“, ·°à‰¡à·μ° ¡’ªï°·§∫¥â“π‡¥’¬« ‡¡≈Á¥ √Ÿª‰μ ‡°≈’È¬ßÀ√◊Õ¡’√Õ¬ π. .®‘√“¿√≥å ∫ÿ≠¡“°, «à“∑’Ë √.μ. ∑«‘™ »‘√‘¡ÿ ‘°– ¬àπ ¡’ Ò-Û ‡¡≈Á¥Û-ı

¯ˆ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ¯˜

¿“æ≈“¬‡ âπ· ¥ß‡∂“, „∫, ™àÕ¥Õ°, ¥Õ° ·≈–Ωí°¢Õß‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß ¯¯ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

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∂‘Ëπ°”‡π‘¥·≈–°“√°√–®“¬æ—π∏ÿå æ◊™™π‘¥π’È¡’‡¢μ°“√°√–®“¬ ‰¡à‡√’¬∫ Õ“®¡’√àÕßÀ√◊Õ§≈◊Ëπμ“¡¬“« ¡’™àÕßÕ“°“»°√–®“¬Õ¬Ÿà æ—π∏ÿåμ—Èß·μàª√–‡∑»Õ‘π‡¥’¬ æ¡à“ ‰∑¬ ¡“‡≈‡´’¬ ‰ª®π∂÷ßμÕπ ∑—Ë«‰ª√Õ¬μ—¥ ’πÈ”μ“≈ÕàÕπ ‡ÀÁπ√Õ¬«ßªï™—¥‡®π ‡π◊ÈÕ‰¡â¡’√Ÿæ√ÿπ ‡Àπ◊Õ¢Õß∑«’ªÕÕ ‡μ√‡≈’¬ πÕ°®“°π—Èπ ¬—ßæ∫„π∑«’ª μ√ß°≈“ßÕ“®æ∫‰ â‰¡â¢π“¥‡≈Á° ’‡À≈◊Õß∂÷ß ’πÈ”μ“≈ÕàÕπ ·Õø√‘°“‡¢μ√âÕπ¥â«¬Ù ‡π◊ÈÕ·¢Áß √ ‡ΩóòÕπ‡≈Á°πâÕ¬ ≈—°…≥–‡§√◊ËÕß¬“ ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß‡ªìπ™‘Èπ à«π¢Õß‡∂“·Àâß ¡—° Õß§åª√–°Õ∫∑“ß‡§¡’ ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß¡’ “√À≈“¬™π‘¥ ∑’Ë ”§—≠ æ∫À—Ëπ‡ªìπ™‘Èπ‡≈Á°Ê ‡ª≈◊Õ°πÕ° ’πÈ”μ“≈∂÷ß ’πÈ”μ“≈·°¡ ’‡∑“ ‰¥â·°à “√°≈ÿà¡‰Õ‚´ø≈“‚«π (isoflavones) ‡™àπ ‚√∑’‚ππ (ro- Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ¯˘

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tenone), ·§π¥‘·π≈ (scandenal), ·§π‡¥Õ‚√π (scan- ‡ ¡À– ·°â‰Õ ¢—∫ªí “«– ·°â∑âÕß‡ ’¬ÒÒ ¡’ƒ∑∏‘Ï≈¥°“√Õ—°‡ ∫, derone)ˆ, Õ’∑Ÿ√Ÿπ“°“‚√π (eturunagarone), «“·√π°“‚≈π ·°âª«¥°≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÒÚ-ÒÛ μâ“π‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬ÒÙ ·≈–°√–μÿâπ (warangalone), ·§π¥‘‚ππ (scandinone)˜ ·≈–‡¥Õ√‘ ‰Õ- ¿Ÿ¡‘§ÿâ¡°—πÒı-Òˆ ‚´ø≈“‚«π (derrisisoflavone)¯ “√°≈ÿà¡‰Õ‚´ø≈“‚«π‰°≈‚§- §”‡μ◊Õπ ‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß¡’ “√∑’Ë¡’ƒ∑∏‘Ï‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—∫ŒÕ√å‚¡π‡æ» ‰´¥å (isoflavone glycosides) ‡™àπ ‡¥Õ√‘ ·§π¥‘‚π‰´¥å‡Õ À≠‘ß ®÷ß§«√√–«—ßÀ“°®–°‘πμ‘¥μàÕ°—π‡ªìπ‡«≈“π“πÛ (derriscandenoside A), ‡¥Õ√‘ ·§π¥‘‚π‰´¥å∫’ (derriscan- À¡“¬‡Àμÿ √“°¢Õß‡∂“«—≈¬å‡ª√’¬ß¡’ “√°≈ÿà¡‚√∑’‚ππ „™â‡ªìπ¬“ denoside B), ‡¥Õ√‘ ·§π¥‘‚π‰´¥å´’ (derriscandenoside C), ¶à“·¡≈ßÛ ‡∫◊ËÕª≈“ “√°≈ÿà¡π’È‡ªìπæ‘…‡©æ“–μàÕ —μ«å‡≈◊Õ¥‡¬Áπ ‡¥Õ√‘ ·§π¥‘‚π‰´¥å¥’ (derriscandenoside D), ·≈–‡¥Õ√‘ - ‰¡à¡’æ‘…μàÕ —μ«å‡≈◊Õ¥ÕÿÙ àπ ·§π¥‘‚π‰´¥åÕ’ (derriscandenoside E)˘ ·≈– “√Õπÿæ—π∏å§Ÿ- ¡“√‘π (coumarin derivatives) ‡™àπ °√¥‚√∫ÿ ∑‘° (robustic ‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß acid)Ò ‡ªìπμâπ Ò. à«πæƒ°…»“ μ√åªÉ“‰¡â ”π—°«‘™“°“√ªÉ“‰¡â °√¡ªÉ“‰¡â. ™◊ËÕæ√√≥‰¡â ·Ààßª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ ‡μÁ¡ ¡‘μ‘π—π∑πå. ©∫—∫·°â‰¢‡æ‘Ë¡‡μ‘¡. °√ÿß‡∑æœ : ¢âÕ∫àß„™â - ∫√‘…—∑ ª√–™“™π ®”°—¥. ÚıÙÙ. Àπâ“ Ò¯Û-Ù. μ”√“ √√æ§ÿ≥¬“‰∑¬«à“ ‡∂“ ¡’√ ‡ΩóòÕπ‡Õ’¬π √√æ§ÿ≥ Ú. π—π∑«—π ∫ÿ≥¬–ª√–¿—»√, Õ√πÿ™ ‚™§™—¬‡®√‘≠æ√, ∫√√≥“∏‘°“√. ¡ÿπ ¢—∫ªí “«– ·°âªí “«–æ‘°“√ ·°â∫‘¥ ·°âÀ«—¥ ‡∂“§—Ë«‰ø™ßπÈ” ‰æ√‰¡âæ◊Èπ∫â“π (Ú). °√ÿß‡∑æœ : ∫√‘…—∑ ª√–™“™π ®”°—¥. ÚıÙÒ. Àπâ“ Ú˘-Ò. ¥◊Ë¡·°âª«¥‡¡◊ËÕ¬ ∂à“¬‡ âπ ∂à“¬°√–…—¬ ·°â‡ âπ‡ÕÁπ¢Õ¥ ¢—∫ Û. æ√âÕ¡®‘μ »√≈—¡æå, «ß»å ∂‘μ¬å ©—Ë« °ÿ≈, ¡¿æ ª√–∏“π∏ÿ√“√—°…å, ‡ ¡À–Û ∫√√≥“∏‘°“√. “√“πÿ°√¡ ¡ÿπ‰æ√ ‡≈à¡ Ò ¡ÿπ‰æ√ «π ‘√’√ÿ°¢™“μ‘. °√ÿß‡∑æœ : ∫√‘…—∑ Õ¡√‘π∑√åæ√‘Èπμ‘Èß·Õπ¥åæ—∫≈‘™™‘Ëß ®”°—¥ (¡À“™π). ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈®“°°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬æ√’§≈‘π‘°æ∫«à“‡∂“„™â‡ªìπ¬“¢—∫ ÚıÙ¯. Àπâ“ ¯Ò. ˘ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

Ù. de Padua LS, π—π∑«—π ∫ÿ≥¬–ª√–¿—»√, Lemmens RHMJ, editors. Phytochemistry. 1997;44:787-96. Plant resources of south-east Asia No 12(1). Medicinal and poisonous ÒÒ. The National Commission Organizing the Celebration of the 50th plants 1. Leiden (Netherlands): Backhuys Publishers. 1999. p. 234-41. Anniversary of His Majestyûs Accession to the Thorn. Medicinal Plants ı. Phan KL, Vidal JE. Leguminosae-Papilionoideae Millettieae. In: Morat in Garden in Phutthamonthon. Bangkok: Amarin Printing. 1996. p. 63. Ph. Flore du Cambodge du Laos et du Vietnam. Vol. 30. Paris: ÒÚ. ª√“≥’ ™«≈‘μ∏”√ß¡, ∑√ßæ≈ ™’«–æ—≤πå, Õ—≠™≈’ ®Ÿ±–æÿ∑∏‘, ¥ÿ¥’ √—μπ Association de Botanique Tropicale. 2001. p. 58-60. ®√— ‚√®πå, ¡‡°’¬√μ‘ ªí≠≠“¡—ß. Chronic toxicity study of crude extract ˆ. «‘≈“«—≈¬å ¡À“∫ÿ…√“§—¡, ÿ«√√≥“ ‡¥™“∑—¬, ‡ “«≈—°…≥å æß…å‰æ®‘μ√, of Derris scandens Benth. Songklanakarin J Sci Technol. 1999;21:425- ©«’«√√≥ ®—Ëπ °ÿ≈, Taylor WC. A benzil and isoflavone derivatives 33. from Derris scandens Benth. Phytochemisrty. 2004;65(8):1185-91. ÒÛ. æ‘ ¡—¬ ‡À≈à“¿—∑√‡°…¡, Houghton PJ, Hoult J R S, Õ√ÿ≥æ√ Õ‘∞√—μπå. ˜. Rao MN, Krupadanam GLD, Srimannarayana G. Four isoflavones and An evaluation of the activity related to inflammation of four plants two 3-aryl coumarins from stems of Derris scandens. Phytochemistry. used in Thailand to treat arthritis. J Ethnopharmacol. 2003;85:207-15. 1994;37:267-9. ÒÙ. Dhawan BN, Patnaik GK, Rastogi RP, Singh KKS, Tandon JS. Screening ¯. Sekine T, Inagaki M, Ikegami F, Fujii Y, Ruangrungsi N. Six of Indian plants for biological activity: Part VI. Indian J Exp Biol. diprenylisoflavones, derrisisoflavones A-F, from Derris scandens. 1977;15:208-19. Phytochemistry. 1999;52:87-94. Òı. Õ—≠™≈’ ®Ÿ±–æÿ∑∏‘, ª√“≥’ ™«≈‘μ∏”√ß. Immunomodulating activity of ˘. «—™√‘π∑√å √ÿ°¢‰™¬»‘√‘°ÿ≈, ‡¬“«¿“ ÿ¢æ√¡“, ©«’«√√≥ ®—Ëπ °ÿ≈, Taylor Derris scandens Benth. Thai J Pharm Sci. 1998;22:137-48. WC. Isoflavone glycosides from Derris scandens. Phytochemistry. Òˆ. ∫ÿ…√“«√√≥ »√’«√√∏π–, ª√“≥’ ™«≈‘μ∏”√ß. In vitro effect of Derris 2002;60:827-34. scandens on normal lymphocyte proliferation and its activities on Ò. Wang BH, Ternai B, Polya G. Specific inhibition of cyclic AMP- natural killer cells in normals and HIV-1 infected patients. J dependent protein kinase by warangalone and robustic acid. Ethnopharmacol. 2001;76:125-29. «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬åå å∑“ß‡≈åå ◊Õ°◊◊ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Journal of Thaiªï∑’Ë Traditional ı ©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò& Alternative¡°√“§¡-‡¡…“¬π Medicine Úıı Vol. 5Vol. No. 5 No.1 1January-April January - April 20072007

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º≈°“√√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬‚√§ÀÕ∫À◊¥¥â«¬‰æ≈ ∂‘μ‘„π‡¥◊Õπ∑’Ë Ò-Û ·≈–‡¥◊Õπ∑’Ë Ú-Ù À≈—ß„Àâ‰æ≈√à«¡„π°“√ ª√–æ“Ã ¬ß„®¬ÿ∑∏*, ª√–‡«» «– ’*, ∑—»π’¬“ ÿ∏√√¡ ¡—¬*, √—°…“μ“¡≈”¥—∫. ”À√—∫°“√‡ª≈’Ë¬π·ª≈ß‡°’Ë¬«°—∫ ¡√√∂¿“æ æπ‘¥“ °“≠®π¿’**, ∑«’º≈ ‡¥™“μ‘«ß»å ≥ Õ¬ÿ∏¬“** °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕßªÕ¥π—Èπæ∫«à“§à“‡©≈’Ë¬¢ÕßÕ—μ√“‡√Á«¢Õß≈¡ *¿“§«‘™“Õ“¬ÿ√»“ μ√å §≥–·æ∑¬»“ μ√å »‘√‘√“™æ¬“∫“≈; À“¬„®ÕÕ° Ÿß ÿ¥„π Ò «‘π“∑’ (PEER) ·≈–§à“‡©≈’Ë¬¢Õß **°Õß«‘®—¬∑“ß·æ∑¬å °√¡«‘∑¬“»“ μ√å°“√·æ∑¬å ª√‘¡“μ√Õ“°“»∑’ËÀ“¬„®ÕÕ°„π Ò «‘π“∑’ (FEV1) ‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ “√»‘√‘√“™ ÚıÚ¯; Û˜: ÙÛı-Ù. ·≈–·μ°μà“ß®“°√–¥—∫æ◊Èπ∞“πÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘„π ‰æ≈‡ªìπ ¡π‰æ√™π‘¥Àπ÷Ëß∑’Ë„™â√—°…“ºÿ ŸâªÉ«¬‚√§À◊¥¡“π“π ‡¥◊Õπ∑’Ë Ú ¢Õß°“√„™â¬“‡∑à“π—Èπ. °“√„™â‰æ≈√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬‚√§ ·≈â«. «—μ∂ÿª√– ß§å¢Õß°“√»÷°…“π’È‡æ◊ËÕ∑¥ Õ∫ƒ∑∏‘Ï¢Õß‰æ≈ À◊¥„π√–¬–¬“«æ∫«à“¬“∑”„ÀâºŸâªÉ«¬ ı √“¬ ¡’°“√∂à“¬Õÿ®®“√– „π°“√ªÑÕß°—πÕ“°“√ÀÕ∫À◊¥„πºŸâªÉ«¬‚√§À◊¥‡√◊ÈÕ√—ß∑’Ë¡’Õ“°“√ ∫àÕ¬¢÷Èπ·μà‰¡à¡“° ·≈– Ò √“¬¡’Õ“°“√ª«¥»’√…–‡≈Á°πâÕ¬. ª“π°≈“ß ÚÚ √“¬, ‚¥¬∑”°“√»÷°…“·∫∫ ç‡ªî¥é ·≈–„™â¬“ ¢π“¥ ı, ˜ ·≈– Ò, ¡°. μàÕ«—π·°àºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡’πÈ” °“√√—°…“‚√§¥â«¬πÈ”æÿ√âÕπ Àπ—°μ—« Ûı-ı, ı-ıı ·≈–μ—Èß·μà ıı °°. ¢÷Èπ‰ª. °“√„™â π‘μ¬“ ¡À“º≈*, ¡™—¬ ∫«√°‘μμ‘** ¬“·∫àß„Àâ°‘π«—π≈– Ú §√—Èß. * ”π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢; ** ”π—° °“√»÷°…“æ∫«à“‰æ≈™à«¬„ÀâºŸâªÉ«¬ Ò˘ √“¬ (√âÕ¬≈– ¯.Ù) «‘∑¬“»“ μ√å √“™∫—≥±‘μ¬ ∂“π ¡’Õ“°“√¥’¢÷Èπμ—Èß·μàπâÕ¬∂÷ß¡“°, ‰¡à‰¥âº≈ Û √“¬ (√âÕ¬≈– ÒÛ.ˆ) «“√ “√«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ÚıÙÙ; Ò: ÛÛÙ - ı. ‚¥¬¡’§–·ππ¢ÕßÕ“°“√·≈–§–·ππ¢Õß°“√„™â¬“„π·μà≈–«—π „π∫“ßæ◊Èπ∑’ËªØ‘°‘√‘¬“™’«‡§¡’„μâæ◊Èπº‘«‚≈°∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥§«“¡ ≈¥≈ß ·≈–¡’§«“¡·μ°μà“ß®“°√–¥—∫æ◊Èπ∞“π∑’Ë¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß √âÕπ·≈–‡°‘¥·°ä μà“ß Ê πÈ”„μâ¥‘π®÷ß¢¬“¬μ—«·≈–ª–∑ÿÕÕ°¡“ ‡ªìππÈ”æÿ√âÕπ ´÷Ëß¡’Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ Ÿß‡°‘π°«à“ Û˜ Õß»“‡´≈‡´’¬ À√◊ÕÕÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘¢Õß√à“ß°“¬. °”¡–∂—π‰¥ÕÕ°‰´¥å §“√å∫Õπ‰¥- *°√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ÕÕ°‰´¥å ·≈–ÕÕ°‰´¥å¢Õß‰π‚μ√‡®π ‡ªìπμ—«Õ¬à“ß·°ä ∑’ËÕ“® † ”π—°«‘∑¬“»“ μ√å √“™∫—≥±‘μ¬ ∂“π ºÿ¥¢÷Èπ¡“æ√âÕ¡°—∫πÈ”√âÕπ ·≈–Õ“®¡’‡°≈◊Õ·√àÕ◊Ëπ Ê ‡™àπ

§≈Õ‰√¥å ¢÷Èπ°—∫ “¬·√à„π∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ ·≈–¬—ßÕ“®¡’ ¿“æ‡ªìπ°√¥ ‡§√◊ËÕß‡¢‘π, ·≈–√Ÿâ®—°æ‘…¢Õß¬“ß√—°¡“·μà‚∫√“≥. ¬“ß®“°æ◊™ ®“°·°ä ≈–≈“¬„ππÈ”¥â«¬. πÈ”æÿ√âÕπ¡’ª√–‚¬™πåÀ≈“¬ª√–°“√ ‡À≈à“π’È¡’Õß§åª√–°Õ∫‡§¡’‡ªìπ “√ª√–°Õ∫øïπÕ≈™π‘¥‚´à¬“« ∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å ‡™àπ ¡’√“¬ß“π«à“ºŸâªÉ«¬‚√§À◊¥ ·≈–‚√§∂ÿß≈¡ À≈“¬™π‘¥ ‡√’¬°√«¡ Ê °—π«à“ “√¬Ÿ√ÿ¨‘ÕÕ≈ (urushiol). ªÕ¥‚ªÉßæÕß ∑’ËÕÕ°°”≈—ß«à“¬πÈ”„π √–πÈ”æÿ√âÕπ ™à«¬„Àâ√–∫∫ “√‡À≈à“π’È®–∂Ÿ°æÕ≈’¬å‡¡Õ‰√´‡ªìπ‡§≈◊Õ∫ ’¥”¡—π ‚¥¬ °“√À“¬„®∑”ß“π¥’¢÷Èπ ·≈–„π°“√»÷°…“∑“ß®‘μ«‘∑¬“æ∫«à“ ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“ÕÕ°´‘‡¥∑’ø§Ÿæ≈‘ß (oxidative coupling) ·≈–ÕÕ‚μ ºŸâªÉ«¬‚√§À◊¥™“«≠’ËªÿÉπ√Ÿâ ÷°¥’¢÷Èπ. „πμÿ√°’·æ∑¬å‚√§º‘«Àπ—ß„™âÕÕ°´‘‡¥™—π ‚¥¬¡’‡Õπ´—¬¡å·≈§‡∑ ‡ªìπ “√‡√àß. “√°≈ÿà¡π’È πÈ”æ√âÕπ∑’Ë¡’ª≈“‡æ◊ËÕ√—°…“‚√§ –‡°Á¥‡ß‘πÿ (psoriasis vulgaris) ∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥Õ“°“√‚√§º‘«Àπ—ßÕ—°‡ ∫‡Àμÿ —¡º— „π§π∫“ß§π æ∫«à“πÈ”æÿ√âÕπ„Àâº≈¥’°«à“°“√„™â¬“ μ’√Õ¬¥å∑“‡©æ“–∑’Ë. ‡π◊ËÕß®“°¿¡‘‰«‡°‘πƒ∑∏‘Ï‡π‘ËπŸ Õ—π¡’°≈«‘∏“πæ÷Ëß‡´≈≈å∑’Ë ≈—∫´—∫´âÕπ. à«πº≈¢â“ß‡§’¬ß‰¡àæ÷ßª√– ß§å¢Õß°“√Õ“∫πÈ”æÿ√âÕπ∑’Ë ‡§¬¡’√“¬ß“π ‰¥â·°à ∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥Õ“°“√√–§“¬‡§◊Õßº‘«Àπ—ß ‚√§¿—¬‰¢â‡®Á∫„π√—™ ¡—¬ ¡‡¥Á®æ√–π“√“¬≥å ‡æ√“–πÈ”¡’ ¿“æ‡ªìπ°√¥¡“° ·≈–¡’§«“¡‡¢â¡°”¡–∂—π·≈– ¡À“√“™ ‡°≈◊Õ§≈Õ‰√¥å¡“°, ‡°‘¥À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥Õÿ¥μ—π (thrombosis) ∑√ß √√§å π‘≈°”·Àß, ¡™—¬ ∫«√°‘μμ‘ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°§«“¡√âÕπ∑”„Àâ¡’°“√‡ª≈’Ë¬π·ª≈ß„π‡≈◊Õ¥ ‡°‘¥‡¡Á¥ √“™∫—≥±‘μ¬ ∂“π ΩÕ¬À≈ÿ¥ÕÕ°®“°‡°≈Á¥‡≈◊Õ¥. „πºŸâ ŸßÕ“¬ÿÀ≈—ßÕ“∫πÈ”æÿ√âÕπ «“√ “√√“™∫—≥±‘μ¬ ∂“π ÚıÙı; Ú˜: ¯ı¯-˜. Õ“®∑”„Àâ‡π◊ÈÕ ¡Õßμ“¬ (cerebral infarction) ‰¥â. πÕ°®“°π’È °“√‡°‘¥·°à‡®Á∫μ“¬‡ªìπ∏√√¡™“μ‘¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å∑ÿ°™“μ‘∑ÿ° ¬—ßÕ“®∑”„Àâ‡°‘¥°“√μ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕμà“ß Ê ‡™àπ ‡°‘¥μÿà¡∑’Ëº‘«Àπ—ß ¿“…“ §«“¡√Ÿâ„π‡√◊ËÕß‚√§¿—¬‰¢â‡®Á∫ ·≈–¬“∫”∫—¥√—°…“‚√§®÷ß (sporotrichoid dermatosis) ®“°°“√μ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ¡—¬‚§·∫§∑’ ‡ªìπ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“Õ—π∫√‘ ÿ∑∏‘Ï∑’Ë¡πÿ…¬å„π·μà≈–∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ®–»÷°…“ ‡√’¬¡∑’Ë‰¡à„™à«—≥‚√§, ‚√§≈’‡®’¬π·π√å ®“° Legionella pneu- §âπ§«â“¢÷Èπ‡Õß °àÕπ∑’Ë®–æ—≤π“‰ª Ÿà°“√·≈°‡ª≈’Ë¬π§«“¡√Ÿâ mophila, ‚√§ ¡ÕßÕ—°‡ ∫®“°‡™◊ÈÕÕ–¡’∫“‡ √’ Naegleria √–À«à“ß°—π. §«“¡√Ÿâ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‚√§¿—¬‰¢â‡®Á∫¢Õß§π‰∑¬°Á‡™àπ°—π fowleri. ·≈–§ß®–¡’¡“™â“π“π°àÕπ ¡—¬ ÿ‚¢∑—¬¢÷Èπ‰ª¥â«¬ª√“°Ø§«“¡ ¥—ßπ—Èπ ®÷ß§«√∑”°“√»÷°…“πÈ”æÿ√âÕπ¿“¬„πª√–‡∑»∑—Èß ∫“ßμÕπ„πÀπ—ß ◊Õ ‰μ√¿Ÿ¡‘°∂“ ´÷Ëß‡ªìπ«√√≥°√√¡ ¡—¬ ¥â“π°“¬¿“æ ¥â“π‡§¡’ °“√ªπ‡ªóôÕπ∑“ß™’«¿“æ ·≈–«‘∑¬“°“√ ÿ‚¢∑—¬∑’Ë· ¥ß§«“¡√Ÿâ∑“ß°“¬«‘¿“§»“ μ√åÕ¬à“ß‡ªìπ√–∫∫ √–∫“¥∑’Ë‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß°—∫°“√„™â∫√‘°“√„π≈—°…≥–μà“ß Ê ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ √«¡∑—Èß≈—°…≥–‚√§¿—¬‰¢â‡®Á∫μ“¡§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ¢Õß§π ¡—¬π—Èπ. ‡°‘¥Õß§å§«“¡√Ÿâ∑’Ë “¡“√∂π”‰ª„™â„π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡·≈–ªÑÕß°—π §√—Èπ¡“„π ¡—¬Õ¬ÿ∏¬“μÕπμâπ Àπà«¬ß“π∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å °“√„™âª√–‚¬™πå®“°πÈ”æÿ√âÕπ‰¡à„Àâ‡°‘¥Õ—πμ√“¬·≈–º≈√â“¬μàÕ ·ºπ‰∑¬∑’Ëª√“°Ø„π∑”‡π’¬∫»—°¥‘π“¢â“√“™°“√æ≈‡√◊Õπ „π ÿ¢¿“æÕπ“¡—¬. °ÆÀ¡“¬μ√“ “¡¥«ß∑’Ëμ√“¢÷Èπ„π æ.». Ò˘˘¯, ¡’∑—Èß°√¡·æ∑¬“ °√¡À¡Õ¬“ °√¡À¡Õ°ÿ¡“√ °√¡À¡Õπ«¥ °√¡À¡Õ¬“μ“ æƒ°…»“ μ√å Õß§åª√–°Õ∫‡§¡’ ·≈–æ‘…¢Õßμâπ√—° °√¡À¡Õ«√√≥‚√§ ·≈–‚√ßæ√–‚Õ ∂, ·μà≈–°√¡¡’‡®â“°√¡ ™¬—πμå æ‘‡™’¬√ ÿπ∑√, ¡™—¬ ∫«√°‘μμ‘ ·≈–¢â“√“™°“√μ”·Àπàßμà“ß Ê ≈¥À≈—Ëπ°—π‰ª ‡™àπ ‡®â“°√¡‚√ß ”π—°«‘∑¬“»“ μ√å √“™∫—≥±‘μ¬ ∂“π æ√–‚Õ ∂ §◊ÕÕÕ°≠“·æ∑¬æß…“«‘ ÿ∑∏“∏‘∫¥’Õ–‰¿¬æ‘√’¬ «“√ “√√“™∫—≥±‘μ¬ ∂“π ÚıÙı; Ú¯: Ùıˆ-ˆÙ. ∫√“°√¡æ“Àÿ ®“ß«“ß·æ∑¬“‚√ßæ√–‚Õ ∂¡’»—°¥‘π“∂÷ß Ú. μâπ√—°‡ªìπæ◊™À≈“¬ °ÿ≈À≈“¬™π‘¥„π«ß»å Anacar- diaceae. μâπ√—°∑’Ë ”§—≠¡’™◊ËÕæƒ°…»“ μ√å«à“ Gluta usitata æƒ°…‚Õ ∂ (Wall.) Ding Hou. §π‰∑¬„™â à«πμà“ß Ê ¢Õßæ◊™π’È‡ªìπ¬“ ™¬—πμå æ‘‡™’¬√ ÿπ∑√, ¡™—¬ ∫«√°‘μμ‘, «‘‡™’¬√ ®’√«ß å ¡ÿπ‰æ√, „™â¬“ß®“°æ◊™æ«°π’ÈÀ≈“¬™π‘¥∑“‡§≈◊Õ∫æ◊Èπº‘«∑’Ë ”π—°«‘∑¬“»“ μ√å √“™∫—≥±‘μ¬ ∂“π μâÕß°“√„πß“π‡¢’¬ππÈ”¬“ªî¥∑Õß√¥πÈ”, „™â∑“‡§≈◊Õ∫‡§√◊ËÕß‰¡â «“√ “√√“™∫—≥±‘μ¬ ∂“π ÚıÙı; Ú˜ (©∫—∫æ‘‡»…): ˆÛ˘-ˆÚ. ‡§√◊ËÕß®—° “π„πß“πÀ—μ∂°√√¡æ◊Èπ∫â“π∑’Ë‡√’¬° ‡§√◊ËÕß√—° À√◊Õ °“√„™âæ√√≥æƒ°…™“μ‘‡ªìπ¬“∫”∫—¥‚√§Õ“®¡’°”‡π‘¥¡“ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ˘Û

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μ“¡≈”¥—∫. ºŸâ√“¬ß“π„Àâ¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–«à“„π ∂“π∫√‘°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢§«√¡’°“√®—¥∫√‘°“√¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬„Àâ ª√– ‘∑∏‘º≈·≈–§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬¢Õß¬“∏“μÿÕ∫‡™¬ À≈“°À≈“¬°‘®°√√¡ ‡™àπ ¥â“π àß‡ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ §«√¡’°“√®—¥ „π°“√√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬‚√§∏“μÿæ‘°“√‡ÀμÿÀπâ“∑’Ë ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬¥â«¬∑à“ƒÂ…’¥—¥μπ °“√Ωñ°‚¬§– °“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘ ¡“∏‘ ÿπ—π∑“ ®‘π¥“√—μπåÒ, ©«’«√√≥ ¡à«ßπâÕ¬Ò, ¥≈‘™“™—Ëß ‘√‘æ√Ò, Õπ™‘μÿ ·≈– “∏‘μÕ“À“√ ÿ¢¿“æ·°àºŸâ¡“√—∫∫√‘°“√. „π°≈ÿà¡ª√–™“™π ª≈“∑ÕßÒ, ∫—ßÕ√ ∏√¡π§√“Ò, ¥«ß√—μπå ‡™’Ë¬«™“≠«‘∑¬åÚ, «‘¿“√—μπå ∑—Ë«‰ª§«√¡’°“√ √â“ß°√–· „Àâª√–™“™π‰¥â√—∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ «ß»å«“π«—≤π“Ú, πæ«√√≥ √ÿàß√—ß ’Ú, °”‰√ °ƒμ»‘≈ªáÚ, π—∑∏’√“ ¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ‚¥¬®—¥¡À°√√¡·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ·°â«°ÕßÚ, “¬√ÿâß °—π∑«√√≥Ú, π‘≈‡πμ√ «’√– ¡∫—μ‘Û, «’≥“ ¡ß§≈ √–¥—∫®—ßÀ«—¥μàÕ‡π◊ËÕß∑ÿ°ªï ·≈–¡’°“√ª√–™“ —¡æ—π∏å„Àâ§«“¡√Ÿâ æ√Û, «‘‰≈ ª√–°Õ∫°‘®Û, ¢π‘…∞“ «—≈≈’æß…åÛ, ™—™«“≈ ¡≥’°ÿ≈Û, ¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬‚¥¬ºà“π ◊ËÕ™àÕß∑“ßμà“ß Ê Õ¬à“ßμàÕ‡π◊ËÕß »‘…Ø‘§¡ ‡∫Á≠®¢—π∏åÙ, ªî¬¡‘μ√ ∫ÿ≠ª°Ù, «‘‰≈«√√≥ §ÿ≥ ÿ∑∏‘ÏÙ, ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ‡°‘¥°“√¬Õ¡√—∫∫√‘°“√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬„π®—ßÀ«—¥ ≈—¥¥“«—≈¬å ∑Õß‡°≈’¬«Ù, Õ¥‘ √≥å «√√∏π–»—°¥‘Ïı, ®‘√—≠≠“ ¡ÿ¢¢—π∏åı, ÿæ√√≥∫ÿ√’‡æ‘Ë¡¡“°¢÷Èπ. ™—¬«—≤πå ®—μμÿæ√ˆ, °ÿ≈≈≥“ μ—πμ‘ª√–«√√≥ˆ, »‘√‘√ÿàß ∏’√–«ß»å‡ √’ˆ, ‡ “«§π∏å Õ—»«»√’ ÿ«√√≥ˆ, æ®«√√≥ ∏√√¡‡®√‘≠ˆ, ∏—π¬æ√ ·°â« π∏¬“˜, Õ—≠™≈’ ®Ÿ±–æÿ∑∏˜, æ√æ√∑‘æ¬å ‡μ‘¡«‘¨»…ˆ, ·≈–«‘…≥ÿ °“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬„ππÈ” ∏√√¡≈‘¢‘μ°ÿ≈¯. ªî¬–¿—∑√ ‡¥™æ√–∏√√¡ Ò‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈ÕŸà∑Õß ®—ßÀ«—° ÿæ√√≥∫ÿ√’ ˜ÚÒˆ ¿“§«‘™“‡«™»“ μ√åøóôπøŸ, §≥–·æ∑¬»“ μ√å»‘√‘√“™æ¬“∫“≈, Ú‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈∫“ß°√–∑ÿà¡ ®—ßÀ«—¥æ‘…≥ÿ‚≈° ˆıÒÒ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ Û‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈ Ÿß‡π‘π ®—ßÀ«—¥π§√√“™ ’¡“ ÛÒ˜ “√»‘√‘√“™ ÚıÙ˘; ı¯: ˆÛ-Ù. Ù‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈ ¡‡¥Á®æ√–¬æ√“™‡≈‘ßπ°∑“ÿ ®—ßÀ«—¥¬‚ ∏√ ÛıÒÚ °“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬„ππÈ” (aquatic exercise) ‡ªìπ°“√„™â ı‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈°ÿ¥™ÿ¡ ®—ßÀ«—¥¬‚ ∏√ ÛıÒÙ §ÿ≥ ¡∫—μ‘¢ÕßπÈ”‡æ◊ËÕª√–‚¬™πå„π°“√‡æ‘Ë¡§«“¡·¢Áß·√ß¢Õß ˆ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈«—ß®—π∑√å ®—ßÀ«—¥√–¬Õß ÚÒÚÒ √à“ß°“¬∑—Èß°“√ √â“ß‡ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–°“√√—°…“‚√§. °“√ÕÕ° ˜ ∂“∫—π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈– °”≈—ß°“¬„ππÈ”∑”‰¥â Ú «‘∏’ §◊Õ ·™à‡©æ“– à«π·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“ °“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°, °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ¢ÿ ®—ßÀ«—¥ππ∑∫√’ÿ ÒÒ ·≈–·™à∑—Èß√à“ß°“¬≈ß„ππÈ”. ∫∑§«“¡π’È°≈à“«∂÷ß‡©æ“–°“√ÕÕ° ¯¿“§«‘™“Õ“¬ÿ√»“ μ√å §≥–·æ∑¬»“ μ√å»‘√‘√“™æ¬“∫“≈ °”≈—ß°“¬·∫∫·™à∑—Èß√à“ß°“¬≈ß„ππÈ” ´÷Ëß‡√’¬°«à“ °“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ °√ÿß‡∑æ¡À“π§√ Ò˜ °“π„ππÈ”. °“√„™âπÈ”‡æ◊ËÕª√–‚¬™πå ”À√—∫°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬ “√»‘√‘√“™ ÚıÙ˘; ı¯: ÒÒÛ-ˆ. π—ÈπμâÕß¡’§«“¡√Ÿâ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫§ÿ≥ ¡∫—μ‘∑“ß°“¬¿“æ¢ÕßπÈ”·≈– ∫ÿ§≈“°√∑“ß·æ∑¬å∑’ËªØ‘∫—μ‘ß“π∑’Ë‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈™¡™π√—°…“ÿ §«“¡‡¢â“„®„π‡√◊ËÕß¢Õß √’√«‘∑¬“¢Õß√–∫∫μà“ßÊ „π√à“ß°“¬∑’Ë ºŸâªÉ«¬‚√§∏“μÿæ‘°“√‡ÀμÿÀπâ“∑’Ë (functional dyspepsia) ¥â«¬ ‡ª≈’Ë¬π·ª≈ß‰ª¢≥–∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„ππÈ” ‡æ◊ËÕ “¡“√∂·π–π”·≈– ¬“∏“μÿÕ∫‡™¬æ∫«à“ºŸâªÉ«¬ à«π¡“°¡’Õ“°“√∑ÿ‡≈“À√◊ÕÕ“°“√ „Àâ°“√√—°…“∑’Ë‡À¡“– ¡·°àºŸâªÉ«¬·μà≈–√“¬‰¥â. °“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß À“¬‰ª ·μà¬—ß‰¡à¡’°“√«‘®—¬∑“ß‡«™°√√¡‡æ◊ËÕª√–‡¡‘πª√– ‘∑∏‘- °“¬„ππÈ”¡’ª√–‚¬™πå∑—Èß„π¥â“π°“√√—°…“·≈– àß‡ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ. º≈·≈–§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬¢Õß¬“∏“μÿÕ∫‡™¬μ”√—∫π’È. °“√„™â°“√ÕÕ°°”≈—ß°“¬„ππÈ”Õ¬à“ß¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æμâÕß‡¢â“„® «—μ∂ÿª√– ß§å : ‡æ◊ËÕ∑√“∫ª√– ‘∑∏‘º≈ §«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬¢Õß §ÿ≥ ¡∫—μ‘∑“ß°“¬¿“æ¢ÕßπÈ”·≈–º≈∑“ß √’√«‘∑¬“μàÕ√–∫∫ °“√√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬‚√§∏“μÿæ‘°“√‡ÀμÿÀπâ“∑’Ë μà“ßÊ ∑’Ë‡ª≈’Ë¬π·ª≈ß‰ª„π¢≥–∑’Ë√à“ß°“¬Õ¬Ÿà„ππÈ” ·≈–¬—ßμâÕß ¥â«¬¬“∏“μÿÕ∫‡™¬. ª√–‡¡‘π ¿“«–¢ÕßºŸâªÉ«¬·μà≈–√“¬°àÕπ„Àâ°“√√—°…“ ‡æ◊ËÕ «‘∏’°“√ : °“√«‘®—¬¥â«¬°“√»÷°…“§«∫§ÿ¡·∫∫ ÿà¡ (ran- §«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬, À≈’°‡≈’Ë¬ßº≈¢â“ß‡§’¬ß ·≈–„Àâº≈°“√√—°…“ domized controlled study) ∑’Ë‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈™ÿ¡™π ˆ ·Ààß ‡ªìπ‰ªμ“¡‡ªÑ“À¡“¬∑’ËμâÕß°“√ ”À√—∫ºŸâªÉ«¬·μà≈–√“¬. „πºŸâ„À≠à∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–‡«™°√√¡¢Õß‚√§∏“μæ‘°“√‡Àμÿ Àπâ“∑’Ëÿ ÛÒ¯ §π ´÷Ëß¡’≈—°…≥–∑—Ë«‰ª‰¡à·μ°μà“ß°—πÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘. Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ˘ı

ºŸâªÉ«¬∂° Ÿ ÿà¡„Àâ‰¥â°‘π¬“ ‰ ‡¡∏‘‚§π (simethicone) ¢π“¥ Òı º≈°“√»÷°…“ : ºŸâªÉ«¬°≈ÿà¡‰ ‡¡∏‘‚§π√âÕ¬≈– ¯Ú ·≈– ¡°. «—π≈– Û §√—ÈßÀ≈—ßÕ“À“√ Òı §π, ·≈–°‘π¬“∏“μÿ °≈ÿà¡¬“∏“μÿÕ∫‡™¬ √âÕ¬≈– ¯˘.Û (§à“æ’ = .˘) °‘π¬“§√∫; Õ∫‡™¬§√—Èß≈– Û ¡°. «—π≈– Û §√—ÈßÀ≈—ßÕ“À“√ Òˆ¯ §π À≈—ß°“√√—°…“ Õ“°“√ºŸâªÉ«¬‰¡à·μ°μà“ß°—π‚¥¬π—¬ ∂‘μ‘ ·≈– μ‘¥μàÕ°—ππ“π ˜-ÒÙ «—π. ºŸâªÉ«¬‰¥â√—∫°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈°“√√—°…“ ®”π«πºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡’Õ“°“√¥’¢÷Èπ¡“°À√◊ÕÀ“¬‰ª‰¡à·μ°μà“ß°—π ˜ ·≈– ÒÙ «—πÀ≈—ß°“√√—°…“ ‚¥¬ª√–‡¡‘πÕ“°“√, §«“¡ ‚¥¬π—¬ ∂‘μ‘; º≈¢â“ß‡§’¬ß¢Õß°“√√—°…“æ∫„πºŸâªÉ«¬°≈ÿà¡ ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ¢Õß°“√°‘π¬“, º≈¢â“ß‡§’¬ß ·≈–§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®¢Õß ‰ ‡¡∏‘‚§π √âÕ¬≈– ˘.Û ·≈–„π°≈ÿà¡¬“∏“μÕ∫‡™¬ÿ √âÕ¬≈– ˘.ı ºŸâªÉ«¬. «‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡≈¥â«¬ ∂‘μ‘‡™‘ßæ√√≥π“,Ÿ ‰¶ ·§«√å, stu- ºŸâªÉ«¬ à«π¡“°æ÷ßæÕ„®μàÕ°“√√—°…“¥â«¬¬“∑—Èß Ú ¢π“π‰¡à dent t test, analysis of variance À√◊Õ non-parametric ·μ°μà“ß°—π. §à“„™â®à“¬¢ÕßºŸâ„™â¬“∏“μÕ∫‡™¬ª√–¡“≥ÿ Ûˆ ∫“∑ test. ¢Õß‰ ‡¡∏‘‚§π ª√–¡“≥ ¯Ù ∫“∑. «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬åå å∑“ß‡≈åå ◊Õ°◊◊ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°ªï∑’Ë ı ©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡-‡¡…“¬π Úıı Vol.ªï∑’Ë ı©∫5 No.—∫∑’Ë 1Ò ¡°√“§¡January-April - ‡¡…“¬π 2007Úıı

¢à“«°®°√√¡°“√·æ∑¬‘ ·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å ∑“ß‡≈å Õ°◊

§Õ≈¡π— ¢àå “«π’È‡ª¥¢î π‡æ÷È Õ∫◊Ë π∑— ÷°°‘®°√√¡ ”§—≠¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å ∑“ß‡≈å Õ°¢Õß°√¡æ◊ ≤π“°“√·æ∑¬— ·ºπå ‰∑¬ ·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑“ß‡≈å Õ°◊ °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ¢ÿ ·≈–‡Àμ°“√≥ÿ ”§å —≠‡°¬«°’Ë ∫°“√·æ∑¬— ·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å ∑“ß‡≈å Õ°◊ ∑’Ë‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ„πª√–‡∑»‰∑¬.

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∑”æ‘∏’‡ªî¥°“√ª√–™ÿ¡‚¥¬ π“¬·æ∑¬å ¡¬» ‡®√‘≠ ∫√‘°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ‚¥¬ √». ¥√. ™¬—πμå æ‘‡™’¬√ »—°¥‘Ï Õ∏‘∫¥’°√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√ ÿπ∑√ ·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ·≈–π“¬·æ∑¬åª√“‚¡∑¬å ‡ ∂’¬√√—μπå -√Ÿª·∫∫·≈–°“√π”‡ πÕº≈ß“π«‘®—¬∑“ß§≈‘π‘° ºŸâÕ”π«¬°“√ ∂“∫—π·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬. ‚¥¬ º». ¥√. ®√√¬“ ¿—∑√Õ“™“™—¬ ¡’°“√∫√√¬“¬/Õ¿‘ª√“¬√«¡ ÒÒ ‡√◊ËÕß ‚¥¬«‘∑¬“°√ - °“√‡√’¬π°“√ Õπ°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬°—∫°“√ ÒÛ §π ¥—ßπ’È «‘®—¬¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬„π ∂“∫—π°“√»÷°…“ - π‚¬∫“¬·≈–∑‘»∑“ß°“√ π—∫ πÿπ°“√«‘®—¬¥â“π ‚¥¬ √». πæ. ∑«’ ‡≈“Àæ—π∏ÿå °“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ‚¥¬ πæ. ¡¬» ‡®√‘≠»—°¥‘Ï - À¡Õæ◊Èπ∫â“π„π°“√√—°…“‚√§„π‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈æ√– - ·π«∑“ß°“√«‘®—¬∑“ß§≈‘π‘°¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ ª°‡°≈â“ ®—ßÀ«—¥®—π∑∫ÿ√’ ‚¥¬ πæ. ©—μ√™—¬ «— ‰∑¬ ‚¥¬ πæ. ª√“‚¡∑¬å ‡ ∂’¬√√—μπå ¥‘‰™¬ - °“√‡¢’¬π√“¬ß“π«‘®—¬©∫—∫ ¡∫Ÿ√≥å ‚¥¬ ».¥√. - √–‡∫’¬∫°“√‡∫‘°‡ß‘πß∫ª√–¡“≥‡æ◊ËÕ°“√«‘®—¬ ‚¥¬ πæ. ¡™—¬ ∫«√°‘μμ‘ π“ß ‘√‘æ√√≥ °≈àÕ¡®‘μ - °“√‡¢’¬π∫√√≥“πÿ°√¡ / ‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß ·≈– - ·π«∑“ß°“√ π—∫ πÿπ∑ÿπ°“√«‘®—¬ ‚¥¬ ºŸâ·∑π Ωñ°ªØ‘∫—μ‘ ‚¥¬ ». ¥√. πæ. ¡™—¬ ∫«√°‘μμ‘ ”π—°ß∫ª√–¡“≥, ºŸâÕ”π«¬°“√¿“√°‘®‚§√ß°“√ - ·π«‚πâ¡°“√«‘®—¬·≈– ∂“π°“√≥åμ≈“¥ ¡ÿπ ·≈–ª√– “πß“π«‘®—¬, ºŸâ·∑π ∂“∫—π«‘®—¬√–∫∫ ‰æ√‰∑¬ μ”√—∫¬“‰∑¬∑—Èß„π·≈–μà“ßª√–‡∑» ‚¥¬ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢, ºŸâ·∑π ”π—°ß“π°Õß∑ÿπ π—∫ πÿπ π“¬‰æ»“≈ ‡«™æß»“ °“√ √â“ß‡ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ, ·≈–ºŸâÕ”π«¬°“√ ∂“∫—π - ·π«∑“ß°“√«‘®—¬ ¡ÿπ‰æ√‡¥’Ë¬«·≈– ¡ÿπ‰æ√ °“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬. μ”√—∫∑’Ë àß‡ √‘¡·≈–º≈—°¥—π„Àâ¡’°“√„™â„π ∂“π

˘ˆ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ˘˜

ß“π¡À°√√¡ ¡ÿπ‰æ√·Ààß™“μ‘§√—Èß∑’Ë Ù ·≈–°“√ª√–™ÿ¡«‘™“°“√ª√–®”ªï°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ °“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π‰∑¬ ·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°·Ààß™“μ‘ «—π∑’Ë Ú˘ ‘ßÀ“§¡ - Ú °—π¬“¬π Úıı ≥ »Ÿπ¬å°“√· ¥ß ‘π§â“·≈–°“√ª√–™ÿ¡Õ‘¡·æÁ§ ‡¡◊Õß∑Õß∏“π’ ŒÕ≈≈å ı-ˆ

ß“π¡À°√√¡ ¡ÿπ‰æ√·Ààß™“μ‘·≈–°“√ª√–™ÿ¡«‘™“ ”§—≠¢Õß°“√®—¥ß“π¡À°√√¡ ¡ÿπ‰æ√·Ààß™“μ‘·≈–°“√ °“√ª√–®”ªï°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ °“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π‰∑¬ ª√–™ÿ¡«‘™“°“√ª√–®”ªï°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ °“√·æ∑¬å ·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°·Ààß™“μ‘ ∂Ÿ°®—¥¢÷Èπ‡ªìπª√–®” æ◊Èπ∫â“π‰∑¬ ·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°·Ààß™“μ‘∑’Ë§«√®– ∑ÿ°ªï„π™à«ß√–À«à“ßª≈“¬‡¥◊Õπ ‘ßÀ“§¡∂÷ßμâπ‡¥◊Õπ ‡°‘¥¢÷ÈπÕ¬à“ßμàÕ‡π◊ËÕß‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ‡«∑’·≈°‡ª≈’Ë¬π·≈– àßμàÕ °—π¬“¬π ‚¥¬®—¥¢÷Èπ‡ªìπ§√—Èß·√°„πªï ÚıÙ˜ ¥â«¬ Õß§å§«“¡√Ÿâ®“°π—°«‘™“°“√ Ÿàª√–™“™π ®“°ª√–™“™π Ÿà §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ¢ÕßÕß§å°√‡®â“¿“æÀ≈—°À≈“¬Õß§å°√, ´÷Ëß¡’ ¿“§√—∞ ®“°¿“§√—∞ Ÿà°“√π”‰ª„™â ´÷Ëß‡ªìπ«ß®√∑’Ë§«√®– ®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬À≈—°‡æ◊ËÕ°“√æ—≤π“π‚¬∫“¬¢Õß√—∞ ß“π«‘™“ μâÕß¡’°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ´÷Ëß°—π·≈–°—πÕ¬Ÿàμ≈Õ¥‡«≈“. °“√·≈–ß“π«‘®—¬„π¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ °“√·æ∑¬å æ◊Èπ∫â“π‰∑¬ ·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°„Àâ°â“«Àπâ“·≈–∑—π „πªïπ’Èß“π¡À°√√¡ ¡ÿπ‰æ√·Ààß™“μ‘·≈–°“√ μàÕ ∂“π°“√≥å¡“°¢÷Èπ √«¡∑—Èß‡º¬·æ√à¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√„π ª√–™ÿ¡«‘™“°“√ª√–®”ªï°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ °“√·æ∑¬å ¥â“π¥—ß°≈à“«„Àâ∂÷ß¡◊Õª√–™“™π‰¥âÕ¬à“ß¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ. æ◊Èπ∫â“π‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°·Ààß™“μ‘ §√—Èß∑’Ë Ù ®÷ß®–®—¥¢÷Èπ„π«—π∑’Ë Ú˘ ‘ßÀ“§¡-Ú °—π¬“¬π Úıı ≥ ®“°ª√– ∫°“√≥å°“√®—¥ß“π¥—ß°≈à“«¡“ Û §√—Èß »Ÿπ¬å°“√· ¥ß ‘π§â“·≈–°“√ª√–™¡Õ‘¡·æÁ§ÿ ‡¡◊Õß∑Õß∏“π’ Õ“®∑”„Àâ°≈à“«‰¥â«à“°“√®—¥ß“π¡À°√√¡√–¥—∫™“μ‘ß“ππ’È ŒÕ≈≈å ı-ˆ ·≈–ÀâÕßª√–™ÿ¡øïπ‘° å °‘®°√√¡„πß“π ‡ªìπß“π∑’Ë∑”„Àâ∑—Èß∫ÿ§§≈ Õß§å°√∑—Èß¿“§√—∞·≈–‡Õ°™π∑’Ë ¡À°√√¡ ¡ÿπ‰æ√·Ààß™“μ‘ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ π‘∑√√»°“√ ¡’§«“¡ π„®„π¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ °“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ ß“π«‘®—¬ «π ¡ÿπ‰æ√‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ¢¿“æ π‘∑√√»°“√°“√ ∫â“π‰∑¬ ·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ¡“√«¡μ—«°—π¡“° ·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π®“°¿“§μà“ß Ê „π≈“π· ¥ß«—≤π∏√√¡ ∑’Ë ÿ¥ß“πÀπ÷Ëß„π√Õ∫ªï. º≈∑’Ë‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ®“°°“√®—¥ß“π »Ÿπ¬å∫√‘°“√‡∫Á¥‡ √Á®¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ °“√·æ∑¬å πÕ°®“°ºŸâ∑’Ë¡“‡¢â“√à«¡®–‰¥â‡ÀÁπæ—≤π“°“√¢Õßß“π«‘®—¬ æ◊Èπ∫â“π‰∑¬ ·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° °“√·π–π” ·≈–ß“π«‘™“°“√∑“ß¥â“ππ’È·≈â« ¬—ß‰¥â‡ÀÁπª√“°Ø°“√≥å π«—μ°√√¡·≈–º≈‘μ¿—≥±å ¡ÿπ‰æ√ ·≈–π‘∑√√»°“√°“√ ·≈–æ—≤π“°“√¢Õß —ß§¡μàÕß“π„π¥â“π¥—ß°≈à“« ´÷ËßÕ“® ·æ∑¬å·ºπ®’π °“√Õ∫√¡√–¬– —Èπ„πÀ≈“¬À—«¢âÕ ‡™àπ °≈à“«‰¥â«à“°√–· ¢Õß°“√∫√‘‚¿§º≈‘μ¿—≥±å¥â“π°“√ °“√π«¥·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ‚Œ¡ ª“ °“√∑” ∫Ÿà¬“ √–º¡ ·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° √«¡∑—Èß§«“¡ ¡ÿπ‰æ√, ·≈–°“√ÕÕ°√â“πº≈‘μ¿—≥±å·≈–∫√‘°“√¥â“π μâÕß°“√¢Õßμ≈“¥μàÕº≈‘μ¿—≥±å·≈–∫√‘°“√¥—ß°≈à“«¡’ °“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ‡™àπ ∫√‘°“√ ·π«‚πâ¡ Ÿß¢÷Èπ·≈–¡“°¢÷ÈπÕ¬à“ßμàÕ‡π◊ËÕß. π«¥‰∑¬ º≈‘μ¿—≥±å ¡ÿπ‰æ√ Àπ—ß ◊Õ·≈–μ”√“μà“ß Ê, ®“°∫∑ √ÿª¥—ß°≈à“«∑”„ÀâºŸâ®—¥¬‘Ëß‡≈Áß‡ÀÁπ§«“¡ ·≈–æ‘‡»… ”À√—∫ªïπ’ÈºŸâ∑’Ë‡¢â“√à«¡„πß“π®–‰¥âæ∫°—∫ ˘¯ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

π‘∑√√»°“√·≈–°“√Õ∫√¡¿“¬„μâÀ—«¢âÕ ç¡À—»®√√¬åπÈ”æ√‘° ß“π«‘™“°“√°“√«‘®—¬¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ß“π«‘®—¬ æ—πμ”√—∫ ¿Ÿ¡‘ªí≠≠“¥â“πÕ“À“√ –∑âÕπ§ÿ≥§à“ ¡ÿπ‰æ√ ¡ÿπ‰æ√ °“√·æ∑¬åæ◊Èπ∫â“π ·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°„π ‰∑¬é. ß“πª√–™ÿ¡«‘™“°“√ª√–®”ªï¥—ß°≈à“« “¡“√∂ àßº≈ß“π ‰¥â∑—Èß√Ÿª·∫∫∫√√¬“¬·≈–ªÑ“¬· ¥ßº≈ß“π (oral & „π√–À«à“ß«—π∑’Ë Ú˘-ÛÒ ‘ßÀ“§¡ Úıı ®–¡’ß“π poster presentation) ´÷Ëß “¡“√∂ ¡—§√·≈– àßº≈ ª√–™ÿ¡«‘™“°“√ª√–®”ªï°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ °“√·æ∑¬å ß“πμ“¡√Ÿª·∫∫∑’Ë°”Àπ¥‰¥â‚¥¬¥“«πå‚À≈¥·∫∫øÕ√å¡ æ◊Èπ∫â“π‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ°·Ààß™“μ‘ §√—Èß∑’Ë Ù ‰¥â®“°‡«Á∫‰´¥å http://www.dtam.moph.go.th À—«¢âÕ ‚¥¬¡’À—«¢âÕÀ≈—°§◊Õ ç°“√æ—≤π“°”≈—ß§π¥â“π°“√·æ∑¬å ª√–™¡«‘™“°“√ª√–®”ªïÿ Úıı À√◊Õμ‘¥μàÕ¡“∑’Ë -Ú˘ˆı- ·ºπ‰∑¬é. À“°π—°«‘™“°“√∑à“π„¥ π„®‡¢â“√à«¡‡ πÕº≈ ˘Ò˘Ù μàÕ Ò˘.

¿“æ°‘®°√√¡„πß“π¡À°√√¡ ¡ÿπ‰æ√·Ààß™“μ‘ §√—Èß∑’Ë Û ◊ËÕªï‡¡ ÚıÙ˘ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬åå å∑“ß‡≈åå ◊Õ°◊◊ Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Journal of Thai°√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å Traditional & Alternative·ºπ‰∑¬ ·≈–°“√·æ∑¬ Medicineå∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° Department of TraditionalVol. 5 and No. Alternative 1 January - MedicineApril 2007

§”·π–π” ”À√—∫ºâŸπ‘æπ∏å

°“√‡μ√’¬¡·≈– àßμâπ©∫—∫ °≈àÿ¡Õ“°“√‚√§„À¡à ∑’Ë‰¡à‡§¬√“¬ß“π¡“°àÕπ À√◊Õæ∫‰¡à∫àÕ¬ Ò. ª√–‡¿∑∫∑§«“¡ ·≈–¡’À≈—°∞“πÕ¬à“ß§√∫∂â«π π‘æπ∏åμâπ©∫—∫ (original article) ‡ªìπ√“¬ß“πº≈°“√ ∫—π∑÷°‡«™°√√¡ ‡ªìπ∫∑§«“¡√“¬ß“πºâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–Ÿ »÷°…“ §âπ§«â“ «‘®—¬ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬≈”¥—∫‡π◊ÈÕ‡√◊ËÕß¥—ßμàÕ‰ªπ’È ‡«™°√√¡ ·≈–/À√◊Õ°“√¥”‡π‘π‚√§ ∑’Ë‰¡àμ√ß·∫∫ ∑’Ëæ∫‰¡à∫àÕ¬. ™◊ËÕ‡√◊ËÕß ™◊ËÕºâŸπ‘æπ∏å ∫∑§—¥¬àÕ∑—Èß¿“…“‰∑¬·≈–¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ… ‚§√ß √â“ß∫∑√“¬ß“πºâªÉ«¬ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬Ÿ ∫∑π” æ√√≥π“°√≥’ §” ”§—≠ ∫∑π” √–‡∫’¬∫«‘∏’»÷°…“ º≈°“√»÷°…“ «‘®“√≥å ¢âÕ¬ÿμ‘ ºâŸªÉ«¬ «‘®“√≥åÀ√◊Õ¢âÕ —ß‡°μ ·≈–‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß. °‘μμ‘°√√¡ª√–°“» ·≈–‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß. §«“¡¬“«¢Õß‡√◊ËÕß‰¡à ª°‘≥°– (miscellaneous) ‡ªìπ∫∑§«“¡¢π“¥‡≈Á°∑’Ë §«√‡°‘π Ú Àπâ“æ‘¡æå°√–¥“… ‡Õ Ù. ‡π◊ÈÕÀ“Õ“®‡¢â“¢à“¬ À√◊Õ‰¡à‡¢â“¢à“¬∫∑§«“¡μà“ß Ê ∑’Ë°≈à“«¡“ ∫∑∫√√≥π‘∑—»πå (review article) ‡ªìπ∫∑§«“¡∑’Ë√«∫ ¢â“ßμâπ ‡™àπ ∫—π∑÷°‡«™°√√¡ ‡«™°√√¡∑—π¬ÿ§ ∫∑∫√√≥π‘∑—»πå √«¡§«“¡√âŸ‡√◊ËÕß„¥‡√◊ËÕßÀπ÷Ëß ®“°«“√ “√À√◊ÕÀπ—ß ◊Õμà“ß Ê √“¬ß“πº≈°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬ —ß‡¢ª À√◊Õ√“¬ß“π‡∫◊ÈÕßμâπ ∑—Èß„π·≈–μà“ßª√–‡∑» ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ∫∑π” «‘∏’°“√ ◊∫§âπ ®¥À¡“¬∂÷ß∫√√≥“∏‘°“√ (letter to the editor) À√◊Õ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ‡π◊ÈÕÀ“∑’Ë∑∫∑«π ∫∑«‘®“√≥å ·≈–‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ßÀ√◊Õ ®¥À¡“¬‚μâμÕ∫ (correspondence) ‡ªìπ‡«∑’„™âμ‘¥μàÕμÕ∫‚μâ ∫√√≥“πÿ°√¡. §«“¡¬“«¢Õß‡√◊ËÕß‰¡à§«√‡°‘π Ú Àπâ“æ‘¡æå √–À«à“ßπ—°«‘™“°“√ºâŸÕà“π°—∫‡®â“¢Õß∫∑§«“¡∑’Ëμ’æ‘¡æå„π °√–¥“… ‡Õ Ù. «“√ “√„π°√≥’ºâŸÕà“π¡’¢âÕ§‘¥‡ÀÁπ·μ°μà“ß μâÕß°“√™’È„Àâ‡ÀÁπ ∫∑§«“¡æ‘‡»… (special article) ‡ªìπ∫∑§«“¡ª√–‡¿∑ §«“¡‰¡à ¡∫Ÿ√≥å À√◊Õ¢âÕº‘¥æ≈“¥¢Õß√“¬ß“π ·≈–∫“ß§√—Èß °÷Ëß∫∑∫√√≥π‘∑—»πå°—∫∫∑§«“¡øóôπ«‘™“∑’Ë‰¡à ¡∫Ÿ√≥åæÕ∑’Ë®– ∫√√≥“∏‘°“√Õ“®«‘æ“°¬å π—∫ πÿπÀ√◊Õ‚μâ·¬âß. ∫√√®‡¢â“‡ªìπ∫∑§«“¡™π‘¥„¥™π‘¥Àπ÷Ëßÿ À√◊Õ‡ªìπ∫∑§«“¡· ¥ß Ú. °“√‡μ√’¬¡μâπ©∫—∫ ¢âÕ§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«‚¬ß°—∫‡Àμÿ°“√≥åªí®®ÿ∫—π∑’ËÕ¬àŸ„π§«“¡ π„® ¢Õß¡«≈™π‡ªìπæ‘‡»…. ™◊ËÕ∫∑§«“¡ ∫∑§«“¡øóôπ«‘™“ (refresher course) ‡ πÕ§«“¡√âŸ„π ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ Õß§å§«“¡√âŸ®”‡æ“–‡√◊ËÕß ∑’Ëπ”¡“√◊ÈÕøóôπ‡æ‘Ë¡‡μ‘¡§«“¡√âŸ ∑”πÕß - ™◊ËÕ‡√◊ËÕß §«√ —Èπ °–∑—¥√—¥ ·≈– ◊ËÕ‡ªÑ“À¡“¬À≈—° ‡¥’¬«°—∫π”‡ πÕ„π°“√ª√–™ÿ¡øóôπ«‘™“ À√◊Õ°“√®—¥Õ∫√¡·æ∑¬å ¢Õß°“√»÷°…“ ‰¡à„™â§”¬àÕ §«“¡¬“«‰¡à§«√‡°‘π Ò μ—«Õ—°…√ ‡ªìπ§√“«Ê ‰ª. æ√âÕ¡™àÕß‰ø. ∂â“™◊ËÕ¬“«¡“°μ—¥‡ªìπ™◊ËÕ√Õß ™◊ËÕ‡√◊ËÕßμâÕß¡’ √“¬ß“π‡∫◊ÈÕßμâπ (preliminary report) À√◊Õ√“¬ß“π ¿“…“‰∑¬·≈–¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ… ‰¡à„ à«≈’∑’Ëπà“‡∫◊ËÕ ‡™àπ ç°“√»÷°…“...é —ß‡¢ª (short communication) ‡ªìπ°“√π”‡ πÕ√“¬ß“πº≈ À√◊Õ ç°“√ —ß‡°μ....é. °“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬∑’Ë¬—ß‰¡à‡ √Á® ¡∫Ÿ√≥å μâÕß»÷°…“μàÕ‡æ◊ËÕ‡°Á∫ - ™◊ËÕºâŸπ‘æπ∏å„Àâ¡’∑—Èß¿“…“‰∑¬ ·≈–¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ… ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡æ‘Ë¡‡μ‘¡. (‰¡à„™â§”¬àÕ). √“¬ß“πºâŸªÉ«¬ (case report)/∫—π∑÷°‡«™°√√¡ (clinical - Àπà«¬ß“πÀ√◊Õ ∂“∫—π∑’ËºâŸπ‘æπ∏å∑”ß“π. note) ‡ªìπ°“√√“¬ß“πºâªÉ«¬∑’Ë‰¡à∏√√¡¥“Ÿ À√◊Õ∑’Ë‡ªìπ‚√§ À√◊Õ - ™◊ËÕ·≈–∑’ËÕ¬àŸ¢ÕßºâŸπ‘æπ∏å ∑’Ë„™âμ‘¥μàÕ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫

μâπ©∫—∫·≈–∫∑§«“¡∑’Ëμ’æ‘¡æå·≈â«. descriptive À√◊Õ quasi-experiment, °“√ àÿ¡μ—«Õ¬à“ß ‡™àπ - ·À≈àß∑ÿπ π—∫ πÿπ°“√»÷°…“. °“√ àÿ¡μ—«Õ¬à“ß·∫∫ßà“¬ ·∫∫À≈“¬¢—ÈπμÕπ, «‘∏’À√◊Õ¡“μ√°“√ ∫∑§—¥¬àÕ ∑’Ë„™â»÷°…“ (interventions) ‡™àπ √Ÿª·∫∫°“√»÷°…“ °“√√—°…“ ‡ªìπ‡π◊ÈÕ§«“¡¬àÕμ“¡≈”¥—∫‚§√ß √â“ß¢Õß∫∑§«“¡ ‰¥â·°à ™π‘¥·≈–¢π“¥¢Õß¬“∑’Ë„™â. ∂â“‡ªìπ¡“μ√°“√∑’Ë√âŸ®—°∑—Ë«‰ª„Àâ√–∫ÿ ∫∑π” «— ¥ÿ·≈–√–‡∫’¬∫«‘∏’°“√»÷°…“ º≈°“√»÷°…“ ·≈– „π‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß. ∂â“‡ªìπ«‘∏’„À¡à Õ∏‘∫“¬„ÀâºâŸÕà“π‡¢â“„®·≈â« «‘®“√≥å‰¡à‡°‘π Úı §” À√◊Õ Òı ∫√√∑—¥ „™â¿“…“√—¥°ÿ¡‡ªìπ π”‰ª„™âμàÕ‰¥â, «‘∏’°“√‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈, «‘∏’°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ·≈– ª√–‚¬§ ¡∫√≥å¡’§«“¡À¡“¬„πμ—«‡Õß‰¡àμâÕßÀ“§«“¡À¡“¬μàÕŸ ∂‘μ‘∑’Ë„™â. μâÕß‡ªìπª√–‚¬§Õ¥’μ (‡©æ“–¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…) ‰¡à§«√¡’§”¬àÕ º≈°“√»÷°…“ (results) μâÕß‡¢’¬π∑—Èß¿“…“‰∑¬·≈–¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…. ·®âßº≈∑’Ëæ∫μ“¡≈”¥—∫À—«¢âÕ¢Õß·ºπ°“√»÷°…“Õ¬à“ß ∫∑§—¥¬àÕ¿“…“‰∑¬¢Õß∫∑§«“¡¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…„Àâ„ à™◊ËÕ ™—¥‡®π ¥Ÿ‰¥âßà“¬. ∂â“º≈‰¡à´—∫´âÕπ‰¡à¡’μ—«‡≈¢¡“°∫√√¬“¬ ‡√◊ËÕß ™◊ËÕºâŸπ‘æπ∏å‡ªìπ¿“…“‰∑¬‰«â‡Àπ◊Õ‡π◊ÈÕ§«“¡¬àÕ ”À√—∫ ‡ªìπ√âÕ¬·°â« ·μà∂â“μ—«‡≈¢¡“° μ—«·ª√¡“° §«√„™âμ“√“ß À√◊Õ ∫∑§—¥¬àÕ¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…¢Õß∫∑§«“¡¿“…“‰∑¬°Á‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π ·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘‚¥¬‰¡àμâÕßÕ∏‘∫“¬μ—«‡≈¢„πμ“√“ß´È”Õ’°„π‡π◊ÈÕ‡√◊ËÕß, „Àâ„ à™◊ËÕ‡√◊ËÕß ™◊ËÕ‡μÁ¡ºâŸπ‘æπ∏å‰«â‡Àπ◊Õ‡π◊ÈÕ§«“¡¬àÕ. ·ª≈§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õßº≈∑’Ë§âπæ∫À√◊Õ«‘‡§√“–Àå ·≈– √ÿª‡ª√’¬∫ §” ”§—≠ (key words) ‡∑’¬∫°—∫ ¡¡μ‘∞“π∑’Ë«“ß‰«â. „ à‰«â∑â“¬∫∑§—¥¬àÕ ‡ªìπÀ—«¢âÕ‡√◊ËÕß ”À√—∫∑”¥—™π’§” «‘®“√≥å (discussion) ”§—≠ (keyword index ¢Õßªï«“√ “√ (volume) ·≈–¥—™π’ ‡√‘Ë¡¥â«¬°“√«‘®“√≥åº≈°“√»÷°…“μ√ß°—∫«—μ∂ÿª√– ß§å ‡√◊ËÕß ”À√—∫ Index Medicus ‚¥¬„™â Medical Subject Head- ¡¡μ‘∞“π¢Õß°“√«‘®—¬ À√◊Õ·μ°μà“ß‰ª®“°º≈ß“π∑’Ë¡’ºâŸ ings (MeSH) terms ¢Õß U.S. National Library of Medi- √“¬ß“π‰«â°àÕπÀ√◊Õ‰¡à Õ¬à“ß‰√, ‡æ√“–‡Àμÿ„¥®÷ß‡ªìπ‡™àππ—Èπ, cine ‡ªìπ·π«∑“ß°“√„Àâ§” ”§—≠. «‘®“√≥åº≈∑’Ë‰¡àμ√ßμ“¡∑’Ë§“¥À«—ß Õ¬à“ß‰¡àªî¥∫—ß ·≈â«®∫ ∫∑π” À√◊Õ¿Ÿ¡‘À≈—ß·≈–‡Àμÿº≈ ∫∑§«“¡¥â«¬¢âÕ¬ÿμ‘. ∫“ß«“√ “√·¬°¢âÕ¬ÿμ‘‡ªìπÀ—«¢âÕμà“ßÀ“°. ‡ªìπ à«π¢Õß∫∑§«“¡∑’Ë∫Õ°‡Àμÿº≈ π”‰ª àŸ°“√»÷°…“ ·μà ¢âÕ¬ÿμ‘ (conclusions) μâÕß‰¡à∑∫∑«π«√√≥°√√¡ À√◊Õ¿Ÿ¡‘À≈—ß ·≈–‡Àμÿºº≈¡“°¡“¬ º≈∑’Ë‰¥âμ√ß°—∫«—μ∂ÿª√– ß§å°“√«‘®—¬À√◊Õ‰¡à „Àâ¢âÕ ∑’Ë‰¡à‡°’Ë¬«°—∫®ÿ¥¡àÿßÀ¡“¬¢Õß°“√»÷°…“ ‡ªìπ à«π∑’ËÕ∏‘∫“¬„ÀâºâŸ ‡ πÕ·π–∑’Ëπ”º≈°“√«‘®—¬‰ª„™âª√–‚¬™πåÀ√◊Õ„Àâª√–‡¥Áπ Õà“π√âŸ«à“®–μÕ∫§”∂“¡Õ–‰√ ·≈–„Àâ√«¡«—μ∂ÿª√– ß§å¢Õß°“√ §”∂“¡°“√«‘®—¬ ”À√—∫°“√«‘®—¬μàÕ‰ª. ¢âÕ¬ÿμ‘Õ“®„ à‰«â„πÀ—«¢âÕ »÷°…“‡ªìπ√âÕ¬·°â«„π à«π∑â“¬¢Õß∫∑π” ‰¡àπ‘¬¡„ àº≈°“√ ‡¥’¬«°—π°—∫«‘®“√≥å°Á‰¥â. »÷°…“·≈– √ÿª. μ“√“ß √Ÿª ·≈–·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘ √–‡∫’¬∫«‘∏’»÷°…“ §«√·¬°æ‘¡æåμà“ßÀ“°‰¡à§«√ Õ¥·∑√°‰«â„π‡π◊ÈÕ‡√◊ËÕß, ·μà ‡¢’¬π™’È·®ß·¬°‡ªìπ Ú À—«¢âÕ„À≠à §◊Õ «— ¥ÿ ·≈–«‘∏’°“√ §«√‡«âπ∑’Ë«à“ß‰«â„π‡π◊ÈÕ‡√◊ËÕßæÕ‡ªìπ∑’Ë‡¢â“„® æ√âÕ¡°—∫‡¢’¬π·®âß »÷°…“ ‰«â„π°√Õ∫«à“ À—«¢âÕ«— ¥„Àâ∫Õ°√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥¢Õß ‘Ëßπ”¡“»÷°…“ÿ ‡™àπ „ àμ“√“ß∑’Ë Ò À√◊Õ „ à√Ÿª∑’Ë Ò ºâŸªÉ«¬ §πª√°μ‘ —μ«å æ◊™ √«¡∂÷ß®”π«π ·≈–≈—°…≥–‡©æ“– ¢Õßμ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë»÷°…“ ‡™àπ ‡æ» Õ“¬ÿ πÈ”Àπ—° μâÕß∫Õ°∂÷ß°“√ °‘μμ‘°√√¡ª√–°“» (acknowledgments) Õπÿ≠“μ®“°ºâŸ∑’Ë‡¢â“√—∫°“√»÷°…“ ·≈–°“√¬Õ¡√—∫®“°§≥– §«√¡’‡æ’¬ß¬àÕÀπâ“‡¥’¬« ·®âß„Àâ∑√“∫«à“‰¥â√—∫°“√™à«¬ °√√¡°“√æ‘®“√≥“®√‘¬∏√√¡„π°“√»÷°…“ ‘Ëß¡’™’«‘μ μ≈Õ¥®π ‡À≈◊Õ∑’Ë ”§—≠®“°∑’Ë„¥∫â“ß ‡™àπ ºâŸ∫√‘À“√ ºâŸ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ∑“ß Õÿª°√≥åμà“ß Ê ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√»÷°…“. ‡∑§π‘§∫“ßÕ¬à“ß ·≈–ºâŸ π—∫ πÿπ∑ÿπ°“√«‘®—¬. °“√„ à™◊ËÕ§π À—«¢âÕ√–‡∫’¬∫«‘∏’»÷°…“ ‡√‘Ë¡¥â«¬√Ÿª·∫∫ ·ºπ°“√ ™à«¬¡“° Ê ∑”„Àâ∫∑§«“¡¥âÕ¬§«“¡¿Ÿ¡‘∞“π ‡æ√“–ºâŸÕà“π®– »÷°…“ (study design) ‡™àπ randomized, double blind, Õπÿ¡“π«à“ß“π à«π„À≠à¡’§π™à«¬∑—ÈßÀ¡¥. Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 January - April 2007 ÒÒ

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Û.ˆ.Ú °ÆÀ¡“¬ Ù. μ“√“ß √Ÿª ·≈–·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘ Ò. æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘‡§√◊ËÕß ”Õ“ß ÚıÛÚ. ª√–°“» μ“√“ß √Ÿª ·≈–·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘ ∑’Ë®—¥∑”·≈–π”‡ πÕ‰¥â§√∫∂â«π °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ©∫—∫∑’Ë Û˜ æ.». ÚıÛÚ, √“™°‘®®“ ®–°√–μâÿπ§«“¡ π„®ºâŸÕà“π∫∑§«“¡·≈–∑”„Àâ‡¢â“„®‡π◊ÈÕÀ“ πÿ‡∫°…“‡≈à¡∑’Ë Òˆ, μÕπ∑’Ë ÒÚ˘. (≈ß«—π∑’Ë Òı ‘ßÀ“§¡ ∫∑§«“¡‰¥â√«¥‡√Á« à«π¡“°ºâŸÕà“π®–Õà“π™◊ËÕ‡√◊ËÕß ∫∑§—¥¬àÕ ÚıÛÚ). æ‘®“√≥“μ“√“ß·≈–√Ÿª °àÕπ®–μ—¥ ‘π„®«à“®–Õà“π∫∑§«“¡μàÕ Ú. Preventive Health Amendments of 1993, ‰ªÀ√◊Õ‰¡à. Pub L No. 103-183, 107 Stat. 2226. (Dec 14, 1993). Ù.Ò μ“√“ß Û.ˆ.Û æ®π“πÿ°√¡ μ“√“ß‡πâπ°“√®—¥√–‡∫’¬∫¢Õß§”æŸ¥ μ—«‡≈¢ ·≈– Ò. æ®π“πÿ°√¡√“™∫—≥±‘μ ∂“π æ.». ÚıÙÚ. ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬μà“ß Ê ∫√√®ÿ≈ß„π§Õ≈—¡πå‡æ◊ËÕ· ¥ß ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ·≈– æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë Ò. °√ÿß‡∑æ¡À“π§√: π“π¡’∫ÿä§ åæ—∫≈‘‡§™—Ëπ å; §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å¢Õß¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ·π«∑“ß°“√®—¥∑”μ“√“ß ¡’¥—ßπ’È ÚıÙˆ. Àπâ“ ıÙı. - ·¬°·μà≈–μ“√“ßÕÕ°®“°‡π◊ÈÕÀ“∫∑§«“¡ μ“√“ß Ú. Stedmanûs medical dictionary. 26th ed. ≈–Àπ÷ËßÀπâ“°√–¥“… ·≈–‰¡à§«√‡ πÕμ“√“ß ‡ªìπ¿“æ∂à“¬. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1995. Apraxia; p. 119-20. - À—«§Õ≈—¡πå ‡ªìπμ—«·∑πÕ∏‘∫“¬¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈„π§Õ≈—¡πå Û.˜ «’¥‘∑—»πå §«√®– —ÈπÀ√◊Õ¬àÕ Ê ·≈–Õ∏‘∫“¬√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥„π‡™‘ßÕ√√∂„μâ ≈”¥—∫∑’Ë. ™◊ËÕ‡√◊ËÕß («’¥‘∑—»πå). ‡¡◊Õß∑’Ëº≈‘μ: ·À≈àßº≈‘μ; μ“√“ß. ªï∑’Ëº≈‘μ. - ·∂«‡ªìπ¢âÕ¡≈∑’Ë —¡æ—π∏å°—∫§Õ≈—¡πåŸ À—«·∂« (row Ò. HIV+/AIDS: the facts and the future (video- headings) „™âμ—«‡¢â¡®–∑”„Àâ‡¥àπ¢÷Èπ. cassette). St. Louis (MO): Mosby-Yearbook; 1995. - ‡™‘ßÕ√√∂ ®–‡ªìπ§”Õ∏‘∫“¬√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥∑’Ë∫√√®ÿ„π Û.¯ ◊ËÕÕ‘‡≈°∑√Õπ‘° μ“√“ß‰¥â‰¡àÀ¡¥ ‰¡à§«√„™â‡≈¢°”°—∫‡æ√“–Õ“® —∫ π°—∫‡≈¢ Û.¯.Ò ∫∑§«“¡«‘™“°“√ °”°—∫¢Õß‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß „Àâ„™â‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬μ“¡≈”¥—∫π’È * † ‡ ≈”¥—∫∑’Ë. ™◊ËÕºâŸπ‘æπ∏å. ™◊ËÕ‡√◊ËÕß. ™◊ËÕ«“√ “√ (™π‘¥¢Õß § ¶ # ** ◊ËÕ) ªï∑’Ëæ‘¡æå [«—π ‡¥◊Õπ ªï ∑’Ë§âπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈]; ªï∑’Ë (‡≈à¡∑’Ë): - ‡¡◊ËÕºâŸÕà“π Õà“πμ“√“ß·≈â«§«√‡¢â“„®‰¥â ¡∫Ÿ√≥å [®”π«π¿“æ]. ·À≈àß¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ‚¥¬‰¡àμâÕßÀ“§«“¡À¡“¬‡æ‘Ë¡‡μ‘¡„π∫∑§«“¡ ¥—ßπ—Èπ ™◊ËÕ Ò. Morse SS. Factors in the emergence of in- μ“√“ß§«√ —Èπ ‰¥â„®§«“¡ §Õ≈—¡πå‡√’¬ß≈”¥—∫§«“¡ ”§—≠ fectious diseases. Emerg Infect Dis (serial online) (‡«≈“∑’Ë»÷°…“, °“√¥”‡π‘π‚√§) ®“°´â“¬‰ª¢«“ ‡√’¬ß≈”¥—∫¢Õß 1995 Jan-Mar [cited 1996 Jun 5]; 1(1):[24 screens]. ·∂«®“°∫π≈ß≈à“ß. Available from: URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/ - ∫∑§«“¡Àπ÷Ëß‡√◊ËÕß§«√¡’μ“√“ß‰¡à‡°‘π Û-ı μ“√“ß eid.htm À√◊Õ‡π◊ÈÕÀ“ Ò, §”μàÕ Ò μ“√“ß. ∂â“¡’μ“√“ß¡“°®–∑”„Àâ Û.¯.Ú √“¬ß“π«‘®—¬„π√Ÿª·∫∫Õ‘‡≈°∑√Õπ‘° °“√®—¥Àπâ“¬“°≈”∫“° „™â‡«≈“¡“°·≈– ‘Èπ‡ª≈◊Õß. ∂â“ºâŸπ‘æπ∏å Ò. CDI, clinical dermatology illustrated (mono- ¡’¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¡“°„Àâ‡≈◊Õ°‡©æ“–¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë ”§—≠π”‡ πÕ‡ªìπμ“√“ß„π graph on CD-ROM). Reeves JRT, Maibach H. CMEA ∫∑§«“¡ Õ“®®–¡’μ“√“ß¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈Õ◊Ëπ Ê ·¬°‰«â∂â“ºâŸÕà“π π„®®÷ß Multimedia Group, producers. 2nd ed. Version 2.0. San ®– àß„Àâ. Diego: CMEA; 1995. - μâÕß¢ÕÕπÿ≠“μ ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡¢Õ∫§ÿ≥ °√≥’ Û.¯.Û ·øÑ¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈§Õ¡æ‘«‡μÕ√å π”¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈„πμ“√“ß¡“®“°∫∑§«“¡¢ÕßºâŸÕ◊Ëπ. Ò. Hemodynamics III: the ups and down of he- Ù.Ú √Ÿª·≈–·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘ modynamics (computer program). Version 2.2. Or- √Ÿª·≈–·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘ª√–°Õ∫ ®– ◊ËÕ§«“¡À¡“¬‰¥â™—¥‡®π lando (FL): Computerized Educational Systems; 1993. ‡πâπ®ÿ¥ ”§—≠ ·≈–¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ¡’·π«∑“ß¥—ßπ’È ÒÙ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ëı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

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