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Vietnam, in Collaboration with Partners and National Experts, Was Mobilized to Consolidate Much of the Data from a Variety of Sources

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Vietnam, in Collaboration with Partners and National Experts, Was Mobilized to Consolidate Much of the Data from a Variety of Sources 34542 ������� �������������� ����������������� ����������� ���������������������������� �������������������� Public Disclosure Authorized ������������ ������������������� ������������������������ ������������������������� ������������ �������������������� �������������� ��������������������� �������������������� ��������������������������� Public Disclosure Authorized ��������������������������������������������� �������������������������� �������������� ��������������������� ������������������� ����������������������� ���������������������� ����������������� ����������������� Public Disclosure Authorized �������������������������������� ��������������������� �������������������� ��������������������������������� Public Disclosure Authorized ��������������������������� The Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (MoNRE), the World Bank, and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) contributed to the preparation of this Monitor, the fourth in the series. Its production has been a participatory and consultative exercise involving national agencies, academia, civil society, donors and NGOs. WWF-Vietnam, in collaboration with partners and national experts, was mobilized to consolidate much of the data from a variety of sources. Technical group and roundtable meetings with national and international specialists were organized to provide comments, inputs, and guidance at various draft stages. In late June 2005, a national consultation workshop was held with the participation of ministries and central government agencies, research institutions, NGOs, national park staff, and donor agencies. Oral and written comments were received from the Ministries of Agriculture and Rural Development, Fisheries, Foreign Affairs, Finance, Planning and Investment, and many conservation researchers and managers in Vietnam. MoNRE was involved in the Monitor preparations through the following VEPA staff: Tran Hong Ha, Phung Van Vui , Duong Thi To, Le Thanh Binh, Hoang Duong Tung, To Kim Oanh and Le Hoang Anh. MoNRE established an expert review panel to provide comments on the final draft. The panel consisted of Nguyen Ngoc Sinh, Vo Quy, Dang Huy Huynh, Duong Hong Dat, Nguyen Ba Thu, Nguyen Xuan Ly, Tran Hong Ha, Hoang Van Thang, and Do Quang Tung. Sida contributions were made through Rolf Samuelsson and Do Thi Huyen from the Embassy of Sweden in Hanoi, and Maria Berlekom from SwedBio. The World Bank Task Team consisted of Tran Thi Thanh Phuong (Team Leader), Phillip Brylski, Tony Whitten, John Morton, Lars Lund, Dan Biller, Ron Zweig, and Bryony Morgan. The document was peer reviewed by Kathy MacKinnon and Susan Shen. Le Thanh Huong Giang provided logistic support. Bruno Bonansea and Jeffrey Lecksell were responsible for map design. Advice and contributions were received from Magda Lovei, Rob Swinkels, Nina Bhatt, and Keiko Sato of the World Bank. The WWF team included Richard McNally, Pham Hong Nguyen, Barney Long, Tran Minh Hien, Keith Symington, Do Thi Thanh Huyen, Chris Dickinson, Mai Ky Vinh, Fergus MacDonald, Tran Chinh Khuong, Roland Eve, Christian Anderson, Le Cong Uan, and Ashleigh Lezard. WWF provided the photos (unless noted otherwise). National consultants were Vu Van Dung, Nguyen Van San, Nguyen Huu Dung, Vu Thu Hanh, Vu Xuan Nguyet Hong, Nguyen The Chinh, Vu Trung Tang, Nguyen Tat Canh, Pham Binh Quyen, Vu Huu Tuynh, Tran Thi Hoa, and Le Minh Tue. Important inputs were provided by Jeremy Carew-Reid of ICEM, Andrew Tordoff and Jonathan Eames of BirdLife International, Mark Infield of Fauna and Flora International, Bernard O'Callagan of IUCN, and Julie Thomson of TRAFFIC. Special appreciation and thanks are due for the support and encouragement given by Mr. Mai Ai Truc, Minister, and Mr. Pham Khoi Nguyen, Vice Minister of MoNRE; Mr. Klaus Rohland, Country Director of the World Bank in Vietnam; Ms. Teresa Serra, Sector Director of the Environment and Social Development Sector Unit of the World Bank East Asia and Pacific Region; and Ms. Anna Lindstedt, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Sweden to Vietnam. The views expressed in the Vietnam Environment Monitor are entirely those of the authors and should not be cited without prior permission. They do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank Group, its Executive Directors, or the countries they represent. The material contained herein has been obtained from sources believed reliable, but it is not necessarily complete and cannot be guaranteed. ii FOREWORD Vietnam is one of the most biologically diverse countries in the world. Biodiversity plays an essential role in sustaining many of Vietnam’s economic sectors, such as forestry, fisheries, agriculture, tourism and industry. It provides stability and resilience to the economy. It also creates opportunities for increased productivity, new areas of enterprise and income generation. Biodiversity is also the foundation for the livelihoods and well-being of some of the poorest, most isolated and most vulnerable communities in the country. It is engrained in the nation’s spiritual and cultural traditions - its maintenance is critical to conserving the distinctive and extraordinary social fabric which makes Vietnam what it is. Vietnam’s rapid economic growth has brought dramatic reductions in poverty and improvements in the material standard of living for most of its people. With development has also come expansion of urban areas, rapid land use changes, growing exploitation of natural resources, and intense pressures on the environment. The pace and scale of change is increasing. If not managed well, there are signs that consequent losses of biodiversity could impose constraints on the country’s future growth and compromise its natural and cultural heritage. The Government of Vietnam, international donors and conservation organizations have recognized the importance of conserving biodiversity. They have been working in collaboration throughout the country to implement strong policies and programs to help local government, communities and the private sector safeguard the natural systems on which they depend. Much progress has been made but there is more work to be done involving the many who stand to benefit from good management of biodiversity values. The Vietnam Environmental Monitors (VEM) are annual reports chronicling trends, challenges and priorities that the country faces in environmental management. This year’s report is the fourth in the series and takes a close look at conservation of the country’s most unique and fragile environmental resource, its biodiversity. As in previous issues, which focused on environmental conditions generally (2002), water (2003), and solid waste (2004), this Monitor provides a frank assessment of biodiversity status and trends, highlights key issues, and identifies experiences and lessons which can guide decision makers in setting priorities for future action to improve the management of Vietnam’s ecosystems, species and genetic resources. The Monitor promotes biodiversity conservation as an essential aspect of Vietnam’s pursuit of sustainable development. While it attempts to show that biodiversity is found and needs to be conserved in all systems -- including those heavily influenced by people, such as agricultural landscapes -- the main emphasis of this Monitor is on biodiversity in natural ecosystems. In addition, coverage of reptiles, amphibians and microbiological species and of genetic diversity was constrained by the availability of studies and data. The report is a joint effort by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MoNRE), the World Bank, and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida). It is intended for a broad audience, including policy makers and managers, researchers, and the Vietnamese public, as well as donors, investors, and international researchers. It is hoped that the document will serve as a tool for decision makers and for raising widespread public awareness and that it will contribute to implementing the National 10-year Socio-Economic Strategy 2001-2010, and addressing some of the key environmental problems confronting the country. Pham Khoi Nguyen Klaus Rohland Maria Teresa Serra Anna Lindstedt Vice Minister Country Director Sector Director Ambassador Ministry of Natural for Vietnam Environment and Social Extraordinary and Resources and World Bank Development Sector Unit Plenipotentiary of Environment East Asia and Pacific Sweden to Vietnam Region World Bank iii ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS 5MHRP Five Million Hectare Reforestation MCI Ministry of Culture and Information Programme MEA Multilateral Environment Agreement ASEAN Association of South-East Asian Ministry of Education and Training BAP Biodiversity Action Plan MoET BP British Petroleum MoFi Ministry of Fisheries CBD Convention on Biological Diversity MoNRE Ministry of Natural Resources and CITES Convention on International Trade in Environment Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and MPA Marine Protect Area Flora MPI Ministry of Planning and Investment CPC Commune People's Committee NGO Nongovernmental organization CPRGS Comprehensive Poverty Reduction and Growth Strategy NP National Park CRES Centre of Resources and Environmental NTFPs Non timber Forest Products Studies Danida Danish International Development ODA Overseas Development Assistance Agency PA Protected Area DARD Department of Agriculture and Rural PES Payment for Environmental Services Development DEP Department of Aquatic Resources PPC Provincial People's Committee Exploitation
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