Framing Lumber from Building Removal: How Do We Best Utilize This Untapped Structural Resource?
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Coco Lumber Sawdust
MushroomPart II. Oyster Growers Mushrooms’ Handbook 1 Chapter 5. Substrate 91 Oyster Mushroom Cultivation Part II. Oyster Mushrooms Chapter 5 Substrate COCO LUMBER SAWDUST J. Christopher D. Custodio Bataan State College, the Philippines Oyster Mushrooms (Pleurotus spp.) are saprophytic as they obtain there nutrients by decomposing various agricultural by-products. This mushroom has been cultivated worldwide because of its taste and low maintenance technology. There are different substrates that have already been identified that can be utilized for the cultivation of oyster mushroom. The possible substrates include rice straw, coffee pulps, sawdust, and even paper. Most of these are types of low-value lignocellulosic wastes that are primarily derived from agricultural practices or the agro-industry. (J.A. Buswell et. al., 1996) The bioconversion of these wastes is one reason why the cultivation of edible mushrooms is an appropriate practice for a society that depends on its agriculture. In the early 1990s, ‘coco lumber’ was given a great attention in the province as a substitute for hardwood. Sawmills producing lumber from coconut trees bloomed in reaction to the increasing demand for this low cost constructional material. Though beginners in mushroom cultivation are usually persuaded not to use sawdust from softwoods, sawdust from coco lumber (Fig. 1) is another possible substrate for P. ostreatus and has shown great results. Growers living near a coco lumber sawmill can make use of this waste product in order to start their own cultivation of oyster mushroom species. Figure 1. Coco lumber sawdust Coco Lumber Sawdust as a Substrate of Oyster Mushroom Oyster mushroom is one example of edible mushrooms that can utilize lignocellulosic materials as a substrate. -
Section 061053 - Miscellaneous Rough Carpentry
SECTION 061053 - MISCELLANEOUS ROUGH CARPENTRY PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 01 Specification Sections, apply to this Section. 1.2 SUMMARY A. This Section includes the following: 1. Wood framing, blocking, and nailers 2. Wood battens, shims, and furring (for wall panel attachment). 3. Plywood sheathing for miscellaneous structures and replacement of deteriorated roof sheathing. B. Related Sections include the following: 1. Section 075216 "SBS Modified Bituminous Membrane Roofing" for adhesively applied 2-ply, SBS bituminous membrane roofing, with self-adhered base ply sheet. 2. Section 076200 "Sheet Metal Flashing and Trim" for installing sheet metal flashing and trim integral with roofing. 1.3 DEFINITIONS A. Dimension Lumber: Lumber of 2-inches nominal or greater but less than 5-inches nominal in least dimension. B. Lumber grading agencies, and the abbreviations used to reference them, include the following: 1. NLGA: National Lumber Grades Authority. 2. WCLIB: West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau. 3. WWPA: Western Wood Products Association. 1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE A. Testing Agency Qualifications: For testing agency providing classification marking for fire- retardant treated material, an inspection agency acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction that periodically performs inspections to verify that the material bearing the classification marking is representative of the material tested. PRSD – Thompson Elementary School Roof Replacement 061053 – MISCELLANEOUS ROUGH CARPENTRY July, 2012 Page 1 of 7 B. Forest Certification: For the following wood products, provide materials produced from wood obtained from forests certified by an FSC-accredited certification body to comply with FSC 1.2, "Principles and Criteria": 1. -
LP Solidstart LVL Technical Guide
U.S. Technical Guide L P S o l i d S t a r t LV L Technical Guide 2900Fb-2.0E Please verify availability with the LP SolidStart Engineered Wood Products distributor in your area prior to specifying these products. Introduction Designed to Outperform Traditional Lumber LP® SolidStart® Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) is a vast SOFTWARE FOR EASY, RELIABLE DESIGN improvement over traditional lumber. Problems that naturally occur as Our design/specification software enhances your in-house sawn lumber dries — twisting, splitting, checking, crowning and warping — design capabilities. It ofers accurate designs for a wide variety of are greatly reduced. applications with interfaces for printed output or plotted drawings. Through our distributors, we ofer component design review services THE STRENGTH IS IN THE ENGINEERING for designs using LP SolidStart Engineered Wood Products. LP SolidStart LVL is made from ultrasonically and visually graded veneers arranged in a specific pattern to maximize the strength and CODE EVALUATION stifness of the veneers and to disperse the naturally occurring LP SolidStart Laminated Veneer Lumber has been evaluated for characteristics of wood, such as knots, that can weaken a sawn lumber compliance with major US building codes. For the most current code beam. The veneers are then bonded with waterproof adhesives under reports, contact your LP SolidStart Engineered Wood Products pressure and heat. LP SolidStart LVL beams are exceptionally strong, distributor, visit LPCorp.com or for: solid and straight, making them excellent for most primary load- • ICC-ES evaluation report ESR-2403 visit www.icc-es.org carrying beam applications. • APA product report PR-L280 visit www.apawood.org LP SolidStart LVL 2900F -2.0E: AVAILABLE SIZES b FRIEND TO THE ENVIRONMENT LP SolidStart LVL 2900F -2.0E is available in a range of depths and b LP SolidStart LVL is a building material with built-in lengths, and is available in standard thicknesses of 1-3/4" and 3-1/2". -
WIDE PLANK FLOORING & RECLAIMED MATERIALS LIMITED BARN SIDING | BEAMS | FIREPLACE MANTELS | STAIR PARTS & MORE Antique Oak – Custom Color Olde Wood LIMITED
Olde Wood WIDE PLANK FLOORING & RECLAIMED MATERIALS LIMITED BARN SIDING | BEAMS | FIREPLACE MANTELS | STAIR PARTS & MORE ANTIQUE OAK – CUSTOM COLOR Olde Wood LIMITED Wide Plank Flooring & Reclaimed Building Materials WIDE PLANK FLOORING | ANTIQUE BEAMS + TIMBER | BARN SIDING | FIREPLACE MANTELS HARDWOOD STAIR PARTS | WOODEN VENTS | RECLAIMED ROUGH STOCK LUMBER The unmistakable soft glow of a have a product for every budget, Traditional Plank flooring is live-sawn, reclaimed wood floor. A curiously taste or décor. resulting in tight grain patterns, positioned notch on a 150-year-old natural grain variation, and unique hand-hewn timber. The mesmerizing Although we are renown for our color and characterization. wavy grain of a weathered strip of Reclaimed Antique Flooring, we barn siding. are masters of preservation and Please explore this brochure as offer many other products for an introduction to our products. Beautiful wood does more than just the adornment of your interior or Afterwards, visit us online at illuminate a living space. It creates commercial space including Beams, www.OldeWoodLtd.com for a more a unique ambiance that relaxes, Barn Siding, and Fireplace Mantels. comprehensive look into the world of inspires, and causes the mind to reclaimed wood, or give us a call. dream. We also offer a selection of wide plank flooring products traditionally No matter how far along you are in Olde Wood Limited is a custom milled from mature, fallen, or the building or remodeling process, mill – we mill the most sought-after standing dead trees. Replicating we’re here to help and excited to flooring on the market today, and early pioneer sawing practices, our get you started. -
Environmental Considerations of Treated Wood National Park Service – Pacific West Region
Environmental Considerations of Treated Wood National Park Service – Pacific West Region Overview In support of the mission of the National Park Service, making wise decisions about using wood treatments will help protect the natural areas and biodiversity of our parks, and the health of our employees. Preservative-treated wood’s most important benefit is its resistance to water, fungal, and insect damage. Extending the life of wood products reduces the demands on forests for replacement lumber and reduces maintenance and replacement costs. Historic wooden structures that must be repaired with compatible materials or replaced with in-kind materials make durability even more important. Treated woods are nearly impervious to rot and insects, making them good for outdoor use. Wood treated with chromated copper arsenate (CCA) poses certain environmental and health risks, including the leaching of chemicals such as arsenic and chromium into the environment and workers’ risk of exposure to hazardous chemicals. Disposal of treated wood also proves to be an issue, particularly disposal by incineration. Due to these concerns, manufacturers of treated wood and the EPA reached an agreement to end the sale of CCA-treated wood for most lumber products, effective January 1, 2004. The following offers less-toxic alternatives to CCA, handling and use precautions, and other recommendations when considering using treated wood. Due to the toxicity and potential effects on health and the environment, the Presidio Trust implemented a policy on the use of pressure treated lumber. Standard operating procedure now prohibits the use of CCA, ACZA, CZC, ACC, and Pentachlorophenol. All dimensional lumber is now treated with ACQ as an alternative. -
UFGS 06 10 00 Rough Carpentry
************************************************************************** USACE / NAVFAC / AFCEC / NASA UFGS-06 10 00 (August 2016) Change 2 - 11/18 ------------------------------------ Preparing Activity: NAVFAC Superseding UFGS-06 10 00 (February 2012) UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS References are in agreement with UMRL dated July 2021 ************************************************************************** SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS DIVISION 06 - WOOD, PLASTICS, AND COMPOSITES SECTION 06 10 00 ROUGH CARPENTRY 08/16, CHG 2: 11/18 PART 1 GENERAL 1.1 REFERENCES 1.2 SUBMITTALS 1.3 DELIVERY AND STORAGE 1.4 GRADING AND MARKING 1.4.1 Lumber 1.4.2 Structural Glued Laminated Timber 1.4.3 Plywood 1.4.4 Structural-Use and OSB Panels 1.4.5 Preservative-Treated Lumber and Plywood 1.4.6 Fire-Retardant Treated Lumber 1.4.7 Hardboard, Gypsum Board, and Fiberboard 1.4.8 Plastic Lumber 1.5 SIZES AND SURFACING 1.6 MOISTURE CONTENT 1.7 PRESERVATIVE TREATMENT 1.7.1 Existing Structures 1.7.2 New Construction 1.8 FIRE-RETARDANT TREATMENT 1.9 QUALITY ASSURANCE 1.9.1 Drawing Requirements 1.9.2 Data Required 1.9.3 Humidity Requirements 1.9.4 Plastic Lumber Performance 1.10 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS 1.11 CERTIFICATIONS 1.11.1 Certified Wood Grades 1.11.2 Certified Sustainably Harvested Wood 1.11.3 Indoor Air Quality Certifications 1.11.3.1 Adhesives and Sealants 1.11.3.2 Composite Wood, Wood Structural Panel and Agrifiber Products SECTION 06 10 00 Page 1 PART 2 PRODUCTS 2.1 MATERIALS 2.1.1 Virgin Lumber 2.1.2 Salvaged Lumber 2.1.3 Recovered Lumber -
Opportunities and Regulatory Barrier for the Reuse of Salvaged Dimensional Lumber from Pre-1940S Houses
Opportunities and Regulatory Barrier for the Reuse of Salvaged Dimensional Lumber from Pre-1940s Houses Zahra. S. H. Teshnizi GREENEST CITY SCHOLAR 2015 Mentors: Lisa Brideau & Hugo Haley “It has been said that our old growth forests still stand — not in our forests, but in our buildings. Think about all that wood, every timber that makes up the bones of our homes, our schools and our workplaces. There’s a lot of it, and it is reusable. ” (Delta Institute, 2012, p. 5) Executive summary One third of the total solid waste in Metro Vancouver, is Construction, Renovation and Demolition (CRD) waste. Close to 90% of the CRD waste that is directly going to landfill in Metro Vancouver is from demolition projects. Compared to commercial buildings, one-two family houses have been far less successful in diverting demolition waste. Wood is the predominant material in single family homes in Vancouver and studies indicate that most of this wood is divertible and should not be sent to landfills. Old houses are a valuable source of high-quality wood from old-growth forests. Despite all the environmental, heritage, and social benefits of building deconstruction and salvage material reuse (specifically wood materials), this is yet to become the common practice in Vancouver. To support the Greenest City Action Plan and the Green Demolition Bylaw of the City of Vancouver, this project aimed to assess opportunities and regulatory barriers to reuse of non- contaminated dimensional lumber from houses built in 1940s or earlier in Vancouver. The project entailed three components: 1. Identifying the quantity, type, quality, and salvageability of dimensional lumber in pre-1940s houses: This information was collected through literature review, site visit of a heritage house renovation project, and interview with the experts in the field. -
Designing for Durability CONTINUING EDUCATION Strategies for Achieving Maximum Durability with Wood-Frame Construction Sponsored by Rethink Wood
EDUCATIONAL-ADVERTISEMENT Designing for Durability EDUCATION CONTINUING Strategies for achieving maximum durability with wood-frame construction Sponsored by reThink Wood rchitects specify wood for many Examples of wood buildings that have (glulam), cross laminated timber (CLT), and reasons, including cost, ease and stood for centuries exist all over the world, nail-laminated timber, along with a variety A efficiency of construction, design including the Horyu-ji temple in Ikaruga, of structural composite lumber products, are versatility, and sustainability—as well as Japan, built in the eighth century, stave enabling increased dimensional stability and its beauty and the innate appeal of nature churches in Norway, including one in Urnes strength, and greater long-span capabilities. and natural materials. Innovative new built in 1150, and many more. Today, wood These innovations are leading to taller, technologies and building systems are also is being used in a wider range of buildings highly innovative wood buildings. Examples leading to the increased use of wood as a than would have been possible even 20 years include (among others) a 10-story CLT structural material, not only in houses, ago. Next-generation lumber and mass timber apartment building in Australia, a 14-story schools, and other traditional applications, products, such as glue-laminated timber timber-frame apartment in Norway, but in larger, taller, and more visionary wood buildings. But even as the use of wood is expanding, one significant characteristic of wood buildings is often underestimated: their durability. Misperceptions still exist that buildings made of materials such as concrete or steel last longer than buildings made of wood. -
RLP Mini Low Profile V Track Hardware Sliding Door Hardware/ Barn Door Track
Page 1 of 10 Installation Suggestions for: RLP Mini Low Profile V Track Hardware sliding door hardware/ barn door track Read these instructions to end before starting installation or ordering hardware. Reclaimed Lumber Products (RLP) warrants this hardware is free of defects and is guaranteed for ten years if installed properly. Customer misusing hardware voids warranty. Hardware must be installed correctly in appropriate application with supplied materials. There must be appropriate structural backing and support to hold screws which mount track. Track failure is most likely to happen from incorrect or insufficient attachment of screws to wall. RLP is not liable for any accidents or damage caused by incorrect or insufficient installation. Warranty does not cover normal wear on finish especially where wheel rides on track. Track is rated for up to 300 lbs. total hanging on track. Do not allow persons to hang on door and slide on track. All structural support must be solid enough to support load. Attachment only to paneling or wallboard is not sufficient to hold track. Mounting screws must sink into studs or wood headers. A continuous solid wood header is preferred. RLP is not liable for any accidents or injury resulting during the installation of this product. Customer and installer should take proper safety precautions when using hand tools and power tools. It is up to the operator to know how to use tools properly, safely, and effectively. This hardware is not recommended for exterior installation. RLP takes pride in their products. Please provide pictures and feedback of your finished product. Thank you for choosing RLP. -
TECO Design and Application Guide Is Divided Into Four Sections
Structural Design and Plywood Application Guide INTRODUCTION Plywood as we know it has been produced since early in the 20th century. It has been in widespread use as sheathing in residential and commercial construction for well over 50 years and has developed a reputation as a premium panel product for both commodity and specialty applications. Structural plywood products give architects, engineers, designers, and builders a broad array of choices for use as subfloors, combination floors (i.e. subfloor and underlayment), wall and roof sheathing. Besides the very important function of supporting, resisting and transferring loads to the main force resisting elements of the building, plywood panels provide an excellent base for many types of finished flooring and provide a flat, solid base upon which the exterior wall cladding and roofing can be applied. This TECO Design and Application Guide is divided into four sections. Section 1 identifies some of the basics in selecting, handling, and storing plywood. Section 2 provides specific details regarding the application of plywood in single or multilayer floor systems, while Section 3 provides similar information for plywood used as wall and roof sheathing. Section 4 provides information on various performance issues concerning plywood. The information provided in this guide is based on standard industry practice. Users of structural-use panels should always consult the local building code and information provided by the panel manufacturer for more specific requirements and recommendations. -
Wood from Midwestern Trees Purdue EXTENSION
PURDUE EXTENSION FNR-270 Daniel L. Cassens Professor, Wood Products Eva Haviarova Assistant Professor, Wood Science Sally Weeks Dendrology Laboratory Manager Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University Indiana and the Midwestern land, but the remaining areas soon states are home to a diverse array reforested themselves with young of tree species. In total there are stands of trees, many of which have approximately 100 native tree been harvested and replaced by yet species and 150 shrub species. another generation of trees. This Indiana is a long state, and because continuous process testifies to the of that, species composition changes renewability of the wood resource significantly from north to south. and the ecosystem associated with it. A number of species such as bald Today, the wood manufacturing cypress (Taxodium distichum), cherry sector ranks first among all bark, and overcup oak (Quercus agricultural commodities in terms pagoda and Q. lyrata) respectively are of economic impact. Indiana forests native only to the Ohio Valley region provide jobs to nearly 50,000 and areas further south; whereas, individuals and add about $2.75 northern Indiana has several species billion dollars to the state’s economy. such as tamarack (Larix laricina), There are not as many lumber quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), categories as there are species of and jack pine (Pinus banksiana) that trees. Once trees from the same are more commonly associated with genus, or taxon, such as ash, white the upper Great Lake states. oak, or red oak are processed into In urban environments, native lumber, there is no way to separate species provide shade and diversity the woods of individual species. -
Platform Frame Construction (Part 2)
STRUCTURAL TIMBER 4 ENGINEERING BULLETIN Timber frame structures – platform frame construction (part 2) Introduction Horizontal diaphragms and bracing In Timber Engineering Bulletin No. 3 (part 1 in this sub-series on platform Horizontal diaphragms in platform frame buildings are provided by the frame construction), the composition and terminology used for platform intermediate floors (with a wood-based subdeck material fixed directly to the timber frame building structures, and the structural engineering checks which joists) and the roof structure (with either a wood-based ‘sarking’ board or are required to verify the adequacy of the vertical load paths and the strength discrete diagonal bracing members) (Figure 3). These horizontal structural and stiff ness of the individual framing members, was introduced. diaphragms transfer horizontal loads acting on the building to the foundations by means of their connections to the wall panels (or vertical diaphragms). This Timber Engineering Bulletin introduces the engineering checks for overall building stability and the stability checks required for the wall diaphragms which provide shear (or racking) resistance to a platform timber frame structure. Robustness and disproportionate collapse design considerations for platform timber frame buildings are addressed in part 3 of this sub-series. Overall stability To achieve its stability, platform timber frame construction relies on the diaphragm action of floor structures to transfer horizontal forces to a distributed arrangement of loadbearing walls. The load bearing walls provide both vertical support and horizontal racking and shear resistance. Due to the presence of open-plan or asymmetric layouts or the occurrence of large openings in loadbearing walls, it may be necessary to provide other means of providing stability to the building, for example by the use of ‘portalised’ or ‘rigid’ frames or discrete braced bays as indicated in Figure 1.