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The Socio-Demographic Changes in Romania

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The Socio-Demographic Changes in Romania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“The European Commission support for this publication does not constitute an endorsementof the contents, which reflects the view of the authors, and Commission cannot be heldresponsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein” (OHFWURQLFHGLWLRQ $QHOHFWURQLFHGLWLRQRIWKHMRXUQDOLVDYDLODEOHDWKWWSFVHLDVHPGMRXUQDO (GLWRULDOFRUUHVSRQGHQFH $OOVXEPLVVLRQVVKRXOGEHPDGHDWHHMUVFVLH#JPDLOFRP &RS\ULJKWUXOHV $OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG1RSDUWRIWKLVSXEOLFDWLRQPD\EHUHSURGXFHGWUDQVPLWWHGRU GLVVHPLQDWHGLQDQ\IRUPZLWKRXWWKHSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRUV (GLWRULDORIILFH$FDGHP\RIHFRQRPLF6WXGLHVRI0ROGRYDFHQWUHIRU(XURSHDQ ,QWHJUDWLRQ6WXGLHVVWU%DQXOHVFX%RGRQL%XLOGLQJ%RI¿FH0' &KLVLQDX0ROGRYD ZHESDJHKWWSFVHLDVHPG ISSN: 1857-436X e-ISSN 2537-6179 Eastern European Journal of Regional Studies Volume 3/ Issue 1/ June 2017 EDITED BY_________________________________________ Centre for European Integration Studies Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY x Boris ZHALEZKA, associate BOARD: professor, Belarus State Economic x Klaus ROSENTHAL, professor, University, Minsk, Belarus University of Paderborn, Germany x Svitlana SLAVA, professor, Faculty x Binshan LIN, associate professor, of Economics, Department of Business School, Louisiana State Economy of Enterprise, Uzhhorod University, Shreveport, USA National University, Ukraine x Valerij DERMOL, associate x Biruta SLOKA, professor, Faculty professor, International School for of Economics and Management, Social and Business Studies, Celje, University of Riga, Latvia Slovenia x Stela KOSTOUPOULOU, Aristotle x Gabriela Carmen PASCARIU, University of Thessaloniki, Greece professor, Center for European x Jan CELKO, professor, University Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza of Zilina, Slovakia University of Iasi, Romania x /LOLD ù$5*8, associate professor, x Elena GUSELETOVA, professor, Faculty of Economics, University of Faculty of Public Administration, European Studies of Moldova National research University x Svetlana GHENOVA, associate “Higher School of Economics”, professor, Faculty of Economics, Moscow Russia Comrat State University, Moldova x Natalia TIMUS, PhD, Maastricht x Ala LEVITSKAIA, associate Graduate School of Governance, professor, Faculty of Economics, Maastricht University, The Comrat State University, Moldova Netherlands x Cristina COSCIUG, associate x Carol SCOTT LEONARD, professor, Agrarian State University, professor, Faculty of Law, National Chisinau, Moldova research University “Higher School x Valentina PRITCAN, associate of Economics”, Moscow Russia professor, Alecu Russo State x Gabriela DRAGAN, professor, University, Balti, Moldova Bucharest Academy of Economic x Viorelia MOLDOVAN– Studies, Director of the European BATRINAC, associate professor, Institute of Romania International Free University, x Georgiana CICEO, associate Chisinau Moldova professor, Director of the x Nadejda VELI܇CO, associate Department for European Studies professor, Head of the Department and Governance, Faculty of for Higher Education and Science European Studies, University Babes Development, Ministry of Education – Bolyai, Romania of the Republic of Moldova x Silvo DEVETAK, professor, European Centre for Ethic, Regional and Social Studies, University of Maribor, Slovenia Eastern European Journal of Regional Studies Volume 3/ Issue 1/ June 2017 CONTENTS The Socio-Demographic Changes in Romania: an Analysis from the Human Development Perspective Mioara BORZA, Camelia SOPONARU 4 The Role of the European Union in the Consolidation of Market Economy in the Republic of Moldova Rodica CRUDU, Augustin IGNATOV 14 In-Depth Teaching on European Union Matters for Future Professionals Related to Industry 3.0 and Industry 4.0 Leonid MELNYK, Iryna DEHTYAROVA, Oleksandr KUBATKO 2 Cross-Border Tourism and its Significance for Tourism Destinations Roman LIVANDOVSCHI The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on the Economy of Republic of Moldova Ion STURZU, Corina GRIBINCEA, Alexandr GRIBINCEA 4 Professional Balance and it’s Psychological Valences Mariana ZUBENSCHI Innovations as a Factor for Ensuring Economic Safety Maxim SANDU, /LOLDù$5*8$OH[DQGU*5,%,1&($ Sub-Regional Cooperation of the Republic of Moldova on the South- East European Dimension Maria DIACON Conceptual Approach to Innovation - a Modern Tool to Enhance Entrepreneurial Competitiveness Elena SIMCIUC , CrLVWLQD&2ù&,8* Regional E-Infrastructure and Services for Research and Education in EAP Countries Petru BOGATENCOV, Grigore SECRIERU 4 EASTERN EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF REGIONAL STUDIES Volume 3/ Issue 1/ June 2017 The Socio-Demographic Changes in Romania: and Analysis from the Human Development Perspective Mioara BORZA1, Camelia SOPONARU2 Abstract The social and demographic changes registered in recent years, at European and Romanian level, have produced some effects visible in various reference areas. By this paper, we propose to achieve an empirical analysis meant to emphasize the main socio- economic changes of the last 10 years and their influence on the human society development. Based on the inventory of statistical data referring to the socio- demographic dynamics and using a research methodology based on inductive reasoning, dynamic and dialectics analysis, we will obtain some results of research that indicate: the human development is in positive evolution, even the number of population is decreasing. Key words: demographic, society, changes, resources, development, sustainability 1. Introduction The socio-demographic changes are normal dynamic phenomena, insofar as we approach the concept of normality from the perspective of human society evolution and development by relating mainly to the time factor and to social norms. Nonetheless, the scientific literature in the field and the current socioeconomic reality show that in some directions of human society evolution, changes are significant and they exceed the patterns of an evolutionary rhythm specific to normality. Among the most visible such changes, we mention as follows: alarming population decrease at European level, ample migration phenomena, and a significant increase in hyperconsumerism in association with high consumption of resources resulting in a massive amount of waste, in higher pollution levels, etc. All of these changes are visible and important, but it is worth noting certain relevant regional differences. The aforementioned general-major changes, along with different and particularized ones are part of a complex circular circuit, where subsystems influence each other: the dynamic of socio-demographic changes influences research management methods, while research management methods adapt to socio- demographic changes. Hence, economic growth – illustrated most of the times by the GDP values, though GDP alone is not representative – determines an increased consumption of goods, a phenomenon correlated with changes in the attitude and 1Mioara BORZA, OHFWXUHU 3K' ´$OH[DQGUX ,RDQ &X]D´ 8QLYHUVLW\ RI ,D܈L 5RPDQLD Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, email: [email protected] 2Camelia SOPONARU, Associate Prof., PhD., ”Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of ,D܈L Romania, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, email: [email protected] Mioara BORZA, Camelia SOPONARU 5 mentality of the population regarding consumption and the direction of human development. This conjecture determines the emergence of new forms of approaching the issue of socio-demographic changes and multiple economic and social implications, such as high costs for waste management, technological adaptation, health issues of the population, adaptive socio-educational phenomena, innovations in managerial systems, etc. Approached from the perspective of sustainability, the present paper aims at pointing out the main socio-demographic changes in the past 10 years in Romania and their possible consequences upon human development. We take into account that sustainable development - including as a desideratum of Europe 2020 Strategy – involves the optimal intertwining of economic, social, and ecological aspects. [7] Hence, a certain imbalance recorded in any of the components determines imbalances in the ensemble of a sustainable development. The research - empirical and predominantly quantitative – uses official data and reports and it includes a qualitative interpretative analysis. We use analysis indicators specific to the theme, and our base of reference is the Human Development Index (HDI), to which we add socio-demographic and economic indicators specific to the context analyzed. The qualitative component aims to identify the attitudinal, behavioural,
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