NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY Bioinspired Devices and Materials of the Future
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Rise of the Molecular Machines Euan R
Angewandte. Essays International Edition: DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503375 Supramolecular Systems German Edition: DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503375 Rise of the Molecular Machines Euan R. Kay* and David A. Leigh* molecular devices · molecular machines · molecular motors · molecular nanotechnology Introduction inspirational in general terms, it is doubtful whether either of these manifestos had much practical influence on the devel- “When we get to the very, very small world … we have a lot of opment of artificial molecular machines.[5] Feynmans talk new things that would happen that represent completely new came at a time before chemists had the synthetic methods and opportunities for design … At the atomic level we have new kinds analytical tools available to be able to consider how to make of forces and new kinds of possibilities, new kinds of effects. The molecular machines; Drexlers somewhat nonchemical view problem of manufacture and reproduction of materials will be of atomic construction is not shared by the majority of quite different … inspired by biological phenomena in which experimentalists working in this area. In fact, “mechanical” chemical forces are used in a repetitious fashion to produce all movement within molecules has been part of chemistry since kinds of weird effects (one of which is the author) …” conformational analysis became established in the 1950s.[6] As Richard P. Feynman (1959)[2] well as being central to advancing the structural analysis of complex molecules, this was instrumental in chemists begin- It has long been appreciated that molecular motors and ning to consider dynamics as an intrinsic aspect of molecular machines are central to almost every biological process. -
Nanoscience and Nanotechnologies: Opportunities and Uncertainties
ISBN 0 85403 604 0 © The Royal Society 2004 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act (1998), no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of the publisher, or, in the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency in the UK, or in accordance with the terms of licenses issued by the appropriate reproduction rights organization outside the UK. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to: Science Policy Section The Royal Society 6–9 Carlton House Terrace London SW1Y 5AG email [email protected] Typeset in Frutiger by the Royal Society Proof reading and production management by the Clyvedon Press, Cardiff, UK Printed by Latimer Trend Ltd, Plymouth, UK ii | July 2004 | Nanoscience and nanotechnologies The Royal Society & The Royal Academy of Engineering Nanoscience and nanotechnologies: opportunities and uncertainties Contents page Summary vii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Hopes and concerns about nanoscience and nanotechnologies 1 1.2 Terms of reference and conduct of the study 2 1.3 Report overview 2 1.4 Next steps 3 2 What are nanoscience and nanotechnologies? 5 3 Science and applications 7 3.1 Introduction 7 3.2 Nanomaterials 7 3.2.1 Introduction to nanomaterials 7 3.2.2 Nanoscience in this area 8 3.2.3 Applications 10 3.3 Nanometrology -
Bottom-Up Self-Assembly Based on DNA Nanotechnology
nanomaterials Review Bottom-Up Self-Assembly Based on DNA Nanotechnology 1, 1, 1 1 1,2,3, Xuehui Yan y, Shujing Huang y, Yong Wang , Yuanyuan Tang and Ye Tian * 1 College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; [email protected] (X.Y.); [email protected] (S.H.); [email protected] (Y.W.); [email protected] (Y.T.) 2 Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518000, China 3 Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China * Correspondence: [email protected] These authors contributed equally to this work. y Received: 9 September 2020; Accepted: 12 October 2020; Published: 16 October 2020 Abstract: Manipulating materials at the atomic scale is one of the goals of the development of chemistry and materials science, as it provides the possibility to customize material properties; however, it still remains a huge challenge. Using DNA self-assembly, materials can be controlled at the nano scale to achieve atomic- or nano-scaled fabrication. The programmability and addressability of DNA molecules can be applied to realize the self-assembly of materials from the bottom-up, which is called DNA nanotechnology. DNA nanotechnology does not focus on the biological functions of DNA molecules, but combines them into motifs, and then assembles these motifs to form ordered two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) lattices. These lattices can serve as general templates to regulate the assembly of guest materials. In this review, we introduce three typical DNA self-assembly strategies in this field and highlight the significant progress of each. -
Intelligent Nanosystems Based on Molecular Motors
Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures Vol. 4, No. 4, December 2009, p. 613 - 621 APPLICATIONS OF MOLECULAR MOTORS IN INTELLIGENT NANOSYSTEMS H. R. Khataeea, A. R. Khataeeb* aDepartment of Computer Engineering, Payam Noor University of Hashtrood, Hashtrood, Iran bCorresponding author: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran All cells of living organisms contain complex transport systems based on molecular motors which enable movement on their polymer filaments. Molecular motors are responsible for various dynamical processes for transporting single molecules over small distances to cell movement and growth. Molecular motors are far more complex than any motors that have yet been artificially constructed. Molecular motors are ideal nanomotors because of their small size, perfect structure, smart and high efficiency. Recent advances in understanding how molecular motors work has raised the possibility that they might find applications as nanorobots. Constructing of biomimetic nanorobots and nanomachines that perform specific tasks is a long-term goal of nanobiotechnology. Thus, in this paper we have summarized some of potential applications of molecular motors. Our reviewing of potential applications of molecular motors indicates that these extraordinary systems can be had potential applications in nanorobots, nanodevices and nanomedicine. This review indicate that molecular motors might be the key to yet unsolved applications in vast variety of sciences that are only imagined today. (Received September 1, 2009; accepted Septemberv 27, 2009) Keywords: Nanobiotechnology, Nanorobots, Nanomachines, Nanodevices, Nanomedicine, Molecular motors 1. Introduction It is obvious that movement, in one form or another, is an essential feature of all life at both the macroscopic and cellular level. -
Molecular Nanotechnology - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
Molecular nanotechnology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_manufacturing Molecular nanotechnology From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Molecular manufacturing) Part of the article series on Molecular nanotechnology (MNT) is the concept of Nanotechnology topics Molecular Nanotechnology engineering functional mechanical systems at the History · Implications Applications · Organizations molecular scale.[1] An equivalent definition would be Molecular assembler Popular culture · List of topics "machines at the molecular scale designed and built Mechanosynthesis Subfields and related fields atom-by-atom". This is distinct from nanoscale Nanorobotics Nanomedicine materials. Based on Richard Feynman's vision of Molecular self-assembly Grey goo miniature factories using nanomachines to build Molecular electronics K. Eric Drexler complex products (including additional Scanning probe microscopy Engines of Creation Nanolithography nanomachines), this advanced form of See also: Nanotechnology Molecular nanotechnology [2] nanotechnology (or molecular manufacturing ) Nanomaterials would make use of positionally-controlled Nanomaterials · Fullerene mechanosynthesis guided by molecular machine systems. MNT would involve combining Carbon nanotubes physical principles demonstrated by chemistry, other nanotechnologies, and the molecular Nanotube membranes machinery Fullerene chemistry Applications · Popular culture Timeline · Carbon allotropes Nanoparticles · Quantum dots Colloidal gold · Colloidal -
Dynamic DNA Nanotechnology: Toward Functional Nanoscale Devices Cite This: Nanoscale Horiz., 2020, 5,182 Marcello Deluca,A Ze Shi,B Carlos E
Nanoscale Horizons View Article Online REVIEW View Journal | View Issue Dynamic DNA nanotechnology: toward functional nanoscale devices Cite this: Nanoscale Horiz., 2020, 5,182 Marcello DeLuca,a Ze Shi,b Carlos E. Castrocd and Gaurav Arya *a Dynamic DNA nanotechnology involves the creation of nanoscale devices made of DNA whose primary function arises from their ability to undergo controlled motion or reconfiguration. In the past two Received 8th August 2019, decades, dynamic DNA nanotechnology has evolved to the point where it is now being employed in Accepted 15th October 2019 devices intended for applications in sensing, drug delivery, computation, nanorobotics, and more. In this DOI: 10.1039/c9nh00529c review article, we discuss the design of dynamic DNA nanodevices and the characterization and prediction of device behavior. We also identify a number of continuing challenges in dynamic DNA rsc.li/nanoscale-horizons nanotechnology and discuss potential solutions to those challenges. 1 Introduction DNA is highly programmable. Sequences of DNA bind specifi- cally to each other via strict base-pairing rules.1 This means DNA nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field that uses DNA as that the lengths, positions, and orientations of the hybridized, a material for creating nanoscale structures and devices. DNA is double-helical elements of the structure can be readily and an attractive candidate for this application for several reasons. rationally programmed into the DNA sequence. Lastly, DNA can Firstly, DNA is truly nanoscopic. Its smallest structural unit, the be readily synthesized at reasonable cost and its properties are nucleotide, occupies approximately the space of a 0.34 nm wide also generally well understood. -
The Bottom-Up Construction of Molecular Devices and Machines*
Pure Appl. Chem., Vol. 80, No. 8, pp. 1631–1650, 2008. doi:10.1351/pac200880081631 © 2008 IUPAC Nanoscience and nanotechnology: The bottom-up construction of molecular devices and machines* Vincenzo Balzani‡ Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy Abstract: The bottom-up approach to miniaturization, which starts from molecules to build up nanostructures, enables the extension of the macroscopic concepts of a device and a ma- chine to molecular level. Molecular-level devices and machines operate via electronic and/or nuclear rearrangements and, like macroscopic devices and machines, need energy to operate and signals to communicate with the operator. Examples of molecular-level photonic wires, plug/socket systems, light-harvesting antennas, artificial muscles, molecular lifts, and light- powered linear and rotary motors are illustrated. The extension of the concepts of a device and a machine to the molecular level is of interest not only for basic research, but also for the growth of nanoscience and the development of nanotechnology. Keywords: molecular devices; molecular machines; information processing; photophysics; miniaturization. INTRODUCTION Nanotechnology [1–8] is a frequently used word both in the scientific literature and in the common lan- guage. It has become a favorite, and successful, term among America’s most fraudulent stock promot- ers [9] and, in the venture capital world of start-up companies, is perceived as “the design of very tiny platforms upon which to raise enormous amounts of money” [1]. Indeed, nanotechnology is a word that stirs up enthusiasm or fear since it is expected, for the good or for the bad, to have a strong influence on the future of mankind. -
Virus-Based Nanoparticles of Simian Virus 40 in the Field of Nanobiotechnology
REVIEW Nanobiotechnology www.biotechnology-journal.com Virus-Based Nanoparticles of Simian Virus 40 in the Field of Nanobiotechnology Wenjing Zhang, Xian-En Zhang,* and Feng Li* novel functional nanostructures for tar- Biomolecular nanostructures derived from living organisms, such as geted delivery, imaging and sensing, protein cages, fibers, and layers are drawing increasing interests as natural catalysis, immunotherapy, tissue engi- [1–3] biomaterials. The virus-based nanoparticles (VNPs) of simian virus 40 neering, and theranostics. Alarge variety of different viruses, ranging from (SV40), with a cage-like structure assembled from the major capsid protein bacteriophages and plant viruses to animal of SV40, have been developed as a platform for nanobiotechnology in the viruses and human viruses with different recent decade. Foreign nanomaterials (e.g., quantum dots (QDs) and gold shapes, sizes, and compositions, are being nanoparticles (AuNPs)) can be positioned in the inner cavity or on the utilized for nanobiotechnological innova- [4–8] outer surface of SV40 VNPs, through self-assembly by engineering the tions. Here we concentrate on the nanoparticle (NP)-protein interfacial interactions. Construction of these explorations of an animal virus, simian virus 40 (SV40) for materials purposes in hybrid nanostructures has enabled integration of different functionalities. this emerging field. This review briefly summarizes the applications of SV40 VNPs in this SV40 belongs to the polyomavirus multidisciplinary field, including NP encapsulation, templated assembly of family, which has been extensively stud- nanoarchitectures, nanophotonics, and fluorescence imaging. ied as a model virus, so the background is relatively clear. SV40 has a closed circular dsDNA genome of 5.2 kb which com- prises three parts including a non- 1. -
Viruses and Nanobiotechnology Verónica Almeida Marrero
MÁSTERES de la UAM Facultad de Ciencias / 15-16 Nanociencia y Nanotecnología Viruses and Nanobiotechnology Verónica Almeida Marrero ! Viruses and Nanobiotechnology Master Degree in Molecular Nanoscience and Nanotechnology MSc dissertation presented by Verónica Almeida Marrero Supervisor: Tomás Torres Cebada Department of Organic Chemistry Madrid, April 8th, 2016 ! !1 ! To my mother and sisters To Adrián Guillermo and Alexander Gómez and to Sebastián Méndez ! !2 ! ABBREVIATIONS DNA = Deoxyribonucleic Acid RNA = Ribonucleic Acid VNP = Viral Nanoparticle VLP = Virus-Like-Particle CCMV = Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus CPMV = Cowpea Mosaic Virus RCNMV = Red Clover Necrotic Mosaic Virus TMV = Tobacco Mosaic Virus BMV = Brome Mosaic Virus EGFP = Green Fluorescent Protein TYMV = Turnip Yellow Mosaic Virus FR = Folate Receptor HCRSV = Hibiscus Chlorotic Ringspot Virus MRI = Magnetic Resonance Imaging PET = Positron Emission Tomography FITC = Fluorescein Isothiocyanate HJV = Hemagglutinating Virus of Japan APC = Antigen-Presenting Cell HIV = Human Immunodeficiency Virus PVX = Potato Virus X TBSV = Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus PEG = Polyethylene Glycol FDA = Food and Drug Administration STM = Scanning Tunneling Microscopy AIDS = Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ELISA = Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay PCR = Polymerase Chain Reaction CNT = Carbon Nanotube DHF = Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever DSS = Dengue Shock Syndrome NS1 = Non-Structural 1 protein Fc = Crystallizable Fragment MDCK = Madin-Darby Canine Kidney HSV-1 = Herpes Virus Simple type 1 HSV-2 = -
SJ Rosenthal, D. Wright (Eds.)
S.J. Rosenthal, D. Wright (Eds.) NanoBiotechnology Protocols Series: Methods in Molecular Biology, Vol. 303 The combination of nanoscience and biotechnology promises to yield revolutionary biological insights, ranging from receptor function to drug discovery to personal medicine. In NanoBiotechnology Protocols, hands-on experts in nanomaterial synthesis and application describe in detail the key experimental techniques currently employed in novel materials synthesis, dynamic cellular imaging, and biological assays. The authors emphasize diverse strategies to synthesize and functionalize the use of nanoparticles for biological applications. Additional chapters focus on the use of biological components (peptides, antibodies, and DNA) to synthesize and organize nanoparticles to be used as a building block in larger assemblies. These new materials make it possible to image cellular processes for longer durations, leading to high throughput cellular-based screens for drug discovery, drug delivery, and diagnostic applications. Highlights include overview chapters on quantum dots and DNA nanotechnology, and cutting-edge techniques in 2005, XII, 230 p. With CD-ROM. the emerging nanobiotechnology arena. A value-added compact disk containing color figures is included. The protocols follow the successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ A product of Humana Press series format, each offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principle behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents, and Printed book tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Hardcover Illuminating and cross-disciplinary, NanoBiotechnology Protocols enables novice and ▶ 139,99 € | £119.99 | $169.99 experienced researchers alike to quickly come up to speed with both nanomaterials ▶ *149,79 € (D) | 153,99 € (A) | CHF 165.50 preparation and the use of nanomaterials in biological and medicinal applications. -
EEE 4424 (Nanobiotechnology)
Department of Computer & Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Florida Atlantic University Course Syllabus 1. Course title/number, number of credit hours Nanobiotechnology # of credit hours = 3 EEE 4424 2. Course prerequisites, corequisites, and where the course fits in the program of study Prerequisites: Department Permission 3. Course logistics Term: Spring 2019 Location: TBD 4. Instructor contact information Instructor’s name Waseem Asghar, PhD Office address Bldg. EE 96/ Room 435 Office Hours TBD Contact telephone number 561-297-2800 Email address [email protected] 5. TA contact information TA’s name TBD Office address Office Hours Contact telephone number Email address 6. Course description The sensing and characterization of biological entities, processes and events, with novel nanoscale devices and nano-object mediated modalities, will have immediate and far reaching impacts. This course covers the fundamentals of nanotechnology in biological and biomedical research. The course work is approached from an engineering perspective offering insights on the details of nanoscale fabrication processes as well as cell biology. The basics of biology and chemistry, with focus on how to engineer the behavior of molecules at the nanoscale, are also introduced and analyzed. Concepts and processes related to BioMEMS and microfluidics will also be explained. 7. Course objectives/student learning outcomes/program outcomes Course objectives To introduce the students to the concepts of nanobiotechnology and its applications in biological and -
Developing Oversight Frameworks for Nanobiotechnology
Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology Volume 9 Issue 1 Article 16 2007 Developing Oversight Frameworks for Nanobiotechnology Jordan PAradise Susan M. Wolf Gurumurthy Ramachandran Efrosini Kokkoli Ralph Hall See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/mjlst Recommended Citation Jordan PAradise, Susan M. Wolf, Gurumurthy Ramachandran, Efrosini Kokkoli, Ralph Hall & Jennifer Kuzm, Developing Oversight Frameworks for Nanobiotechnology, 9 MINN. J.L. SCI. & TECH. 399 (2008). Available at: https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/mjlst/vol9/iss1/16 The Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology is published by the University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing. Developing Oversight Frameworks for Nanobiotechnology Authors Jordan PAradise, Susan M. Wolf, Gurumurthy Ramachandran, Efrosini Kokkoli, Ralph Hall, and Jennifer Kuzm This article is available in Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology: https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/mjlst/ vol9/iss1/16 PARADISE J. DEVELOPING OVERSIGHT FRAMEWORKS FOR NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY. MINN. J.L. SCI. & TECH. 2008;9(1):399-416. Developing Oversight Frameworks for Nanobiotechnology Jordan Paradise, Susan M. Wolf, Gurumurthy Ramachandran, Efrosini Kokkoli, Ralph Hall & Jennifer Kuzma* Nanotechnology involves the ability to work at the atomic and molecular level to create structures with fundamentally new molecular structures in order to exploit novel properties that do not normally exist at a larger size. The National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI),