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Guru Tegh Bahadur
Second Edition: Revised and updated with Gurbani of Guru Tegh Bahadur. GURU TEGH BAHADUR (1621-1675) The True Story Gurmukh Singh OBE (UK) Published by: Author’s note: This Digital Edition is available to Gurdwaras and Sikh organisations for publication with own cover design and introductory messages. Contact author for permission: Gurmukh Singh OBE E-mail: [email protected] Second edition © 2021 Gurmukh Singh © 2021 Gurmukh Singh All rights reserved by the author. Except for quotations with acknowledgement, no part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or medium without the specific written permission of the author or his legal representatives. The account which follows is that of Guru Tegh Bahadur, Nanak IX. His martyrdom was a momentous and unique event. Never in the annals of human history had the leader of one religion given his life for the religious freedom of others. Tegh Bahadur’s deed [martyrdom] was unique (Guru Gobind Singh, Bachittar Natak.) A martyrdom to stabilize the world (Bhai Gurdas Singh (II) Vaar 41 Pauri 23) ***** First edition: April 2017 Second edition: May 2021 Revised and updated with interpretation of the main themes of Guru Tegh Bahadur’s Gurbani. References to other religions in this book: Sikhi (Sikhism) respects all religious paths to the One Creator Being of all. Guru Nanak used the same lens of Truthful Conduct and egalitarian human values to judge all religions as practised while showing the right way to all in a spirit of Sarbatt da Bhala (wellbeing of all). His teachings were accepted by most good followers of the main religions of his time who understood the essence of religion, while others opposed. -
Of Our 10Th Master - Dhan Guru Gobind Singh Ji Maharaj
TODAY, 25th December 2017 marks the Parkash (coming into the world) of our 10th master - Dhan Guru Gobind Singh Ji Maharaj. By dedicating just 5 minutes per day over 4 days you will be able to experience this saakhi (historical account) as narrated by Bhai Vishal Singh Ji from Kavi Santokh Singh Ji’s Gurpartap Suraj Granth. Please take the time to read it and immerse yourselves in our rich and beautiful history, Please share as widely as possible so we can all remember our king of kings Dhan Guru Gobind Singh Ji on this day. Let's not let today pass for Sikhs as just being Christmas! Please forgive us for any mistakes. *Some background information…* When we talk about the coming into this world of a Guru Sahib, we avoid using the word ‘birth’ for anything that is born must also die one day. However, *Satgur mera sada sada* The true Guru is forever and ever (Dhan Guru Ramdaas Ji Maharaj, Ang 758) Thus, when we talk about the coming into the world of Guru Sahibs we use words such as Parkash or Avtar. This is because Maharaj are forever present and on this day They simply became known/visible to us. Similarly, on the day that Guru Sahib leave their physical form, we do not use the word death because although Maharaj gave up their human form, they have not left us. Their jot (light) was passed onto the next Guru Sahib and now resides within Dhan Guru Granth Sahib Ji Maharaj. So, you will often hear people say “Maharaj Joti Jot smaa gai” meaning that their light merged back into the light of Vaheguru. -
Know Your Heritage Introductory Essays on Primary Sources of Sikhism
KNOW YOUR HERIGAGE INTRODUCTORY ESSAYS ON PRIMARY SOURCES OF SIKHISM INSTITUTE OF S IKH S TUDIES , C HANDIGARH KNOW YOUR HERITAGE INTRODUCTORY ESSAYS ON PRIMARY SOURCES OF SIKHISM Dr Dharam Singh Prof Kulwant Singh INSTITUTE OF S IKH S TUDIES CHANDIGARH Know Your Heritage – Introductory Essays on Primary Sikh Sources by Prof Dharam Singh & Prof Kulwant Singh ISBN: 81-85815-39-9 All rights are reserved First Edition: 2017 Copies: 1100 Price: Rs. 400/- Published by Institute of Sikh Studies Gurdwara Singh Sabha, Kanthala, Indl Area Phase II Chandigarh -160 002 (India). Printed at Adarsh Publication, Sector 92, Mohali Contents Foreword – Dr Kirpal Singh 7 Introduction 9 Sri Guru Granth Sahib – Dr Dharam Singh 33 Vars and Kabit Swiyyas of Bhai Gurdas – Prof Kulwant Singh 72 Janamsakhis Literature – Prof Kulwant Singh 109 Sri Gur Sobha – Prof Kulwant Singh 138 Gurbilas Literature – Dr Dharam Singh 173 Bansavalinama Dasan Patshahian Ka – Dr Dharam Singh 209 Mehma Prakash – Dr Dharam Singh 233 Sri Gur Panth Parkash – Prof Kulwant Singh 257 Sri Gur Partap Suraj Granth – Prof Kulwant Singh 288 Rehatnamas – Dr Dharam Singh 305 Know your Heritage 6 Know your Heritage FOREWORD Despite the widespread sweep of globalization making the entire world a global village, its different constituent countries and nations continue to retain, follow and promote their respective religious, cultural and civilizational heritage. Each one of them endeavours to preserve their distinctive identity and take pains to imbibe and inculcate its religio- cultural attributes in their younger generations, so that they continue to remain firmly attached to their roots even while assimilating the modern technology’s influence and peripheral lifestyle mannerisms of the new age. -
Authenticity of Standard Version of Dasam Granth: History and Its Text in Literature*
Authenticity of Standard Version of Dasam Granth: History and its Text in Literature* By: Jasbir Singh Mann M.D. Granths with title as Sri Dasam Granth/or Dasam Patshahi Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, also known as Standard Version of Dasam Granth has been seen since 1897 AD in Circulation in Title prints with fixed compositions/contents with and arrangement of contents in 1428 pages, which was published after correction of 32 Granths by a Sodhak committee 1896AD and in Print form since 1900AD. Review of Literature shows no such Granth with Title Sri Dasam Granth or Dasmi Patshahi Ka Granth (with fixed pattern of Compositions/contents and arrangement) was seen in Punjab or Delhi area Sikh institutions in 18th century. Indian sources, Persian sources & over 30 European sources were silent about this Granth during 18th Century. In Literature Title “Dasmi Patshahi Granth” was first time reported by Malcolm in 1810 AD (early 19th century). Then onwards in early 19th century, such Granths started appearing in Sikh institutions in Punjab, initially in hand written Birs and then in print form in 19th century. By 1895AD, over 32 versions, with variable patterns of compositions in hand written birs, including six printed versions were available in Punjab. Sodhak committee prepared final standard version in 1897 AD which has been extensively used in literature during 20th century (1900AD-2000AD). This Granth has always remained controversial among scholars and Sikh community and issues of authenticity of its compositions can be traced during Cunningham during Pre-Singhsabha /Singh Sabha period and from 1947AD onwards till 2013. -
Sikhism Reinterpreted: the Creation of Sikh Identity
Lake Forest College Lake Forest College Publications Senior Theses Student Publications 4-16-2014 Sikhism Reinterpreted: The rC eation of Sikh Identity Brittany Fay Puller Lake Forest College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://publications.lakeforest.edu/seniortheses Part of the Asian History Commons, History of Religion Commons, and the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Puller, Brittany Fay, "Sikhism Reinterpreted: The rC eation of Sikh Identity" (2014). Senior Theses. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Publications at Lake Forest College Publications. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Lake Forest College Publications. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Sikhism Reinterpreted: The rC eation of Sikh Identity Abstract The iS kh identity has been misinterpreted and redefined amidst the contemporary political inclinations of elitist Sikh organizations and the British census, which caused the revival and alteration of Sikh history. This thesis serves as a historical timeline of Punjab’s religious transitions, first identifying Sikhism’s emergence and pluralism among Bhakti Hinduism and Chishti Sufism, then analyzing the effects of Sikhism’s conduct codes in favor of militancy following the human Guruship’s termination, and finally recognizing the identity-driven politics of colonialism that led to the partition of Punjabi land and identity in 1947. Contemporary practices of ritualism within Hinduism, Chishti Sufism, and Sikhism were also explored through research at the Golden Temple, Gurudwara Tapiana Sahib Bhagat Namdevji, and Haider Shaikh dargah, which were found to share identical features of Punjabi religious worship tradition that dated back to their origins. -
Hindus, Mohammedans Vis-A-Vis Sikhs
36 HINDUS, MOHAMMEDANS VIS-A-VIS SIKHS Sikhs have generally been working under the Hindu spell that they were created only to defend the Hindu Dharam and Hindu Nation. This purpose having been fulfilled, a section of the Hindus who have never tolerated the independent existence of the Sikhs, have begun to suggest that the Sikhs should better merge now into the Hindu fold. This spell had even created a common aversion amongst the Sikhs towards the Muslims as a whole. It will be worthwhile, therefore, to look into the facts and reality of their mutual relations. Sikhism, the Satguru’s way of life, was founded by Guru Nanak. We have seen that when Guru Nanak started this movement in India, the Aryan and Semitic thoughts and cultures were in conflict. Sometimes it took shape of bloody happenings and aggression and tyranny on the physically and politically weak which were the Hindu Aryans. Guru Nanak struck the middle way. It steered clear of both, though it passed through the middle. It was an independent approach. This is vividly and definitely made clear by the tenth Satguru in his significant Swayya that we recite every evening : Since I have embraced Thy Feet, I have brought no one under my eye : gkfJ rj/ ip s/ s[wo/ sp s/ e'T{ nKy so/ Bjh nkB:' . Ram and Rahim, the Purans and the Quran express various opinions, but I believe in none of them. okw ojhw g[okB e[okB nB/e ej?_ ws J/e B wkB:' . The Smritis, the Shastras, and the Vedas all expound so 202 THOUGHTS OF BHAI ARDAMAN SINGH many different doctrines, but I accept none of them. -
A Comparative Study of Sikhism and Hinduism
A Comparative Study of Sikhism and Hinduism A Comparative Study of Sikhism and Hinduism Dr Jagraj Singh A publication of Sikh University USA Copyright Dr. Jagraj Singh 1 A Comparative Study of Sikhism and Hinduism A comparative study of Sikhism and Hinduism Contents Page Acknowledgements 4 Foreword Introduction 5 Chapter 1 What is Sikhism? 9 What is Hinduism? 29 Who are Sikhs? 30 Who are Hindus? 33 Who is a Sikh? 34 Who is a Hindu? 35 Chapter 2 God in Sikhism. 48 God in Hinduism. 49 Chapter 3 Theory of creation of universe---Cosmology according to Sikhism. 58 Theory of creation according to Hinduism 62 Chapter 4 Scriptures of Sikhism 64 Scriptures of Hinduism 66 Chapter 5 Sikh place of worship and worship in Sikhism 73 Hindu place of worship and worship in Hinduism 75 Sign of invocation used in Hinduism Sign of invocation used in Sikhism Chapter 6 Hindu Ritualism (Karm Kanda) and Sikh view 76 Chapter 7 Important places of Hindu pilgrimage in India 94 Chapter 8 Hindu Festivals 95 Sikh Festivals Chapter 9 Philosophy of Hinduism---Khat Darsan 98 Philosophy of Sikhism-----Gur Darshan / Gurmat 99 Chapter 10 Panjabi language 103 Chapter 11 The devisive caste system of Hinduism and its rejection by Sikhism 111 Chapter 12 Religion and Character in Sikhism------Ethics of Sikhism 115 Copyright Dr. Jagraj Singh 2 A Comparative Study of Sikhism and Hinduism Sexual morality in Sikhism Sexual morality in Hinduism Religion and ethics of Hinduism Status of woman in Hinduism Chapter13 Various concepts of Hinduism and the Sikh view 127 Chapter 14 Rejection of authority of scriptures of Hinduism by Sikhism 133 Chapter 15 Sacraments of Hinduism and Sikh view 135 Chapter 16 Yoga (Yogic Philosophy of Hinduism and its rejection in Sikhism 142 Chapter 17 Hindu mythology and Sikh view 145 Chapter 18 Un-Sikh and anti-Sikh practices and their rejection 147 Chapter 19 Sikhism versus other religious aystems 149 Glossary of common terms used in Sikhism 154 Bibliography 160 Copyright Dr. -
View Editorial in PDF Format
Editorial The year 2008 marks the third centennial of the passing away of Guru Gobind Singh (Guru 1675-1708), the tenth and last personal Guru, whose hand has indelibly shaped the destiny of the Sikhs. The Khalsa Panth, their self-designation, the code of belief and practice (rahit) they aspire to follow, the four most sacred places (Patna, Anandpur, Damdama, and Nanderh) they make pilgrimage to, the system of dual authority of the Guru Granth and the Guru Panth they cherish, and the vision of Sikh sovereignty (raj karega Khalsa) they sing about in their daily prayers, emerged during the period of Guru Gobind Singh’s leadership. While the global Sikh community’s commemoration of the tercentennial of Guru Gobind Singh’s remained focused on the elevation day (Gurgaddi Divas) of the Guru Granth, we at the Journal of Punjab Studies decided to dedicate a special issue to his life and times and update scholarly understanding of his position and role in Sikh history. The seven contributors to this volume belong to the disciplines of history, literature, and religion, and they range from senior figures in the field to the fresh voice of a doctoral candidate. They are associated with academic institutions in the Punjab, Britain, and the United States. Here is homage to an illustrious figure in Sikh history from those who come from three disciplines, three generations, and three continents. The issue of the Journal is divided into three sections. The opening set includes essays dealing with the life and legacy of Guru Gobind Singh. It begins with J.S. -
THE SIKH GURUS Lives, Works and Teachings
THE SIKH GURUS Lives, Works and Teachings THE SIKH GURUS Lives, Works and Teachings A BRIEF DESCRIPTION Mukhtar Singh Goraya Publisher: Dr. Inderjit Kaur, President All India Pingalwara Charitable Society (Regd.), Amritsar THE SIKH GURUS LIVES, WORKS AND TEACHINGS A BRIEF DESCRIPTION Written by : Mukhtar Singh Goraya D-577, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar - 143 001 Ph: +91-183-2501399 M: 98551-22568 © - Author First Edition : November, 2015 ISBN: 978-81-923150-5-8 Publisher : Dr. Inderjit Kaur, President All India Pingalwara Charitable Society (Regd.), Amritsar. Ph. no. 91-183-2584586, 2584713 E-mail: [email protected] FREE OF COST Printed at: Printwell, 146, Industrial Focal Point, Amritsar. Dedicated to The sacred memory of Bhagat Puran Singh, founder of *Pingalwara, working wherein, this author got the inspiration to write this book. *Pingalwara — a model of selfless service — is a home for the homeless, support for the supportless, a hospital for the sick, a cradle for the children, and a safe haven for young women — victims of domestic violence, social exploitation, etc. CONTENTS DESCRIPTION PAGE 1. Foreword 7 2. Introduction 11 3. Chapter: 1 Sri Guru Nanak Dev 13 4. Chapter: 2 Sri Guru Angad Dev 59 5. Chapter: 3 Sri Guru Amar Das 71 6. Chapter: 4 Sri Guru Ram Das 81 7. Chapter: 5 Sri Guru Arjan Dev 88 8. Chapter: 6 Sri Guru Hargobind 106 9. Chapter: 7 Sri Guru Har Rai 132 10. Chapter: 8 Sri Guru Har Krishan 138 11. Chapter: 9 Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur 142 12. Chapter:10 Sri Guru Gobind Singh 160 13. Chapter:11 Sri Guru Granth Sahib 210 14. -
International Research Journal of Commerce, Arts and Science Issn 2319 – 9202
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF COMMERCE, ARTS AND SCIENCE ISSN 2319 – 9202 An Internationally Indexed Peer Reviewed & Refereed Journal Shri Param Hans Education & Research Foundation Trust WWW.CASIRJ.COM www.SPHERT.org Published by iSaRa Solutions CASIRJ Volume 9 Issue 3 [Year - 2018] ISSN 2319 – 9202 Life and Philosophy of Guru Gobind Singh Ji Ramanpreet Kaur Research Scholar, Department of History, Desh Bhagat Uni. Mandi Gobindgarh [email protected] Life-Guru Gobind Singh was born at patna on Dec.22,1666.1 On that propitious day, Guru Gobind Singh was born to Mata Gujari, wife of Guru Tegh Bahadur, Patna was touched with eternal holiness.2 Guru Tegh Bahadur named him Gobind Das. He lived there for about five years, and come to Punjab in 1672. He was brought up like a prince. He was taught Persian, Sanskrit, Hindi, Gurmukhi, Arabic, Arithmetic Granth and History by competent teachers.3 The tiny Gobind passed first five years of his life at Patna. Many stories have been related by chroniclers about his childhood.4 In the early childhood Gobind Singh was bold and fearless. Living at Patna Gobind was eager to join his father at Anandpur as soon as possible. The family left Patna after received letter of Guru Tegh Bahadur ji. News of the child Guru’s departure spread like wild fire. His maternal uncle Kirpal recruited a small force of Sikhs for the protection of the young guru. More and more daring young men began to visit Anandpur, and prolonged their stay to keep inspiring company of the Guru.5 Anandpur was a paradise on earth. -
Sikhism-A Very Short Introduction
Sikhism: A Very Short Introduction Very Short Introductions are for anyone wanting a stimulating and accessible way in to a new subject. They are written by experts, and have been published in more than 25 languages worldwide. The series began in 1995, and now represents a wide variety of topics in history, philosophy, religion, science, and the humanities. Over the next few years it will grow to a library of around 200 volumes – a Very Short Introduction to everything from ancient Egypt and Indian philosophy to conceptual art and cosmology. Very Short Introductions available now: ANARCHISM Colin Ward CHRISTIANITY Linda Woodhead ANCIENT EGYPT Ian Shaw CLASSICS Mary Beard and ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY John Henderson Julia Annas CLAUSEWITZ Michael Howard ANCIENT WARFARE THE COLD WAR Robert McMahon Harry Sidebottom CONSCIOUSNESS Susan Blackmore THE ANGLO-SAXON AGE Continental Philosophy John Blair Simon Critchley ANIMAL RIGHTS David DeGrazia COSMOLOGY Peter Coles ARCHAEOLOGY Paul Bahn CRYPTOGRAPHY ARCHITECTURE Fred Piper and Sean Murphy Andrew Ballantyne DADA AND SURREALISM ARISTOTLE Jonathan Barnes David Hopkins ART HISTORY Dana Arnold Darwin Jonathan Howard ART THEORY Cynthia Freeland Democracy Bernard Crick THE HISTORY OF DESCARTES Tom Sorell ASTRONOMY Michael Hoskin DINOSAURS David Norman Atheism Julian Baggini DREAMING J. Allan Hobson Augustine Henry Chadwick DRUGS Leslie Iversen BARTHES Jonathan Culler THE EARTH Martin Redfern THE BIBLE John Riches EGYPTIAN MYTH BRITISH POLITICS Geraldine Pinch Anthony Wright EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY Buddha Michael Carrithers BRITAIN Paul Langford BUDDHISM Damien Keown THE ELEMENTS Philip Ball BUDDHIST ETHICS Damien Keown EMOTION Dylan Evans CAPITALISM James Fulcher EMPIRE Stephen Howe THE CELTS Barry Cunliffe ENGELS Terrell Carver CHOICE THEORY Ethics Simon Blackburn Michael Allingham The European Union CHRISTIAN ART Beth Williamson John Pinder EVOLUTION MATHEMATICS Timothy Gowers Brian and Deborah Charlesworth MEDICAL ETHICS Tony Hope FASCISM Kevin Passmore MEDIEVAL BRITAIN FOUCAULT Gary Gutting John Gillingham and Ralph A. -
Ph.D. Thesis of the Candidate
Ph.D. Student Handbook 2020-21 AKAL UNIVERSITY Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda Sant Attar Singh Ji Sant Teja Singh Ji 1866-1927 1877-1965 The great visionary of 20th century (Sant Attar Singh Ji) had a vision that modern scientific education alone will not serve the humanity well, until and unless it is amalgamated with Braham Vidya (Spiritual Education) OUR MISSION “To establish permanent peace in the world through value based scientific education and spiritual rejuvenation creating good global citizens” What is that which can empower our nation? Obvious answer is Education. Education enhances livelihood but education that is Value Based gives root and wings as well” Our Vision Hon'ble Baba Iqbal Singh Ji (Chancellor) (Retired Director Agriculture, Government of H.P., INDIA) Winner of Sikh Lifetime Achievement Award in London-2012 [Excerpt from a discussion with Revered Baba lqbal Singh Ji, President of the Kalgidhar Trust, India with Berkley Center, USA] The Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs at Georgetown University, created within the Office of the President in 2006, is dedicated to the interdisciplinary study of religion, ethics, and public life. Through research, teaching, and service, the Center explores global challenges of democracy and human rights; economic and social development; international diplomacy; and interreligious understanding. Excerpt Please expand on value-based education, and what it means to you and to your work? Broadly speaking, there are three types of education. The first type focuses only on literacy without any moral content. I believe the merely literate person is the most egoistic and selfish because he is taught no moral values and thinks only about himself.